//t/£^C/s
TRANSACTIONS
^n^E K.IO j^isr
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
. -^!
HALL OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL
SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA,
LOGAN SQUARE.
1896.
PRESS OF
C. STOCKHAUSEN.
PHILADELPHIA.
LIST OK PAPERS.
Aldkich, J. M.
The Dipterous genera Trachytrechus and Macellocrrus . i^ 1
ASHMEAD, W. H.
Descriptions of new Parasitic Hynienoptera . . .17!'
Banks, Nathan.
New North American Spiders and Mites . .57
BoDiNE, Donaldson.
The Taxonomic value of the Antennae of the Lepidoptera. 1
DiETz, William G., ]M.D.
Revision of the genera and species of Ceutorhyucliiiii
inhabiting North America ..... 387
Fox, William J.
Supplement of "the Crabroninre of Boreal America." . 78
Gillette, C, P.
A monograph of the genus Synergus Hartig . . 8.")
Hancock, J. L.
On Illinois Grouse Locusts . . . . . .235
IIulst, George D.
A Classification of the Geometrina of North America,
with descriptions of new genera and species . . 245
Leng and Hamilton,
The Lamiinre of North America by C. W. Long, with
notes and descriptions by John Hamilton, M.D. . 101
TRANSACTIONS
OF THE
AMKRICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETV
VOIvUIVEE XXIII,
THE TAXOXOmC VAI.I'E OF THE ANTEHTX/E OF
THE L,EI*Il>OI>TEKA.
A THESIS PRESEXTED TO THE FACULTY OF CORNELL UNIVERSITY
MAY 1, 1895, FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF SCIEXCE.
BY DONALDSON BODINE.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION.— Classification, methods uf study, material, methods, normal
position.
MORPHOLOGY.— Position, parts, insertion.
HI8TOLO(tY. — Ooneral structure, covering, protective hairs, scales, sense-organs,
sense-hairs — three types, pits and rods, cones, "Johnston's organ."
FUNCTION.— Touch, taste, smell, hearing.
EVOLUTION OF ANTENN.E. -Primitive form, scape, pedicel, clavola, spe-
cialization, ventral exjiansion, pectination, differentiation of sen.se-haii"s_
chitinous surface, fixed-hairs, plates.
DISCUSSION OF FAMILIES.— Jugatie, Frenatte. Generalized Freuat^e, Spe-
cialized Macrofrenatse, Frenulum-conservci"s, Frenulura-losers.
SUMMARY.
CONCLUSION.
DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES.
INTRODUCTION.
The avowed aim of all modern classification in biological science
is to gronp together those forms of life which have a close genetic
ivlationship, and to show how they are related.
Thoiigli not always evident at first, there can be no donbt that
community of descent atibrds the surest guide to similarity in the
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (1) JAXUAR\% 1896.
!i DONALDSON BODINE.
greatest number of cliaracters. Mr. Darwin-'^ has called attention
to the fact that, however unconsciously on the part of the systeniatist,
descent has really entered into the classification in that no matter to
what degree the two sexes may differ in the most important charac-
ters, they are placed together in the same most limited division, the
species. The ideal natural system would consist of a complete gene-
alogical table of all forms, exhibiting the phylogenies of groups and
their subdivisions. There could be only one such perfect system, but
it would admit of various expression. However far we are from its
attainment, we may well be glad that a start has been made in the
right direction. The attention of students is now being directed from
the analytic to the synthetic aspect of the subject. From a dry,
wearying process of sorting and pigeon-holing different forms for
convenience in management, we have advanced to a study of theii"
development and of the varying lines of descent through which they
have attained their present condition — a study of great philosophic
importance and of absorbing interest to the student.
In his " Evolution and Taxonomy,"t Professor Comstock suggests
that " the logical way to go to work to determine the affinities of a
group of organisms is first to endeavor to ascertain the structure of
the primitive members of this group, and then endeavor to learn in
what v/ays these primitive forms have been modified by natural
selection, keeping in mind that in each generation those forms have
survived whose parts were best fitted to perform their functions."
He lilso suggests that the study be prosecuted by applying the method
to a single organ ; then to another, and so on till a consistent history
is obtained. The essay gives his study of the evolution of the wings
of insects, especially of the Lepidoptera, and presents a provisional
system of classification based upon the results of that study. At
the suggestion of Professor Comstock, and under his dii'ection and
encouragement, the present study of the antennie has been undertaken.
The material for the work has been obtained largely from my own
collecting in the vicinity of Ithaca, N. Y., and I have been allowed
to avail myself freely of specimens from the extensive collection of
the University. The slides of mounted antennae of all specimens
used in the mori)hological study are deposited in the University
collection.
••• The Origin of Species. New York, 1878, p. 372.
t Evolution and Taxonomy, Wilder Quarter-Centu'-y Book, Ithaca, N. Y., 1893,
pp. 38-39.
ANTENNiE OF LEPIDOPTERA. 6
I wish to ticknowlcd^t' my i:rcat indebtedness to Professor Com-
stock for his coustiint readiness with suugestioii and advice and for
the invahiable assistance lie iias given nie throngh his jjapers and by
personal conversations. I am also nnder obligations to Mr. Alex.
D. ]\IaeGillivray for tlic invariable kindness with wliicli he has aided
me in the work.
For morphological study the antennae were removed from the head,
and, after dehydration in 95 per cent, alcohol and subsequent im-
mersion in clearer, mounted in Canada balsam. Each slide was
labeled with the name of the species, sex, and the side from which
the antenna w'as removed. The last item is of great importance, as
it enables the observer to determine the relative aspects in the subse-
quent study.
For histological study the antenuai were removed with great cai'e
not to tear away the soft parts at the base. Some were fixed and
hardened with parts of the head still attached. The chitin f(n-ms A
dense covering over the softer parts, and it was possible to obtain
better results in the fixing and hardening, and especially in the in-
filtration with collodion, if the antenna was first cut into moderate
lengths so as to allow the fluids to work in from the ends. The
tissues were fixed in various fluids. The Pici-o-aceto-sublimate, de-
vised by Dr. P. A. Fish, gave the best results. It is composed of
fifty per cent, alcohol, lOOOcc. ; glacial acetic acid, 5cc. ; corrosive
sublimate, 5 grams ; picric acid, 1 gram. After immersion in this
fixer for twenty-four hours, the tissues were passed through '}0, 67,
82 and 95 per cent, alcohols and imbediled in collodion. The wlu)le
was cleared in the castor-thyme oil mixture* — red oil of thyme,
three parts ; castor oil, one part. Where exti-a thin sections were
desirable, the cut surface was painted with one per cent, collodion
before each section was made. This aided very materially in pre-
venting the tearing away of the softer parts from the tough chitin.
For staining, both Delafield's hematoxylin and the simple hema-
toxylin with a counter-stain of eosin produced excellent results.
After considerable study of the natural attitude of the antennae
in live specimens, both in flight and at i-est, and also of the position
taken when the insect is killed and .-spread, the conclusion has been
reached that the normal position is assumed when the antenn;e are
extended directly laterad, with the most specialized surfaces ventrad,
* A New Clearer for Col lud ionized Ohjei'ts, I\ A. Fish. Proc. Am. Micr. Soc. vol.
XV, pp. 86-89, 1H93.
TRANS. AM. K.\T. SOC. XXIII. JANUARY, 1896.
4 DONALDSON BODINE.
and the pectinations, where they exist, arising from the ventral sur-
face. Some exceptions to the last clause will be noted later. This
description of the normal position and Fig. 26, representing the de-
nuded head and its appendages of Sphiiu- cher.'^is, will make clear
the application of the terms of position and direction employed in
the following pages. The natural position varies greatly in different
species. In some the antennae are directed nearly cei)halad ; in
others, almost as nearly caudad ; and all the possible positions be-
tween these extremes may be assumed. As the antenna^ are true
appendages, however, the general rule for the normal })osition of
appendages should obtain in all cases.
MORPHOLOGY.
The antenme belong to the pre-oral somite, and are usually the
most conspicuous pair of appendages of the head. They are slender,
segmented organs, and are inserted symmetrically, one on each side
of the meson, on the dorso-cephalic surface between or cephalad of
the compound eyes. In the Papilionina and Hesperiina, according
to Mr. Scudder,* and so far as I have observed, in the other Lepi-
doptera, the antenniie are inserted at the ends of the suture between
the epicranium and the clypeus, see Fig. 26. Kolbef says that, " In
the Diptera, Lepidoptera and Trichoptera, whose mouth-parts are
stunted, absent, or transformed into sucking organs, the antennae are
l)rought very near each other, while in the biting insects they usually
are sej)arated from each other." Mlcropteryx, one of the Jugatse,
which has retained its mouth-})arts slightly modified, has its an-
tennae inserted (|iiite far cephalad and relatively far apart; thus
it offers a peculiar confirmation of the generalization of Kolbe. It
would seem that, since the change in function of the mouth-parts
has not yet become complete, as indicated by the presence of those
organs in a condition less modified than in the other Lepidoptera,
the migration of the bases of the antennae has not progressed so far
as elsewhere in the order. The insertions here are at the ends of
the clypeal suture, but the sutui'e itself is strongly curved with the
ends bent cephalad.
The proximal segment of the antenna is the largest and is termed
* The Butterflies of the Eastern United States and Canada, in three Vols., by
S. H. Scudder, Cambridge, 18H9, vol. i. p. 37.
t Einfnhnuifi in die Kenntnis der Insekten, von H. J. Koll)e. Berlin, 1(S93,
p. 179.
ANTENNiE OF LEPIDOI'TERA. 5
the scape, Fig. 26. Next it is the pedicel, which is smaller than the
scape, but larger than the segments immediately distad of it, except
among some of the Hesperiina and Papilionina. The scape and
pedicel together are often called the base, while all the remaining
segments make up the clavola. Among the moths the latter is often
pectinate, or feather-like, Fig. 8. There is much confusion in the
nomenclature of this form, ])ut in the following pages the general
form will be tei'med pectinate ; the })art made up of the bodies of
the segments, the shaft; and the projections, pectinations; Fig. 8,
sh. and pe. Among the skij)[)ers and l)utterflies the clavola is divided
into a proxinud, thread-like portion, the funicle, or stalk ; and a
distal, fusiform, or clavate part, the club. Figs. 4 and 5.
The scape is inserted into a little cup-like depression of the head,
and is itself more or less rounded in at the i)roximal end. Very often
a constriction causes this end to take the shape of a spherical knob,
which, with the corresponding cavity in which it fits, makes a very
serviceable ball and socket joint. This permits great freedom of
motion in many planes, and to a considerable extent provides for a
rotary motion. The scape and pedicel also are joined in such a
manner as to allow considerable movement. The other joints, how-
ever, are comparatively stiff and afford little or no motion.
HISTOLOGY.
The scape is abundantly sup])lied with strong, striated muscles,
while in the other segments of all forms I have examined in sections,
I have been unable to demonstrate the presence of muscular tissue.
Fig. 20 represents a longisection of a segment with the two joints at
the ends and shows the shape of the contiguous parts. The chitinous
parts are held together by a tough, compact membrane, and it is due
to the elasticity of the latter that, when the clavola is flexed by ex-
ternal force, it is able of itself to resume its natural shape. A .sec-
tion of this membrane is well shown in fig. 18, me. Figs. 20 and
22 will make clear the internal anatomy of the clavola. Just entad
of the chitinous coat is a layer of varying thickness composed of
dermal and nerve-cells with numerous interlacing nerve-fibres. Along
the ventral part of the shaft runs ji large tracheal trunk supplying
the branches to the segments. Just dorsad of this trachea lie a pair
of large nerves wbieh come from the frontal ganglion and send out
branclies to the various organs of sen.se locateil in the antenna. The
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JANUARY. 189(J
(J DONALDSON BODINE.
remainder of the substance found in the interior is the blood, which
freely bathes the tissues and provides for their nourishment.
The chitinous covering of the antennae is of the same general
character as that of the body, but it is neither so thick nor so com-
pact in structure. It lies just ectad of the layer of dermal cells
making up the limiting stratum of the vital tissues of the insect and
is doubtless formed by the secretion from those cells. Its surface is
fre(|uently marked off into more or less nearly hexagonal areas. Fig.
34, which, in some cases, are said by various authorities to corre-
spond to the underlying layers of cells. They are limited by very
thin, continuous ridges of chitin sometimes, e. g. in Notolophus lea-
costigma, Fig. 30, raised as high as 3 m. from the surface. In other
cases there is an external layer of overlapping j^lates which may or
may not mark the outlines of the dermal cells. Figs. 38 and 39. The
surface of the plates is often broken up into fine points and ridges
which frequently obscure the outlines of the plates themselves. In
still other forms there is a covering of fine hairs which are really
simple projections of the chitin itself and quite different from the true
hairs described below. Fig. 40.
The many structures found on the antenme of the Le})idoptera
which have originated from the interior may all be regarded as
modifications of a simple hair. Each has its origin in a hypodermal
cell, and therefore is connected with the interior through a pore-
canal. The simplest form is that of a simple, protective hair, situ-
ated at the ectal end of a pore-canal. In the structure of the chi-
tinized parts it differs slightly, if at all, from the sense-hair described
later, but it lacks any connection with the vital tissues. Whether
it is an imperfect form of sense-hair, or whether it is in the condition
best adapted to the function it has to perform, is a question Ave are
unable to answer.
A simple ffattening out of a hair, followed by some corresponding
changes in the secondary details of structure, would give the type
of a scale. These also arise from a hypodermal cell, though in the
imago the connection is lost. Fig. l(j shows the position and manner
of insertion of the scales. The pedicel, or stalk, is set in a goblet
shaped cell lying in the chitin with its long axis nearly perj)endicular
to the surface, but pointing slightly distad. The bottom of the cup
is at the end of a pore-canal, but there is no evident vital connection
with the interior. When the scale is extracted, or has fallen out,
the insertion-cups have the appearance of two externally tangent, or
antexx.t: of lepidoptera. t
slightly overlapping circle, the distal one a little the larger. This
manner of insertion differs considerably from that found in tiie wing-
membrane and described by Professor Kellogg.* There the cups
have their long axes nearly parallel with the surface, and they seem
rather to be built up upon the membrane than to be hollowed out
of it.
Scales vary greatly in form in different j)artsof the sanie antenna.
The scape bears a patch of extremely long, little specialized scales
spread over the dorsal surface towards the distal end and forming
one or two very pronounced, often strongly colored tufts. Single
scales of this kind attain great length, while their thickness remains
small. One from the scape of a male Hemileuca maia measured
1888 X 5.2 vi. Mr. Scudder saysf that in the butterflies (by which
term he includes the Hesperiina and Papilionina) the basal pai't of
the base (i e., the scape) is always naked. In many cases, however,
these tufts cover at least the distal half of the scape ; in some all
the surface except that Avhich forms a part of the joint. This tuft-
ing is carried to an extreme, or rather it is reinforced in a peculiar
manner among the Epipaschiin?e. Here the length of the scales is
supplemented by an extension of the dorsal surface of the scape into
a long process, which in some sjiecies reaches nearly to the abdomen.
Fig. 28. This is thickly clothed with long, spatulate scales, the whole
forming a very prominent feature in the appearance of the insect.
It is regarded l>y ^Ir. Hulst^; as a secondary sexual development.
On the clavola the scales are more specialized, and have the same
form as those on the wing of the same insect. Among the moths,
for the most part, they are arranged on the dorsal surface in two
transverse bands, the scales themselves lying with their long axes
parallel with the axis of the clavola, and the free ends pointed distad,
Fig. 49. Thus the scales of the distal band cover the joint between
the segment on which they are born and the one succeeding. In
many pectinate forms the pectinations also bear scales. Even in
those antennse which are scaled apparently over their whole surface,
there is a comparatively free space on the ventral and more highly
specialized face.
* The Taxonomic Value of the Seniles of the Lepidoptera, V. L. Kellogg.
Kansas I'niv. Quar.. vol. iii. No. 1, pp. 49-50.
t The Butterflies of the Eastern United States and Canada, p. 37.
i Entoniologica Americana, vol. v, p. 44.
TR.\NS. AM. EXT. SOC. XX III. JANTARV, 1896.
8 • DONALDSON BODINE.
Of the various antennal organs which have a communication with
nerves, and are therefore presumably organs of special sense, I shall
describe six kinds :
1. Short, slender, pointed sense-hairs which are hollow, but closed
at the free ends ; Fig. 23, 1 , shows these in their relation to the rest
of the antenna; Fig. 13 represents a section magnified about 500
diameters. The hair is attached to the chitinous ring at the end of
a pore-canal. It has been described as movably articulated, but
there is no muscular tissue connected with it as with the hair of
^[ammuls. The elasticity of the connecting zone of chitin may
allow a certain amount of flexion and of subsequent extension, but
it can scarcely be said to be movable in the active sense. In the
specimens I have examined the external part of the hair does not
exceed 45 m. in length, and it is usually more or less flexible. From
the interior a fibre from a branch of the antennal nerve passes out
into the cavity of the hair. Ruland* says the question whether the
nerve, ascending through the pore-canal to a ganglioual swelling,
ends in the base ; or whether it sends up a modified continuation
into the interior, is not yet settled. He is unable to decide to his
satisfaction. Some of my preparations seem to me to show clearly
that the nerve itself extends some distance into the hair. Just entad
of the hair Hes a large nerve-cell. It is more or less ovate in form,
with the smaller end produced into the pore-canal. It contains from
three to six nuclei, which are coarsely granular in apjiearance. Au
" axis-cylinder" is clearly visible in the apical part of the cell, but
it fades from sight toward the middle.
This ty})e of sense-hair has a wide distribution. It occurs very
generally in both the Jugatic and the Frenatie. Mr. Scudderf says
that in no instance has he observed the antennae of the butterflies
clothed with hairs. He doubtless refers, however, to hairs of a dif-
ferent type described below. Those of the fir.st kind are more or
less abundant in many forms.
2. Long, very stout and rigid bristles or hail's, closed at the end ;
Fig. 14 represents a section of one from a nuile 0 1 1 Ioshdi ia p romet liea.
These are easily recognizable by their thick l)a.<<' and tapering form^
and also by their characteristic insertion. They have a distinct,
■■ Beitrage zur Keimtniss der Anteniialen Siuiu'sorsiane der Iii.sekteu, Franz
Rulaud, H:iinl)iirg. Zeit.schrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologio, vol. xlvi. pp. G02-
628.
t Buftcrtiius of Eastern United States and Canada, vol. i, p. 37.
AXTENX.E OF J.EiM JJOPTKKA. 9
compact ring suiTouiidiiig tlie |X)int of attachnient and rising up
around the l)ase of tlie In'i.-^tle. They vary greatly in size. Tliey are
usually shorter than the third type of sense-hair, but in some cases
they are longer. In Xotolojjhiis leucodujma, Fig. :-50, they measure
350 m. It is extremely difficult to obtain good sections of the soft
parts of these sense-organs, because of the toughness of the chitinous
parts, and the ease with which the cellular elements tear away from
them in the cutting. As shown in Fig. 14, we have here more than
one cell in connection with the sense-hair. I liave been unable to
determine whether all three are nerve-cells and receive branches from
the nerve-trunk. That at least one is supplied with a nerve is cer-
tain. At a later date, with fresh material, I hope to devote further
study to the histology of this form. Whether in all these cases the
cell is really a nerve-cell and has true nerve processes, is a matter
of <l(>uljt. AVhether the nerve is really a part of the cell, or sin)ply
intimately connected with it by the apposition of a brush end has
not been determined, and could j)erhaps be oatisfactorily demonstrated
only by the application of the ( Jolgi method. AVhichever condition
may be the true one, however, it is doubtless constant in all forms,
and so cannot affect the problem under consideration in this paper.
The distribution of the sense-hair of the second ty})e is as wide as
that of the first type, but the number is limited to a very few on a
single segment.
8. Long, rather stout and stiff hairs which, like those first de-
scribed, are hollow and closed at the free ends ; Fig. 23, 3, shows
these in relation to the rest of the antenna, and Fig. 12 represents a
section of one from a male Callosamia promethea, magnified about
500 diameters. It will be seen from the figure that the structure
differs but little from the first type. The nerve-cell, however, is
relatively smaller, and the hair is more firmly attached. The ex-
ternal portion of the hair usually measures from 80 to 100 )n. I
have found none less than 75 m., while some attain a length of
350 m. In distribution they are more limited than the other types.
They do not occur in the Jugatse, nor in the Hesperiina and Papili-
onina.
4. Pits, or depressions, guarded at the opening l)y stiff i)rojections
of chitin, ami containing single rods or cones, which are connected
with nerves from the interior; Fig. 15 represents a section of one
from a male Callommi a promethea. In this species the pit is a de-
pression in the chitin from 8 to 10 m. deep, and of almut the same
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XX III. (2) JANUAKY, 1896.
10 DONALDSON BODINE.
diameter. Rising from the floor is a chitinous cone about 3 vi. in
diameter at the base and 6 m. high. The apex is somewhat atten-
uate and is open. The nerv^ous apparatus is much like that in the
first type of sense-hair. It is broader at the apical part and passes
directly into the cone, filling the broad base. Sometimes two, or
even three of these pits are grown together. In such cases there is
a reduplication of all parts. Among the butterflies they are much
deeper, and are supplied with stiff* guarding projections from the
walls, Fig. 17. The cone, also, is smaller in diameter at the base, and
is almost or quite rod-like in form. In at least some cases, e. g.
Pijramels eardni, there is a circle of stiff* points around the base of
the cone. Hauser* describes such a bristle circle in Vanessa io.
Kraepelin and Raland,t however, from the study of diff*erent species,
dispute the existence of such a structure. Pits have a wide distri-
bution throughout the whole order. They are found for the most
part on the ventral surfaces both of the shaft and of the pectina-
tions. In the butterflies they are most numerous on the club. Hauser
says they are not limited to the two terminal segments alone, as
Lespes has declared, but are spread over the whole club. In Van-
essa atalanta I have found them in all but the three proximal seg-
ments of the clavola.
5. Short projections which have become so thick as to lose their
character of hairs, and which in many cases have a covering con-
tinuous with the general integument of the segments ; Fig. 20, 5,
represents the form of these cones and shows their relation to the
segment. Fig. 18 represents a section of one from a male (h/lo-
samia promethea. The nerve apparatus resembles that of the rods
in the pits described under 4. In fact the whole api)aratus seems
like an everted pit. The termination of the cone varies in different
species. In some the end is blunt and even hollowed out; in others
there is a fine point at the a})ex ; in still others there are several
points. Figs. 41-45. The distribution of the cones is wide. They
occur in all the families of the Frenatje, excepting the Hesperiina
and Papilionina, and possibly the Fyromor[)hid:c. They are not
fi)und in the Jugataj. Notwithstanding their broad distribution,
there is usually only a single one on a segment, and in many cases
only on the segments of the distal portion of the clavola.
* Physiologische uiid histologische Uiitersuchtunjieii iibcr dus Geruchsorfjander
Insekten, Gustav Hauser, Eiiangen. Zeit. fur wiss. Zool., vol. xxxiv, pp. 3G7-403
(1880).
f Anteiiiialen Sinnesurgano. Zeit. fur wiss. Zool., vol. xlvi, i)p. G02-628.
AXTENN.E OF LEPIDOl'TKUA. 11
6. There is another set of nervous appuratus whicli, though it
cannot aftbrd any taxononiic characters, at least not without invol-
ving the careful preparation of difficult sections, may throw some
light on the question of function. It is always situated in the pedi-
cel. Fig. 19 represents a section through the apparatus in the an-
tenna of a male Callosamia 2}roviethea. It is a sagittal section of
the ventral half of the pedicel, with parts of the adjacent segments ;
but the apparatus extends around the whole segment, so that a lon-
gisection in any plane would present essentially the same appear-
ance. As the antennal nerve-trunk enters the pedicel, it gives off
on all sides nuiiierous branches, which extend peripherad. When
it approaches the outer wall each nerve bends distad and joins a
nerve-cell with a distinct nucleus. Extending distad from the cell
is a long, slender rod with one or more nucleal bodies. These rods
are gathered into small conical bundles and terminate within pores
situated in the mend)ranous ring which connects the chitinized walls
of the pedicel and the proximal joint of the clavola. It will be
remembered that the base is the movable part of the antenna ; while
the clavola, except in case of the application of external force, is as
one piece. It at once becomes evident that any movement of the
clavola upon the base, whether due to its contact with some object
or to a vibration caused by a vibration in the air, would be at once
felt in the membrane in which these rods lie. As there are rods in
every part of this membrane a definite impression of the movement
would be produced in the sense-rods.
FUNCTION.
That the antenna) function as organs of s])ecial sense there can be
no question. Just what the sense, or senses, may be, we cannot tell,
but we may ai)proxiinate the true character. When we consider
how little we know of the essential operations which accompany our
own perceptions, we nnist realize the difficulty of the i)roblem. We
can form definite ideas of what sensations are possible to insects
mainly by interpretations of physiological action and of histological
structure, as conqoared with similar actions and structures in our-
selves and in the higher animals. Doubtless the range of perception
in insects is widely different from our own ; yet, that there must be
considerable similarity in the organs, fidlows from the fact that the
external substances or forces nmst work through the same media in
both cases.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JANUARY, 1896.
12 DONALDSON BODINE.
The senses which might be supposed to have their peripheral or-
gans in the antennse are touch, taste, smell, and hearing. The evi-
dences of their existence we may class under two heads : histological
and physiological, normal, and artificial or experimental.
Touch. — A very little observation will convince one that the an-
tennse arc peculiarly sensitive to . impressions of touch, and it seems
very probable that the several types of sense-hairs already described
are especially adapted to the receptio'is of such impressions. Blix*
holds that in man all hairs are organs of touch, though at the same
time they serve for protection. The sensation of pressure at least is
closely associated with the hairs. In insects where the body is cov-
ered with a hard sliell of chitin, we may fairly assume that the hairs
are even more effective as intermediate organs between the external
influence and the nerve termination. It is not at all improbable that
the diflerent types of hairs are receptive of diflferent sorts of sensa-
tions, as of touch, j^ressure, weight, etc. The greater abundance of
hairs in the nocturnal nioths and their sparser distribution among
the diurnal forms would seem to be correlated with their use as
touch organs. One who has watched Ctenucha virginica, or some
form of night-flying moth, will have little doubt that the antennse
serve as "feelers." It may not be impossible or even improbable
that the sense of touch in these organs is not limited to conditions
of actual contact with the objects perceived. Many phenomena
connected with the actions of moths possessing these organs very
highly developed point to the conclusion that there must be a sort
of feeling at a distance sucii as we know of among some higher
forms which are sightless.
Taste. — Histologically, we might suppose it possible that the pits
and rods or the cones might function as organs of taste. Some authors
hold that during life the pits may be filled with a mucous secretion.
I do not think so, but if there were a fluid in them the api)aratus
would closely a[)i)ro\'imate the condition found to prevail in the
taste organs of the higher animals. Experiments, however, have
shown pretty conclusively that taste does not reside in the antennre.
It has been found that by the use of the antennae waspsf could not
distinguish powdered sugar from alum or dolomite, and only recog-
nized the difference when some of the substance reached the mouth.
* Exper. Beitrage zur Losung der Frage iiber die Specif. Energie der Hautner-
veu. Zeit. fur Biologie, 1885.
t Uas (xeschniacksorgan der liisektcii. F. Will. Zeit. fur wiss. Zoologie. IHM."), p.
674.
ANTENNA. OF LEPIDOPTKRA. 13
Smell. — There can l)e little doubt that the .sense of smell is very
acute in the Lepidoptera. Hundreds of species of both moths and
butterflies are known to possess special organs for the emission of
odors. Di-. Fritz Muller* says that the males of DuJonl'^ bihli^, one
of the Nymphalidie, is able to emit as many as three distinct odors,
each kind being produced by a separate apparatus. The possession
of contrivances for the emission of such odors would in itself argue
the existence of organs for their detection. The wonderful celerity
with which the Noctuidse and Arctiida? can iind "sugar" at trees or
in open places lends additional weight to the belief that thei*e must
be well-developed organs of smell. The only tenable theory to ac-
count for the well-known habit of " assembling" among Le})idoptera
is based upon their [)ossession of an extremely acute sense of smell
or something very akin to it. This habit is not confined to any one
grouj), though it is most fre(piently observed among the Saturniina.
It has been notedf in many widely separated families, e. g., Hei)iali(he,
Tortricina, Geometrina, Noctuina, Lymantriidje, Lithosiidse, Zy-
gsenidpe, etc. The most remarkable exam})le that has come under
my notice is recoi'ded in "The Entomologist" of December, 1<S94.
On the U)th of July, 1894, a gentleman of Carnforth, England,
placed three females of Bomhj/.v qncrcus; each in a cage of perforated
zinc, in a leather collecting bag. On the 20th they were removed,
and the bag was carried on a trij) to the Isle of Man. On the 24th,
after returning to England, the bag was taken to Witherslack INIoss
and a number of males not only came to it, but even crept inside.
Afterwards, at various places, on the 26th, 27th, 29th and 31st, num-
bers of males came to the bag, though no females had been in or near
it dnce the 19th, a period of twelve days.
During the early Summer of 1894, a breeding-cage with cocoons
of Callosamia proinethea was placed at one of the windows of the
Entomological Laboratory at Cornell University. The window was
a second story one, and was directly over a much frecjuented walk.
When the warm days came the window was opened, and after fe-
males had emerged great numbers of males came to the cage, flying
even in the middle of the day in strong suidight. On the afternoon
of the 15th of June, between three and half-pa.st five o'clock, forty-
* Notes on Brazilian Entomology by Dr. Fritz Muller, Trans. Eut. Soc. London.
1878. pp. 211-223.
t The Entomologist. London, vol. xxv, p)). >S4, 121, 163, 218; vol. xxvi, j). 21 ;
vol. xxvii, p. ITii.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JANUARY. 1896.
14 DONALDSON BODINE.
six males flew into the laboratory and were captured. In all the
cases I observed sight ap])eared to be of little use. The Avhole ap-
proach was made in a more or less indefinite manner, as if they were
guided by the varying strength of the scent, and, even v/hen the fe-
males were close to them and in ])lain sight, the males would still fly
blindly about striking the sides of the building, and at last reaching
the cage only after many wide detours. Dr. Westcott describes, in
the " Entomological News" for JNIay, 1895, his experience with Ce-
cropias. In four days he took 342 males who came to a cage where
females were confined. At one time he counted 218 about the cage
at the same time, when it contained only four females.
Males of Samia ceeropia have been known to anticipate the emer-
gence of the female from the cocoon. In many forms where the
female has lost her wings, or possesses them in a very rudimentary
condition, she does not fly at all, or does so only to seek a place
for depositing her eggs. As many as 183 species have been enumer-
ated where the wings of the females are either greatly reduced or
entirely absent. In these cases the males must seek the females, and
observations show that they succeed in doing so in a wonderfully
short space of time. These are certainly i*emarkable manifestations
of some sense of pei'ception, which, in many respects, must resemble
our sense of smell. That the sense here concerned is not in any
direct way connected with that of touch or with the sympathetic
vibration of sense-hairs or organs, is proved by the example quoted
above where the males were attracted to a bag from which the fe-
males had been removed for some time. The fact that " assembling"
takes place among moths which have filiform antennre also argues
against the view that the pectinate forms by the vibration of their
abundant hairs communicate at a distance.
There are many reasons why the pits and rods of the antennse
should be regarded as the peripheral organs of this sense. Histo-
logically, there is much evidence in favor of the view. There is a
supporting tissue with a perforated end, which would allow free
communication between the air and the nerve or a thin protecting
membrane, through which the perception may take place. The
origin of the anteniial nerve also presents some evidence that the
sense of smell resides in the antennse. Viallanes* says the antennal
* Etudes histologique et orgauologiqiic sur les centres nei'veux et les Orjianes
des Sens des Aniniaux articules. Ann. de Sci. Nat. Zoologie, Huitieme Serie, T.
14. Paris, 1893. Ff. 405-45G.
ANTENN.K OF LEPIDOPTERA. 15
nerve is provided with two roots ; one, ventral, composed exclusively
of fibres affected by s[)ecial sensibility, arises from the olfactory lobe ;
the other, dorsal, which includes at once motor fibres and fibres of
general sensiliility, arises from the dorsal lobe of the deutocerebron.
Viallanes also shows the correlation between the developnient of
nerve centres and their peripheral organs. In Libellula, whose eyes
are so larac, the optical gan<ilia accpiire unusual dimensions ; on the
other hand, in the same insect whose antenmc are very small, the
olfactory lobes become almost rudimentary. The reverse conditions
prevail in ants.
The most plausible argument against the view that the organs of
smell are in the antennae is that stated by Mr. Arkle. He writes*
as follows : " In animal organisms the gift of scent is exercised
through the respiratory process. Lepidoptera possess this faculty
beyond doubt, and, as the air inhaled is the carrying medium, we
must look to the spiracles as the organs of smell." This opinion
rests upon the assumption that the condition found in the liigher
vertebrates must also obtain in lower forms. I think this is a mis-
take. We, who, of all vertebrates excepting the Cetaceie, have the
most rudimentary olfactory lobes, can have little conception of the
enormous range of perception, or of the mode of action of the sense
of smell in the lower forms. That air is the carrying medium is
doubtless true. Air, however, has access to the rods in the j)its of
the antenna?. The real question at issue, then, is whether a current
of air such as would be produced by respiration is necessary, or
whether the simple diffusion of the substance in the air would not
reach the organs in the antennie. That the latter condition is suffi-
cient is evident when one considers the state of affairs in the lower
vertebrates. Sharks have a highly developed sense of smell. Their
olfactory nerves are of great size. Yet, there is probably little or
no current of water over the olfactory membranes. In Amia calva,
a Ganoid with large olfactory nerves, the nasal sac is not connected
with the respiratory organs, the only communication with the outside
Ixjing through a narrow tube opening at its free end above the sur-
face of the head, and a small postnares. A number of different
forms do not even have a })ostnares, e. g., Petromyzoii marixn.-i. This
must mean that a current of the carrying medium is not a necessary
factor. The fact that the most careful preparations by skillful his-
■'■• "The Entomologist." London, vol. xxvii, December, 1894, pp. 336-338. See
also article by Watson in vol. xxviii, February, 1895, pp. 30-33.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JANUARY, 1896.
16 DONALDSON BO DINE.
tologists have failed to denionstrnte any organs near the spiracles of
insects which could be supposed to act as organs of smell, also lends
argument against the idea of a current of air caused by respiration.
Indeed, if the current is of any advantage, may it not be possible
that the waving of the antenna so familiar to all observers would
provide for it in sufficient degree.
Many experiments have been made upon insects to determine
whether the antennae are really scent organs. In most cases Cole-
optera or Hymenoptera have been used because of their greater ease
of manipulation. The most valuable experiments are those con-
ducted by Hauser and described by him in the " Zeitschrift fur wis-
senschaftliche Zoologie," Bd. 34. Auguste Forel* and Sir John
Lubbockf have also performed many interesting and instructive
experiments. These investigators believe that the sense of smell
does reside in the antennae. Some of them also believe that there
may be other parts of the body or other organs which are sensitive
to impressions of smell. Some experimenters have arrived at a con-
trary conclusion. Many of them, however, have in their tests made
use of strong odors, often of irritating and corrosive substances, and,
in consideration of the extreme delicacy of the sense being tested, it
seems to me that their results are untrustworthy.
I have dwelt at such lengtli upon the question of smell because
its possession is of such great moment to the Lepidoptera not only
in the detection of the whereabouts of their food, but in the more
important problem of the perpetuation of their species. A review
of all the arguments pro and con has forced the conviction upon me
that the pits and rods, and probably the cones also, are the special
organs of this sense. No other organs so well adapted are found in
the insect and the number occurring in an antenna seems to be cor-
related with the importance of the use of scent in the life of the
species. Hauser;}; says the bees and wasps have 14,000 to 15,000
cavities and about 200 cones in each antenna ; the leaf wasps, a
smaller number. The flesh and dirt flies have 60 to 150, while the
flies that live on plants have only 5 or 6 to each feeler.
Hearing. — It is frequently denied that Lepidoptera possess the
sense of hearing, and evidently they pay little attention to the ordi-
* Experiences et remarques critiques sur les sensations des Insectes, Recueil
Zdol. Suisse. T. 4, 188fi.
t On the Instincts and Senses of Animals.
X Popular Science Monthly, vol. xxiii, p. 284.
ANTENN.E OF LEPJDOrXERA. 17
nary sounds which ure sensible to our ears. It does not follow, how-
ever, that they do not hear sounds of which we are not cognizant.
Dr. H. Landois* gives an account of sound-producing organs among
insects and describes sounds produced by eleven species of Lepidop-
tera with which he experimented. In many cases the sounds were
weak, but he says the weakness. of the tones of many was due partly
to the lightness of the sound, partly also to its being of such a nature
that it cannot be perceived by human ears. The senses of touch
and hearing are doubtless very intimately connected. That the an-
tenna! hairs of certain Diptera are auditory organs has been pretty
clearly demonstrated, and it is not at all improbable that the an-
teunal hairs of the Lepidoptera may be of some use for the detection
of sound. The set of apparatus described under section (5 seems
especially adapted to the perception of any sort of delicate pulsa-
tions of sound waves. C. M. Childf has described this apparatus,
which he terms " Johnston's Organ," as found in the Culicidte and
Chironomidre, where it has a remarkable development. He believes
that its functions as an organ for the perception of both touch and
sound, and that the insect is able to distinguish between the two
sensations by whether any resistance is offered to the free movement
of the antenna.
EVOLUTION OF THE ANTENNA.
In the preceding chapter I have described the general form and
structure of the antennas of the Lepidoptera. I have also endeavored
to indicate the character of the organs found upon them and to ai--
rive at some conclusions regarding their function. In the present
chapter I shall point out what I believe to l)e the primitive form of
Lepidopterous antenna, and to indicate in a ])artial manner the
paths by which the evolution of the more specialized forms has taken
place.
The most generalized form of antenna of existing Lepidoptera so
far as I have been able to examine specimens is to be found in the
genus Mloroptenjx. The genus contains two distinct types, but M.
semipurpurella may stand as the representative of the one which
"•■■" Die Ton- und Stimin-apparate der Insekten in anatoiuisch-physiologischefl
und akustis<-lieu Bezieliung. Zeit. f. w. Zool. Bd. 17, pp. 105-186.
t Eiii bislier weuig beaclitete antennales Sinnesorgan der Insekten, niit besonder
Berucksichtigiing der Culieiden und Chirouononiideu. Zeit. f. w. Zool. Bd. 38,
1894. pp. 475-528.
TRANS. AM. Kx\T. SOC. XXIII. (3) JANU.\RY, 1896.
18 DONALDSON BODINE.
retains in the fullest degree the characters of the stem form. Fig.
1 exhibits the general outline of the entire antenna, and Fig. 53 a
single segment more highly magnified, showing the finer structure.
It will be noticed that the scape is diflferentiated from the other seg-
ments by its larger size and different shape ; that the pedicel is not
very different from the proximal segments of the clavola, but the
whole base is easily distinguished from the other parts by its cover-
ing of very generalized scales. These are like long hairs, while
those which make a dense covering over the whole clavola are com-
paratively specialized, being broad with emarginate apices. The
simple, cylindrical segments which compose the clavola show little
variation from the common shape and present almost no projections
or asymmetrical expansions of the body wall. There are numerous
hairs of the first type, especially on the ventral aspect of the distal
segments, and a few of the second type. The latter are limited to
one, or at most two, on the ventro-distal edge of the segments, and
a considerable number in various positions on the apical segment.
Other characters appear in the antenna, but for our present purpose
those named are the important ones, as indicating what we may
fairly predicate of the stem form of the Lepidoptera. We may say,
then, that the j)i'ii^iitive antenna of the Lepidoptera was made up
of a scape large enough to afford room for the strong muscles to
provide for the movement of the pedicel, and also to contain the
large trunks of tracheae and nerves which supply the parts distad ;
of a pedicel large enough to provide space for the nervous apparatus
described under section 6 of the preceding chapter ; of a clavola
composed of numerous segments, probably at least a score, all of
them very nuich alike. What was the character of the chitinous
surface we cannot say. Doubtless there were hairs of the first type.
There may have already been specialized hairs of the second type.
In the evolution of any complex organ, natural selection has acted
upon the different component parts and many lines of specialization
may have progressed together. This is true of the antcnnte, and in
considering them we must necessarily treat of different features sepa-
rately. The most striking changes are those of general shape. The
variations of the scape and pedicel are for the most part within nar-
row limits and are in the direction of changes in their size relatively
to that of the clavola, and in the varying proportions of length and
thickness. The scape has undergone modification in two directions
according as one or the other of its functions has been of predomi_
ANTENX.T5 OF LEPIDOPTERA. 19
nate importance in the action of the antenna. When exact and
definite movement became of greater moment, the tendency \va;«
towards an increase in diameter and rehitive shortening of the
length. This wouhl provide for a nuich more advantageons arrange-
ment of the muscuhiture, both as to the direction of tiie axis of the
fibres and the securing of a better leverage for their operation. This
line of specialization has reached its climax in the Hesperiina and
Papilionina. On the other hand, when the direct movement became
of less importance than the separation of the two clavolas and the
ability to move them from two distinct and widely separated bases
somewhat removed from the head, then selection caused a length-
ening of the scape accompanied by little increase in diameter. This
line of specialization has progressed quite far in certain of the Mi-
crofrenatie, especially among the Tineina.
The pedicel shows but little variation among the moths. In tlie
more specialized families it is of greater size, relatively to that of
the adjacent segments of the clavola, tlian wouKl l)e necessary, did
it serve simply as a socket whose function was to hold the clavohi,
while the pedicel itself might be moved by the muscles situated in
the scape. It is very probal)le that the degree of its develo})meiit is
closely correlated with tliat of tlie contained nervous apparatus
al rea( ly described .
The greatest variation occurs in the clavola. This is the part
which more directly bears the sense organs, and therefore is ])ecu-
liarly subject to the action of natural selection. We may safely
assume that the primitive form of the segments of the clavola was
cylindrical, with the whole surface equally provided with hairs, the
latter uniting in their function protection and sense- perception.
When there came the differentiating modifications of the hairs into
difierent types, and the consequent differentiation of the surfaces of
the clavola, the organs specialized for sense-perception came to be
more or less localized on the ventral aspect, while those for protec-
tion were concentrated on the dorsal. It at once becomes evident
that, if the chief function of the antenna is sense-perception, spe-
cialization would be in the direction either of enlarging that ])art
which bears the sense organs and thereby providing for an increase
in their number and spread, or of increasing the efficiency of the
organs themselves. As a matter of fact, both processes went on
together.
The extent of the ventral surface was enlarged l)y progress along
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JANUARY, 1896
20 DONALDSON BODINE.
two different lines of specialization. In one there was a projection
of the snrface ventrad, resulting in a form of antenna in which the
line of the joints appears to be thrown out from the line of centers
of the segments, and is at the dorsal side of the shaft, Fig. 47.
When carried very far this projection is emphasized on the mesal
line and a distinct ventral ridge is formed. In the other line of
specialization, instead of a ventral expansion, there is a sudden pro-
jection of a small portion of the segment at the ventro-distal edge
forming a flattened expansion whose lateral edges are produced into
the more or less slender prolongations which we call pectinations.
The evolution wrought in the shape of the segments by the earlier
and simpler method is a very gradual one. The most generalized
forms, e. g. Mleropteryx semipurpurella, see Fig. 1, shows a slight
tendency towards the increased development of the ventral surface.
In the Microfrenatffi the development is carried further. Here we
invariably find a considerable enlargement, but the surface is usually
more or less rounded off. Pyrausta oxydalis, Fig. 47, will afford an
illustration of what I mean. The stage of the formation of a dis-
tinct ventral ridge is best shown in such forms as Cvamhux midahUls,
Fig. -1, wliere the ritlge is thin and attains a width equal to twice
the diameter of the sliaft pi'oper. This same extreme development
is also found among the Sphingida?, Fig. 46.
The second kind of specialization has undergone a more complex
evolution. There can be little doubt that the pectinations arose,
perliaps after the first kind of specialization had progressed to a cer-
tain extent, as simple extensions of the ventro-distal edges of the
segments. The antennae of the females of those species of which
the males have highly specialized pectinate antenna? often afford an
insight into the probable successive stages through which the forms
have attained their high development. The most instructive series
for this study can be found among the Satnrniina. All the males
of the Citheroniidre and Saturnidse have two pairs of pectinations
to a segment for at least a portion of the clavolas, while in only a
few genera of the SaturnidiB do the females have them. In most
cases the females have non-pectinate antenna? or have only a single
pair of pectinations to a segment. Whether they have simply lagged
behind the males in the process of specialization, or have degenerated
from a common form, it is difficult to say. Mr. Poulton* believes
•■■ The external Morpholo{?y of the Lepidopterous Pupa ; its Relation to that of
the other Stages and to the Origin and History of Metamorphosis. — Part IV, by
Edward B. Poulton. Trans. T>inn. Soc, liOndon, second series, vol. v, Zoology,
pp. 246-
ANTENNA OF LEPIDOPTERA, 21
that all siK'h cases of sexual ineciuality liave been gradually reached
by a degeneration of one sex attended l)y a corresponding develop-
ment of the other, and that a tendency towards such an action arose
whenever the females were less active than the males. His chief
argument for this theory is that the antennal cases of the pupae are
practically alike in both sexes and are larger and more complex than
the adult antennte of the female would warrant, though at the same
time less developed than the adult male antennae. A different ex-
planation, however, may be offered. In these families ovij)osition
takes place very soon after the emergence of the female from the
cocoon and neither the male nor female adults seek footl to j)rolong
their existence. Their m()uth-[)arts have been lost or have ceased to
he functional. If this habit of early oviposition was acquired before
the antennae had time to develop very far, it is plain that there would
lie little tendency in either male or female to attain better antennae
for aitl in the search for food. At the same time the struggle of the
males to find the females quickly would cause a sudden and extreme
specialization of their antennae, without a corresponding influence
upon the female. Darwin has pointed out that " peculiarities ap-
pearing in the males of our domestic breeds are often transmitted
either exclusively, or in a much greater degree in the males alone."
This would seem the more natural explanation of the condition we
find among the Lepidoptera. It is so common to find the female
with antennie much less developed, that it is difficult to believe that
they all have degenerated from a form intermediate between the
l)resent male and female antennae. It is a much simpler and reason-
able explanation and one which is as fully in accord with the facts
to believe that in the large majority of cases the females have simply
not kej)t })ace with the males in the specialization of their autennie.
Whichever may be the true explanation, the comparative study
of the series is equally instructive. Degeneration is apt to retrace
the steps by which the form Avas specialized, and so affords nearly as
good illustrations of intermediate stages as would the real progressive
series.
Another suggestive serie-s is afforded by the gradation of the pec-
tinations on the different portions of the same antenna. The medial
and proximal parts show the more advanced stages, while the distal
retains the earlier and simpler ones; see the gradation in Fcltia
subgothica, Figs, 9, 11, 10. This, however, is not true in the case
of those organs which find their most favorable situation at the
distal end.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JANUARY, 1896.
22 DONALDSON BODINE.
From a comparative study of these corresponding forms in the
two sexes and of a large series of male antennae, I conclude that the
evolution of the pectinations was essentially as follows: A single
pair of pectinations originated on the ventro-distal edge of the seg-
ment. As development went on there was a steady selection of those,
forms in which the pectinations had their origin less toward the ex-
treme distal end. The result was that the bases of the pectinations
graduallv migrated proximad. In addition to this movement there
was also a tendency towards a migration dorsad. This last was a
slower and a later method of specialization, but one which more
directly resulted in an increase of the sensitive ventral surface.
Among the Saturniina we find a further development. Here, with
the exception of the Bombycidse proper, we find the pectinations are
dorsal, and where they have largely developed and have migrated to
the extreme proximal ends of the segments, a second pair have
originated as outgrowths from the distal edge of one segment towards
the overshadowing pectinations of the proximal edge of the adjacent
segment. The earlier form of this is seen in Automerb to, Fig. 8,
w^here the distal pair of one segment is so closely apposed to the
larger proximal pair of the next, that it is difficult to see the line
of junction except with a considerable magnification. In Tropcea
luna the distal pair have begun to migrate proximad and have be-
come independent of the older and more firmly established ones. In
Saniia ceeropia the two })airs of each segment are more nearly equal
throughout the clavola, while in Philoifamia cynthia, Fig. 3, the distal
pair have migrated so far proximad as to occupy almost the middle
of the segment.
We have seen how natural selection has caused an increase in the
area and spread of the sensitive surface. Along with this process
there was a diflPerentiation of the hair structures themselves, and
doubtless a corres])onding increase in their efiiciency. It is probable
that in the primitive form of antenna a diflferentiation had already
taken place between hairs for protection and for sense-perception.
The simplest form of the latter sort has already been described as a
hair of the first type. A comparative study of types two and three
will show that, while they are quite distinct from the first and from
each other, no great change would be necessary to transform the first
into either the second or third. Intermediate forms do not exist in
the same antenna, but difierent species show difierent degrees of
variation from the first type.
ANTENNiE OF LEPIDOPTERA. 23
The long, stout, rigid hair of the second type arose very early,
before the separation of the Jugatre from the Frenatie, and long
before the third type originated. The latter type was developed
subsequent to another division which took place after the separation
of the Jugatue from the Frenatai, and also after the Hesperiina and
Papilionina had branched off from the Frenate stem. It departs
less widely from the first type, and it is evidently specialized as a
touch organ. It reaches its highest development among the Noc-
tui(l:e, Lymantriidie and Arctiidic.
At first siglit the pits are very different from the simple sense-hair.
Nevertheless, I believe that in essential characters they differ from
them much less than do the hairs of the second type. The antenuie
of a female Eparyyrem titijru.i will show that iu many of the pits
hairs very like those of the first type occupy the place of the short
rods found in the more highly developed pits, and different specimens
will present various stages of transition from the hair in a compara-
tively slight pit to a short rod in a deeper one. This shoAVs that the
structure is not yet definitely fixed in character, and that it may vary
greatly in a short time.
The cones are a distinct development, however, and in all prob-
ability originated but once. This must have been after the separa-
tion of the Jugatse and the Frenati3e, and also after the Hesperiina
and Papilionina had l)ranclied off from the latter. All the Frenatie,
except these two superfamilies and possibly the Pyromorphidio, pos-
sess these organs. They are quite constant in location. In all of
the ]Microfrenatpe, and in most of the Macrofrenatre, they are dis-
tributed one to a segment as shown in Figs. 46 -50, and they form a
very conspicuous feature of the antenna. In some of the Macrofre-
natie, however, they number more than one to a segment, and in
pectinate antennte they have often migrated from the shaft to a posi-
tion ui)on tlie i)ectinations. Fig. 25 represents a portion of the ven-
tral aspect of the antenna of Phryga)udea calif ornica where the
cones still occcupy a position on tlie shaft. Fig. 27, representing a
portion of the right antenna of a male Zeuzera pyriui, shows this
migration with the cones situated part way toward the distal ends of
the pectinations. Fig. 30 shows a portion of a pectination of the
antenna of a male Xotolophus lencodujma with the cone at the ex-
treme distal end. Among the Saturnidic, the number of cones to a
segment is greatly increased. Fig. 7 represents a distal portion of
the antenna of a female Trojxva /una with clusters of cones in the
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JANUARY. 1896
24 DONALDSON BODINE.
same position usually occupied by the single one. It is perhaps
worth noting here that, while the females are usually behind the
males in the development of pectinations, they are not at all deficient
in the number or the perfection of the cones.
There is yet another feature which is of importance in determining
the relationship of an antenna. This is the character of the surface
of the chitinous exoskeleton of the clavola. In the Jugatps the sur-
face as a whole is even, but has numerous slender prolongations
which have received the name of fixed hairs, Figs. 51 and 53.
These are not articulated with the chitin as are the true hairs. They
are simply points which are continuous with and parts of the general
surface and do not originate at the ends of pore canals. In the
Fi'enatj« these are not found, but the surface of the whole clavola is
divided up into more or less hexagonal areas bounded by thin con-
tinuous plates set normal to the surface, or into a series of more or
less imbricated plates with various surfaces and outlines. These two
distinct kinds of surface covering are of great importance, as they
represent specializations differing in kind, and therefore indicate a
dichotomous division in the line of descent. There are other char-
acters which would indicate the same thing, but no other autennal
character shows that the Hesperiina and Papilionina branched off*
from the other Frenatae after their separation from the Jugataj. The
degrees of specialization attained in this character of surface are also
worthy of attention as they sometimes afford clues to the real posi-
tions of families.
The surface marking of the chitin of the clavola in the Frenatse
presents a great variety of forms, but with the possible exception of
a few apparently aberrant cases it is possible to trace a pretty definite
line of development })assing through them all. This is important,
because it means that the system originated but once. The sim})lest
and i)rol)ably the most primitive condition exists in the anteinia; of
the Pyralidina. Here we find the general surface smooth, but di-
vided up into more or less hexagonal ai'eas, fenced off' as it were by
continuous plates of chitin standing nornuxl to the surface. The
areas thus demarcated are said by some authorities to correspond
with the outlines of the underlying dermal cells, and it may be that
the plates represent the edges of separate areas of chitin developed
from the cells as centres. In the adult condition of most forms,
however, I do not believe that the arrangement has any relation to
the underlying structures. Fig. 34 represents a portion of the an-
ANTENNvE OF LEPIDOPTERA. 25
tennal surface of a male Pyramta oxydalis, and shows the great
regularity of the areas so characteristic of this group of moths.
Among the TortricicUe we find that in most cases the areas become
elongated. Fig. 35, a portion of the antcMina of a male Dlcliella
sulfureana, shows this condition. This elongation of the areas is
carried much farther among the Tineids. Tinea dorsutrigella, Y'xg.
36, shows this extreme lengthening of cells and straightening out
of the cross-lines ; yet here we still find the plates continuous. The
function of these plates is doubtless to strengthen the thin layer of
chitin and give it greater rigidity. In those forms which have long
slender pectinations we find the longitudinal plates nnich thicker
and heavier, while the transverse ones are less developed and have a
tendency to straighten out or to disa})])ear. This is evidently better
adapted than the hexagonal arrangement to stiffen these slender
forms. Fig. 30 represents the dorsal aspect of a pectination of a
male Notolophus leueosfigma, and shows at the sides some of the
plates in j)rofile, while the accentuation of the longitudinal plates is
clearly seen in the middle of the figure. Note also that the longi-
tudinal plates extend slightly beyond the end of the pectination.
One cannot help being struck with the resemblance between the striae
or ribs of the scales and these thicker ridges on the chitin surface.
On the ventral aspect of the same pectination we find a modification
somewhat different, but yet along the same line. The abundance of
the sense-hairs and the other organs makes a lighter and more deli-
cate surface desirable, and here the transverse plates are either want-
ing entirely or transformed into longitudinal ones. In fact, we may
state it as a general rule that the development of chitin on the ven-
tral and sensitive surface is not carried so far as elsewhere. Fig. 31
represents this condition. In all these forms the general surface is
approximately level and the plates represent the only elevations from
the surface. Now we come to another development. F'ig. 32 re[)-
resents a portion of the dorsal surface of the antenna of a nuile
Automerls to; ab is the niesal line of the shaft, and the part to the
left is the extension of the surface upon the pectination. It will be
seen that the portion near the meson resembles the condition found
in Notolophm lencodlgma, with this difference however : in AutonierU
io the general surface, instead of being level, rises on one side of
each plate so as to make each area constitute a single slope with its
crest at the plate on the distal edge. The surface of the sloping area
is divided up into ridges with what was originally a transverse plate
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (4) FEBRUARY, 1896.
26 DONALDSON BODINE.
at the crest of each ridge. These ridges Avhen greatly developed
extend beyond the apex of the slope and give the whole an appear-
ance of being covered with fine points. This modification may be
carried to an extreme. Cerura cinerea, represented in Fig. 37, will
show an unusual degree of development in this direction. As a
rule, however, the plates are smaller and more uniform, and form a
regular imbricated surface, such as is found in Hemileuca maia or
Papi/io po/i/.reiies, Figs. 38 and 39.
In a smaller number of cases the surface rises to the plates on each
side, making a double slope, with the plate at the crest. This may
be illustrated in the antenna of Daremvia lOidv/om, Fig. 33.
As might be expected, the extent to which these surface modifica-
tions of tlie structure of the chitin is carried depends largely upon
the development of scales. Where the antenna is heavily clothed,
we find usually less departure from the primitive form of surface,
especially if the scales are closely and compactly arranged. In most
cases the surface of the scape and pedicel is practically smooth.
This is doubtless in consequence of the covering of thick tufts of
long slender scales, and also because the abundant scales of the
vertex of the head aff'ord it sufficient protection.
DISCUSSION OF FAMILIES.
This chapter will contain a discussion of the antennae of Lepi-
pidoptera by families, or groups of families, as the case may be, and
will give my interpretations of the evidences they pi-esent, which
may be of taxonomic value. In this discussion the provisional clas-
sification of Pi'ofessor Comstock will be followed, because it is the
one with which I am most familiar and because I believe it repre-
sents the true relationships better than any other.* The character-
izations of gr()U{)s (]Uoted in the following })ages are taken from the
" ^Manual." It would be presumptuous for me to proi)ose any changes
in the classification, but where the evidence of the antennal struc-
tures is contrary to that of the wings, note will be made of such con-
tradictions as indicating the need of further study of the group. To
be complete, a classification must take into account all the structures
found in the body, and it was for the pur})ose of adding the evidence
of one more organ that the present work was undertaken. In most
of those species where the antennae of the males and females differ
* Mamial for tlie Study of Insects. John Henry Comstock and Anna Botsford
Comstock, Comstock Tub. Co., Itliaca, N. Y., 1895.
ANTENNA OF LEriDOPTKRA. 27
markedly in the degree of specialization both sexes have been studied,
but in the tables and descriptions which follow reference is always
made to the conditions found in the males, unless special mention is
made that the case is otherwise.
JUGAT^E.
The suborder Jugataj was established by Professor Comstock, and
was based principally upon important characters in some of the wing
structures which represent specializations differing in kind from those
of analogous structures in insects of the other suborder.* This
division of the order into the Jugatse and Frenatre represents the
earliest dichotomous division of the stem form of the Lepidoptera,
The antennal character which distinguishes between the two lines
of descent is the presence in the first of fixed-hairs upon the surface
of the clavola ; and in the second, of plates or their modifications.
Professor Kellogg has already pointed out that the Jugatie possess
fixed hairs upon the wing-membranes ; and he regards them as an
example of a " persistence of a primitive wing-covering, probably
represented in the wing-covering of the living Trichoptera." It may
be added that he believes their absence among the Frenatie is due
to a disai)pearance. I believe that the system of fixed hairs is a
distinct kind of specialization, closely resembling that found in the
Trichoptera and also in the Diptcra and Hymenoptera ; while the
system of plates with its later developments is just as distinct and
differs from the first. If this is so, it indicates that the Jugatse are
more closely related to the Trichoptera than to the Frenatse ; that
the stem form passed down in two lines of descent, and that the
Frenataj represent one, while the Jugatse and the Trichoptera rep-
resent subsequent divisions of the other. This conclusion would
really mean that the Jugatte are Trichoptera rather than Lepidop-
tera. It may at first sight seem that the character of the surface
coverhig is a trivial one and not worthy of so much attention. Dar-
win, however, laid it down as a geneaal rule that " the le»s any part
of an organization is concerned with special hal)its, the more impor-
tant it becomes for classification." We may recall in this connec-
tion that certain features apparently of little physiological import-
ance often afford the most reliable characters. This is especially
true of surface covering, e. g. hair of Mammals, feathers of Birds,
scales of Reptiles, etc.
* The Descent of the Lepidopteiii. J. H. Comstock, Proc. Am. Ass. Adv. So.
vol. xli, 1892, pp. 199-200.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. FKBRUARY, 1896.
28 DONALDSON BODINE.
There are other reasons for considering the Jugatfe closely allied
to the Trichoptera. The possession of a jugum, the branched con-
dition of radius of the hind wings, and some other characters of the
venation, the condition of the mouth-parts in Micropteryx, all point
to the same conclusion. In view of all these indications, it may at
least be regarded as an open question whether the Jugatse are true
Lepidoptera.
Another antennal character for the suborders is the absence of
cones in the Jugatae and their presence in the Frenatte. The cones
form a conspicuous featui'e of the antennae of nearly all Frenatae.
The only exceptions known to me are the family Pyromorphidie and
the superfamilies Hesperiina and Papilionina. The antennae of the
Pyromorphidie, however, are all pectinate, and those of the Hespe-
riina and Papilionina are so peculiarly specialized as to be easily
recognizable. The presence or absence of cones, therefore, is a prac-
tical recognition character.
The suborder Jugatse includes two families, the Hepialidae and the
Micropterygidae, and each is represented in North America by a
single genus.
The Hepialid/E. — The members of this family have very gener-
alized antennae. Their size as compared with that of the body of
the insect is extremely small. At the same time they })resent some
evidences that a degeneration has lately taken place, or is even now
in progress. Fig. 2 represents the antenna of a female Hep la I as
argentata. The lack of regularity in the segments of the clavola
and the incompleteness of the joints would seem to indicate that the
character of the segmentation has not yet had time to become fixed,
or that it is now in the process of evolution. The fixed hairs are
very numerous, and are somewhat stouter relatively than those in
Micropteryx. Correlated with this abundance of hairs there are few
scales. These are inserted along the dorsal aspect of the proximal
part of the clavola. The scape and pedicel are large, and are )iretty
thickly clothed with long scales over nearly their whole surface.
The clavolas vary considerably in the number of segments. Thirty-
one is the largest number in any of the si)ecimens in the University
collection. The ventral expansion of the shaft is inappreciable, and
there are no pectinations in any of the forms I have seen. Sense-
hairs of the first type are numerous, and there are several of the
second type to a segment. Pits are })resent, but vary greatly in
their (listril)ution. H. ((n/eiitdtd has few ; II. incylashani has many,
thougli they ai'e not very higldy organized.
ANTENNA OF LEPIDOPTERA. 29
The MrCROPTERYGiD.T5. — The members of this family have the
most generalized antenuaj of any of the living Lepidoptera. As
has been already noted, I find two types of antenna in the same
genus. Micropteryx semipurpurella has already been described
somewhat at length in the chapter on the evolution of the antennae,
and may stand as a representative of the simpler type. It is so
generalized in structure that I can find in it no character which
would distinguish it from some of the Trichoptex'a. Compare it with
Mystacides nigra, and the striking re?*emblance in structural cliarac-
ters will be evident. Nor is the resemblance superficial only. The
clothing of scales is practically alike in form and arrangement, the
same organs exist in both. The only appreciable difference is in the
number and relative length of the segments, neither of which char-
acters can be regarded as of any great taxonojuic value among the
Lepidoptera. The second type exhibits a remarkable peculiarity in
the arrangement of the scales. ]Most of them are gathered into two
radiating tufts and have their origin in two circular or oval depres-
sions, one on each side of the distal half of the segment. This is a
unique specialization, and I have no idea of its purpose. Fig. 51
represents a segment of the antenna of a male Micropteryx seppela (?)
and shows this arrangement of scales. M. purpurella has the same
arrangement on a much smaller scale, and other species vary between
these extremes. Another indication of the higher specialization of
this type is the presence of very broad, short scales on the scape and
pedicel in addition to the ordinary covering of long narrow ones.
There are also numerous long curved sense-hairs of the second type
which form a sort of pointed sheath around the segment and give it
the appearance of that of Anabolia bimaculata, one of the Tri-
choptera.
A comparison of the antenna^ of the He})iali(Ue and Micropter-
ygidae will show that those of the former family are more highly
specialized. Aside from tlie specialization in the scales just noted,
the antennte of the Micropterygidte are very primitive. Pits and
rods do occur, but in no case have I been able to find more than a
single one to a segment, while in the Hepialidoe there are often many.
The nearly naked surface of the clavola in Hepialm must also be
regarded as an indication of a higher type.
FRENATiE.
The suborder Frenatte is divided by Professor Comstock into two
principal sections: the Generalized Frenatie, including those fami-
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. I'EBRUAEY, 1896.
30 DONALDSON BODINE.
lies which " are supposed to retain more nearly than any other
Frenatae the form of the primitive Frenatse, those that were the first
to appear on earth," and the Specialized Frenatse, including those
" that depart more widely from the primitive type of Lei)idoptera,
being more highly modified for special conditions of existence." The
first group is a small one and comprises only five families, none of
which are large.
The Generalized Frenat^.
I believe the evidences of the antennae of this group agree with
those of the wings as given by Professor Comstock. The five fami-
lies represent lower branches from the primitive stem, and so have a
bond of connection in that none of them have departed very widely
from the primitive type. While the evidence is not conclusive
enough to show that any two of the families are genetically related,
except through the common stem, there are some indications in the
structure of the antennae that the Megalopygidse and Eucleidse are
more closely connected than any other two families ; while the Py-
romorphidie seem to represent a perfectly distinct line of descent.
It is evident that if each of these families represents a distinct line
of development, the grou]) as a whole will be a homogeneous one
only in the sense of containing those forms which are very gener-
alized, and that is the character of the group as given by Px'ofessor
Comstock. That there is a wide difierence between the degree of
specialization attained by the members of these families and those
of any others is quite certain. I do not think any one familiar with
various forms of antennae would fail to pick out those belonging to
this group. The extent to which the scape and pedicel are clothed
with scales ; the method of insertion of the scales more or less ob-
liquely to the surface, and the irregularity in their arrangement;
the scarcity of pits in most forms and the simplicity of their struc-
ture ; the very slight extent of the ventral expansion of the seg-
ments ; all are characters which, though perhaps not so constant in
all cases as to permit of exact definition of hmits, will yet enable
one to distinguish these families without much difficulty.
The Megalopygid.e. — The members of this family have very
generalized antennae. The segments are short and numerous. Me-
<l<(loj)ij(i<i crixpata has sixty-one composing the clavola. Tlie ])ecti-
nations arise from the extreme ventral aspect of the shaft and the
bases of each pair are closely apposed. They are long and well pro-
ANTENNA OF LEPIDOPTERA. 31
vided oil the ventral surface with sense-liairs of tlic tliird type. An
indication of tlie generalized condition of the antenna i.s the cover-
ing of scales over the whole dorsal surface of both the shaft and the
pectinations. The base is covered with long, narrow scales, forming
a prominent tuft on the dorsal aspect. On the shaft the scales are
little more than flattened hairs. Indeed, for some distance from" the
insertion-cups they are cylindrical in form, and they are very narrow
throughout their length. They are relatively long and stand out
obli<iuely from the surface. These scales are broader and more spe-
cialized than some on the wings and other parts of the body, but
they show the form characteristic of the family, narrow and lightly
pigmented. There is a very small number of both ])its and cones,
and they are located on the pectinations. The pits are very rudi-
mentary in structure, and, excepting in the possession of a short rod,
depart but slightly from the first ty|)e of sense-hair. Where the
cones appear at all, they have migrated to the extreme distal ends
of the pectinations and pi'oject from the ends in the midst of the
more or less crowded growth of scales.
The P.sYCiiiD.K. — The females of all the Psychidie remain in their
larval sacs even in the adult state, and they have become wingless.
The males, however, fly, and are compelled to seek the females in their
cases before pairing can take place. As might be expected from
such conditions, we find the antennse quite highly developed in cer-
tain directions ; yet as a whole they are of a very generalized type.
As in the Megaloi)ygidiTe, nearly the whole surface of the scape and
pedicel is covered with long, narrow, hair-like scales, and all of the
clavola excepting the ventral aspect is clothed with scales of but
little higher type. The greatest development is reached in the pecti-
nations. Relatively, they are the longest found among the Loi)idop-
tera. In P.^yeht' confederata some of those near the middle of the
clavola attain a length equal to one-half that of the whole antenna.
The bases of the pectinations have migrated proximad and occupy
a central position on the segments. Hairs of the third type are
numerous on the ventral surface of both shaft and pectinations.
They are well developed, but have no regular arrangement in their
insertion. Pits are rare, and are limited in the forms I have studied
to the two or three distal pairs of pectinations. Cones also are rare,
and when present are situated at the ends of the pectinations. The
antenna) of Thcridopteryx ephemenvjormis present a peculiarity in
the joint between the scape and the i)edicel. The latter segment is
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. FEBEUAKY. 1896.
32 DOXALDSON BODINE.
jointed, not at the apex of the scape in the ordinary way, but is set
obliquely on the caudal edge of the apex.
The CossiD.E. — The members of this family have well-developed
antenna?. The shaft is stout and strongly chitinized. The pectina-
tions are well developed in the males, and in some of the females.
The base is clothed with short, broad scales, with rounded or eniar-
ginate apices, and with numerous very narrow scales of greater
length scattered among the broader ones. On the clavola there are
very few scales, and these are confined to the dorsal aspect of the
shaft, and even there are quite closely applied to the surface. This
is doubtless correlated with the habit of swift flight of these insects,
and resembles in this respect the condition so characteristic of such
swift fliers as the Sphingidse. In the Cossidae, however, the insertion
of the scales is not so regular. The pectinations are well supplied
over their whole surface with sense-hairs of the third type. They
are more abundant, however, on the ventral aspect. The pectina-
tions arise from the ventral aspect of the shaft, but a curious devel-
opment in Zeuzera pyrini gives them the appearance of having
migrated dorsad as in some of the highly specialized forms. A
transverse, elevated, rounded ridge connects the bases of the pecti-
nations of each segment and causes them to appear as a single con-
tinuous growth, joined to the shaft at right-angles. Prioiioxystas
robiniae presents an unusual arrangement of depressions containing
sense-hairs. They lie just dorsad of the bases of the pectinations
and extend out for a certain distance upon them. There is a con-
siderable variability in this family in the supply of cones. Zeuzera
pyrini has as many as two on some of the segments, while Prio-
noxystus robini(e has only an occasional one. In none of the species
are the cones highly develo})ed.
The EucLEiDyE. — The antenme of members of this family present
in some respects an unusual condition. Regarded as a whole, they
are as generalized as any of the Frenatai, but they possess cones which
show a considerable degree of development. The base is almost
entirely clothed with long, narrow scales mingled with many shoi'ter
and broader ones. In Euclea querceti every part of the surface is
covered. The clavola, also, is closely covered, except on the ventral
aspect, with broader scales, which, by their loose and irregular man-
ner of insertion, indicate a very low degree of specialization. In
Lymacodes Y-inversa even the ventral surface of the shaft bears
numerous scales. In the pectinate forms the pectinations are heavily
ANTENNiE OF LEPIDOPTERA. 33
clothed, even to tlioir distal ends, where the scales from three sides
unite to form a thick tuft extending- beyond the end. The pectina-
tions are ventral, and at or near the distal edge of the segments.
Euclea querceti is peculiar in having the ])ectinations of the ce])halic
side of the antennte flattened and nearly us broad as the length of
the segments, of which tlu'y form a part. We find in the Eucleidae
au unexpected development of cones. They are long and slender,
and are often several pointed at the apex as in the jNIegalopygidie,
Fig. 43. Some species have several to a segment. In the jjectinate
forms the cones have migrated to the apices of the pectinations,
where they are protected by the thick tufts of scales before men-
tioned. Pits are very rare, seldom more than one or two to a seg-
ment, and then only on a few segments. I have been unable to find
any in Euclea querceti.
The antennie of the Euclcida* differ markedly from those of the
Cossidse and Psychidie. Though not supplied with numerous sense-
hairs of the second type, they resemble the antennae of the Megalo-
pvgida? quite closely. A similarity of the surface covering; of the
character of the cones ; and, whei-e they occur, of the pits also,
indicate a relationship between the two.
The Pyromorpitid.e. — The Pyromorphida3 have a characteristic
form of antenna which can be easily recognized. The segments of
the clavola are not enlarged towards their distal ends, and in some
forms are even gradually contracted near the joints. The pectina-
tions are comparatively short, are cylindrical and almost clavate in
form, and are contracted at their bases where they meet the shaft,
so much so that they appear to be articulated with it. The base is
thickly clothed with broad, deeply emarginate scales, and the dorsal
and lateral surfaces of the shaft and pectinations of the clavola also
are covered with a thick coat of scales arranged irregularly. On
the pectinations the surface of the chitin is divided into a series of
irregular imbricated plates with their surfaces broken up into points
which give the appearance of longitudinal striatious. Both the
chitin and the scales are quite heavily pigmented with dark brown
or black, and this in addition to the irregularity of the surface nudges
it difhcult to see as clearly as desirable. I have been unable to find
any cones in these forms, but am not at all certain that they do not
occur. Pits are present, and are broad and shallow, with convex
bottoms and short, pointed rods rising from their rounded apices.
Hairs of the first type are ])articularly abundant, and there are a
few of the second.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (5) FEBRUARY, 1896
34 donaldson bodine.
The Specialized Frenat^.
The Specialized Frenat?e are divided into two groups : the Micro-
frenatfe and tlie iNIacrofrenatre. The Microfrenata include those
moths in which " the anal area of the hind wings is not reduced,
having usually three anal veins, except in certain minute forms where
a broad fringe has been substituted for the membrane of this area."
The group comprises the superfamilies Pyralidina, Tortricina, Tineina
and the family Sesiidie. The antenme of the members of this group,
w'ith the exception of the Sesiidie, are quite constant in structure,
and can generally be separated from any other Lepidoptera wdth
great ease. The only forms which might cause any difficulty are
among the Geometrina in the family Sterrhidse. The separation of
certain species of the genus Acidalia from the Microfrenatse will re-
quire some experience on the part of the analyst, nevertheless the
antennse of the Microfrenatse, with the exception noted above, indi-
cate that the group is a definite one.
We are unable to find constant structural characters in the an-
tenna3 which are peculiar to the several families constituting the
group. There are characters, however, which throw much light upon
their relationships. Tiie antenna of a Pyrausta oxydalk may be
taken as typical of the Pyralidina. The clavola is long, slender and
filifonn, composed of many segments all of which are quite similar.
Where there is any dissimilarity, the segments of the proximal por-
tion are not so specialized for the increase of the sensitive surface,
but are better adapted for the support of the distal portion. Fig.
47 represents a typical segment. The arrangement of scales, the
position of the cones, the pits with their conspicuous circle of guard-
ing i)oints, the ventral expansion of the segments, all are features
prac'tically constant in the whole superfamily ; in fact, with little
modification of some ])arts, they are constant in all three super-
families. The constant and ])eculiar character of the three super-
families, however, is the division of the chitin surface into areas by
thin })lates normal to the surfiice. The peculiarity of the condition
in the Microfrenata^ is that, however the shape of the included areas
may be varied, the bounding plates are continuous, and the general
surface remains even, see Figs. 34, 35 and 36. As already stated, I
believe the difierent shaped areas are all modifications of the hex-
agonal form and represent difiereiices in degree only, not in kind ;
yet as a rule, the limits of each sui)erfamily are sufficiently separated
ANTENNAE OF LEPIDOPTERA. 35
in degree to make the use of this character practicable in taxononiic
work. The hexagonal form is characteristic of the Pyralidina, see
Fig. 34. Among the Tortricina the lengthening process has begun,
and the foi-m shown in Fig. 35 is characteristic. Even where little
elongation has taken place, the areas are much more irregular, and
many of them have sharp angles in their outlines, which are not
found among the Pyralidina. In the Tineina the i)rocess has been
carried much farther and the form shown in Fig. 3() is characteristic.
So far as I have examined, none of the Pyralidina has areas of the
second or third form ; none of the Tortricina has areas of the third
form. The only liability of error in the use of this as a recognition
character is due to the fact that in a few forms a heavy coating of
scales has I'etarded the progress of the development, and we may
find a Tortricid with a surface like a Pyralid, or possibly a Tiueid
with a surface like a Tortricid or a Pyralid. These cases, however,
are rare, and where they do occur, there is usually some other char-
acter, such as the long, clavate scape so common among the Tineids,
which will make it possible to separate the forms. There are many
variations in the antennse of the Microfrenatpe. The peculiar modifi-
cation of segments and scales near the middle of the clavola of the
male Desmia fiineralis, Fig. 29, the crest of scales along the base of
the clavola of the male Laodamia fusca, and of certain of the Tineids,
the strange, tufted, membranous expansion of the scape among the
Epipaschiinse, Fig. 28, are examples of some of these variations, but
the main structural characters remain the same even in these forms.
Thei'e are a few points of structure in connection with some of the
families of this group which are worthy of mention. Among the
Cranibidse, the ventral expansion is greater than in the other iami-
lies. It reaches an extreme in Cramhus mutabilis. Fig. 21, and re-
sembles the form so common among the Sphingidre. The antenna;
of the Pterophoridie and the Orneodidie show a wide difi'erence in
their structure. Those of the former family are distinctly of the
Pyralid type, while the latter are just as distinctly of the Tineid
type. I believe a further study of the characters of other organs
will prove the Orneodidte to be more closely related to the Tineids
than to either the Pyralids or the Tortricids. The surface marking
is Tineid in form, and the scape has the long and slightly clavate
shape so common among the Tineids.
The antennre of the Sesiidte, which we have excepted from the
statements made of the Microfrenata;, are distinctly diflferent in
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. FEBRUARY, 1896
36 DONALDSON BODINE.
structural features and in general appearance from all others of the
group. Mr. Butler* expressed the view that the Sesiidse in their
antennal characters are closely allied to the Pyralids and Tineids,
and not at all to the Sphinxes, especially to the genus Hemaris. He
believes that they should be placed between the Pyralids and the
Tineids. Every feature he mentions, however, as characteristic of
the Sesiidse, and not found in the genus Hemaris can be paralleled
in the Sphingidse, even in the genus Hemaris. Hemaris hovihyli-
formis was used by him for the comparison. I have not seen that
species, but Hemaris thysbe presents the very characters he describes
and figures in Sphecia, except that in both cases the "pencil of rigid
hairs" is really composed of rigid scales. Lord Walsingham has
already pointed out that Mr. Butler was mistaken in his description
of the similarity of structures in the Tineids and Sesiids ; and we
cannot adopt the view that the antennae indicate that the proper
position of the Sesiids is between the Pyralids and the Tineids. The
close resemblance in structure and form in the antennse of the
Sesiids and the Sphinxes certainly points to a genetic relationship.
The large, compressed ventral expansion, the fusiform or clavate
shape, the peculiar distribution of sense-hairs of the third type, tlie
relative size, development, and position of the cones, the tuft of long,
slender, rigid scales, projecting from tlie distal segment, the character
of the chitin surface, are all features connnon to both the Sesiids and
Sphinxes, and no other forms known to me possess the wliole com-
bination of characters. The condition of the Sesiids' antennie is less
highly specialized than we find it among the Sphinges; the speciali-
zation does not differ materially in extent from that of the other
Microfrenata), but it has ))roceeded further in certain directions ; so,
while the family is proj)erly classed with the Microfrenatie, I believe
it at the same time represents an ofiTshoot of the branch which later
on gave, rise to the Sphingidse. Figs. 49 and 46 represent segments
of the clavolas of Sannina exitiosa and Daremma undulosa. Note
that the arrangement of the sense-hairs of the third type on the wide,
compressed, ventral expansion in Sannina is further developed in
Daremma till there is a large semicircle, within which there are sense-
organs.
The e is of course a possibility that the great similarity of appear-
ance, and-' even of structure of an organ may arise from similarity
in environment and in the conditions of life, but in the case of the
» Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1878. p. 121.
ANTEXNiE OF LEPIDOPTERA. 37
Sesiids and Sphinxes the resemblances are more than superficial ;
they are as marked in the microscopic as in the macroscopic charac-
ters, and it is difficult to believe that such forms could arise unless
there was some genetic relationship.
The Specialized MACROFRENATiE.
The Specialized ]Macrofrenata3 includes " certain moths and all
skippers and butterflies. In these insects the anal area of tlie hind
wing is reduced, containing only one or two anal veins." This divi-
sion is again divided into two subdivisions : the Frenuluin-conservers
and the Frenulum-losers. The first subdivision contains those moths
in which the frenulum has been retained, while the second contains
forms " in which the frenulum has been supplanted by a greatly
extended humeral area of the hind wings." In a few members of
the first group we find no frenulum, l)ut it has evidently been lost
late in the life of the species, as closely allied specialized forms still
retain it. "Among the Frenulum-losers," on the other hand, "the
loss of the frenulum occurs while the race is still in a very general-
ized condition, no trace of a frenulum being found among these in-
sects, except a rudiment in the inost generalized forms {Bombyx,
Cidnmis).'' Thus the two subdivisions really represent two distinct
lines of descent v/hich separated far back in the history of the races,
and are not simply arbitrary groups based on the presence or absence
of a single character, as has been understood by some authors.
The Frexulum-coxservers. — Among the frenulum-conservers
we find moths with highly specialized antennae From the very fact
of their great develo})mcnt we might fairly expect to find consider-
able variation even in small groups ; and such is the case. A feature
whicli is characteristic of the whole group is the specialized condition
of the chitinous surface of the clavola. The perpendicular planes
on the surface are not everywhere continuous, and usually the gen-
eral surface slopes up to the top of the plane on one side and pre-
sents an appearance such as is represented in Figs. 87 or 33. In the
filiform antenme of each family there is not so much difficulty in
finding characteristic structures, but when the highly pectinate forms
are studied the problem becomes more difficult. The greatest varia-
tion occurs among the Geometrina. There we find somr forms
scarcely more specialized than many of the jNIicrofrenuta? ; and
others, as highly specialized as any of the Frenulum-conservers.
The following table will serve to separate the antennae of this group
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. FEBRUARY. 1896.
38 DONALDSON BODINE.
as far as I have been able to study them, and, unless it be among
some of the Geometrina, I believe it will be found to hold for all the
forms of our fauna. In order to serve for both filiform and pecti-
nate antenuic, the table has to be practically double. Many charac-
ters which would be practicable for separation of filiform antennae,
either become obliterated or are seen with such difficulty when the
forms become pectinate, that other separation characters must be
found. In many cases also, two forms may be very unlike in ap-
pearance and even in structure, but at the same time be very difficult
to distinguish by means of a descri])tion. The following table is
constructed for the classification of the antennre of males, but in
most cases it will serve for the females also. The characters used
are selected because they are what seemed the best recognition char-
acters and not because they best represent the most essential differ-
ences in structural features.
THE FRENULUM-CONSERVERS.
A. Hairs of second type absent, or hut little developed.
B. Antenna filiform.
C. Hairs of third type absent; or, if present, with no definite arrangement
D. Cones large and on many segments.
E. Scape large, twice the diameter of pedicel. . .CYMATOPHORID^.
EE. Scape small, but little larger than pedicel GEOMETRINA.
DD. Cones small, and on few segments THYRIDID^.
CC. Hairs of third type inserted regularly.
D. In a single row along the distal and proximal edges of ventral expan-
sion GEOMETRINA.
DD. In a semicircle opening veutrad (see Figs. 46 and 50).
E. Ventral expansions shortening ventrad, not equal to the segment in
length NOTODONTID^.
EE. Ventral expansion not shortening ventrad, equal to the segment in
length, so as to ciiuse the end of the clavola to be recurved.
SPHINGID^
BB. Antenna pectinate.
C. Ventral ex])ansion of the segment very large, extending ventrad of the
bases of the pectinations SPHINGID.^.
CC. Ventral expansion not extending far ventrad of the bases of the pecti-
nation.s.
D. Single hair of second type near middle of dorsal aspect of pectinations
of the cephalic side DREPANID.S3.
DD. Without hair of second type as in D.
E. Cones on ventral asjiect of shaft, not on pectinations.
F. Pectinations on distill half of segment GEOMETRINA.
FF. Pectinations on proximal half of segments DIOPTID.^.
EE. Cones at apex of pectinations, or beginning a migration out upon
them.
F. Clavola pectinate to distal end NOTODONTID^.
FF. Clavola filiform at disUil end GEOMETRINA.
ANTENNAE OF LEPIDOPTERA. 39
AA. Hairs of second type present and well devoloi)ed.
B. Antenna filiform.
C. Hairs of third type absent.
D. Some hairs of second type on ventro-distal edge of sepments.
GEOMBTRINA.
DD. Hairs of second tyjie not present as in D AGABISTIDJ3.
CC. Hairs of third tyjjc present.
D. Hairs of third type without definite arrangement.
E. Hairs nearly straight, segments of usual shape ARCTHD.^.
EE. Hairs strongly curved, segments swollen, almost sul)glol)ose.
LITHOSHD^.
DD. Hairs of third type inserted iu rows, usually on the compressed ven-
tral expansion in a semicircle opening ventrad.
E. Ventral expansion narrow and slightly compressed. GEOMETRINA.
EE. Ventral expansion large and usually compressed. . . .NOCTUID.^.
BB. Antenna pectinate.
0. Pectinations relatively short.
D. Scai)e large, twice the diameter of pedicel NOCTUID^Sj.
DD. Scai)e small, little larger in diameter than pedicel- • • .ZYG.ffiNID^.
CC. Pectinations long and well develoi)ed.
D. Cones small, or apparently wanting PERICOPID.^.
DD. Cones easily seen.
E. Cones on shaft, or, if on pectinations, the latter have a single, strong
hair of second type directly at the ajicx.
F. Pectinations of cephalic and caudal sides subequal.
GEOMETRINA.
FF. Pectinations of caudal side longer ARCTIID.^.
EE. Cones on pectinations, the latter with two strong hairs of second
type at the ai>ex.
F. Cones very short ZYGiENlD^.
FF. Cones large LYM ANTRIID^.
The extent of my study and the limits of this thesis will not per-
mit me to discuss each family of the Frenulum-conservers, but cer-
tain features are especially worthy of note. The evidences presented
by antennal structures which might point to some relationships dif-
ferent from those shown in the classification of Professor Comstock
are as follows : The antennte of the Cymatophoridje and the Thy-
rididie seem to be closely related, and neither of them are widely
separated from the higher forms of the Pyralidina. The antennae,
therefore, would seem to indicate a lower position for these families
than that now assigned them. The antennie of the Dioptidte are
very close to those of the Notodontidie. The pectinations are more
higlily developed in the former, but the cones have not even begun
to migrate along the pectinations. Instead of that, they are situated
upoTi slight ventral elevations of the segnients between and a little
cephalad of the bases of the pectinations. In the Notodontidse, the
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. FEBKUAEV, 189ti.
40 DONALDSON BODINE.
cones have begun to migrate as in Nerice bidentata, where they have
only reached a point near the bases of the pectinations, or they have
ah'eady reached the apex as in Cerurci cinerea, or Icthyura inclusa.
The antennae of the Noctuidse, Lymantriidse, Agaristidse and Peri-
copidse, are very similar in structure. There is a closer relation be-
tween the Noctuidte and the Againstidse and between the Lyman-
triidse and the Pericopidae than exists in any other arrangement of
the families. The Pericopid?e also present many points of resem-
blance to the Zygaenidse, especially to the more generalized forms.
The Zygienidte, however, seem to be most closely related to the Py-
romorphidse among the Generalized Freuat?e. Without any doubt,
they belong where they are placed, high up among the Frenulum-
conservers ; therefore, I believe they are the ends of the branch,
which, at an earlier time, gave rise to the Pyromorphid?e. Certain
of the Deltoid Noctuids exhibit a strong resemblance to the Pyralids.
They are of a higher type of structure however. One group, in-
cluding Herminia, Pityolita, Zauclognatha, Renla, etc., have a pecu-
liar modification near the middle of the clavola, which at once sug-
gests the condition of things in Desmia funeralis. In Herminia
morhidalis there are simply a couple of spurs on the ventral part
of a segment. The greatest development is reached in Renia re-
strictalis. Fig. 28 represents this highly specialized organ in this
species. The antennje of the Sphingidie resemble, in some features,
those of the Notodontidre and the Noctuidse, but they are prob-
ably most closely related genetically to the Sesiidse, and are repre-
sentatives of a later development from the same branch. The
Sphinx antenna shows as high a degree of specialization in certain
directions as any of the moths. The Saturniina have more com-
plicated pectinations, but that kind of a development is particu-
larly adapted to their conditions of life. Among the swiftly
flying Sphinxes such antennte would be unwieldy and very liable
to injury. Here we find a specialization imich better fitted for
habits of swift flight. Instead of long and numerous pectinations,
we find greatly developed ventral expansions. The antenna of
Daremma undulosa is a good example of the type ; Fig. 46 repre-
sents one of the segments of the clavola. The scape is short and
very stout ; the pedicel also is short and stout, and is especially
well supplied with the peculiar sense apparatus common to all forms ;
the clavola is large, and its shaft is heavier than in any other Lep-
idoptera ; it is well protected by an abundance of scales on the
AXTENX.T? OK LKITDOPTKKA. 41
dorsal aspect, and it bears on its ventral aspect wide expansions,
considerably compressed. These have hairs of the third type ar-
ranged on their sides in a semicircle with its opening directed ven-
trad. Within the semicircle is an abundance of pits and rods. The
ventral expansions are as long as the segments which bear them,
and n(>ar the apex of the clavola, where the shaft is smaller in (U.ini-
eter, they cause it to be more or less recnirved, as we find it among
the Hosperiina. In some of the pectinate forms, e. g., Snieruithus
(jeiiiiiKititx, the ventral expansions are well developed and extend far
ventrad of the bases of the {)eetinations. Such forms are found
among those members of the groiq) which are not so swift in flight
as the other Sphingidje.
The evidence of the antennte in all these cases just noted is
neither clear enough nor strong enough in itself to warrant any
change in the classification, but it may suggest the direction of work
on other organs. For the relationships of the larger groups, I do
not believe the antenuje furnish as good guides as do other organs.
For, while they are subject to great variation by reason of the pe-
culiar habits and environment of the particular genus or species,
the}' do not afford a sufficiently large basis for variation to leave
a stable and constant ground-work for the tracing out of the paths
by which the specializations are brought about. In smaller groups
they are of great value. The best example of this is perhaps to be
seen among the Saturniina in the Fi-enulum-losers. They are often
of value also when other organs seem to be constant in a number of
forms, e. r/., in the Xoctuidae, Agaristidre, Pericopidae and Lyman-
triidie, the wing structures are pretty constant, but the antennal
structures show considerable variation and afford characters to dis-
tinguish the groups.
The FRENULtrM-LOSERS.
The FiTiiulum-losers include the Saturniina, Lacosoniid;e, Lasio-
campidse anumg the moths, and the superfamilies Hesperiina and
Papilionina comprising the skijjpers and butterflies. The following
table will serve to separate the anteniue of the males of this group.
THE FRENULUM-LOSERS.
A. Antenna pectinate.
B. Pectinations ventral.
C. Pectinations of at least the cephalic side not extending to the apex of the
clavola SATURNIINA.
CC. Pectinations extending to the a])ex.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (6) MARCH, 1896.
42 DONALDSON BODINE.
D. Pectinations scaled on dorsal aspect LACOSOMID^.
DD. Pectinations not scaled LASIOCAMPID^.
BB. Pectinations dorsal SATURNHNA.
AA. Antenna clavate or falcate.
B. Clavola usually prolonged beyond the club, segments with some ventral
expansion, often causing a recurving of the clavola beyond the
club HESPERIINA.
BB. Clavola not prolonged beyond the club, segments without appreciable
ventral exjjansion PAPILIONINA.
The most generalized antenna of this group belongs to the family
Lacosomidaa. It bears a close resemblance to the antenna of the
Bombycidse and the Lasiocampidae. In all three families the pecti-
nations are long and slender, and arise from the ventral a,spect of
the segments. They are abundantly supj)lied with hairs of the
third type and have pits along the dorsal aspect, especially near
the apex of the pectinations. In the Lacosomidse the pectinations
are scaled, and there are fewer pits along the dorsal aspect. A
study of the antennae alone would lead to the belief that the Bom-
bycidse were more closely related to the Lacosomida; than to the
other Saturniina. In fact, there is such a wide difference between
the antennse of the first and those of the last two families of the
Saturniina, that the first family would not be placed in the same
superfamily were the classification based on those organs. The
superfiiniily as now constituted includes the Bombycidie, Hemileu-
cidae, Citheroniidie and Suturniidie. The antennte of the members
of the grouj) may be separated by the following table :
SATURNIINA.
A. Pectinations ventral, single ])air to a segment BOMBYCID-^.
AA. Pectinations dorsal.
B. Single pair to a segment HBMILEUCID-^.
BB. Two pairs to a segment.
C. Distal portion of clavola filiform CITHERONIID^.
CC. Qavola pectinate throughout SATURNIID.ZB.
The Bombycidic are the least specialized of the Saturnians, and
probably represent a branch which long ago separated from the one
that produced the other families. The pectinations are well devel-
0})ed, but they are ventral, and there is only a single pair to a seg-
ment. The pectinations are well sup[)lied with hairs of the third
type, and the shaft also bears them for the width of the space be-
tween the bases of the pectinations. A rather unexi)ected fact is
that the antenme of the female are nearly as well developed as those
ANTENNAE OF LKPIDOPTERA. 43
of the males, while in most of the other Satuniiimi they are much
less specialized.
The Hemileuriche ('xliil)it a line of (level()i)mciit distinct from that
of the Bombycidie ou the one hantl in having the pectinations dorsal
instead of ventral, and from the Citheroniidte and Saturniidie on
the other in having a single pair of pectinations to a segment. Thus
it ap])ears that they belonged to the branch which produced the
latter families after it had separated from the branch giving rise to
the Bombycidce.
The ('itheroniidie and the Saturniidie have followed the same line
of development in that they botii have two })airs of dorsal pectina-
tions to a segment. The first family has not progressed so far as the
second ; its members do not have their antenme pectinate throughout.
The antennte (}f these families show a high degree of <levelopment
also in the arrangement of the hairs of the third type. The spaces
between the pectinations are nearly filled by long, interlacing hairs,
which are regularly arranged in a distinct line of from two to three
rows extending continuously from the apex of one pectination along
the dorso-lateral surface of the segment to the apex of the other
pectination of the same side. Fig. 54 represents the arrangement
in I)ri/ocampa rubicunda. Still another feature showing remarkable
development of sense-organ., is exhibited in the higher forms, espe-
cially in Tropcea and Sum la of the Saturniidte. This is the nmlti-
plication of cones. While in nearly all other moths cones are
limited to one or at most two to a segment, we here find them liter-
ally heaped up on the ventro-distal edge of the segments of the
distal portion of the antennse ; and on the pectinations also there
are often several either at the apex or along the i)ectination at va-
rious intervals. Fig. 7 shows this condition in the antenna of Tropcea
luna.
The family Saturniidie is interesting in the series of form it pre-
sents. The genera Coloradia, Automeris, Callosaturnia, Tropcea,
Telea, Callosamia, Philosamia and Samia, present a regular and
progressive series. The following table will serve to separate the
antenn;o of the members of this family :
SATURNIID^.
A. Antenuse of female with single pair of i)eclinations to a segment.
B. Antennaj of male with distal pair of pectinations shorter than the iiroximal.
C. Distal pair not more than half the k'ligth of the i>roximal.. .Coloradia.
CC. Distal pair but little shorter Automeris.
TR.^NS. .^M. ENT. SOC. XXIII. M.\RCH, 1896
44 DONALDSON BODINE.
BB. Anteniife of male with distal ami proximal pairs of pectinations suhtM[ual.
Calosatui'nia.
AA. Antennre of both sexes with two paii"s of iiectinations to a segment.
B. Proximal and distal pairs subetjual in male, distal pair shorter in the female.
C. Distal pair of female very short, without haire of tlie second type-Telea.
CC. Distal pair of moderate lensrth with hairs of second type Tropsea.
BB. Proximal and distal pairs suhequal in both sexes.*
C. Distal pair of pectinations of female shorter than, or only equal to, the
proximal on the proximal segments.
D. Distal pair wanting in a few distal segments Callosamia.
DD. Distal pair present, at least in rudiments, to the distal end- . .Samia.
CC. Distal ])air of pectinations of female longer than the proximal on the
imtximal segments Philosamia.
There is a gradual progression in complexity of development from
Colomdia on the one hand, to Samia or Philosamia on tlie other.
The females of Coloradia, Automeris and Callosaturnin, have a sin-
gle pair of pectinations to a segment, while those of the other genera
have two pairs. The males of tlie first two geuera have the distal
pair shorter, while the other have the two pairs subequal. There is
also a gradual increase in both sexes from one end of the series to
the other in the number and position of the cones. In Samia there
is not only an abiuidauce on tlie shaft, but many are on the pecti-
nations of the distal portion of the clavola. There is some doubt
as to whether S-tmia or P/ii/o.'<amia should be considered tlie higlier
form. The male Samia is more highly developed tlian llie male
Philosamii ; bat on the other hand, the female Samia is less devel-
oped than the female Phllo^tmia. I believe that now Ssmii is the
higher form, and that it has outstripped Phihsamia in specialization
in comparatively recent times. If the females lag behind the males,
as seems most probable, the condition we find in the two genera
would indicate that the male Philosamia has been long enough fixed
to allow the female to approach it in specialization ; while in Samia
the male is even now progressing in complexity, and the female has
not had time to ajiproiich it in development. There are many indi-
cations in the anteunie of Samia which point to its recent or even
present progress. The pectinations are not well established in form
and position ; the cones are variable in position ; even the segmen-
tation is more or less indefinite in portions of the clavola.
* The genus Satiimia belongs somewhere in this sectioii. It is represented in
the United State.? by a single rare species. R galbiua. and no specimen i.s at hand
for study. The descriptions of the insect are too indefinite on points relating to
the antenuie to he of any value. au,l it is necesi^ary. therefore, to omit this genus
from the table.
ANTENNA OF LEPIDOPTERA. 45
The Hespcriina and Papilionina are widely separated from the
other Lepidoptera. The anteiiiue show that they, with the other
Frenatse, probably branched off from the Jugatae very early. The
character of the chitinons surface of the clavola allies them to the
Frenatie and at the same time the absence of cones in all forms shows
that they branched off from tiie other Frenatse before the origin of
those organs. That the cones have been present, and have subse-
quently disappeared in all skippers and butterflies, is scarcely con-
ceivable ; that these organs have originated many times in the other
Frenatse is equally difficult to believe ; we must conclude, therefore,
that the cones originated early in the history of the Frenatie, but
that the Hesperiina and Pajiilionina separated from the Frenate
stem before that origin. It is certain also that the Hes})eriina and
PajMlionina separated from a stem-form conniion to the two. The
ventral ex])ansion producing the hook in so many members of the
former superfamily is probably a development brought about after
the separation took place. Most forms of the Hesperiina have a less
abrupt club than do the butterflies. The clavola thickens more
gradually from the proximal end, and it is often produced in a taper-
ing point at the apex beyond the club proper. In most other respects
the antennje of the two forms present many common characters.
The Hesperiid antenna is not so highly developed as those of the
other superfamily. Both in the organs they possess and in the struc-
ture of the whole antenna, they exhibit a lower degree of speciali-
zation. The aiitennte are inserted far apart, while in the Papilionina
they are nearer together. The recurved hook so characteristic in
such forms as Epar(jyreu>i titynns, Fig. 4, our most common large
skipper, does not occur in all forms. Megathi/inan yiuxtt, another
ski{)per of about the same size, but belonging to another family,
lacks the hook, and there is only a slight curving of the end of the
clavola, not more than is seen in some of the butterflies. In such
forms, however, the ventral expansion is a feature which distinguishes
them from the Papilionina.
The Papilionina includes the Pajjilionidie, Pieridic, Lycsenidie and
Nym})hali(Ue. The Papilionina' rei)resents one line resulting from a
dichotomous division of the stem-form of the Pai)ilionina, and the
three other families represent the other. The members of the sub-
family Papilioninie have developed a type of antenna quite different
in some respects from that of the other forms. This confirms one
of tiie most important changes made in the older classifications ])y
TRANS. AM. EXT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH. ISyb.
46 DONALDSON BODINE.
that of Professor Coiiistock — the separation of the Pieridie from the
Pupiliouidse and association of them with the Nymphalidse and Ly-
csenidre, while the Papilionidse are left standing alone, except for the
few almost archaic forms representing the Parnassians. Instead of
scales and pits along the clavola as in the Nymphalidre, or scales
alone as in most of the members of the other families, there are in
the Papilioninre no scales distad of the first segment of the clavola,
but there is an abundance of short hairs or rods which no doubt
serve as sense organs, and possibly serve to compensate for the scar-
city of well-developed pits of the usual type. The sense organs are
scattered over the whole surface of the clavola with considerable
regularity, and the lack of scales is doubtless due to their large de-
velopment. In the Parnassiime we find the same short hairs or rods,
but instead of extending over the whole surface of the clavola, they
are confined to a more limited area along the distal portion. The
Parnassians are doubtless nearer the stem form of the Papilionina
than are the Papilioninse. There are only four species, comprising
a single genus, in the fauna of North America, and from their gen-
eral structure they are regarded as a not very highly developed
group. They have a thick covering of scales over the clavola, at
least on the dorsal aspect, but the presence of the short hairs allies
them to the Papilioninse and separates them from the other families
of butterflies. The antennae of the Papilionidse, then, indicate that
they are distinct from the other butterflies, and that they are less
highly specialized.
I am unable to find any definite characters in the antennje them-
selves which are constant for the separate families, and which will
separate the Pieridre, Lyca?nida3 and Nymphalidte. The Pieridie,
however, differ from the Lyctenidse in the insertion of their antennae.
In the former the antennjie do not infringe upon the eyes, while in
the latter family, at least, the sockets do encroach upon the eyes.
The Nyraphalidae have the most highly organized antennae of all
the butterflies. They are abundantly supplied with well-developed
pits. The clavola has pits upon the ventral surface even to the
proximal segment in some forms, and there are other indications that
these forms express the highest antennal development among the
butterflies.
It would perhaps be futile to compare the antennas of the skip])ers
and butterflies with those of the moths. There is a wide difference
between the structure and the organs of the antennae of two such
ANTENNAE OF LEPIDOPTKUA. 47
extreme forms as Satnia cecropla ami EuvdHexm antiopa, but that
each is best adapted to the other structures and to the life habits of
the possessoi", and is most efficient in supplyin^j the needs of its ex-
istence, is perhaps un(|uesti()ned. Samia cecrojna is chiefly nocturnal ;
even in closely allied diurnal forms, such as Callosaviia promdhea,
vision a})pears to be of little service as a j^uide to the motion of the
moth ; and in such forms \\c find a higher degree of development
in pectinations which bear an abundance of long sense-hairs of the
third type. Eiivanessa and the skippers and butterflies in general
ajDpear to have excellent vision, and in no case do they have pecti-
nations or sense-hairs of the third type. The pits and rods, how-
ever, which are common to all families of the LejDidoptera, reach a
higher developnient in Euvanessa than in Samia. We may assert,
then, with a fair degree of confidence that the antennae of the but-
terflies are more limited in their functions, but that within the limits
of their scope they are more efficient.
SUMMARY.
The character of the subject of this thesis makes it difficult to
sunnnarize the results of th(^ work. The niore important features,
however, may be noticed under the following numbers:
1. jNIuscles in the head move the scape ; muscles in the scape move
the pedicel ; distad of the scape no muscles have been demonstrated,
and the clavola is therefore capable of motion in itself only when
acted upon by some external force causing a flexure and a subsequent
extension.
2. Besides organs for protection, there are at least six types of
sense organs situated in the antennae, and all but one are developed
from a simple sense-hair inserted at the ectal end of a pore-canal
through which it is connected with a multinuclear sense-cell.
3. The antennae doubtless function as sense organs of touch, smell
and hearing, altliough those senses are not subject to the same limi-
tations as in the higher animals and may be considerably diflerent
in their range of perception. '
4. T!ie antenme show that all Lepidoptera are descended from
one primitive stem form, of which we may preilicate the more essen-
tial features of structure.
5. The evohition of ventral expansions, of pectinations, of the
chitinous surface, of the sense organs shows an increasing differen--
tiation of structure following the demand for increasing specialization
of function.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MAECH. 1896.
48 DONALDSON BODINE.
n. In the more essential features, the evidence of the antennae of
all the families of the Lepidoptera confirms the provisional classifi-
(jation based upon the wing structures, though in a number of cases
it indicated a change in the relationships of some of the families.
These arc indicated in the chapter on the discussion of the families.
CONCLUSION.
The work carried on upon the antennte of the Lepidoptera proves
that these organs are worthy of more extended study. Aside from
the great interest which attaches to them as the most specialized
sense organs, their value as records of the descent of families is very
considerable in taxonomic work. In the determination of the I'ela-
tionships of the larger groups, they do not furnish as good guides as
some of the larger organs, for while they are subject to great varia-
tion, they do not afford a sufficiently large basis for variation to
leave a stable and constant ground-work for the tracing out of the
patlis by which the specializations are brought about. As supple-
menting the evidence of the wings they are valuable. This thesis
has dealt only with the relationships of families and superfamilies,
but there is a large field for work within these groups, and in many
cases the antennre will be found most important in taxonomic work.
Owing to the difficulty of observation and the necessity for especial
preparation, they afford few characters which would be practicable
for recognition characters in ordinary systematic work, but for the
more careful and painstaking work of the study of relationships
they are of great value.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
The following is a pretty complete bibliography of the subject of
the antenme of the Lepidoptera. Most of the works referred to are
upon the histology of tlie organs, or upon the question of the })hysio-
logical signilicance of the antenuiie. So far as I have been able to
discover, nothing has been done with the comparative study of dif-
ferent families. A few of tlie works given have not been at my
conunand, and they are given from references made to them by other
authors.
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ANTEXNiE OK LEPIDOPTKRA. 49
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XVI. J). 2.3.
Metamorphoses, Moeurs, et Instincts des Insectes. Paris, 1868.
Blix. — Exper. Beit. z. Losung d. Frage ii. d. Specif. Energie d. Hautnerven, Zeit.
f. Biologic, 1884 and 1885.
Brandt, E. — Recherches anat. et morphol. sur les Systemes uerveux des Insectes.
The Entomologist, XII, ]ip. 291-293.
Remarks on the Comparative Anatomy of the Nervous System of Insects.
Trans, from C. R. XXI, pp. 935-7. Ann. Nat. Hist. (5), VII, pp. 71-73.
Butler, A. G. — On the Natural Affinities of the Lepidopterous family Aegeridaj.
Trans. Ent. Soc, 1878. Part II. p. 121.
Ghadima, Jos. — Ueber die von Leydig als Geruchsorgane bezeichneten Bilduu-
gen beiden Arthropoden. Mitteil d. naturwis. Ver. f. Steiermark. 1873, s.
36-44.
Chatin, J.— Les Organes des Sens dans la Serie Animale. Paris, 1880.
Child, Chas. M — Ein bi.sher wenig beachtetes antennales Sinnesorgan der In-
sekten, etc.. Zeit. f. w. Zool. Bd. 58, 1894, pp. 475-528.
Claparede, E. — Sur les pretendus Organes auditifs des Antennes chez les Cole
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2.50.
Clarke, L. W. — Newman's Remarks on the Antennte of Insects. Mag. Nat.
Hist. II, 1838.
Claus, C. — Ueber den acustischcn Ajiparat im Gehororgane der Heteropoden.
Archiv. f. Mic. Anat. 1878.
Comstock, J. H. — Evolution and Taxonomy. Wilder Quarter-Centurj' Book,
Ithaca, N. Y.
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Dar'wln, Charles. — Application of the Theoiy of Sexual Selection to Butterflies.
Nature, XXI, January, 1880, p. 237.
On the Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection. Am. Ed. New York,
1878.
Driesch. — Odorat des Insectes. Journal ITnstitut, 7 annee. No. 294, 1839.
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les Insectes. Actes d. 1. Soc. Linn., Bordeaux, 1850, T. 17, livr. 3 et 4.
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Duges, A. — Traite de Physiologic comparee de I'Homme et des Aniniaux.
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TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (7) MARCH, 1896.
50 DONALDSON BODINE.
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X, 1841.
Redexions sur I'Uaage des Ante.nnes daus les Insectes. Revue Zool., 1840.
Dyar. H. G. — A Classification of Lcpidopterous Larvae. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.,
Vol. VIII. May, 1894.
Ed-wards, H. — Notes on Noises made by Lepidoptera. Insect Life, II, pp. 11-15.
Edwards W. H. — Description of the preparatory stages of Arae (lahifhea Linn.,
with notes on certain Satyrinte. Canadian Entomologist, XXI, pp. 61-71
and 81-9.5.
The Butterflies of North America. Philadelphia, 1868-72, three vols.
Erichson — De Fahrica et Usu Antennarum in lasectis. Berlin, 1847.
Fallou, G — Male Lepidoptera anticipating emergence of female from cocoon.
Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr.. ser. 6. IX, p. cxxxi.
Fish, P. A. — A new Clearer for Collodionized Objects. Proc. Am. Micr. Soc. XY.
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Forel, Augviste. - Ex])eriences et Remarques critiques sur les Sensations des
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Appendices a mon Memoire sur les Sensations des Insectes Recueil Zool. Suisse.
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Etudes myrmecologiques en 1884 avec une Description des Orgaiies Sensoriels
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Fripp, H, E. — An Account of some Experiments on Insect Hearing. Proc.
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Geg-enbauer, C. — Elements of Comparative Anatomy. Eng. Ed. London, 1878.
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Graber, V. — Die chordotonalen Sinnesorgane nnd das Gehor der Insekten.
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antf:nn^ of lepidoptera. 51
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AXTENNiE OF LEPIDOPTERA. 53
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64
DONALDSON BODINE.
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DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES.
The figures were drawn l)y the author with a camera lucida and
a Leitz microscope, and a scale from a Ewell stage micrometer was
drawn by the side of the figure. All side views are placed on the
page with the distal end towards the left. The same reference
figures and numbers are used throughout.
Reference Figures and Numbers.
1. — Sense-hair of first type.
2. — Sense-hair of second type.
3. — Sense-hair of third type.
4. — Pit and rod.
5. — Cone.
6. — "Johnston's Organ."
ac. — axis-cylinder.
c. — sense-cell.
c. e. — compound eye.
ch. — chitin.
cl. — clypeus.
d. c. — dermal cell,
ep. — epicranium.
ge.— gena.
1. — labrum.
m. — muscle.
md . — mandible.
me. — membrane.
mx. — maxilla.
n. — nerve.
n. tr. — nerve-trunk.
oc. — occiput.
p. — pedicel.
pf. — pilifer.
pg. — postgena.
pi. — pal])!.
r. — rod.
so. — scale.
so. c. — scale-cup.
see. — scape.
su. — clypeal suture.
ANTENNA OF LEPIDOPTERA. 55
LIST OF FIGURES.
1. Antenna of % Micropteryx .semipnrpurella, ceplialic aspect.
2. Antenna of 9 IlcpUdm anjentnta, cephalic aspect.
3. Antenna of % Philommia cyuihia, dorsal as])ect.
4. Antenna of % Epargyreiis titynis, cephalic aspect.
5. Antenna of % Papilio polyxenes, cephalic aspect.
6. Antenna of % Ihmaris thysbe, cephalic aspect.
7. Apex of antenna of 9 Tropxa luna, ventral aspect; 5, cones on ventro-distal
edges of segments.
8. Apex of antenna of % Antomeris to, dorsal aspect.
9. 10. 11. Portions of antenna of a '^ Feltia subgolhica, ventral aspect; 9, near
apex ; 10, near niiddli- ; 11, hetwoen 9 and 10.
12. Part of transection of clavola of % Callosamia promethen, showing sense-hairs
of third type.
13. Part of transection of clavola of % Callosamia promethea, showing sense-hairs
of first type.
14. Part of longisection of clavola of % CaUommia promcfltea, showing sense-hair
of second type.
15. Part of transection of clavohi of % Callosamia prometheM, showing pit and rod.
16. Part of transection of scape of % Callosamia promethea, showing insertion of
scales.
17. Transection showing chitiuous i)arts of pit and rod in a % Pyrameis cnrdui.
18. Part of longisection of segment of clavola of % Callosamia promethea, showing
cone at ventro-distal edge.
19. Ventral half of longisection of scape and pedicel of % Callosamia promethea,
showing "Johnston's Organ" in the pedicel and the muscles in the scape.
20. Longisection of segment of antenna of % Callosamia promethea.
21. Portion of clavola of % Crambns miitabilis, cephalic aspect.
22. Portion of clavola of % Catocala cerogama, cephalic aspect.
23. Transection of clavola of Ti Callosamia promethea.
24. Portion of clavola of % Renia restrictalis, cephalic aspect.
25. Portion of clavola of % Phryganidea californica, ventral aspect.
26. Dorso-cephalic aspect of denuded head of % ><phinx chersis.
27. Portion of clavola of 'J> Zeuzera pyriiti, ventral aspect.
28. Proximal portion of %, l^aliida asperatella, caudal aspect.
29. Middle portion of clavola of % Desmia fnneralis, caxuhi] asiK^ct.
30. Distal end of pectination of % Xotolophus leiicostigma, showing character of
chitinons surface and long sense-liairs of second type, dorsal aspect.
31. Central aspect of cliitinons surface of pectination of % Xotolophus leiicostigma.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH. 1S96.
56 DONALDSON BODINE.
32. Dorsal aspect of chitinous surface of % Aiitomeris io.
33. Lateral aspect of chitinous surface of % Daremma nndulosa.
34. Chitinous surface of % Pyraunta oxydaUs.
35. Chitinous surface of % DicheUa sidfareana.
36. Chitinous surface of % Tinea dorsisfrigella.
37. Chitinous surface of "J, Centra cinerea.
38. Chitinous surface of % Hemileiica mam.
39. Chitinous surface of % Papilio polyxenes.
40. Fixed-hairs and scale-cups of % Micropteryx semipurpurelln.
41. Cone of % Samia cecropia.
42. Cone of % Theretra tersa.
43. Cone of % Megalopyge crispata.
44. Cone of % Endropia hypochrarhi.
45. Cone of % Pantographa lineata.
46. Segment of clavola of % Daremma undulosa, cephalic aspect.
47. Segment of clavola of % Pyrausta oxydalis, cephalic aspect.
48. Apex of clavola of % Sannina exitiosa, cephalic aspect.
49. Segment of clavola of % Sannina exitiosa, cephalic aspect.
50. Segment of clavola of % Datana minisfra, cephalic aspect.
51. Segment of clavola of % Micropteryx seppela f cerphalic asY>ect.
52. Segment of clavola of % Spilosoma virginica, cephalic aspect.
53. Segment of clavola of % Micropteryx semlpurpnrella, cephalic aspect.
54. Portion of clavola of % Dryocampa ruhieunda, cephalic aspect.
AMKRICAX APTERA. 07
NEW NORTH A.IIKKKW SI>II>KltS AXI> IIITES.
BY NATHAN HANKS.
OONOPID.E.
Hut one species of this faiuily Iui.s been described from our country,
(}r('hc--<fina saltitanx Bks., ii soft-bodied form. I now take pleasure
in adibn^- another species of tiie liai'd-bodied section.
CiraiiiaMOiiiorpIia floridana nov. sp. — Length -Z. nini. Kcddish yellow,
lefts i>:ilcr yolliiwish ; cciilKiUitli'irax once and a third as long as broad, narrow in
front, surfat-e imnctnlato exceiit in median region, which is bounded by a row of
bristles, (luite high in second third, convexly sloping to low clypeus, abrupt be-
hind ; a. ni. e. touching the slightly smaller p. s. e. ; p. m. e. larger, touching, but
well separated from s. e. ; posterior row distinctly recurved ; mandibles vertical,
with a swelling on the front neair base; maxillje inclined over the short lip ;
sternum a little longer than broad, broadly truncate between hind coxse, punc-
tulate, a bristle arising from each puncture; legs moderate, femora thickened at
base, no spines. Abdomen elliptical, once and a half as long as broad, wholly
covered above by a horny shield, and a large one on the venter from base to near
spinnerets, a circle at base of spinnerets, shields punctulate, each puncture giving
rise to a hair, ventral shield divided at lung-slits, and in the anterior portion are
two oblong red marks.
Two specimens from Punta Gorda, FUi. (Mrs. Slosson).
PHOLCIDiE.
I'lIOECOIMIORA nov. gen.
Group of Pholcese. Eight eyes ; posterior row moderately re-
curved, of about equal size, the m. e. their diameter apart, almost
touching the s. e. ; anterior row procured, the m. e. but little smaller
than the s. e., nearly contiguous, and but little farther from either
the a. s. e. or the p. m. e., but a trifle nearer to the former ; cepha-
lothorax broad, impressed, the pars cephalica slightly elevated and
rounded, eyes not on an elevation.
Closely related to Phtjxoc'ijcla>i, but in that genus the posterior row
of eyes i» straight, and the a. m. e. several times nearer to the a. s. e.
than to the p. m. c.
Pholcopliora aiuoricaua nov. sp.— Length 2.2 mm., femur i 1.8 mm.
Cephalothorax pale yellowish, darker on head, black spots around eyes; sternum
and legs pale dirty yellowish. Abdomen pale beneath, dark gi'ay above ; every-
where with scattered granules, but most numerous on the abdomen, each giving
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. -KXIII. (8) MARCH, 1896
58 NATHAN BANKS.
rise to a large, stiff, curved bristle ; cephalothorax as long as broad, rounded, low,
head elevated, clypeus high and concave, eyes large and close together; mandi-
bles moderately large, in % with a down-curved spine from inner edge of base,
the two, as seen from above, close together and not diverging. Legs long and
slender, metatarsus i about three times as long as tarsus 1 ; sternum as broad as
long, sides rounded, broadly rounded behind, in the % there is a conical hump
on each anterior corner. Abdomen higher than long, somewhat compressed ; re-
gion of epigynuni swollen, a large brown plate, concave behind and each side
extending backward to the furrow. The % palpus with the femur swollen at
tip ; the patella short ; the tibia gibbose above ; base of tarsus short, with a
slender projection on the outer side, bulb rounded, as large as tibia, higher than
long, ou inner side near tip is a darker lunate body, tube stout, shorter than bulb,
oblique at tip, its lower edge projecting.
Ft. Collins, Colorado, in a Louse (Mrs. Ninette Baker).
CECOBIID^E.
Tlialainiii floriilaiia n. sp. — Length 9 2 mm. Cephalothorax pale
grayish, blackish on edges. Abdomen grayish, blackish on sides, no silvery s])ots,
venter pale. Legs grayish, the femora show a blackish spot in middle of under-
side; sternum and coxse pale yellowish ; structure similar to T. parietali/i, but the
legs are a little shorter and stouter; the epigynum consists of two small conni-
vent holes on posterior margin and a bifid median furrow in front.
Lake Worth, Florida (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). Readily separated
from T. parietalis by its nearly uniform gray color and shape of
epioynum.
DRASSID.F.
Micaria punctata uov. sp. — Length 9 ~ mm. Cephalothorax blackish,
basal joint of palpus black, rest white ; femora of anterior legs black, rest of
these pairs white (posterior pairs missing) ; sternum pale yellowish. Abdomen
black above, on basal half four white spots forming a square, and on median line
two elongate white sjjots; on posterior half there is a row each side of three
small white spots; on the lower sides there is an oblique white spot near base,
and another near middle, venter pale; cephalothorax short and broad, anterior
row of eyes nearly straight, a. m. e. fully their diameter a])art, closer to the
equal a. s. e. ; posterior row barely procurved, p. m. e. more than diameter apart,
oblique, hardly their diameter from the equal p. s. e. ; sternum very broad, sides
rounded, pointed between the hind coxse. Legs moderately short, with some
scattered hairs, no spines, femur i about as long as width of cephalothorax. Ab-
domen twice as long as broad, not constricted, broadest near middle, tapering
and pointed behind, covered above with blackish, somewhat iridescent scales ;
the epigynum consists of two openings about twice as long as broad, constricted
in the middle, leaving a septum between them about as broad as their short
diameter.
One sjK'c'imen, Puiita Gorda, Florida (Mrs. A. T. Slosson ~i. Our
smallest si)ecies.
.'Vli(*ai'ia coloradoiisis nov. sp. — Length % 4 mm.; ceph. L6 mm. long,
1 unu. broad : a J is I! iniii. long. Cephalothorax, sternum and legs light brown-
AMERICAN APTERA. 59
ish yellow, without iiiarkings, except tlic nii'tatars;, whit-h are iiifiisciited. Ab-
domen black above, jjaler l)elow, clotlieil with {iieenish iriilescent scales, a narrow
white band before the middle; eephalothorax narrow; anterior row of eyes short,
a. ni. e. about their diameter apart, nearer to the a. s. e. ; posterior row longer, the
p. m. e. fully their diameter apart, scarcely so far from the p. s. e. ; sternum a
little longer than broad, pointed behind, sides rounded. Abdomen one and two-
thirds longer than broad, widest at middle, a hard spot at base, not consti-icted ;
the % palpus is similar to M. constrictd, but the tibia is shorter, the projection on
the outerside very much larger and stouter, being nearly as long as the width of
the .joint, the jialjial organ has the tube longer than in M. constricta, the inner
tube shows as in that species, and there is a hook in the same position; on the
tarsus near the tip of the tube are three very stout black spines: the epigynum
consists of a somewhat quadrangular cavity with rounded corners, brosuler behind
tlian long, and divided by a narrow septum : in the bt)ttom the anterior darker
portion is oblicjuely separated from the smaller posterior porti(m.
Ft. Collins, Colorado (Mr.s. Ninette Baker'. One male has the
eephalothorax and sternnni wholly infuscated.
Jliearia porlectst nov. sji. — Length 2.8 mm. ; ceph. 1.2 mm. long, .Ho mm.
wide. Ceplialothorax dark brown, clothed with white hairs; femora i and it
black, rest of legs pale yellowish ; sternum blackish. Abdomen black, clothed
with iridescent scales, a band at base and a nai-row one before the middle, white ;
a. m. e. hardly their diameter apart, close to a. s. e. ; p. ra. e. about their diameter
apart, nearer to p. s. e. Legs moderately short, femora stout; sternum plainly
longer than broad, tapering and pointed behind ; abdomen over one and a half
times longer than broad, cylindrical, not constricted, and without a hard spot at
base; the % palpus has the tibia but little longer than broad, and with'a short
stout projection on the outer tip; tarsus slender, bulb short, very convex, coni-
cally swollen in lower part, a large i)ronunent hook above, the tube short and on
the inner side, not at tip of bulb.
Ft. Collins, Colorado (Mrs. Ninette Baker).
Micaria |>alli<litari«iis nov. sp. — Length 4.6 mm.; ceph. 1.9 mm. long;
tibia, j)his patella iv, 2.O.") nun. Cephalothorax yellow, blackish near base, mandi-
bles and sternum yellow; lirst pair of legs wanting, other femora brownish or
blackish, rest of leg ii pale, patellai of iii and iv pale, lineated with black, tibia
and metatarsus iii brownish, tibia and metatarsus iv black, tarsi iii and iv pale.
Abdomen black, covered with scales having a greenish reflection ; a band of
white scales just before the middle, narrowly interrupted above, broadly below.
Head of cephalothorax narrower than in M. lotujipes ; sternum long, pointed
behind ; abdomen a little constricted just before middle ; the legs are very slender,
there are several si)ines under tibia ii ; p. m. e. barely once their diameter from
the p. s. e. ; more than twice that distance from each other.
One specimen ^ 9 ), Southern California.
Our species of Mhcurin may l)e separated l)y the following table :
1. Abdomen not constricted 2.
Abdomen constricted 5.
2. Abdomen with several small white sjiots above piiiiclata.
No small spots above '6.
TRANS. .\M. KNT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
60 NATHAN BANKS.
3. Anterior femora darker than rest of legs, especially in the male 4.
Anterior femora paler than anterior metatarsi and tiirsi. . • .coloradeusis.
4. Cephalothorax brown, % palpal bulb conically swollen at base- • -porfVeta.
Cephalothorax paler, % palpal bulb not swollen at base iiioiitaiia.
5. Body pale, covered with golden scales, legs almost wholly white agilis.
Body dark, with dark scales, legs dark 6.
6. P. M. E. less than diameter apart, no lines on the legs COllStricta.
P. M. E. fully their diameter apart, legs lined 7.
7. P. M. E. not once their diameter from p. s. e palliditarsus.
P. M. E. much more than their diameter from p. s. e 8.
8. Cephalothorax pale yellow-brown luiigipes.
Cephalothorax dark brown foriliii'Oides.
£ilica bicolor nov. sp. — Length 3.5 mm. Cephalothorax and legs reddish,
the former blackish on the margin ; legs more yellowish ; abdomen black, sternum
pale yellowish : cephalothorax nearly once and a half longer than broad, low,
clothed with scattered black hairs, some longer ones on clypeus; anterior row of
eyes about straight ; a. m. e. less than their diameter apart, still closer to the very
much larger a. s. e. ; posterior row slightly longer than anterior one, distinctly
recurved, the p. m. e. fully their diameter apart, closer to the slightly larger
p. s. e. ; m. e. ecpial, forming a quadrangle as high as broad behind ; mandibles
quite large and stout, slightly porrect, a broad tooth below. Legs moderate,
patella plus tibia i shorter than cephalothorax. spines above on femora and some
below on tibiae and metatarsi, tarsi about as long as metatarsi ; sternum oval,
pointed behind between hind coxse. Abdomen once and a half longer than broad,
broadest behind the middle, depressed, slightly truncate at base, broadly rounded
behind ; the % palpus has a prominent curved spine at outer tip of tibia, the
palpal organ is divided obliquely into two lobes, the lower one bearing a short,
stout, curved hook, from the ti]) arises the slender tube, it is twisted at base, then
makes one nearly complete circle as large as the palpal organ.
Cue male, Punta Gorda, Fla. (]\Irs. A. T. Slosson).
Ciillilepiii^ pltito nov. sp.— Length 5.5 mm.; cejjh. '^.4 mm. long, 1.8 mm.
wide; tibia, plus patella i, 1.9 mm. ; tibia, plus patella iv, 2.G mm. Cephalothorax
(>ark red-brown, nearly black, lineated with black ; mandibles, palpi and legs
similar, tarsi of legs paler; .sternum nearly black. Abdomen black, .spinnerets
dark red-brown; abdomen with yellowish hair above; a. m. e. separated by more
than their diameter, and much closer to the larger a. s. e. ; po.sterior row recurved,
no longer thiin the anterior row, from which it is widely separated ; \>. m. e. oval,
about their diameter ai>art, not quite so far from the larger p. s. e. ; mandibles
with a plate beneath the fang; sternum nearly as broad as long. Legs quite
bristly, tibia i with five spines beneath, tibia iv with one spine above near the
base. Abdomen depressed, once and a half longer than broad, rounded at base;
the epigynum is broader than long, semicircular in outline, from the posterior
margin there extends forward on each side a narrow, curved, pointed i)iece.
reaching nearly to front margin, leaving on each outer side a slender channel,
and in the middle between the two jjieces a large cavity, which is almost filled by
a pear-shaped body.
One female, Olympia, Wa.shingtou (Trevor Kincai'.l). This spe-
cies, at first sight, resembles Prosthedma aira Htz., but is readily
.separated l)y the structural ciiaracters.
AMERICAN APTI-RA. 61
Oiiapliosa aiiK^rioaiia uov. sp. — Lentjth 7.7 mm.; ceph. 3.4 mm. long,
2.3 mm. wide-. Ccplialoiliorax yellovv-browii, with black on the ends of the radial
furrows and just behind the pars ceithalica ; mandibles red-brown; legs, palpi
and sternum yellow-brown. Legs darker on the tibiic and metatarsi. Abdomen
black, spinnerets brown ; cephalotborax longer than tibia and patella i ; both
tibiie i and ii have two spines beneath at tij>, no others; posterior rows of eyes
strongly recurved, p. m. e. about their diameter apart, and nearly three times
that distance from the larger p. s. e. : sternum plainly longer than broad, trun-
cate in front, broadest at coxae ii, pointed behind. Abdomen depressed, truncate
at base, with a fringe of stiff hairs, once and a third longer than broad ; the
cavity of the epigynum is divided into two parts; the anterior part is once and a
fourth longer than broad, truncate iu front and connected behind to the very
mucli narrower posterior part, which is about twice as long as wide ; the anterior
part contains a large oval body, pointed in front, and, filling the cavity behind,
it extends into and fills the posterior cavity; in its middle there is a somewhat
triangular mark ; behijid the epigynum there is a parted line as in the other
species.
One specimeu, Ithaca, N. Y. ; its small size and shape of epigy-
nnni readilv distinfi'uishes this from the other species of the genus.
C«iia|»liO»«a parviila nov. sp. — Length .'').4 mm.; ceph. 2.5 mm. long, 1.9
mm. wide. Cephalothorax yellow-brown with black marks on radial furrows,
and a black V at end of pars cephalica ; mandibles red-brown ; femora, especially
the anterior pairs, quite yellow; posterior femora more blackish, rest of legs
tinged with red-brown; palpi yellowish; sternum and abdomen black, spinnerets
pale; cephalothorax longer than tibia, plus patella i, quite narrow in front; p. m.
e. less than their diameter apart, hardly twice their diameter from the larger
p. s. e. ; tibiae i and ii without spines ; sternum nearly oval, but truncate at base.
Abdomen depressed, truncate at base, one and one-third times longer than broad :
the epigynum is nearest to G. hnimaHs, but the middle finger is not pointed at
tip. but blunt; it is shorter and divided by a transverse line; there is no basal
striate body as in that species, but a rather broad plate containing a small rounded
cavity in its posterior margin ; the usual jiarted line behind the epigynum ; the
^ jialpus has a spur on the outer side of tibia, the palpal organ has hard plates
at base as in G. brumalis, but the tube is longer, though not so long as in G. coii-
spersa, and the hook is stouter even than in the latter si)e(ies.
A female, Hanover, N. H. (C. M. Weed) ; a male, Franconia,
N. H. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). Its small size, black sternum and
peculiar epigynum, distinguish it from the other species.
Prostliesiiiia floriduna nov. s,i.— Length 9 6.5 mm. ; ceph. 2.3 mm.
long. Lri mm. broad, patella, jilus tibia i, 2 mm. long. Cephalothorax yellowish ;
legs paler yellowish, except, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi of anterior paii-s, which are
red-brown; mandibles red-brown; sternum yellowish. Abdomen pale whitish
gray ; everywhere clothed with fine blackish hair and stouter bri.stles ; cejjhalo-
thorax long and low : a. m. e. larger than other eyes, less than one-half their
diameter ai)art, and still closer to the a. s. e. ; i)OSterior row slightly longer than
tile anterior one, and i)lainly ])rocure(l ; ii. m. e. oval, obliiiiic, about their diam-
eter apart, scarcely so far from the j). s. e. ; qua.lranglo of ni. c. fully as long as
TRANS. AM. KXT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
62 NATHAN BANKS.
broad in front; mandibles quite large, distinctly porrect, fangs long; sternum
slender, narrowed in front and behind. Legs short and stout, metatarsi and
tarsi i and ii with scopulas, two spines below on tibia i and same on tibia ii, many
below and on sides of the posterior pairs; abdomen depressed, once and a half
longer than broad, truncate at base ; the epigynum consists of a somewhat trian-
gular cavity, nearly twice as broad as long, divided by a narrow septum.
One specimen, Punta Gorda, Fla. iMrs. A. T. Slossou ;.
Prostliesiuia iiiger nov. sp. — Length 6-8 mm.; ceph. 2.2 mm. long. 1.7
mm. wide; patella, plus tibia iv. 3 ram. long. Cephalothorax, mandibles and
sternum dark red-brown. Legs blackish, yellow on coxse, tarsi and base of femora.
Abdomen dark gray; posterior row of eyes straight, barely longer than anterior
row ; p. m. e. large, oval, not half their diameter apart, about their diameter from
the smaller p. s. 6. ; sternum longer than broad, truncate in front, widest at second
cosse. sides rounded, pointed behind ; the legs are very hairy ; there are no spines
above on tibise iii or iv, and none below on tibia i. Abdomen quite long and
somewhat cylindrical, but slightly depiessed ; the epigynum consists of a ca-vity
about as broad as long, widest in the middle and narrowed each end ; in front is
a broad jilate, concave behind, from this extends backward a large clavate septum
whose posterior tip rests in an extension of the main cavity.
Three specimens, Olympia, Washington (Trevor Kincaid). Dif-
fers from P. (dra in the paler color, the oval p. m. e., the longer hind
legs, and in ditlerent e|)igynum.
Prostliesima valida uov. sp. — Length f 9 mm. : ceph. 3.8 mm. long,
2.5 mm. wide; patella, plus tibia iv, 4.1 mm. Cephalothorax, mandibles, legs
and palpi red-brown ; legs darker on metatarsi and tarsi ; sternum dark red-
brown ; abdomen above and below dark gray, nearly black in front and blackish
on the sides; spinnerets yellowish. Body and legs with black hairs. Legs quite
slender, with scopulas to tarsi and metatarsi (except iv), three spines below on
tibia i, and one above on tibia iv; posterior row of eyes straight, barely broader
than anterior row ; p. m. e. round, separated by their diameter, nearer to each
other than to p. s. e. ; a. m. e. largest eyes, separated by nearly their diameter,
half that distance from the a. s. e. ; the epigynum consists of a cavity longer than
broad, divided by a septum, the anterior half of the cavity being covered by a
thin plate. What I take to be the male of this species is smaller and paler; 7.
mm. long; the ceiihalothora.x and legs yellowish, the abdomen nearly white, with
a triangular corneous plate at base above ; there arc two rows of three sjiines each
under tibia i. and one spine above on tibiie iii and iv ; the tibia of the % pal})us
is much broader than long, on the outer side is a curved projection ending in two
sharp points ; the tarsus is more than twice as long as broad ; there is a dark pro-
cess along the outer side, and a dark line on half the inner side; the tube is very
small and short, terminating tlie o1)long l)ulb ; at the tip there is a swollen white
portion.
Los Angeles, Cala. (Dr. A. Davidson).
1>ra!>i!>iUS vastus nov. sp. -Length 9 H mm.; ceph. 4.6 mm. long, 3 mm.
wide; ])atella, i)lus til)ia iv, 5.2 mm. Cephalothorax and legs yellowish, with a
tinge of brown, metatarsi and tarsi blackish, mandibles reddish, sternum yellow-
brown ; abdomen grayish brown, darker near tip, with several faint light chev-
AMERICAN APTERA. 63
rons on the posterior part of doi-suni ; everywhere densely hairy. Legs 4-1-2-3,
metatarsi (except iv) and tarsi with dense s(^opuhis; no spines above on any of
the tibite, one spine below on tibia i ; posterior row of eyes procurved, longer
than the anterior; p. m. e. oval, more than their diameter apart, slightly nearer
to each other than to p. s. e. ; anterior row straight ; a. m. e. the larger and nearer
to a. s. e. tlian to each other ; sternum broad, the epigynum consists of a somewhat
circular cavity, from the anterior edge of which there projects a large plate
emarginate on its posterior border.
Olyinpiii, Wash. (Trevor Kincaid). •
I>raMSiiM ]>lst(>i<lu!« nov. sp. — Length 9 T. mm. ; ceph. 2.5 mm. long, 1.9
mm. wide; pattlla, jilus tibia iv, 2.5 mm. Cephalothorax and legs pale yellow-
brown, blackish around eyes; mandibles dai'k red-bi'own ; sternum yellow-brown,
darker on edges ; abdomen above and below gray ; posterior row of eyes pro-
curved ; p. m. e. large, oval, close together, very far from s. e. ; a. m. e. separated
by nearly their diameter, closer to the s. e. than to each otjier. Legs short, quite
hairy, but with few spines, none on any of the tibise, scopulas on tarsi very thin :
sternum moderately broad ; epigynum consists of a cavity broader than long,
containing a large plate, the posterior end of which has a small projection to the
posterior margin of the cavity.
Ames, Iowa (Prof. C. P. Gillette).
CLUBIONID^.
AiiypliU'iia florillstlia nov. sj). — Length 9 8 mm.; ceph. 3 mm. long;
patella, plus tibia iv, 3.2 mm. Cephalothorax pale yellowish, darker around eye-
region, legs similar, metatarsi and tarsi of anterior pairs darker; mandibles red-
brown ; sternum i)ale, abdomen whitish ; a. m. e. less than diameter apart, a little
closer to the equal a. s. e. ; p. m. e. once and a half their diameter apart, barely
closer to the equal p. s. e. ; mandibles large, scarcely porrect ; sternum oval ; legs
moderate, 1-4-2-3; tibia, plus patella i, a little loiger than those joints of leg iv,
metatarsus iv no longer than i, all with many spines. Abdomen oval, ventral
furrow much nearer to the epigynum than to spinnerets; the epigynum has a
septum twice as long as long as broad, terminating behind in two black spot.s, on
each anterior side an anteriorly pointed cavity.
One I'cinale, Lake Worth, Florida (Mrs. A. T. Slossoii)-
Oayoiiiist IValt'i'iia nov. sp. — Very similar to G. calcaraia Em.; the legs a
trifle longer, the tar.-.us of % pali)us much longer, and the piece, which in G.
calcariita. is broad and incurved at tip, is much more slender and only its fine tip
incurved; the prominences on the coxa> are similar, but the bifid process of the
third coxa of ailcanita is here smaller, slender and simple, not bifid ; the color is
paler than in cdkurata. and the S])ots and dots more scattered.
Two males ; one Harbor Hill near Ko.slyn, N. Y., May ; the other
fronj Carpenter's Woods near Sea Clirt", N. Y., June.
Uayenna pacifira nov. sp. — Length 9 ^ '""i- ; ceph. 2.4 mm. long, 1.8
mm. wide: patella, plus tibia iv, 2.3 mm. Cephalothorax brownish yellow, with
an irregular lirownish stripe eacli side connecting through the eye-region, the
enclosed area is usually lineate witli l)rown. .\bdomeu covered with brownish
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. • MAUCH. ISttti.
64 NATHAN BANKS.
lines and spots, more or less redflish in the interspaces; mandi])les almost black ;
sternum yellow-brown ; femora and patellfe pale brow'nish. with some black lines ;
tibise, metatarsi and bases of tarsi dark brown, tips of tarsi pale ; young speci-
mens are often suffused with red; cei)halothorax broad and low; a. m. e. fully
their diameter apai-t. much closer to a. s. e. ; p. m. e. once and a half thei/ diam-
eter apart, scarcely so far from the p. s. e. ; mandibles stout, vertical ; sternum
oval; abdomen once and two-thirds longer than broad, densely hairy, tracheal
openings a little behind the middle of venter; the epigyuum consists of an area
longer than broad, broadest just behind the middle, anterior sides concave, poste-
rior sides convex ; it is indented from behind to near the middle, where there is
a small circular cavity.
Olynipia, Wa?:!!. (Trevor Kincaid).
GayeiiUM luai'iilata nov. sp. — Length 4.4 mm. C'ephalothorax yellow-
ish, with a black dentated stripe each side, and a line behind each p. m. e. Ab-
domen whitish, with a large black spot each side at base, two converging rows of
four very distinct and quite large spots, a large apical spot, and some small, scat-
tered .spots black; the sides mostly black ; venter with a few black spots: two
black lines on the mandibles. Legs yellowish, with some bands and black spots,
sternum pale; similar to A. celer, J3ut the % palpus has the swelling on the tibia
larger, and the projection of the tibia has the outer part much smaller, while the
inner part is shaped differently, being longer, contracted in the middle and bi-
lobed at tip; the tarsus is very similar, the central strip is more slender and
recurved at tip, and the tube is longer.
One % , Washington, D. C, November.
I at first thought this was A. celer Hentz, but Heutz says that the
spots on the abdomen are indistinct, which would agree with Key-
serling's incerta rather than this species. Moreover, this species is
probably (piite rare, while A. mcerta is very common.
Cliibioiist iiiflCKta nov. sp. — Length 4-6 mm. ; ceph. 2.2 mm. long, 1.7 mm.
wide ; patilla, plus tiliia iv, 2 mm. Cephalothorax pale yellowish, growing darker
on the head, no )nargiual line ; mandible dark red-brown ; lip and maxillte red-
brown ; sternum yellowish ; legs pale ; abdomen reddish or brownish, showing a
faint basal si)ear-mark : venter whitish, epigynum black; cephalothorax clothed
with white and black hairs and black bri.stles. Head moderately broad ; all eyes
about equal; a. m. e. about their diameter apart, barely so far from a. s. e. ; p. m.
e. over three times their diameter apart, over twice tueir diameter from p. s. e. ;
mandibles large and prominent; sternum oval, truncate in front. Legs mode r-
erately stout, only one spine beneath on tibia iii : the epigynum is an area
broader behind than in front, the posterior margin sinuate, two large circular
cavities about their diameter apart, the portion between them extends behind as
a truncated lobe; the male palpus has a large, stout projection on the outer tip
of tibia, truncate at the end : the tarsus is oblong, about twice as long as broad,
truncate at tip, the tube is bent at a right angle and then curves back on the outer
side, there is a broad middle plate, truncate at tip, with a small black cone at each
coraer.
Several specimens, Chicago, 111., October ; also Ft. Collins, Colo.,
May (.Mrs. Baker).
AMERICAN APTERA. 65
(liibioiia pucifioa nov. sp. — Lengtli 8 mm. ; oeph. 3 iimi. long; 2.1 mm.
wide; i>:itell:i i)liis tihii iv. 3 mm. Cephalothorax hrownisli yellow; darkest
near eye-margin ; mandibles reddish brown; sternum, legs and paljii yellowish ;
last joints of palpi and tips of tarsi blackish; abdomen gray or reddisli, with a
media!! basal b!-ow!) stripe reaching almost to the n!iddle of dorsi!m ; the a. u!. e.
about their dia!i!eter ai>art. and about the same distance fro!i! tlie larger a. s. e. ;
p. m. e. two and one-half tin!es their dia!neter apa!-t. about twice their diameter
from the smaller p. s. e. ; the a. s. e. a little lai-ger tha!i p. !n. e. ; mandibles large
and slightly p()r!-ect ; sternum nar!-ow, truncate at base ; foui-th i)air of legs much
the lo!igest, all with scattered black spines, two or th!-ee beneath on tibia iii:
thei'e is a patch of blackish haii-s on the undei-side of the tips of metata!-si iii and
iv; the epigynum has a large middle lobe, cou cave behind, each side there is a
round cavity separated by a clavate se])tui!i.
Sevei-iil speeinieiis, Olympia, Wash. (Trevor Kincaid).
PliriirolitliiiM afiinis nov. sp.— Lei!gth % 2.2 mm. Cephalothorax yel-
low-browi!, streaked witJ! black ; legs yellowisli, blackish on bases of anterior
femora; sternum pale, with blackish edges; abdo!neu black, with an indistinct
pale curved spot each side before the middle, a still less distinct pair at base;
structure very similar to P. pugnntns, but the eyes of posterior row are farther
separated, the p. m. e. being about two-thirds their diameter ajjait (less than half
in P. pu(inutus) ; sternum very broad and triangular; the palpi are similar to P.
piignatus, but Uu'ger; the outer process of the tibia is slightly outcurved near its
tip ; the pi'ojection to the femur is near the base.
One male, Ft. Collins, Colorado (Mr. Baker). It can hardly be
a western variety of P. pugn,att(>^, as I have typical specimens of the
latter from Washington.
AposteiiiiN <'iii('ti|»e!$ nov. sp.— Length 4. mm. Cephalothora.x yellowish,
eyes surrounded by black ; a i-eddish stripe each side, starting quite narrow, but
becoming !nuch broader near dorsal gi-oove; a black i!i[arginal lii!e ; ma!!dil)les,
legs and .steri!ui!i pale yellowish ; red bands at !niddle and tip of fe!nui-, o!i pa-
tella, and at bases and tips of tibia a!!d !netatai-sus ; abdo!uen pale, suffused with
reddish above and so!ne white spots, a disti!ict basal red spear-!i!ark, faintly con-
nected to some ai)ical red chevrons ; venter yellowish ; cejjhalothorax somewhat
similar to ,4i(r(BCrt, head quite distinct. Abdo!nen oval, broadest a little behind
the middle; sternu!n quite broad, poi!ited behind; lip much bi-oader than long;
foui-th legs longest. the!i first: all with stout spi!!es, those u!!der tibiie and meta-
tarsi i ai!d ii being very stout and long, a!id arisi!ig fi-om slight projections; two
rows of five each under tibia, two rows of three each under n!etatarsus: uj)per
row of eyes slightly recurved, equally la!-ge, and very !nuch Ia!-ger than lower
eyes: the p. m. e. closer to s. e. than each other; the a. m. e. smaller than a. s. e. ;
clyp/?us very low; the epigynum shows two anteriorly divergi!ig i-oddish i-idges,
the i!arrow furrow between theiu hiss an opening behind, each side is a yellowish
elliptical patch.
One specimen, Olympia, Wash. (Trevor Kincaid). This genns is
related to Plinifolithi(.'^, bnt the eyes of the posterior row are much
larger, and the row slightly recurved ; the a. m. e. are smaller than
the a. s. e.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (9) MARCH, 1896.
6fi NATHAN BANKS.
Coriiinsi pacifica nov. sp. — Length 6.8 mm. ; ceph. 2.3 mm long, 1.4 mm.
wiile : patella jjIus tibia iv, 2.2 nmi. Form of C. amwna. Cephalothorax and mandi-
bles reddish, eyes surrounded with black ; sternum red-brown ; femora reddish,
rest of anterior legs yellowish, posterior legs suffused with brown ; abdomen dark
red-brown, rubbed, but showing some plumose white scales near the base ; a.
m. e. separated by about their diameter, about as large as p. s. e. ; sternum a
little longer than broad ; a horny shield at base of the abdomen in the female,
the male abdomen wholly covered above by a horny shield ; the epigynum shows
two oval openings, more than their diameter apart, about like C. pinnata. Len.arth
of male 5.6 ram. ; the tibia of the palpus has two conical projections below, the
basal one the larger; the tarsus is long, attenuated at tip; the pale organ much
like C. crocata. but the tube very short.
Olympia, Wash. (Trevor Kincaid).
Coriiina media nov. sp. — Length % r>.4 mm., ceph. 2.2 mm. long. 1.2 mm.
wide ; patella plus tibia iv, 2.1 mm. Form of C. bivitinta. Cephalothorax, man-
dibles and sternum reddish, anterior legs yellowish, brownish on femora, poste-
rior femora pale at base and on underside, rest black, patelUe marked with black,
tibiaj pale at base and tip, metatarsi wholly black, tarsi blackish. Abdomen dark
brown, nearly black above, with a narrow basal band and two other broader
bauds before the middle, a narrow middle band, and a subapical circle white;
a. m. e. separated by much more than their diameter, slightly smaller than p. s. e. ;
sternum a little longer than broad.
Olvinpia, Wasli. (Trevor Kincaid). One % not quite adult.
THERIDID.E.
Myjiiiiieiia l»iill»ir«»rsi nov. sp. — -Length % 1.:? mm. ; 9 l.i> mm. Opha-
liitliorax reddish, eyes surrounded by black rings; mandibles and sternum red-
dish ; legs yellow. Abdomsn grayish, with two small silvery spots on each side,
in the 9 there is a black spot between theni. Head raised, posterior row of
eyes procurved, s. e. touching, p. m. e. largest, less than their diameter apart ;
a. m. e. their diameter apart; mandibles of the % with a large tooth near tip
over the base of the fang. Legs moderately long, first pair longest, hairy, a hump
on posterior side of each patella; sternum broad, rounded behind; 9 i'<'t quite
adult, the abdomen globose, region of epigynum swollen and with a transverse
fissure ; % palpal organ a nearly spherical bulb, the tarsus reduced to a slender
projection from base, tube short, with a short projection each side.
Washington, D. C. ; Jamesburg, N. J. ; Shreveport, La. ; Runny-
mede, Fla.
IVIysiiiena 4-ina<*ula(a nov. sj). — Length 9 1-^ "'"i- Cephalotliorax,
legs and sternum pale yellowish, the latter blackish on margins, eyes on black
spots; abdomen gray, with a large black spot each side at ba.se, and a smaller one
on each posterior side some distance above the spinnerets, a dark median stripe
on venter; eyes large, the m. e. but little larger than the s. c. ; p. ra. e. their
diameter apart, closer to the p. s. e. Legs quite stout, shorter than in M. bidbi-
fera, clothed with stiff bristles, no spines, metatarsi longer than tarsi, a hump on •
the posterior side of each patella; sternum as broad as long, broadest between
coxee i and ii, sides undulate, rounded between hind coxie. Abdomen high, glo-
AMERICAN APTERA. 67
V)ose, but plainly longer than broad, with stiff bristles; the epigynum is a hemi-
spherical area, in the niicidle of which are two red holes, about their diameter
apart.
One .specimen, Punta Gorda, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slossoii).
Ceraliiiopsis bicolor nov. sp. — Length 1 nun. Cephalothorax wliolly
blackish above, p. m. e. and s. e. white; mandibles marked witli black; maxillaj
and lip blackish ; sternum large, convex, with a few blackish patches. Legs and
palpi pure white. Abdomen globose, white, yellowish around base and spinnerets,
a black circle each side above the lung-plates.
Of thi.s very di-^^tiiK't little .species I have two females, neither
quite adult ; from a deep swamp uear Ithaca, N. Y.
CeratiiiopNis »iiiniliN nov. sp. — Length 9 1.3 mm., % 1.1mm. Cepha-
lothoi'ax orange, each eye with a black ring: sternum red or yellow; femora
orange, rest of legs gray. Abdomen of J reddish above with a few lines near
tip, venter whitish ; %, abdomen gray, the spinnerets blackish. It is smaller and
paler tliau C. uifiripdlpis. but quite similar in structure; the % palpus has the
projection of the tii)ia longer and larger than in that species; the middle .si)ace
of the ei>igynum is narrow at base, and tapers more gradually thau in C. n'ujri-
palpis.
Oue S , Shreveport, La. ; oue ? , Runnyraede, Fla.
In the geuus Ceratiuopai^, C. interpreis is hardly congeueric with
the other forms, and my C. frontatm is a Maso ; the other species
may be separated sis follows :
1. Cei)halothorax wholly black Iticolor.
Ce])hal()t]iora.x mostly reddish 2.
2. Sternum with many roughened, irregular dark marks; black sjx)! (in jiars
cephalica not truncate behind laticepM.
Sternum without any such markings ;5.
3. The black spot covering whole of head, truncate behind iii;;riii*e|>M.
Black spot only around eyes 4.
4. Each eye with a black ring NiiniliM.
Black spot inchiding all tlie eyes iligripalpiM.
3Iar«o polita nov. sp.— Length % 1.5 ram. ; J 1.7 mm. Cephalothorax
yellci\»-liro\vii. hlackish around eyes. Abdomen whitish or greenish; the sternum
brown ; legs pale. Head broad, very much so in the 'S ; in 9 the p. m. e. are
less than their diameter a^iart, and a little farther from the p. s. e. ; a. m. e. but
little separated, and farther from the a. s. e. ; in the % the s. e. are very much
more removed from the m. e. than in the 9- Legs moderate, in the 9 there are
long sjiines under tibisp i and ii, each tibia bears above one spine near base and
one near tip, and one or two very long fine hairs; -sternum short, sides rounded,
obtusely pointed at tij), hind coxie widely separated; the epigynum shows a
transverse reddish area, in the middle a small cavity divided by a broad septum,
sometimes the red each side appears as a round cavity ; the tibia of the % palpus
has a stout i)ro.jection on the outerside. and another above ; the tube starts from
the outerside, curves toward the tip and extends ujiward beyond the tarsus ; there
is a broad piece at base.
TR.\NS. .\.M. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
68 NATHAN BANKS.
Several specimens, Washington, D. C.
Tlie genus J/r/.^-o is distinguished from Cerafinopx'tx by not having
the sternum broadly truncate behind, in the spiny anterior tibiae of
9 , and in tlie broad head of S .
Oraiiiinoiiota niaiuilatsi nov. sp.— Length 2 mm. Cephalothorax and
manclil)les reddish yellow, eyes surrounded by black ; legs and sternum pale :
abdoraeJi white, with a more or less connected median row of black spots above
and a few on the sides and around the spinnerets. Legs moderately long, one
sjiine above on each tibia. Head slightly elevated behind the eyes, more so in
% than 9 ; sternum broad, triangular, produced between hind coxse. Abdomen
but little broader than cephalothorax, twice as long as wide; theepigynum shows
each side a reddish elliptical area and between them a red area much broader
than long and divided in the middle, behind it is a small semicircular lobe ; the
tibia of the % palpus has a hook on the outerside much like G. ornata, but longer ;
the palpus much like G.ornata; there is a large plate on outerside with band
across and a large hook at base, the outer end bent nearly at a right angle back-
ward, the other end bent upward; on innerside a piece like that in G. ornata;
the tube is a little longer and the tip less curved than in that species.
Runnymede, Fla. ; Brazos County, Texas.
Batliypliaiite** floridaiia nov. sp. — Length 1.6 mm. Cephalothorax
and legs dull yellow-brown ; sternum black ; abdomen black ; everywhere clothed
with long fine hair. Head somewhat elevated ; eyes large, posterior row nearly
straight; p. m. e. about their diameter apart, closer to the p. s. e. ; mandibles
quite large and stout. Legs moderately slender ; sternum convex, about as broad
as long, narrowed between the hind coxae. Abdomen about twice as long as
broad, subcylindrical ; the epigynum consists of a hardened semicircular area,
with a narrow finger across it; the male palpal organ is quite complicated ; the
tibia is short and broad, with two minute teeth on the tip above ; the tarsus has
two sharji-jjointed teeth projecting backward from its basal end al)ove, the ujjiier
tooth the larger ; the hook is slender, divided into three parts, the inner larger
part is broadly rounded, the two other parts across the base of the palpal organ
are sharp-pointed and slightly bent; there is a slender upright piece slightly
curved and on one edge with a fringe of hairs.
Punta Gorda, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson ).
Batliy|>liaiit<'!i» parva nov. sp. — Length 9 1.4 mm. Cephalothorax
yellow-brown, blackish around eyes, legs yellowish, palpi l)rownish, sternum and
venter brown. Abdomen dark gray, above with three cross-bands aiid a large
apical sjiot while, on the sides the apical spot extends a short distance toward the
base; cephalothorax broadest beyond middle, broadly truncjite behind ; abdomen
broadest before middle, tapering behind ; posterior row of eyes straight; p. m. e.
less than their diameter apart, about as far from p. s. e. ; a. m. e. small and close
together; sternum about as broad as long, broadly rounded between the hind
coxic. Legs long and slender, two spines above on tibise ; region of epigynum
swollen, i'n\arginate behind, a small central finger nearly across it, each side
shows a curved tube.
Washington, D. (". ; one specimen.
AMERICAN APTERA. 69
Easily separated from the otlicr banded species of the genus by its
small size and peculiar pattern of markings.
Bol.vplisiiilOM piit'ific'iis nov. sp. — Length %, 2. mm. Ccphalothorax,
legs and iialpi wiioUy reddish ; abdomen black, with small pale spots, and a large
transvi'i-se wliite one a little above the ])ale spinnerets. Head prominent with
some scattered granules above; a large projection just behind the eyes, with sev-
eral short hairs and a long, stiff, curved bristle at tip ; ])osterior row of eyes barely
recurved ; p. m. e. fully their diameter apart, and about as far from the p. s e. ;
in % hardly tlieir diameter aiiart, and closer to the p. s. e. ; a. m. e. small and
about their diameter ajnirt ; sternum very broad in front, blunt pointed behind.
Legs long and slender; % abdomen more than twice as long as broad: the 9
lacks the granules on the head, and the large oval abdomen has no white spot;
the ejiigynum shows a i)air of rounded lobes behind, and in front and partially
lying upon them is another pair closer together, each outerside of the latter pair
there is a small black hole ; the % pali)us is similar to B. dra.ssoides Em. ; the
projection to the tibia is not so long and proportionally broader ; the liook of the
tarsus extends back to the base of the tibia, but is stouter than in B. drassoides,
and there is no other tooth ; the tube starts as in B. drassoides and exteuds upward
along the lineated piece.
Olympia, Wash. (Trevor Kiucaid).
EPEIRID.E.
Plcctaiia voiiiiNfa nov. sp. — Length 7 mm., ceph. in front 1.8 mm.
Cei)halotlior;ix jiale yellowish, brown each side; abdomen yellowish, a brown
spot near base, a broad whitisli band and behind a triangular brown spot, some-
times a whitish stripe from basal s])ine and then a brown folium ; venter brown,
with two jiale spots; sternuui brown, with a pale central mark. Legs pale,
banded with brown ; ccphalothorax nearly twice as long as broad ; sternum once
and a half longer than broad. Abdomen plainly longer than broad, with the
same number of jjrojections as in P. stellafa, but four of them very much enlarged,
viz., the median one at base, one at each anterior corner, bifid at tip, and the
apical one over the spinnerets, on each side are three small humps ; the epigynum
has a finger similar to P. stellafa.
One female and two young, Punta Gprda, Fla. (INIrs. A. T. Slos-
son). Related to P. stellata, but easily distinguished by its much
narrower body and the enlarged s[)ines on the abdomen above.
Siiii^H floriilHiia nov. sp.— Length 3.7 mm. Cephalothorax greenish yel-
low, liars ceiilialica reddish, darkest on sides; maudibles with red lines. Legs
greenish yellow ; jjatelliB, tibia; and metatarsus of anterior pairs with elongate
red spots, less distinct on the hind pairs; sternum and coxse greenish yellow.
Abdomen greenish yellow, with two prominent submedian red stripes reaching
from base to tip, broadest at base and converging toward tip, where they surround
the siiinnerets; three white stripes, one between tlie red and one each side;
ce]»halothorax a little shorter than femur i; a. m. e. a little closer to each other
than to the slightly smaller a. s. e. ; p. m. e. about once and a half their diameter
apart, more than twice their diameter from the somewhat smaller p. s. e. ; quad-
TR.VNS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
70 NATHAN BANKS.
raiigle of m. e. slightly narrower behind than in front. Legs moderately slender,
clothed with hristles and scattered spines, mostly above and on the sides of joints,
a distinct hump on posterior sides of all patellae ; sternum barely longer than
broad, sides undulate, pointed behind. Abdomen once and a fourth longer than
broad, broadest in middle, not tapering behind ; the epigynum has a short pale
finger with recurved tip, each side a brown, nearly circular cavity.
One specimen, Piinta Gorda, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson).
Singa ino«lesta nov. sp. — Length 3.5 mm. Cephalothorax pale yellow-
brown, a large white spot, anteriorly pointed, on posterior x«irt of the pars ceph-
alica. Legs pale yellowish, more brown on the middle of the joints; mandibles
pale, with a brown spot; sternum yellow-brown, blackish on the sides. Abdomen
black, a narrow white stripe on each side, meeting behind above the spinnerets,
above with many irregular white spots and two pairs of impressed dots : venter
with a narrow white stripe each side, sometimes broken up into spots; cephalo-
thorax three-fourths as broad as long, longer than femur i, about as long as pa-
tella plus tibia i ; a. ra. e. a little closer to each other than to the slightly smaller
a, s. e. ; p. m. e. larger than other eyes and about once and a half their diameter
apart, about twice their diameter from p. s. e. ; legs moderately short, with many
bristles, probably a few spines, but all rubbed off, a little hump on posterior sides
of all patellfe ; sternum triangular, about as broad as long, sides undulate, blunt
pointed behind ; abdomen elliptical, once and a half longer than broad ; epigynum
consists of a quadrate area, in which is the outline of a triangular body with the
apex forward, this is traversed by a narrow septum.
Two specimens, Punta Gorda and Lake Worth, Fla. (Mrs. A. T.
Slosson j.
THOMISID^.
Xystii'US floridaiiuiii nov. sp. — Length 3.2 mm. Cejihalothorax yellow-
brown, marginal seam dark, two elongate converging whitish spots on the i)oste-
rior part of the pars cephalica, a white band through the eye-region ; femora i
and ii pale yellow-brown, darkest towiird tips, the tibise clear red-brown, the
metatai'si paler and the tarsi yellowish, posterior legs wholly pale; sternum pale.
Abdomen whitish above, with four large irregular brown spots, their outer niai^
gins connected, the posterior pair transversely united, the sides light brown •
venter pale brownish with white dots ; cephalothorax moderately low, as broad
as long, hardly shorter than femur i; eyes of posterior row about equal ; a. m. e.
equal to p. m. e., but closer together; a. s. e. very much larger than other eyes
Legs moderately short and stout, three spines in front and one above on femur i ;
tibise i and ii with four pairs below, three pairs under metatarsi i and ii; sternum
plainly longer than broad, sides rounded. Abdomen truncate at ba.se, slightly
narrower and barely longer than the cephalothorax ; the male palpus has an
elevated ridge on the base of tibia, which is prolonged on the inner side ; a pointed
projection at tip of tibia; tarsus broad, distinctly pointed at tip; palpal organ
broad, simple, from the lower inner end a tube arises and runs upwai-d and
around the bulb, near the lower middle is a short curved black hook, and on
inner side a dark stripe runs upward and around the end.
One male, Punta Gorda, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson).
AMERICAN APTERA. 71
Coriai'SK'liiK' floridaiia nov. sp. — Lengtli 4. mm. Cephalotliorax
uniform hiowii ; lt',t;.s a jialcr brown, except the tarsi, which are whitish ; above
witli some scattered silvery dots, below none; a short white band in eye-region ;
sternum light brown. Abdomen brown, with silvery dots on sides and larger
transverse si>ots above ; venter gray-brown ; very similar in structure to C. versi-
color, but the palpal organ is broader, the bulb nearly circular in outline, more
distinctly divided into two portions, the tube similar, but hardly as long, the pro-
jections on the til)ia are the same; four ))airs of spines under tibia? and meta-
tarsi i and ii ; aii ininuiture female resembles the male, but is of a paler brown
color.
Punta Gorda, Fla. (^Nlrs. A. T. Slossou).
IVIiKiiiiKMiH viridaus nov. sp. — Length 9 4 nini., % .3 mm. Cejihalo-
thorax and legs green, tarsi more yellow, both with long, prominent, black bris-
tles; sternum paler. Abdomen whitish, more graj' above, with some silvery sj)ots
and red dots at the bases of some of the black bristles; cephalothorax broad,
considerably narrowed in front; the a. m. e. hardly nearer to a. s. e. than to each
other; m. c. equal, forming a square; four pairs of spines under tibia.' i and ii ;
three pairs under those metatarsi ; femur i longer than the cei)halothorax ; ster-
num but little longer than broad, sides rounded. Abdomen broad, pointed be-
hind, convex above; on each side of the epigynum are two curved dark spots;
there is a broad septum to the cavity as in the other species; the % is similar to
the 9 , but with longer legs, and on them red bauds as follows : at tip of patelUe,
at base and tip of tibiee, and apical half of metatarsi and tarsi; posterior legs
with red si>ots at tips of patelke and tibite ; abdomen with four red spots above
on basal half and four red bands on apical half, a red ring around base of spin-
nerets; there is a short blunt projection on the outer tij) of the tibia of the %
palpus; the ])alpal organ nearly circular in outline, the tube arising near the
outer tip and extending around on inner side to near base.
Three sjHH'iiueus, Punta Gorda, Fla. (A. T. Slosson).
MiKiiciioiia Ix'llnla nov. sp.— Length 9 4 mm. Cejihalothorax pale yel-
lowish, with a broad irregular red-brown band each side, and sometimes a brown
line on extreme margin, eye-region and clypeus reddish, a median line from be-
tween p. m. e. extending back to near dorsal groove; a silvery white spot each
side of its tip; mandibles with a spot at base, and a transverse line reddish ; an-
terior legs sometimes almost wholly red-brown, with pale at bases of femora, but
more ofteJi i)ale in the middle of the joints, with spots at the bases of the bristles ;
sternum and posterior legs whitish. Abdomen with a broad fuscous stripe each
side from base to spinnerets, above mottled white and gray, with a basal spear-
mark and behind four converging pairs of fuscous spots,- bases of the bristles
reddish; venter pale, with a broad median dark area; cephalotliorax about as
broad as long; eyes of anterior row about equal distances apart; m. e. equal
forming a square; femur 1 much longer than cephalothorax, four pairs of spines
under tibiaj i and ii, five paii-s on those metatai-si ; sternum plainly longer than
broad, sides rounded ; abdomen broadest behind the middle, pointed behind, con-
vex above ; the epigynum consists of a broad septum passing under an anterior
ridge, which is convex behind, side is an oblong cavity, and behind are two small
holes.
Four specimen.*, Punta CJorda, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson).
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH. 1896.
72 NATHAN BANKS.
LYCOSIDiE.
L.y<'Osa floridana nov. sp. — Length 14 mm. long, 4 mm. broad; tibia,
j)liis piitella i, (> iiini. ; tibia plus patella iv, 7 mm. Cephalothorax dark brown,
two pale lines on pars cepbalica and a white interrupted line on each side above
the margin; mandibles black; sternum pale yellowish, with a median black
stripe ; femora yellowish brown, rest of legs darker, sometimes indistinctly
banded ou posterior tibiae. Abdomen black above, with small, scattered white
dots; venter pale, with a darker central stripe; first row of eyes procurved, eyes
of second row hardly their diameter apart, and about the same distance from the
slightly smaller eyes of the third row ; three pairs of spines under tibia i, two
pairs under metatarsus i ; sternum oval ; abdomen quite slender, cylindrical ; the
epigynum consists of a rounded cavity, a little longer than broad, in which there
is an inverted T-shaped septum, much the broadest in front, somewhat like L.
pratensis.
One specimen, Punta Gorda, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson).
Ti'ochosa floridaiia nov. sp. — Length 6.5 mm., ceph. 3 mm. long. 2.1
mm. broad ; tibia plus patella i, 2.4 mm. : tibia, plus patella iv, 3 mm. ; the ceph-
alothorax is pale yellowish, with black spots around the eyes, a brown irregular
stripe each side, leaving the pale central area about as broad behind as in front ;
mandibles red-brown ; sternum and legs pale yellowish, indistinct darker bands
on patellae, bases and tips of tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi yellowish brown. Abdo-
men whitish, with an indistinct yellowish basal spear-ma.-k and a broad irregular
black stripe on each upper side, behind the basal third this is broken up into
spots; region of epigynum pale red-brown; cephalothorax and head low. sides
convexly sloping; first row of eyes as long as the second, straight, all close to-
gether ; eyes of second row much less than their diameter apart ; dorsal eyes much
closer together than usual, not farther from each other than from the slightly
larger second eyes; mandibles long and stout; sternum but little longer than
broad, rounded. Legs short, three paii-s of spines under tibiae and metatarsi ;
abdomen once and two-thirds as long as broad ; the epigynum shows only as a
concave transverse ridge.
Two s|)eciinens, Punta Gonla, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson;.
OXYOPID^.
O.xyopes conipacta nov. sp. — Length 6 mm., ceph. 2.7 mm. long. 2 mm.
broad. The cephalothorax is dark brown, a vertical white spot on the center of
clypeus; mandibles dark brown, with a pale line; sternum dark brown, pale in
center ; coxae pale. Legs pale, the femora, except base, infuscated ; patellae brown,
brown bands on base, middle and tip of tibiae and metatarsi. Abdomen dark
brown, paler on lower sides; a broad dark brown stripe on venter; everywhere
clothed with white scales, those on posterior middle of abdomen somewhat rufous
and on each side of abdomen above above they form two or three oblique white
lines, and on cephalothorax an indistinct central stripe ; cephalothorax highest
in eye-region, slightly concave behind ; p. m. e. about two and a half times their
diameter apart; legs moderately long, with long spines ; sternum somewhat oval ;
abdcjmen one and a half times longer than broad, broadest near base, tapering
and blunt pointed behind ; the epigynum consists of a cavity twice as wide as
AMKUrCAX Al'TERA. 73
long, partially covered by a lobe one and oue-fourtli times as wide as long; some-
what like 0. scalaris, bnt the lobe not as broad and showing more of tlie wivity
each side.
Ft. Collins, Colo. (Mrs. Baker).
ATTID.E.
PliiliiMiM iiionticola nov. sp. — Length 6.5 mm., cejih. 3 mm. lung, ^.^ mm.
bi'oad. Cephalothorax black, a broad white stripe each side, bnt not reaching the
hind margin, white on clypeus. a tuft of stitf black hairs just behind eyes of
second row, a smaller tuft behind lateral eyes of first row; mandibles slightly
iridescent greenish. Legs red-brown, tarsi i)aler, clothed with white hair, very
long under femur and tibia i ; sternum dark red-browu. Abdomen black, a nar-
row white baud around base, a broad tawny stripe on each u])perside; venter
with a white stripe each side; a white stripe on inner side of patella and tibia i,
a yellowish stripe above on tibia i; of the usual structu)e of the genus; there is
a short truncate projection at outer tip of tibia ; paljjal organ divided into two
parts, the lower and larger has a convex projection on the inner side ; on the outer
side there is near the tip a mark like that of /'. militdns ; the ujiper part is broader
than long, irregularly striate, with a black tube at tip, which is sinuate, and has
a simple ti]!.
One 2n:ile, Ft. Collins, Colo., sweeping, May (Baker).
Iciiis pleuralis nov. sp. — Length 4 mm.; ceph. 1.6 mm. long, L25 mm.
broad. Ce])halothorax red-brown, clothed with golden sc^Ues; legs red-brown,
except the pale tarsi ; tarsi, patella? and tibite ii. iii and iv, lined with pale yel-
lowish ; sternum and mouth-parts red-brown ; anterior coxje reddish, others pale.
Abdomen whitish, a broad red-brown stripe on each side, dorsum with scattered
golden scales and short black hairs; the cephalothorax is low and tlat, eye-region
one-third broader than lojig, slightly broader behind than in front, eyes of second
row nearer to lateral than dorsal eyes; first row straight, all nearly touching, the
diameter of lateral eyes is scarcely as great as radius of middle eyes ; mandibles
short and stout ; anterior coxai sejiarated by nearly width of lip ; sternum broadest
in middle, one-third longer than broad, blunt pointed. Legs quite short and
stout, first pair stoutest, but little longer than fourth pair, three pairs of spines
under tibia i, two pairs under metatarsus i; metatarsus iv spined only at tip.
Abdomen nearly once and two-thirds as long as broad, broadest a little before the
middle, moderately depressed ; the epigynum has a central piece nearly twice as
long as broad, outlined in front by a narrow oblique cavity each side, and behind
deeply excised in the middle.
One female, Pnnta Gorda, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson).
ACARINA.
Troiiibidiuiu iiiarinus nov. sp. — Length 2 mm. Bright red; body
pyrifurm, l)iit not so large in front as in some species, a few depressions above;
eye-stalks short ; mandil)les slender. Legs short, anterior pair shorter than body,
posterior pair not reaching to tip of abdomen ; last joint of leg i slightly en-
larged, barely longer than the preceding joint. Body with short feathered hairs,
not so short, however, as in T. sericenm ; second joint of palpus quite long ; third
short, barely longer than broad ; claw quite long ; thumb longer than claw, clavate,
and with many fine hairs, longer than in T. sericenm.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (10) MAKCH, 1896.
74 NATHAN BANKS.
Under stones among salt-grass, between tide-marks at Sea Cliff,
N. Y. It is easily separated from T. sericeum by the shorter third
joint of palpus, and from T. pacificum by the less pyriform body
and the finer hairs. It feeds on the maritime coccid Rlpersia.
Ottoiiia grauiilosa nov. sp. — Length 2 ram., lep; iv 1.8 mm. Red. pale
beiK-ath between cox», a ])ale spot each side above coxa of third leg. venter pale
in middle. Legs and palj)! pale, legs i and iv reddish in middle: stout, convex,
broadest at shoulders, considerably narrowing to the eyes; cephalothorax short
and sloping into the dorsum of abdomen without any definite break ; dorsal
gi'oove short, enlarged at end ; eyes sessile, but projecting ; above thickly clothed
with two sizes of rounded granules, the smaller the most numerous, a few on
venter. Legs and palpi clothed with short clavate scales; last joint of leg i a
trifle longer than the preceding joint, that of leg iv about as long as penultimate ;
ventral openings clothed with short fine hair: palpi short, stout, third joint about
as long as broad, two claws at tip of fourth joint, the inner one the smaller ;
there are three equal spines along the outer side, the thumb is longer than claws,
cylindrical and blunt-tipped, clothed with fine hair.
Four specimens, Punta Gorda, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson).
Ottonia troiiibidiodes uov. sp. — Length 2 mm., leg iv 1.6 mm. Eed
above, pale beneath, the pale extending up on sides near the middle, legs and
palpi pale ; stout, the sides nearly parallel or slightly tapering, more slender than
0. granulosa ; cephalothorax small, separated from dorsum of abdomen by a dis-
tinct break ; a tryusverse impression near the middle of body and several smaller
ones in front ; at the tip above is an impressed triangular plate, similar to 0.
locioxtanim. Legs shoit. but not very stout, last joint of leg i plainly longer than
penultimate, last joint of iv as long as penultimate. Body clothed with appressed
narrow scales, finer on venter; legs and palpi with still narrower scales, almost
hairs: palpi stout, third joint as broad as long; two claws at the tip of fourth
joint, the inner the smaller, on outer edge three stout, ecjual spines; tluinib cy-
lindrical, blunt-tipped, with fine hairs.
Two specimens, Punta Gorda, Fla. (Mr.s. A. T. Slosson).
Rliyncolopliiis fl4>ri<laiiii!ii nov. sp. —Length 2 mm., leg iv 2 mm.
Al)ove black, with a jiale (red in life) median spot in front; a large oblique spot
each side, uniting just beliind tlie dorsal groove, then continuing as a median
stripe toward the apex, which it does not reacli ; a larger median spot at apex ;
leg i blackish, except apical joints; legs ii and iii jiale. indistinctly ringed with
black at the tips of the joints: leg iv blackish in middle; venter pale. Body
slender, three times as long as broad, slightly constricted at thirJ legs; dorsal
groove reaching to near middle, enlarged at each end ; last joint of leg i a little
shorter than the preceding joint, last joint of leg iv al)()ut two-thirds as long as
the preceding joint.
One specimen, Punta (jiorda, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson).
Sinarijii aii»<>f raliM nov. sp. — Length 1.1 mm. Pale yellowish; body ob-
long, witli a rounded snout in front, which bears above six eyes in the usual ar-
rangement. Body covered with a network of fine hairs, at the intersections arise
very short curved stiff bristles; above two rows of five small depressions. Legs
AMERICAN APTERA. 75
very short, not as long as the breadth of body, clothed with fine short bristles;
last joints of legs i and iv about as long as the penultiiijate and slightly enlarged
at tips ; mouth-parts retracted ; genital opening once its length in front of the
smaller anal opening.
One specimen, Puntu (Jonla, Flu. (Mr.s. A. T. Slosson).
Bdcllii fciiclla nov. sp. — Lcnglh .(> mm. Pale reddisli, irregularly mot-
tled with blackish; four or five elongate pale strijjcs on tlie cej)halothorax ; ab-
domen marked with blackish, darkest ou the sides, paler below ; legs whitish
hyaline; mandibles and i)alpi reddish. Mandibles very long and slender over
once and one-half as long as the cephalothorax, with two bristles above on each
side; second joint of paljjus about three-fourths as long as the mandibles; third
and fourth very short ; fifth about twice as long as broad, not one-third as long
as the second joint, three bristles near the truncate tip. one very short, an outer
one as long as the mandibles, and an inner one-half as long; the cejihalotliorax
is broader than long, truncate in front, rounded liehiud, narrower than the ab-
domen, a short bristle at each corner. A))domen about twice as long as broad,
concave at base, the shoulders projecting, contracted in the middle and broadly
rounded at tip, a short stiff bristle ou each shoulder, and about six similar ones
around the apex. Legs short and very stout, with some stiff bristles.
Under hark of oak trees, Sea Cliff, N. Y., May. Readily sepa-
rated from B. cardiiiall.f by its mottled appearance and slender form.
EiipodOM lliai'iiiiis nov. sp. — Length .3.5 mm. When alive, bright red
in color, in acohol it becomes greenish, with a pale median stripe on the abdomen,
legs hyaline ; the cephalothorax is narrower than the abdomen, somewhat trian-
gular, truncate in front, no distinct eyes; mandibles quite prominent, half as
long as the cephalothorax ; palpi thick and stout, penultimate joint not twice as
long as broad, last joint not half as long as the penultimate, pointed, and with
several sl>ort stiff spines at tip. Abdomen somewhat swollen at shoulders, about
once and one-half as long as broad, tapering behind and broadly rounded at tip,
above with a few scattered blunt hairs, a longer one on each shoulder and about
a dozen at tip. Legs short, with fine hairs; leg i the longest, but plainly shorter
than the body, femur i not quite as long as the cephalothorax, is broadest at base
about equal to the femur plus patella ii ; femur iv thickened as usual in the genus_
Kunning over rocks between tide-marks at Sea Cliff, N. Y. It
has shorter legs and stouter palpi than E. variabilis. I have seen a
few specimens which are a little larger, and are covered with small
black spots, but I am not sure that they form a different .s})ecies.
Orihatclla perfecia nov. sj). — Length .4.") mm. Reddish lirown, a jiale
spot at base of abdomen above, legs yellowish ; tectal plate short, broadly cleft in
front, tip of each projection slightly truncate and giving rise to a long stiff iiristle
superior bristles long, sub-erect ; each side under the tectal plate there is a short
elevation bearing a stout curved bristle in front; setse very short, thick and
clavate. not half the length of the superior bristles. AbdomcTi depressed, con-
vex, finely granulate, with about twenty-five bristles above, all shorter than the
bristles of the cephalothorax ; no small spots visible. Wings long, triangular,
rounded below, venter with a few scattered short hairs ; genital opening once
TK.WS. .\M. ENT. SOC. XXItl. MAKCH, 1896.
76 NATHAN BANKS.
and a half its length in front of the larger anal openijig: coxal plate with three
short lines each side. Legs moderate, hairy, a curved plate behind the tirst
femora.
Many specimens swept from low herbage in ^lay at Pine Island
near Bayville, N. Y. Also one from Norfolk, Va., collected by
Capt. Thos. L. Casey. Related to 0. bidentaia and 0. obesa, bnt
separated by the thick setse, shape of wings, and un.spotted abdomen.
Oribatella ininuta. uov. sp. — Length .3 mm. Pale reddish brown, legs
paler, a pale spot at base of abdomen ; sette, bristles and hairs white. Body quite
high, globose; tectal plate short and broad, divided into four spine-like processes
in front, the median pair quite close together and smaller (but not shorter) than
the outer ones; between the inner and outer spine on each side arises a very
stout anterior bristle, about as thick as the median xirocesses of the tectal plate
and plainly longer; superior bristles as large as anterior pair, projecting forward ;
on each side of the tip of cephalothorax is a stout curved bristle, which, on its
outer side, bears a row short hail's ; setje not very short, clavate. Abdomen finely
punctulate. Wings large, deep, somewhat pointed and incurved at tip: above on
the abdomen there are about twenty fine curved hairs, about as long as the setse ;
venter granulate, genital opening more than its length in front of the slightly
larger anal opening; coxal plate transversely divided. Legs short, finely haired,
those on outside of the patellie and tibiae are much thicker than the others.
One specimen, under hemlock bark, Sea Cliff, N. Y,, March.
Belba floridsiiia nov. sp. — Length .6 mm. Yellowish brown, a median
dark mark on the base of the abdomen ; cephalothorax triangular ; two pairs of
anterior bristles; superior bristles erect, fully twice as long as the short clavate
setfe. Abdomen elliptical, convex, smooth, with about eighteen bristles above;
venter smooth, genital opening about once and on^-half its length in front of the
larger anal opening; coxae as in B. minuta.
Punta Gorda, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). Closely related to B.
minuta, but larger, and the short setie not half so long as the bristles
of abdomen.
Ereina'iis iiiar$;iiialis nov. sp. — Length .4 mm. Dark brown ; cepha-
lothorax triangular, rounded in front, with two short curved hairs at tip, with
numerous ridges above and the outline of a trapezium in the center, a plate-like
projection behind coxae i, a spine-like projection behind coxae ii ; setae verj' short,
strongly capitate. Abdomen depressed, about once and a half as long as broad,
elliptical, with a broad membranous margin, which is strongly striated ; above
with many irregular intersecting ridges; below granulate, the genital opening
about two-thirds its length in front of the larger anal opening; coxal plate trans-
versely divided. Legs very short, femora thickened, with only a few short hairs;
on the penultimate joint of the anterior i)air there is a projection bearing a longer
hair at tip ; from the side a few very short stitl" hairs can be seen on the dorsum.
Numerous specimens found clustered under lichens on the bark
of apple trees in March, at Sea Cliff, N. Y. Some young specimens
are i)ale, with a transversely striated abdomen, and a row of several
spatulate hairs at the tip.
AMERICAN APTERA. 77
C'arsibixIeN brovis nov. sp. — Length .4 mm. Dark red-brown, legs yel-
lowish ; tlie cephalothorax has an elevated plate-like ridge each side, and in the
middle a long triangular elevated region, the sides of which are concave ; four
short, stitf, curved bristles in front, and two much longer ones near the base, each
strongly curved toward the middle line; setae short, capitate. Abdomen a little
longer than broad, truncate at base and broadly rounded at tip ; strongly pitted,
or rather with a fine network of ridges, bearing about twenty-two stiff curved
bristles about as long as the setfB, two submedian rows of four each, a lateral row
of three, four on each posterior side, those near the base almost clavate, but those
on side? simple ; venter pitted like the dorsum ; the genital opening fully its
length in front of the larger anal ojjening; some short curved hairs on venter;
outlines of tlie co.\£e distinct and not forming a plate, roughened. Legs short,
joints slightly fusiform, with simple hairs, some near the tips quite long.
Four sj)ecimeiis shaken from a dead fungus [Polypoyus) in ^Eay,
at Sea Cliff, N. Y. Related to C. (jnuiulatiis, but differs in having
simple hairs on the sides of the abdomen.
C'arabo<le»i <lor!i»»lis nov. sp. — Length .45 mm. — Pale brownish yellow;
cei)lialothorax triangular, convex, with the outlines? of a broad T-mark ; two
short anterior bristles, a pair of longer, appressed, superior bristles; setse erect,
moderate, clavate. Abdomen once and one-half longer than broad, sides nearly
parallel, broadly rounded behind, not high, coarsely but evenly granulate above
and below; on dorsum each side a lateral and a submedian row of four large
stiff, curved, appressed, simple bristles, longer than the setfe ; genital opening
nearly once its length in front of the larger anal ojjening ; coxse separate. Legs
short and very stout, some joints as broad as long, with very short spine-like
bristles.
Three specimens taken from the surface of a large boulder, in the
woods, near Sea Cliff, N. Y. General appearance of C. cqiicalis,
but differs in more slender form, stouter legs, etc.
Nothrii«« (?) inariuus nov. sp. — Length .9 mm. Black, sides of abdomen
and tips of legs yellowish; cephalothorax triangular, the tip striated, a narrow
oblong bridge ajjpears to connect the base to the abdomen, its anterior tij) is ter-
minated by a ridge, each side of this on the cephalothorax there extends obliquely
backward a curved ridge ; apjiarently no setae. Abdomen elliptical, higli. smooth,
but not shining, with some scattered, very short, sometimes almost clavate hairs;
venter smooth, the genital opening distinctly separated from the larger anal
opening; coxaj marked by incomplete lines. Legs much shorter than the body,
witli stiff, pointed bristles, a few finer ones near tips of tarsi, three claws, the
middle one distinctly the largest, none of the joints of the legs swollen, except
femora i, which are somewhat stouter than the others.
Not uncommon on rocks between tide-marks. Sea Cliff, N. Y.
This is not a Nothrus, but nearer to it than to any other genus known
to me. It will not agree witli Datrnvu)^. Most of the specimens are
young and have the abdomen transversely striate.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
78 WILLIAM J. VOX.
SLPPIiE.^IEXT TO "THE CRABKOXIX.E OF
BOREAL, AilIERIC A."
BY WILLIAM J. FOX.
The present contribution is necessitated by the occurrence of sev-
eral errors, chiefly typographical, in my monograph of the Crab-
roninre. The opportunity has also been seized to add a few notes on
several species which were unknown to me until quite recently, the
types of Avhich were kindly loaned by Mr. Samuel Henshaw, of the
Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge. One new species
is added to our fauna, bringing the number of known North Amer-
ican species of Cnihro up to 104.
Crabro parviiliis Pack.
]Mrs. Slosson has sent me a female specimen of this species taken
at Franconia, N. H., which is the most easterly locality recorded for
it. In thi» specimen the pronotum and metanotum are spotted.
Crabro pauper Pack.
In the synoptic table, p. 220, the name pauper was inadvertently
written dentieulaUis. The latter species is synonymous with obncurus.
Crabro nigrifroiis = septentrionalis Pack.
As suggested in my paper, septentrionalis is synonymous with
nirjrifrons. I have examined the type and can see uo diflerence from
nigrifrons.
Crabro sigiiifor Pacjs.
This species is very close to advenus, the 9 differing by the tips
of femora being yellow, and the space between the eyes at their
nearest i)()int of convergence is distinctly less. Space between hind
ocelli slightly less than that between them and nearest eye-nuirgin.
Wings not dusky on aj)ical portion. Posterior face of middle seg-
ment without transverse ridges, shining, the lateral ridges well de-
veloped ; no distinct transverse ridge se])arating the upper and pos-
terior faces. Otherwise the 9 > the type of which has been kindly
loaned me by Mr. Samuel Henshaw, is as in advenus. The S is
still unknown to me.
AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA. 79
C'raibro siiowii n. sp. 9- — Head with rather fine, though distinct, sepa-
rated punctures al)ove. on the front the strite indistinct ; space hetween eyes at
their nearest point of convergence about equal to half the length of clypeus in
the middle ; first joint of flagelluni a little shorter than the two following united ;
pronotnm longer than in coijttatns, strongly sulcate, the lateral tooth small, though
distinct; punctuation of the dorsulum rather fine and separated, that of meso-
pleune similar, tliough sparser, not tending to striate on episternum inesopleurale ;
middle segment with sparse, not very strong ridges, much fewer and feebler than
in cogudtiis, and scarcely forming fovese, central longitudinal channel deep, scarcely
broadened basally. not extending on the posterior face, the latter not coarsely
sculptured, but with some coarse folds or ridges apically : tibiae and tarsi strongly
spinose. Black ; mandibles medially, clypeus entirely, scape beneath, two spots
on pronotum. tubercles, scutellum anteriorly, apex of all femora, anterior and
medial tibiae externally, base of hind tibise. base of tarsi more or less, a spot at
each side of dorsal segments 1-4, and a lateral spot on ventrals 2-4, yellow ; wings
subhyaline, slightly darker at a])ex ; clypeus and cheeks with silvery pubescence.
Length 8 mm.
% . — Scape of antennse compressed, thickest medially, narrow at base and apex ;
flagellum rather slender, not tliickened medially, distinctly fringed with hairs
beneath, the fii-st and second joints about equal in length ; pronotum strongly
dentate at the sides; sides of middle segment more finely striated than in cog-
nafits : otherwise the middle segment is very coareely sculptured, the longitudinal
central furrow less distinct than in the female, but is longer, not as long or as
distinct as in cognntns, however ; no long, white hair on mesosternum and fore
femora, a short, appressed, pale pubescence on mesonotum, however, the white
pubescence, peculiar to the fore and medial tarsi of cognatiis ( ■£ ) is wanting in
snowii ; spots of abdomen narrower than in the female ; no spots on thorax, ex-
clusive of the tubercles; coxje and trochanters entirely black. Length 7.5 mm.
Douglas County, Kansas, 900 feet (Snow). Its general seul[)ture
is finer than in coguatus. May be })laced between coynatus and
hilavis.
Crabro harriwii Pack.
Belongs to group minimus, and comes near scntellatm and letitus.
% . — Anterior margin of clypeus angularly produced in the middle ; front dis-
tinctly punctured, the medial furrow unusually wide; pronotum not strongly
crested, lateral angles not strong ; episternal suture of mesopleui-aj nearly straight ;
furrow at base of middle segment foveolate, as is also the furrow which bounds
the enclosure outwardly: between the enclosure and the sides the middle seg-
ment is distinctly striated, posterior face not at all rugose, the lateral ridges
becoming obsolete above and internally margined by a series of strong foveie ;
head and thorax above with rather dense long hair; scape in front, two small
spots on pronotum, tibiae and four anterior femora in part, yellow ; fore femora
entirely dark, tarsi dark testaceous.
The foregoing description was drawn up from the type of this
species.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
80 WILLIAM J. FOX.
Crabro inininius Pack.
The % of this species has the fore femora aud mesosternuru clothed
with long, white hair, thus differing from the other species of the
group, Avith the exception of pictipes, which is larger, has the cly-
peus and scape entirely yellow and the base of the middle segment
excavated. In S minimus the base of the middle segment is as
described by Packard, having a row of minute foss?e.
An examination of types shows the pi'onotum to be angular at
the sides, notwithstanding Packard's statement to the contrary.
Crabro iiiiiciis Pattou.
This species forms a group differing from group insolens by the
middle segment having a distinct enclosure above ; by the epimerum
mesothoracis being strongly ridged, an unusual character for species
of this section of Crabro, and by abdomen, which is said to be clav-
ate. The abdomen is missing from the unique type kindly loaned
by Mr. Patton. The hind legs robust, their tibise strongly clavate
and strongly serrated externally. Recurrent vein received by the
marginal cell in the middle. Pronotum sharply ridged, with a small
tooth laterally.
This may be the 9 of group planipes, of which the males only
are known.
In my paper the following errors, typographical and otherwise,
occur which should be corrected :
Page 129, line 5, for includes read include; line 10, for peninsular read peninsula.
" 153, line 35, for 1 read 7.
" 159, line 19, for longitudial read longitudinal.
" 163. line 9, for munficola read monticolits.
" 167, line 14 (from bottom), for form read fore.
" 178, line 16 (from bottom), for is read are.
" 180. line 21, for and read or.
" 181, line 12 (from bottom), for anterio read antero.
" 196, line 25, for nigror read nigrior.
" 196, line 14 (from bottom), for nigror read nigrior.
" 212, line 9 (from bottom), for stirpicola read stirpicoliis.
" 218. line 20 (from bottom), for nii/ror, read nigrior.
" 220, line 20, for denticnJatus read pauper.
" 221, line 21, for stirpicola read stirpicolus.
" 222, lines 5 and 12 (from bottom), for tibiai read tarei.
" 225, lines 28 and 29, for metatliorax read middle segment.
Througbout my paper the termination of the Latin adjective after such nouns
as epimerum aud episternum should be e instead of is.
AMKKICAX DIFTKKA. 81
THE DIPTICKOIK <ii:\KllA TA< II YTREC lll$«
AXD WAl'ELI.OC'KRlS.
BY J.,M. ALDRICH.
This grou]) of the Dolic^hopodiche coutaiiicd, at the time of Loew's
nionogra])h, one genus and three species. Since then Loew published
another species in his seventh Century, and Osten Sacken one in
" Western Diptera." Mik has established a new genus for a part
of the old one, and three now species are described in the pre:-ent
paper.
These two genera form a well-defined group, with the following
characters : First antennal joint hairy above, arista dorsal, face
long, narrow, wider below and rounded at the tip, reaching as low
as the inferior border of the eye ; wings narrow, in the male espe-
pecially ; hypopygium of the male entirely disengaged, directed for-
ward under the venter, reaching nearly to the coxte ; hind metatarsi
without bristles above.
The genera are separated by the following chai-acters :
Male antemipe normal, like those of the female; fourth longitudinal vein ending
just before the extreme apex, at a considerable distance from the tip of the
third Tacliytrechiis.
Male antennae with the second joint rudimentary and tlie arista elongated and
ending in a lamella ; fourth vein ending considerably before the apex, very
close to the tip of the third IVIacolloecrus.
TachytrecliiiN Loew.
KtaniiiiiM isis 1831, p. 261, Loew, Neue Beitraege. v, 1857; Hon. Dolicho-
podidie. p. 109.
MALES.
1. Wing of male with a spot at the tip 2.
Wing of male without spot ani>;ii<<»tii>i'iiiii*$ Loew.
2. The spot wholly black flori<l(>ii<<$is n. sp.
The sjjot black in front, snow-white behind vorax Loew.
FEMALES.
Posterior femora yellow at the extreme ti]) only vorax.
Posterior femora about a third of the length yellow florideilNiM.
(The female of aiMpistipennis is not known.)
TRANS. .\M. E.VT. SOC. XXiri. (11) M.VRCH, 1896.
82 J. M. ALDRICH.
Tacliytreoliiis florideiisis n. sp.
Male. — Front green, lieavily coated with whitish dust, face wholly pure white,
about twice as wide on the lower division as immediately below the antennae,,
palpi inconspicuous, proboscis black, inferior and lateral orbital cilia white ; an-
tennsB wholly black, the first two joints a little elongate, slender, the third,
rounded, the arista a trifle longer than the three joints. Thorax green, heavily
coated with whitish dust, which leaves the ground-color more distinctly visible
in some directions than in others ; pleurae with a more pure white dust, the green
showing through ; tegulse and halteres yellow, the former with small black cilia;
coxse and basal two-thiids of femora green, overlaid with white dust, the tips of
all the femora for a third their length (in the middle ones more) yellow, tibiae
yellow with black tips, tarsi black, the front ones four-fifths the length of the
tibiae; fore tibiae with only two series of bristles, three or four in each, the one
behind and a little towards the outside, the other opposite in front; hind femora
with a row of three bristles before the preapical one. Abdomen of the same
color as the thorax, more shining on the posterior part of each segment across the
middle, with a rather strong row of hairs before each incisure— these and all the
small hairs black ; hypopygium black, the first joint, or pedicel, small ; the second
large, massive, sub-globular, with whitish dust and fine black hairs; lamellae
blackish, small, somewhat triangular, with a narrow base, the outer edge of each
bearing a number of long black bristles extending laterally. Wings slightly
grayish, narrow, pointed, with a large black dot in the apex, nearly the whole of
which is behind the fourth vein ; third vein almost straight in its whole course,
with only a slight and nearly uniform curvature; large cross-vein quite oblique,
straight, less than its length from the tip of the fifth vein ; last segment of fourth
vein straight, only a very little convergent towards the third, ending conspicu-
ously before the apex of the wing.
Female. — Wings scarcely so narrow, without dot, antennae a little shorter, face
a trifle wider. On the outer side of the fore tibiae there are one or two small
bristles in a third series. Length 5 mm. ; of wing 4 mm.
Two males, two females, Florida. Collected by Cliancellor F. H.
Snow. I obtained the specimens from the University of Kansas,
and tliere are several more in their collection.
Ta«'liylre<'Iiii!>» vorax Loew, Neue Beitraege. viii. 41; Mon. Dolichojio-
did:e, ll'i. District of (lolumbia.
I have specimens from Brookings, S. D. ; Hot Sprino-s, g. D. (in
the Black Hills) ; Jackson, Miss. (C. W. Johnson) ; and Franconia,
N. H. (Mrs. Slosson).
Tachylreclmus aii$;ii«<»li|»tMiiiiH Loew, Centuries, ii, (i4 ; Monograph
DolichopodidsE, 11.'5. "District of Columbia; O.sten Sacken, Western Dij)tera. 315,
California.
I have not seen this species.
AMERICAN DIPTERA. 83
]?I»ccll4»cerus Mik. ^ o^
Mik. nii)teroIoKisc.he Untersucluiiij;eii, p. 3, 1878.
MA LES.
1. Antcnnal arista with a lamella in the luidflle as well as at th( tip.
I>iii4»(laf iiM Loew.
Antcnnal arista with an apical lamella only 2.
2. Anterior femora thickened, hlack below on the basal half- . -olyiiipitv n. sp.
Anterior femora not thickened, yellow 3.
3. Outer side of fore femora with long, curly hair aural U!« n. sp.
Outer side of fore femora with plain hair 4.
4. Anterior tibiie with a row of erect, flattened bristles on the outside below.
KilllllN O. $.
Anterior tibije witli only a few common bristles on this part- ■ino'chuM Loew.
FEMALES.
1. Hind femora yellow, two preapical bristles aiiratus.
Hind femora largely black, one prea])ical bristle 2.
2. P^ront tilwai wholly yellow nioecliiim.
Front tibiip largely black 3.
3. Four anterior femora green-black, the apical third yellow, distinctly limited.
NaiitiM.
Four anterior femora largely yellow, the brown at base not distinctly limited.
olyiiipitc.
(The f'oniale of hiiKxhdiix is iiii known)
jflacellocerus olyiapisi' n. sp.
Mule. — Face long, bright yellow, slender in tlie middle ; antennae yellow, the
third joint blackened except at base, second joint rudimentiiry ; arista one and a
third times as long as the vertical diameter of the head, white except the incras-
sated base and the obovate black lamella, which is a little smaller than the third
joint; lateral and inferior orbital cilia light yellow. Thorax and abdomen
bronze-green ; tegulae yellow, with black cilia; fore coxse yellow, bare except the
tip. Fore femora incra.ssated at the base, with a peculiar circular black spot seem-
ingly stamped upon the outer side, reaching beyond the middle; tlie inner side
is yellow, with a delicate pruinosity ; fore tibise yellow, with nnmcrous and rather
long bristles ; fore ta,i"si a little compre.s.sed. shoit, black ; posterior femora and
tibiai yellow, tii)s of the latter narrowly blackened, tarsi black ; bristles of the
tibiaj rather long. Hypopygium large, basal part shining black, central segment
bronze-green behind, lamella; whitish, covered with black hairs, those of the
margin hardly coarser. Wings exceedingly slender, grayish, lighter at the root.
Female. — All the body color darker, face wider and greenish yellow, third joint
of the antenna' l)lack, all the coxa; black, femora more or less dark on the basal
part, the hind ones wholly black-green except the apical third ; tibise black on
the apical third or fourth. Wings longer and much wider than in the male.
Length (i mm. ; of wing 4.2 ram.
Two males, two tenuiles, Olyinpia, Wasli. (Trevor Kiiicaid), June
8 and July 1.
iVaoellocerns aiiratus n. sp.
Male. — Face long, golden-yellow, very narrow in the middle, antennae bright
yellow, small, the second and third joiiits both very minute and rudimentary,
arista black, one and a half times the length of vertical diameter of the eye, the
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC, XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
84 J. M. ALDRICH.
obovate lamelliB black, as large as the three antennal joints together, with a very
small white portiou at the base : cilia of the lateral and inferior orbit white.
Thorax and abdomen bronze-green, somewhat obscured in parts by greenish white
pollen ; the groove above the root of the wing velvet-black ; second and third
segments of the abdomen, with the central part of the hypopyginm, having a
coppery luster; tegular cilia black ; lower part of the pleurse with thin golden
pollen, which becomes thicker near the coxa and extends down the outside of
the middle ones; fore coxse and legs yellow, the former with a golden luster; the
fore feet compressed, a little infuscated, with a satiny white reflection ; on the
outer side of the femora the hairs are fine and long and nui'ly ; the fore tibise are
a little enlarged beyond their base and have two rows of slender bristles, those in
the postero-lateral row are slightly flattened ; posterior femora and tibiai yellow,
tlie latter tipped with black ; middle tarsi a little pale at base, the rest black,
hind ones black ; middle femora with conspicuous long hairs before along the
lower part ; the same but in a less degree on the hind femora ; lamellse of the
hypopyginm whitish, small, with only small hairs. Wings short, moderately
narrow, gray, yellowish at base.
Female. — Face whitish, wider, antennse very short third joint but slightly in-
fuscated ; fore tibise infuscated towards the tip. Legs with ordinary, but rather
long bristles, two preapical bristles on hind femora (as in the male also), body
color a little darker than in the male. Length 4.7 mm. ; of wing 3.2 mm.
One male, two females, Moscow, Idaho, June 18. On moist sand
at edge of mountain brook.
Macellocerus nioeclius Loew, Neue Beitraege, viii, 40; Mon. Dolicho-
podida?, 110 (Tachyt.rechtis). Trenton Falls, N. Y
I have one male, Algonquin, 111. (Dr. Nason , and one female,
Franconia, N. H. (Mrs. Slosson).
Macellocerus sautis Osten Sacken, " Western Diptera," 31G ( Tachytrechus) .
California.
I have numerous specimens, Craig's Mountain, Nez Perces County,
Idaho, June 22 and 26, and Moscow, Idaho, June 18 and 25. Most
of these were collected on fallen logs about the edges of a little damp
meadow ; others were taken at the edge of mountain streams on
moist sand.
AMERICAN IIYMENOPTERA. 85
A MONOGRAPH OF THE GEXIJS SYIWEROUS Haitig.
BY C. P. GILLETTE.
I find ill the college collection, as a result of our rearings for the
past three years, a considerable number of Synergus species, some of
which are new to science. As I have the original descriptions and
also representatives of all the North American species, and as many
of the descrij)tions are inaccessible to students of Entomology, I have
concluded to bring together, in one paper, descriptions of all the
species, with au epitome of our present knowledge in regard to their
habits.
Ill this connection I wish to thank Mr. W. H. Ashmead who has,
in past years, determined several species of Synergus for me, and
who has sent me types of those species described by himself.
The members of this genus are all Intpiilines, or guest-Hies, in-
habiting the galls of the oak-infesting Cynipidse. Although true
parasites, so far as the gall within which they develop is concerned,
they are not parasites in the ordinary acceptation of that term as
applied to insects, as they do not attack the true gall producer.
They are vegetable feeders and not flesh consumers.
Tiiis genus is not a large one as at present known in this country.
In Europe there are 31 described species of Synergus, while, includ-
ing the eight new species in this paper, there have been but 24 spe-
cies described from North America. As yet none of these 55 species
are known to occur on both sides of the Atlantic.
The bibliography given in this paper is largely copied from Dr.
De Dalla Torre's " Catalogus Hymenopterorum."
SY!VEROUS.
Hartig:, Zeitscbr. f. Eiitmn. ii, 1840, p. 186, n. 13.
This genus is readily se})arated from all other Hymenoptera by
the closed marginal cell of the wing, the coarsely striated face, the
fluted petiole and first abdominal segment, and by the large second
abdominal segment, which occupies nearly or quite all of the abdomen.
The species may all be separated into three natural groups as
follov.'s :
Antennffi of feinaU' 1.3-.jointec] Group I.
AntPiiiia' of female 14-,joiiitcd Group II.
AntennsK of female 15-joiiited Group III.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH. 1896.
86 C. p. GILLETTE.
Group I (AntennfB of female 13-jointed).
The females of this group may be separated as follows :
A. Thorax entirely black.
B. Abdomen not distinctly longer than broad atra n. sp.
BB. Abdomen distinctly longer than broad (liinoi*|>liii!« O. S.
AA. Thorax and head almost entirely rufous bicolor Ash.
AAA. Thorax above black.
B. Mesonotura with long, transverse wrinkles, which are very distinct, some-
what shining tliiiiorplius O. S.
BB. Mesonotum indistinctly transversely wrinkled and opaque.
C. Antennpe not reaching the scutellum medullar Ash.
CC. Autennse reaching the scutellum lignicola O. S
Synergiis atra n. sp.
Female. — Color black, with face beneath the eyes, antennse and legs somewhat
yellowish. Head sharply and finely striated beneath the antennse, vertex and
occiput microscopically sculptured and with scattered, broad punctures; antennae
13-,iointed, the last joint once and a half the length of the preceding and con-
spicuou.sly black, third joint once and a half the length of the fourth ; coloi",
except the last joint, yellow ; would reach to about the middle of the abdomen.
Thorax deep black, opaque, pronotum rather coarsely transversely rugose, espe-
cially posteriorly, parapsidal grooves distinct, nearly parallel, fovese of scutellum
small, but shining, disc of scutellum coarsely rugose, collar coarsely rugoso-punc-
tate, mesopleurje entirely aciculated. Abdomen black, as broad as long, ventral
valve projecting, sides of second segment not punctured posteriorly. Legs with
tibiae and tarsi of two anterior pairs yellowish, remaining portions, except at the
joints, blackish. Wings with marginal cell closed, areolet very small and indis-
tinct, tegula' dark brown. Length 2 mm.
Utile. — Differs from the female by having a smaller abdomen, and in liaving
the antenna 14-joiuted, with the third joint excised and fully as long as the two
following together.
Described from four females and three males bred from unknown
galls by the writer, at Lansing, Mich., and two females bred from
galls of Holcasjm ruhem Gill, taken at Manitou, Colorado.
Without close examination this species would be taken for small
individuals of Siiiirrgii>< mmpanida O. S., but it is readily separated
from that species by the coarser sculpturing of the mesonotum, the
18-jointed antennse of the female, and the nuieh longer third joint
as com{)ared with the foiu'th.
Synergus diinorpliu^i O. S.
^ynerifUH dimorphii.s O. S., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. iv, 1865, p. .376, n. 5, ^ %.
Rynerijm dimurphns Cresson, Synop. Hym. Amer., 1887, p. 180.
Synergiis dimorplms De Dalle Torre, Cat. Hym. ii. 1893, p. 110.
"Female. — 0.12-0.13 long. Head black, except the face, which is browni.sh red
mixed with black, below the autennse ; mandibles (except their tip, which is
black) and more or less spac^e near their roots on cheeks, yellowish ; the brownish
coloring of the face extends above the autenute in the shape of a narrow stripe
AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA. 87
along the eyes; vertex black, moderately shining, with sparse, broad, flat-bottomed
punctures. Antennse brownish yellow, 13-j()inted, about three-fourths the length
of the body; the fourth joint is a little longer than one-half of the third ; joints
four, five and six are nearly of the same length ; the following joints are some-
what shorter ; the last joint is about equal to the two i)receding taken together.
Thorax black, moderately shining, with very rough, but not very dense trans-
verse rugosities; pubescence short and very sparse; parapsidal grooves well
marked, punctured at the bottom ; scutellum coarsely sculptured : its basal fovese
are indistinct; the smooth space of the pleurae is almost entirely acicuiate;
scapuUe brownish yellow. First segment of the abdomen longitudinally striate ;
the second segment concealing all the following, has the shape of an elongated
oval when seen from above; seen from the side its longitudinal diameter dis-
tinctly exceeds the transverse one; the ventral valve, ending in a short, pubes-
cent point, usually projects beyond the edge of the second segment, its angle is
about 60° or 70° ; abdomen polished, black ; ventral valve yellowish brown ; feet
brownish yellow; hind tibiie and a part of the first joint of the hind tarsi infus-
cated ; tips of all the tarsi brownish ; veins of the wings brownish ; areolet rather
small, its structure like that of the following sj)ecies (S. ctimpanubi).
"Male. — 0.10 long; antennai 15-jointed, third joint excised below, fourth half
as long as the third ; head yellow, except a black spot on the vertex, whi(^h in-
cludes the ocelli ; a part of the collare and of the pleune also yellow, which color
seems to be variable in extent in different specimens; abdomen truncate at the
tip, bell-shaped wlii-n seen from the side; the sculpture of the head and thorax
and the coloring of the feet are the same as in the female."
Baron Osteii Sacken did not know the galls IVoni which he ob-
tained his specimens. The specimens in my collection I bred from
Avoody twig galls taken at Lansing, Mich., on red oak and no true
gall-tiies were reared. The flies issued in large numbers and vary
much in color, especially in the females. The females also vary from
one and a half to three mm. in length. The darkest of these show
a slight rufous coloration only on the lower portion of the face, about
the eyes and a small spot in front of the tegulse ; light ones have the
whole head, except a dark spot on the vertex, the neck, and a large
space on the shoulders, bright rufous as in the males.
This species is quite close to lignicola O. S., but differs from that
species in having a very coarsely transversely Avrinklcd mesonotum.
SyiK'd'giis bi(*olor Ash.
Si/nerfjun bicolor Ash., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, 1885, p. 302, 9 %•
Synerfiua bicolor Crcsson, Syno]>. Hymen. Amer. 1887, p. 180.
Synergus bicolor De Dalle Torre, Cat. Hymen, ii, 1893, p. 110.
" Length .12-. 14 inch. Head, thorax, antennse and legs yellowish ; thorax and
legs finely rugoso-punctate ; a small brown blotch on vertex of head and a medial
stripe on mesoscutum and along the hinder edges; antennse 1.5-jointed in male,
13-joiutcd in female; abdomen polished black; wings hyaline, veins yellowish."
i\[r. Ashmead's specimens were bred from the galls of Andricns
folidtn.i Ash.
TR.\NS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. . MARCH, 1896.
50 C. P. GILLETTE.
From two types, both males, which Mr. Ashmead has loaned me,
I will add the following to the description :
Second abdominal segment entirely without punctures on the side ; first, second
and third antennal joints conspicuously larger ita diameter than those immedi-
ately following them, the second joint as long as the fourth, the third joint
nearly as long as the fourth and fifth together. The mesonotuni is what I liave
termed coarsely transversely rugose in my descriptions.
Syuergus lignicola (O. S.)
Cynipn (Synergus ?} liguicola O. S. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. i, 1862, p. 252, 9 % ■
Synergus rhoditiformis Walsh, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. ii, 1864, p. 499, n. 22, 9 % .
Synergm liguicola O. S., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. iv, 1865, p. 374, n. 2, 9 •
Synergus rhoditiformis Provancher, Nat. Canad. xiv. 1883. pp. 20 and 807, 9 •
Synergus lignicola Provancher, Aditt. faun. Canad. Hymen. 1887, p. 165, n. 1.
Synergus lignicola Cresson, Syn. Hymen. Amer. 1887, p. 180.
Synergus lignicola De Dalla Torre, Cat. Hymen, ii, 1893, p. 112.
" Female. —Black. Head with the space behind the eyes (but not the occiput)
and also the face below the origin of the antennfe and the mouth, dull yellowish
brown varying from dark to pale, the vertex glabrous and moderately polished,
the rest of the head opaque and the face finely pubescent. Antennfe nearly as
long as the body, 14-jointed, with the last joint scarcely longer than the penulti-
mate, yellowish brown with the two basal joints blackish. Thorax with the
collare very finely rugose, the mesonotum before the scutel with coarser trans-
verse waving strife or rugosities, and with two acute longitudinal strife converg-
ing on the scutel, between the base of which strife is a shallow, but widely im-
pressed, stria. Scutel rugose, with the two basal fovete subobsolete ; under the
wings a small, but highly polished round spot. Abdomen highly polished; the
joints succeeding the second concealed by it; the second joint, dorsally, describ-
ing a circular arc of thirty degrees. Ventral valve moderate, thin, brownish
subhyaline, its tip unarmed and in an angle of foi'ty-five degrees. Sheaths ex-
tending a little below or a little above the line of the back, with the ovipositor
generally protruding between them. Legs dull pale brown, or brown-black, the
trochanters, the knees and the tarsi, excejit their tips, honey-yellow or dull
rufous, each successive pair of legs a little darker than the preceding. Wings
hyaline ; veins rather fine, the principal ones slightly tinged with brown, the
cubitus hyaline and indistinct: areolet moderate, its two basal sides hyaline;
radial area about two and a half times as long as wide, distinctly closed by a
brownish vein, the areolet pliiced scarcely more than one-fourth of the way from
its basal end. Length of female .08-. 10 inch. ; male unknown."
From Walsh's description of" rhoditiforinU, which he acknowl-
edged to be only a dark form of Ivjuicola, we learn that the anteunje
in the male is 15-jointed, and that the last joint in the female an-
tenna is once iind a half the preceding, and also that the mesonotum
in dark specimens may be entirely black.
Osten 8acken, in his synopsis of the s{)ecies oi' fSifncryus in volume
iv, of the " Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadel-
phia," J). 378, says that the fourth joint of the female antenna is
hut little more than one-half the leuirth of the third.
AMERICAN ITYMENOPTERA. 89
Ml'. Walsli's specimens were hivd tVom the galls of A iidrints po-
dagra' Walsh, and Baron Osten iSacken's from the galls of Andrlcus
eoniigera O. S.
^»yllcr;;ll!>« iiiediillse Ash.
Syuenjiis mediilhe Ash., Trnns. Am. Ent. Soc. xii. 1885, p. 302, 9 %■
Syiiergns mediiUie Cresson. Synop. Amer. Hymen. 1887, p. 180.
Si/nenjiis meduihe De Dalle Torre, Cat. Hym. ii. 1893. p. 112.
" Length .07-. 16 inch., it varying greatly in size. Head and thorax coarsely
rugoso-punctiite ; antennae 15-.jointed in female, 15-jointed in male, they with
the head and sides of the collar yellowish ; eyes and thorax brown ; abdomen
black, smooth and shining: wings hyaline, veins yellow."
I have four type specimens of this si)ecies sent me by Mr. ^Vsh-
mead. There is, evidently, a ty})()graphical error in the original
description, for the three females in my possession all have 13-jointed
antennae. Like other 13-jointed species the third joint is nearly
twice the fourth in length. The sides of the second alxlominal seg-
ment are without punctures.
S[)ecimens of lignicola in my possession, which were also sent me
by Mr. Ashmead, and which were bred by him from the galls of
A)idvk'H>i cornigera, enable me to separate this species from >nedalke
as Ibllows : The parapsidal grooves are much more distinct in ligni-
cola than in medulla' ; in the latter species the antenna is very short,
hardly reaching beyond the middle of the mesonotum ; in lignicola
they are decidedly longer, easily reaching the scutellum, and the
terminal joint in the female is unusually long, fully as long as the
third. In the males, the last joint scarcely, if at all, exceeds the
preceding in medullce, while it is nearly twice the penultimate joint
in lignicola. I also notice in my specimens of female medulke that
in no case do the ovipositor sheaths project from the second segment,
while in lignicola they arc considerably protruded and directed
upwards.
Group II (Anteiuise of female 14-jointed).
A. One-third or more of the posterior lateral portion of the second abdominal
segment micro.scopically punctured.
B. Head and abdomen largelj' yellowish or rufous.
C. Mesonotum coarsely transversely wrinkled, the wrinkles plainly extend-
ing from one parapsidal groove to the other. . .oiieratuiii O. S.
CC. Mesonotum very finely transversely wrinkled, the rugai broken between
the parapsidal grooves.
D. Metiitliorax and pectus black.
E. Second abdominal segment on tergum, posteriorly, entiiuly hiding
the following segments garrysina Gill.
EE. Second abdominal segment on tergum deeply incised, exposing the
following segments.
TR.WS. .\.M. KNT. SOU. XXIII. (12) MARCH, 1896
90 C. p. GILLETTE.
F. Antenna hardly attaining middle of abdomen incisiis n. sp.
FF. Antenna about as long as the body.
G. MesopleuriE and antennae black siinili!^ n. sp.
GG. Mesopleurse and antennse rufous- • . • • diiricoria n. sp
DD. Metathorax and pectus rufous fioigera; Ash.
BB. Head, except vertex, yellowish ; abdomen black eriiiacei n. sp.
BBB. Head, except mouth-parts and abdomen, black piiiK^tata n. sp.
AA. Sides of second abdominal segment not punctured, or with a few punctures
near posterior margin only.
B. Mesonotum coarsely and densely transversely wrinkled.
C. Third joint of the antenna hardly longer than the 4th-inen<lax Walsh.
CC. Third joint of antenna one and a half times the fourth.
D. Sides of collar and mesopleurte black.
E. Legs yellow, or slightly infuscated batatoids Ash.
EE. Legs, at least the hind pair and all the coxse, black. atripes n. sp-
DD. Sides of collar and mesopleurse yellow iiie.'cicana n. sj).
BB. Mesonotum polished and with a few long, transverse, feebly raised lines.
CO 11 i terse Ash.
BBB. Mesonotum finely and evenly sculptured, but not distinctly transversely
wrinkled.
C. Abdomen as broad as long, second segment not long and pointed.
D. Mesonotum opaque, rugoso-puuctate eaiiipauiila O. S.
DD. Mesonotum microscopically rugose and modenitely shining.
walsliii (albipes Walsh).
CC. Second abdominal segment produced, pointed posteriorly, distinctly
longer than broad Ia^vivellJ^i!<i O. S.
Synergus oiieratus (Harr.).
Cynips onerafus Harris, Treat. Ins- Mass. 1841, p. 398.
Cynips oneratiis Harris, Treat. Ins. Inj. Veg.. second edition, 1852, p. 434.
Cynips onerafus Fitch, Fifth Kept. Ins. N. Y., 1859. p. 810.
Cynips oneraius Harris, Treat. Iiis. Inj. Veg., third edition. 1862, p 548.
Synergiis onerafus Walsh, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. ii, 1S64. p. 498, No. 20.
Synergiis onerafus O. S.. Proc- Ent. Soc. Phila. iv, 1865, p. 373, n. 1, J •
Synergus onerafus Cresson, Syn. Am. Hymen. 1878, p. 180.
f^ynergus onerafus De Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym. 1893, p. 112.
''The gall-fly of the white oak varies in color. Sometimes it closely resem-
bles the gall-fly of our oak apple, differing from it only in size, and in wanting
the brownish spot and dark colored veins on tlie fore wings; and sometimes it is
of a dvill lirownish yellow color, with a brown spot on the back. It is tlii'ee-
twentieths of an inch long, and its wings expand three-tenths of an inch. It
is the JHplolepis, or more properly Cynips onerafus, of my ' Catalogue.' "
The above (les('n})tioii being altogether insufficient to dir^tinguish
this species, I will add the following :
General color yellowish or rufous, with pectus, spot on vertex, another on jjro-
notum, more or less of the mesonotum and scuteilum, the metathorax, the first
abdominal segment and the dorsum of the second, the tips of the mandibles and
the hind tarsi black or blackish. Antennte 14-jointed, nearly as long as the body,
third joint but slightly longer than the fourth ; mesonotum coarsely ti'ausversely
AMEKICAN HYMEXOPTERA. 91
wrinkled, jiarapsidal grooves very distinct ; sides of second abdominal segment,
posteriorly, densely microscopically punctate. In the male the antenna is 15-
jointed and more or less iufuscated, and the thorax is almost entirely black.
Length from 2 to 3.5 mm.
Baron Ostcii Siickcn .siys tliat tlie black on the niesonotuni varies
in extent, but that there is always some yellow on the sides of the
raesonotuni in the female. This is true of all tiie specimens that I
have seen from the east<>rn part of the eountry, but T have seven
females bred fi'om Colorado galls that are indistinguishable from
ouerntiix, except that tiie mesonotum is entirely black, the only ru-
fous coloration on the thorax being a narrow strip on the collar im-
mediately in front of the teguhe, and the antenna is black with the
joints only rufous. Five males of this Western form have the
thorax entirely black in every case, while a single male from Ottawa,
Canada, the only other male that I have seen, has the thorax black,
except a narrow margin on the propleurie.
Judging from Harris' description, it seems probable that his speci-
mens came from galls of Holcaspii (jlobulns, and it is from this gall
that Fitch and Osten Sacken obtained their specimens. My speci-
mens were bred from galls of Cyidps strobilaiia 0. S. both in Mich-
igan and Iowa, and from galls of Holcaspis rubens Gill, and Dryo-
j)li<iiifa hrerljx'iniata Gill, taken at jNlanitou, Colorado, by the writer.
As these Western f(/rms are all constant in their coloration, and
are easily separated by it from Eastern specimens, I will suggest for
them the varietal name eolovadensis.
^tyiicrgns garr.vaiia Gill.
Si/nenins (iiirri/iiiiii (iill., Can. Eut. xxv, 1893. p. 110, 9 %.
" Female. — (leneral color rufous, with tips of mandibles, compound eyes, vertex
between ocelli, occiput, lower half of the mesopleura?, metathorax. pedicel of ab-
domen and two blotches on second al)doniinal segment, one next the petiole and
one just beyond the middle of the dorsum, black. Head : face entirely yellowish
rufous, coarsely striated and sparsely set with short hairs; vertex rug()So-i)unc-
tate; antennaj 14-ji)inted, and in color like the face, a little infuscate at the tip.
Thorax above a little darker rufous than the face, transversely rugose ; parajjsidal
grooves narrow and rather indistinct, but extending to the collar, sparsely set
•with short recumbent hairs; scutellum coarsely rugose, the fovese obliqu(^ and
shining black at the bottom ; mesothoracic i)leui-ai coarsely aciculate ; in two
specimens the lower half only is black, and in two others a little smaller, the
entire pleuite are black. Abdomen : petiole coarsely striated ; second segment
very smooth and shining and finely punctured on outer third. Legs, including
coxiE, uniform light yellow, except the tarsi of the hind pair and the tips of the
last tarsus in the others, which are black. Wings hyaline, nervures light, areolet
obsolete. Length 2.5-3 mm.
"Mule. — The male differs from the female as follows: Length 2i mm.; vertex
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
92 C. p. GILLETTE.
above autciinae, except a narrow orbital line, black ; antennae 15-jointed, thorax
entirely black ; abdomen black, except the tip of the second segment, which is
yellowish, and the entire tibise of the hind pair of legs, which are slightly
blackish."
The above description was made from four females and five males
which issued between the 1st and lOth of March from galls resem-
bling those of Holcanpl^ monticola Gill, sent me by Mr. Trevor
Kincaid, who collected them from Quercus garryana at Olympia,
Wash.
This species is very close to oneratus and ficigerre, and especially
to the latter species, but I find no trouble in separating the s})ecimens
in my possession as indicated in the synopsis above.
Syn<*i*guK iufiKUi^ n. sp.
Female. — Colors smoky-yellow and black or blackish. Head smoky-yellow with
vertex, down to mandibles, occiput and tips of mandibles black, microscopically
rngulose ; vertex with scattered broad punctures, eyes not margined with trans-
verse short wrinkles between anteunse and vertex ; antenna} 14-jointed, rather
short, just about attaining abdomen, feebly clavate, third joint distinctly longer
than fourth, terminal joint hardly once and a half the length of the ]ireceding,
color yellow. Thorax with mesonotum densely and rather coarsely transversely
rugose, especially posteriorly, parapsides present but rather indistinct, scutellum
coar.sely rugose, fovese nearly obsolete, color of mesonotum, .scutellum and most
of pleurge black or blackish, collar more or less yellow at the sides, pleurae en-
tirely aciculated. Abdomen punctured on posterior one-half, black at base and
on dorsum of second segment, shading into smoky-yellow posteriorly and below,
the segments beyond the second largely exposed on the dorsum becau.se of a very
deep V-shaped notch in that segment, the exposed segments densely punctured,
the ovipositor sheaths protruding and black in color. Legs entirely light yell()W,
except posterior tarsi, which are somewhat infuscated. Length 2.5 mm.
i¥aZe. — Differs from the female by having the sides of the collar and the pleurae
yellow, abdomen entirely black, second segment but little iiu'ised, antennie 15-
jointed, and by being L75-2.25 mm. in length.
Described from three females and ten males bred from the galls
of Aiidrmis frequenx Gill. Collected by the writer at Manitou, Colo.
SyncrgiiM !«iiiiilis n. sp.
Female. — General color yellowish with antennae, vertex above antenna;, occiput,
tips of mandibles, fully half of mesouotum, pectus, pleurae., metathorax, most of
collar, dorsum of second abdominal seginent, ovipo.sitor sheaths, a line on outside
of all the tibiae, and the tarsi black or blackish. Head entirely minutely sculp-
tured, on vertex with numerous very broad punctures back of the t)celli and with
coarse wrinkles outside the ocelli running parallel with the margins of the eyes;
antennae 14-jointed, nearly as long as the body, third and fourth joints about
equal, and the fifth and sixth hardly shorter, not at all clavate towards the tip,
terminal joint about once and a half as long as the preceding. Thorax, with
mesonotum, very finely and evenly rugoso-punctate, appearing as feeble tran.s-
verse ruga- under a liaU" inch objective, parapsidal grooves weak. The lateral
AMERICAX HYMENOPTERA, 93
margins of the mesonotiim, a line along each parapsidal groove, the entire space
between the grooves posteriorly and the scutelluni rufous; the rest of the meso-
notuni black, fovese of the scutelluni weak, mesoi)k'ura> entirely aciculated, black.
Abdomen yellow, with a shining black blotch or dorsum, densely punctured on
posterior one-half of second segment ; this segment somewhat incised on dorsum,
exposing the following segments (in one example the third and following seg-
ments are retracted under the second and the ovii)ositor slieaths are left standing
out away from the alidominal segments), ovipositor sheaths attaining the dorsal
line. Feet light honey-yellow, except as mentioned above. Length 2.75-3.5 mm.
Described from four females bred from the galls of Holcaspis
hrevipennata Gill, from ISIaiiitou, Colo.
This species is separated from oneratm O. S., which it very closely
resembles by the finer sculpturing of the mesonotum, and in the ab-
sence of the short, coarse wrinkles margining the eyes just above
the anteume, which arc (juite pronounced in that species.
Syiier;;iis diiricoria n. sp.
Fciimh'. — Yellow, with tips of mandibles, a small spot on vertex, neck, pectus,
dorsum of metathorax, first and second abdominal segments, ovipositor sheaths,
a line on the upi)er side of hind tibia; and hind tarsi, black or blackish. Head :
face very sparsely and weakly pubescent, vertex and occiput very minutely rugu-
lose and with numerous broad shallow punctures; antennaj 14-jointed, very
nearly as long as the insect, third and fourth joints nearly equal, fifth and sixth
hardly shorter, the terminal joint nearly equal to the two preceding, flagollum
not at all clavate. Thorax very finely, evenly and densely rugose on mesonotum,
parapsides weak, but j)lainly visible throughout; scutellum with two distinct, but
rather shallow transverse fovete. Abdomen densely punctured at sides posteriorly.
seco7id segment deeply notclied on dorsum posteriorly, exposing the following
segments and the ovipositor sheaths. Wings hyaline, with main veins quite
black, areolet small and nearly obsolete. Length 4 mm.
Described from a single female bred from the galls of Holcaspis
(hiricorla Bas.s. that were sent me by Mr. F. M. Jones, of Wilming-
ton, Del.
Syn<>rgu!>i licigerjp Ash.
Si/nergns ficiijerx Asli., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, 1885. p. 301. 9 % •
Si/tierfius ficujerx Cresson, Syn. Am. Hymen. 1887, p. 180.
Si/uergiis ficifierir Ue Dalla Torre, t'at. Hymen. 1893, p. 111.
"Length .08-. 14 inch. Head and thorax reddish brown, punctate, the i)unc-
tures coarser on thorax, slightly pubescent; antennpe 13-jointed in female, 15-
jointed in male, yellowish ; abdomen yellow, testaceous, with a large black blotch
on disc; legs yellow, posterior tibia' brown along the upper edge ; wings hyaline,
veins brown."
I have two of Mr. Ashmead's types in my possession, both of
which are females, and both have, unmistakably, 14-jointed antennse.
The s[)ecies is clo.sely related to oiieratus, and plainly belongs tO the
14- and not to the 13-jointed group.
TRAX.S. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
94 C. p. GILLETTE.
Mr. Ashmead's specimens were bred from the galls of HolcaspU
ficujera Ash.
Synergns erinacei u. sp.
Female. — Thorax, abdomen, eyes, vertex, occiput and tips of mandibles black;
orbits of eyes, entire anteuuse and legs and tegulse yellow, the legs being espe-
cially pale. Head minutely sculptured with broad, shallow punctures. esi)ecially
abundant and distinct about the ocelli, mandibles tridentate, the terminal tooth
being long and pointed ; antennae 14-.jointed, and as long as the entire body,
second joint rather long, third and fourth joints of about equal length, the ter-
minal joint but little longer than the preceding. Thorax finely, trans%'ersely
rugoso-punctate. but not distinctly transversely wrinkled, the parapsidal grooves
are very distinct throughout their entii'e course, the two parallel lines from the
anterior dorsal margin of the mesonotum are distinct, but short; scutellura
coarsely rugose and with two small and approximate and very distinct fovese ;
mesothoracic pleurse entirely finely aciculate. Abdomen alwut as broad as long,
rounded off (not pointed) posteriorly, the hind thii-d microscopically punctured,
ventral valve prominently projecting, the ovipositor sheaths directed upwards
and slightly projecting. Legs, including the coxae, pale yellow. Wings hyaline,
veins slender and pale, areolet large and nearly obsolete. Length 3 mm. to the
tip of the abdomen.
Male. — Differs from the female in being about one-half mm. shorter, in having
the antennae 15-jointed, and iu having the head entirely pale yellowish, except a
large black blotch on the vertex.
Described from one female bred by the writer from a gall of
Acraspis erinacei Walsh at Ames, la., and from thirteen females
and two males bred from galls of the same insect sent me by Mr.
F. E. Moeser, of Buffalo, N. Y.
The specimens are all remarkably uniform in size and coloration.
Synergns puuctata n. sp.
Female. — Black, bases of mandibles and portions of face immediately adjoining,
legs, antennte, and tegulse yellowish. Head : vertex very minutely sculptured,
moderately shining, the ocelli rufous in color, antenna 14-jointed, third joint but
little longer than the fourth, last joint but little longer than the penultimate.
Thorax : mesonotum finely rugose, but little shining, parapsidal grooves distinct
posteriorly, but hardly traceable anteriorly, the two parallel ridges extending
back from the collar are very distinct; scutellum coarsely rugose, fovese shallow
and rough at the bottom, lower portion of mesothoracic pleune finely aciculate
with a large, smooth, triangular spot beneath the base of the wings. Abdomen
black, microscopically ])unctured on posterior half of second segment, as broad as
long, ventral valve usually protruding. Legs, including the coxfE. pale yellowish.
Wings hyaline, nervures pale, areolet scarcely visible. Length L50-2.2o mm.
Male. — Differs from the female by having lower face and genaj yellow, antennae
15-jointed, third joint about one and one-half times the fourth. Length 1.25-
1.50 mm.
Descrilx'd from twenty-four females and twenty-two males bred
from galls of Ilolcaspis rube/is Gill, and Dnjophanta (jlabra Gill,
all taken at Manitou, Colo.
AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA. 95
Three males bred from gulls reseml)lin<r those of HoIcaspU montl-
coJa Gill. 5111(1 sent me by Mr. Trevor Kiiicaid, of Olympia, Wash.,
differ from the specimens bred here by having the hind tibite blackish
in color. Five males from Ames, la., seem to differ only in having
the sides of the abdomen somewhat less punctured.
Syiiergiis iiiciidax Walsli.
.^ynergns mctuhtx Walsli, Pnic. Ent. Soc. Pliila. ii, 1864. p. 498. n. 21, 9 .
Si/nergus mendiix O. S.. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. iv, 1865. p. 378, n. 7, 9 •
Synergns mendax Cresson, Syn. Am. Hymen. 1887, p. 180.
Synergiis mendax De Dalla Torre, Cat. Hymen, ii, p. 112.
" Female. -Black. Head, with the space behind the eyes (but not the occi]iut),
and also the face below the origin of the aiiteunie and the mouth, dull yellowish
brown varying from dark to pale, the vertex pale and moderately polished, the
rest of the head opaque and moderately pubescent. Antenna; nearly as long as
the body. 14-jointed with the last joint hardly longer than the penultimate, yel-
lowish brown with the two basal joints blackish. Thorax with the coUare very
finely rugose, the mesonotum before the scutel with coarser transverse waving
striie or rugosities, and with two acute longitudinal strise converging on the scutel,
between the bases of which strife is a shallow, but widely impressed fovea; scutel
rugose, with the two basal fovetc subobsclete : under the wings is a small, but
highly polished round spot. Abdomen highly polished ; the joints succeeding
the second concealed by it; the second joint dorsally describing an arc of 30° ;
ventral valve moderate, thin, brownish subhyaline, its tip unarmed and at an
angle of 45° ; sheaths extending a little below or above the line of the back, with
the ovipositor generally protruding from between them. Legs dull ])ale brown
or brown-black, the trochanters, the knees and the tarsi, except their tijjs, honey-
yellow or dull rufous, each successive pair of legs a little darker than the preced-
ing. Wings hviiline, veins rather fine, the principal ones lightly tinged with
brown, the cubitus hyaline and indistinct ; areolet moderate, its two basal sides
hyaline ; radial area about two and a half times as long as wide, distinctly closed
by a brownish vein, the areolet placed scarcely more than one-fourth of the way
from its basal end. Length : female .08-.10 inch. ; male unknown."
jNIr. Walsh's specimens were bred from the galls of Andriciis po-
daf/ne. I have eleven specimens of this species that I bred from an
unknown twig gall upon (2uercas rubra at Lansing, INIich. Six of
these are males, and may be distinguished from the females as fol-
lows : Length .06 of an inch ; head (except vertex and occijiut),
antennjie and entire legs, light straw-yellow ; thorax and abdomen
deep black.
Syiiergus batatoides Ash.
Syuerijns hataloides Ash., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, 1885, p. 301, 9 % ■
Synergiis hatatoides Cresson, Syn. Am. Hymen. 1887, p. 180.
Synergns baiatoides De Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym. ii, 1893, p. 109.
"Length .12-. 14 inch. Head, antennae and legs, yellowish; head punctate,
with a brown blotch on vertex ; antennse short, 14-jointed in female, 15-jointed
in male. Thora.x and abdomen black, the latter polished, the thorax is coarsely
punctate and finely pubesceiit. Wings hyaline, veins brown."
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. M.4.RCH, 1896.
96 C. p. GILLETTE.
Till?; ?})ecies resembles S. levixfentrk quite closely, but is easily sepa-
rated from that s]:)ecies by the larger size and the different sculpturing
of the mesonotum as indicated in the synopsis of species.
Synergiis atripes u. sp.
Female. — Black, with anteuufe. lower face, gense, tegulse and portions of ante-
rior and middle femora and tibise rufous or deep smoky, face above antennse and
vertex minutely rugulose and rather thickly set with broad shallow punctures,
antennse short, hardly reaching to middle of second abdomir.al segment, third
joint nearly twice the fourth, joints 4 to 14 all subequal, not at all clavate. Tho-
rax with mesonotum rather coarsely transversely wrinkled, parapsides rather
indistinct; scutellum coarsely rugose, fovese obliterated, mesopleurse entirely
aciculated. Abdomen black, without punctures, or with a few feeble ones near
the posterior margin only, second segment produced dorsally, making it pointed
and sublanceolate when viewed from the side, segments back of the second and
the ovipositor sheaths entirely covered, the ventral valve slightly protruding ;
marginal cell of wing short and triangular, areolet small and nearly obsolete.
Length 2-3 mm.
Males differ in having antennae 15-joiuted, and in being from 2-2.5 mm. long.
Described from ten females and six males bred from the galls of
Holcaspis brevipennata Gill, that were taken at ]\Ianitou, Colo.
Synergus mcxicana u. sp.
Female. — Head, except tips of mandibles and vertex, yellowish; mesonotum
yellow, abdomen black, antennse yellow, legs yellowish beneath, blackish above ;
metauotum densely and coarsely transversely wrinkled ; scutellum coarsely and
irregularly wrinkled with fovete almost obsolete; mesopleur* entirely striated
and opaque, abdomen dee]) shining black without punctures on posterior half of
second segment; second segment rounded off, not pointed posteriorly. The an-
tennie are 14-jointed, and the third joint about equals the fourth and fifth together
in length.
Described from a single female sent me by Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell,
of Las Cruces, New Mex.
This species comes most nearly to S. batatoides Ash.
SyinTguj* coiiiferse Ash.
Si/iiertins couiferte Ash., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xii. 1885, p. 301. 9 S •
Synergus comferw Cresson. Syn. Am. Hymen. 1887, p. 180.
Synergus coniferx De Dalla Torre, Cat. Hymen, ii, 1893, p. 110.
" Length .10 inch. Reddish brown, j)unctate and finely i)ubescent, the pubes-
cence being quite thick on the face : antennse 14-jointed. reaching to the base of
the abdomen ; thorax transversely wrinkled with parapsides distinct ; alxlomen
at base testaceous; posterior femora and intermediate and posterior tibiaj along
upper edges brown ; wings hyaline, veins pale."
The peculiar sculpturing of this species readily separates it from
any other described species (see synopsis).
.\MKRICAN IIYMKNUPTKKA. 97
SyiK'rvTiiM 4*acii pan Ilia O. S.
Si/nerfiii.i ciiinixtnnlii (). S., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. iv. 18G5, p. '.Yiii, n. 4, 9-
Synenjus campanula Ctesson, Syii. Am. Hymen. 1887, p. 180.
Synergns campanula I)e Dalla Torre. Cat. Hymen, ii, 1893, p. 110.
" Female 0.08 0.10 lonj;. Head black, except the face, which is brownish lielow
the antennse and brownish yellow al)ove the mouth ; the l)rownish or yellowisl)
coloring sometimes extends above the antenna^ in the shajie of a narrow stripe
along the eyes; vertex black, little shining, smooth. Antenna? brownish yellow,
a little sliorter than the body, 14-jointed ( 9 ) ; the fourth joint is a little shorter
than the third, the foHowing joints gradually decreasing in lengtii ; the fourteenth
is about once and a half the length of the preceding joint. Thorax deep black
and but little shining, with dense, delicate rugre, evenly sjnead over its upper
surface, which is also clothed- with a short, fine and sciittered pubescence ; parap-
sidal grooves not very deep but distinct : a vestige of an intermediate furrow,
especially visible in a certain light towards the scutellum ; two minute, parallel,
glabrous lines, running a short distance from the middle of the collare, backwards
(they are visible under a strong lens only) ; scutellum rather large gibbose, densely
and deeply rugose; its basal fovese rather small ; pleurae with a smooth, polished,
black space, the lower part of which is finely aciculate ; .scapulae yellow; firet
segment of the abdomen longitudinally striate ; the second segment concealing
all the following, has the shape of a regular oval when .seen from above; seen
from the side its longitudinal diameter is about equal to its transverse one ; its
outline is almost that of half a circle, whicii has a fiat arc (the dorsal side of the
segment) instead of a diameter ; the ventral valve or the tii> of the sheath of the
ovipositor are sometimes, but not always, protruding beyon.l the hind edge of the
second segment; the abdomen is polished black, sometimes brownish along the
hind edge; feet brownish yellow, tips of the tarsi brown; veins of the wings
pale ; areolet of medium size, almost obsolete, as one side of it only (tlie jirolon-
gation of the second transverse vein) is short and distinct."
Baron Osten 8acken's s[)ecimens were bred from gall.s of Ho/casjils
(jlobiUaa Fitch and similar galls, probably those of H. durlcoria
Bass, from Qiiercus bicolor.
I have a number of specimens bred from galls of Holcaspis diiti-
corla Bass, sent me by Mr. F. E. iMoesier, Buffalo, N. Y., and a few
specimens bred from galls of Biorrhiza forticornis Walsh, collected
by IMr. C. F. Baker at St. Croix Falls, Wis.
9$ynorgus albipes (Walsh).
Synuphnis tilbipe.i Walsh, Proc. E. S. Phihi. ii, 1864, p. 47!) and 4*J6, n. 17. 9 ^ .
Synenjns ulbipe.s Cres,son, Syn. Am. Hymen. 1887, p. 180.
Synergus lanx De Dalla Torre, Cat. Hymen, ii, 1893, p. 111.
" DittVi-s from Ixviveutris O. S. only as follows: First. Tlie entire body, includ-
ing the head, with the e.'cception of the palpi which are whitish or pale yellowish-
is always black. Second. The antennse of the female are 14-jointed (not 13-
jointed), the last joint one-third longer than the preceding one. Third. The
seiond abdominal joint always covers the terminal joints l)oth in male and female.
Fourth. The legs are wliitish, scarcely tinged with yellow, with the tarsal tips
brown, but otherwise immaculate in a single male, where the hind femora and
TK.\NS. AM. KXT. SOC. XXIII. (13) MARCH, 1896.
98 C. p. GILLETTE.
tibiie, and in a less degree the intermediate ones are brown. Fifth. The sheaths
of the ovipositor do not project beyond the line of the back, or scarcely, and in a
single female only, though the ovipositor often projects fnmi between them, which
is not seen in any of my five Ixviventris females. Length of male .04-. 07 inch. ;
female .07-. 09 inch.
"Twelve males and eight females bred from the galls of Q. floggi
(equals Q. hunt f Fitch) on the 4th of August, when I obtained 41
males, 5 females, and other specimens August 1st and after August
4th, all from galls of the preceding year's growth. Hence it would
seem that this species is not double brooded like keviventrls."
Mr. Cresson, in his " Synopsis of the Hymeuoptera," etc., pub-
lished in 1887, make this species .syuonymous with laiue Fitch, which
I think is a mistake. In laiue the head, except the vertex, is straw-
colored, while in albipes it is all black ; in kuue the second abdominal
segment does not completely cover the succeeding, wdiile in albipes it
iloes ; in lance the females are 15-jointed, while in albipes they are
but 14-jointed. I have both species in my collection, and they are
very distinct.
As the name albipes was preoccupied for an European species by
Hartig, I will suggest for Walsh's species the name ivalshli. jNIv
specimens were bred from galls taken at Lansing, Mich., but what
galls I do not know.
^iyiier$;iiw leviventrix O. S.
Si/iiophnis lwvife)ifris O. S., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. i, 1861, p. 57, 9 % ■
Symphrtis Isevirenfri.s WuMi, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. ii. 1864, p. 494. n. 16, 9 % ■
Synergus Iseviveiitris O. S., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. iv, 1865, p. 375, n. 3.
Synergus Iseviventris O. S., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. v, 1867, p. 380.
Synergus Iseviventris Cresson, Syn. Am. Hymen. 1887, p. 180.
Syvergus leviventris De Dalla Torre, Cat. Hyme'i. ii, 1893, p. 111.
" Female 0.07-0.08 long. Head reddish brown, vertex darker, antennse brown-
ish yellow, second joint not nnich shorter than the fourth, the third about one-
third longer than the fourth ; joints four, five and six of about equal length ; the
fourteenth, or last joint, is somewhat less than once and a half the preceding;
thorax black and moderately glossy, finely rugoso-punctate and pubescent ; scu-
tellum gibbose with a slight, sharp, recurved, elevated margin (thorax and scutel-
lum in older specimens often becoming brownish or reddish brown); ])arapsidal
grooves distinct their whole length ; fovese at the base of the scutelluni rather
small, Imt distinct; pleursE black or brownish, polished and glossy under the root
of the wing, aciculate below, i)unetate anteriorly ; first abdominal segment striate ;
the second segment, covering all the following, is chestnut-brown or black, paler
on the under side; its shape, seen from above, is elongated-ovoid, the tip being
drawn out in a point; the side view is almost lanceolate, the top appearing
pointed ; held against the light, the valves of the ovipositor, as well as the ven-
tral valve, may be seen, concealed as they are under their unusually long second
joint; the ovipositor, alone, protrudes sometimes beyond the joint; feet brown-
AMERICAN HYMEXOPTERA. 5)9
ish yellow, extreme tip of tarsi more or less brownish (one of my specimens has
the hind tihise and tarsi somewhat infuscated) ; wings hyaline, veins jiale: areclet
almost obsolete, as one side of it only (which is the prolongation of the second
transverse vein) is stout and distinct; the two other sides, as well as the whole
course of the cubital vein, are almost obsolete."
This species was bred by both Walsh and Osten Sacken t'roiu the
galls of Amphibolips spongijica O. S., and Osten Sacken also bred it
from Holc(i.'<p'iK cenfrlcola O. 8. I have ({uite a nuinher of specimens
in my collection that I bred from Holcaspls (jlobala.-i Fitch in Mich-
igan and from Holcaspis rubens Gill, collected at Manitou this State.
Group III (Antennse of Females 15-jointed).
Only three species have been described in this grouj), and they
may be separated as follows :
A. Thorax coarsely transverselj' wrinkled magnus Gill.
AA. Thorax finely sculptured, not distinctly transversely wrinkled.
B. Abdomen blackish throughout ; small species, not exceeding 2.5 mm.
laiite Fitch.
BB. Abdomen largely yellow ; large species, exceeding 2.5 mm • • villosiiN Gill.
Synergiis inagnus Gill.
Si/tieniii.i magiiiis Gill., Bull. 111. Lab. Nat. Hist, iii, 1890, p. 202, J.
Syuergus magntin De Dalla Torre, Cat. Hymen, ii, 1893, p. 112.
"Head rufous yellow, vertex and thorax entirely black, abdomen rufous yel-
low, except a narrow black stripe along the tergura of the second segment, feet
light yellow, except the tibiae and tarsi of the hind pair, which are infuseate.
Length 4 mm.
" Head : face coarsely striate, vertex and occiput microscopically rugulose and
with broad punctures; antenna; black, as long as the insect, 15-jointed, third joint
but little longer than the fourth. Thorax with coaree, transverse wrinkles, par-
apsides distinct throughout, median groove reaching the posterior ends of the
parallel lines; the lateral grooves appear more like ridges, and are short and ob-
lique; shoulders coarsely wrinkled, pleunc very coarsely aciculated below and
very finely aciculated above, with a smooth, shining spot mid\v'ay upon the most
prominent part; scutellum with two small fovefe and coarsely rugose. Abdomen :
firet segment, as well as the petiole of the metathorax, coarsely wrinkled or
fluted, second segment occupying nearly the whole surface of the abdomen, ovi-
positor sheaths long and projecting upward above the line of the tcrgum, venter
considerably projecting. Wings long, narrow and slightly smoky, areolet
medinm."
The above description was made from a single female bred from
the galls of Amphibolips cookii Gill, gathered at Lansing, Midi.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. ■ MARCH, 1896.
100 C. p. GILLETTE.
Synergiis laiise (Fitcb).
Ci/nips (jiierciis lann' Fitch, Fifth Rep. Ins. N. Y. IS.ig. p. 814. n. 316.
Cyuips querc.us lanx O. S., Proc. Eiit. Soc. Phila. i, 1861. p. 62, ii. 10.
Oynips quercus lanse O. S., Stettin. Ent. Ze.tg. xxii. 1861, p. 409. n. 9.
Cynips qnereus lana O. S.. Proc. Va\X. Soc. Phila. iv, 186", p. ;5o9, n. 4.5.
Andrieus lana Ashmead. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, 1885, p. 295.
Sj/iiergns lana Cresson, Synop. Am. Hymen. 1887, p. 180.
Si/nergus lanse De Dalla Torre, Cat. Hymen, ii, 1893, p. 111.
Fitch's very brief description of this species is as follows :
"Small black flies with white or straw-colorerl heads, antennte and legs, and
with shininor smoky yellow abdomens, having a black or blackish cloud occu])ying
their hack and sides, the females with Lo-jointed antennje, and their length 0.09."
I liave two appai'ently typical specimens of this species which I
bred from the galls of Andrienx jioccl at Ames, Iowa.
To Fitch's description I will add the following :
The only black on the head is on the vertex and the tips of the mandibles; the
only light coloration upon the thorax is along the parapsidal grooves themselves,
which are rufous; the mesonotum is moderately shining and very finely and
evenly sculptured ; the f.)vese of the scutellum are rather large and shining; the
abdomen is black, shading into smoky brown posteriorly and beneath, and is as
broad as long and rounded otf posteriorly, not prolonged in a point: the second
segment m>t quite covering the third and fourth, the second segment without
punctures, the ovipositor sheaths and ventral valve ])romiuently exposed.
Kyii<'r<;ii<ii villo!«iis (4ill.
Si/iicnjiis vilhsxs Gillette, Hull. 111. Lab. Nat. Hist, iii, 1890. p. 202, ?.
Sj/nerqu.s villofnis De Dalla Torre, Cat. Hymen, ii, 1893, ]). 114.
■'The front, above the insertion of tiie antennge. the vertex, a broad stripe ex-
tending over the occiput to the collar, the entire thorax, a broad blotch on the
second abdominal segment extending far down at the sides, the tips of the man-
dibles, and a spot upon the tergum of the fifth abdominal segment black ; feet,
including the coxse, light yellow, orbits and antennae sliglitly rufous, other parts
light yellow. Head : face rather finely striate, vertex and (xriput with numerous
coarse punctures on a microscopically sculptured surface, antennae 15-jointed,
nearly as long as the body. Thorax : mesonotum with fine trnnsverse ridges, the
furrows between lieariug coarse, but shallow and somewhat confluent punctures,
parapsidal grooves very distinct, median groove narrow and extending but a short
distance, parallel lines and lateral furrows not very distinct, pleui-je coarsely
aciculatcd below, finely above and with a smooth median spot; scutellum bifo-
veate. rather coarsely sculptured, foveas shallow, the sculpturing somewhat ob-
scured by pubescence. Abdomen : first joint, as well as petiole of metathorax,
fluted, second segment occupying nearly the entire surface of the abdomen, venter
rather prominent. Wmgs hyaline, areolet rather indistinct.
" Described from two specimens ( 9 ) hred from the galls of Acra.'<-
pis villosus Gill, taken in Towa."
Trans. Am. Eiit. Soc. \'o!. XXIII.
PI. I.
^^p:
Trans Am. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXIII.
PI. FI.
Trans. Am. Rnt. Soc. W,!. XXIII.
n. III.
Trnns. Am. Eiil. Soc. Vol. XXIII.
PI. IV.
CO^=, ^^^...>-=. CO CO
40
co_-=^
'-OD
41 ^S 42
Trans. Am. Etit. Soc. Vol. XXIII.
PI. V.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN.E. 101
THK LAiMIINi: OF NORTH AMERICA.
BY CHARLES W. LENG, B.S., WITH NOTES AND DESCRIPTIONS
BY JOHN HAMILTON, M.D.
After spending much time and bestowing much labor on the present
work, Mr. Leng was compelled to abandon its further prosecution
by causes beyond his control. All work done was placed in the
hands of the writer to use as might be thought best. Mr. Leng had
the paper prepared for the press as far as Leptostylus, and that part
is published from his manuscript. From Leptostylus onward the
most of the tables, bibliography and distribution, were furnished by
Mr. Leng. What renuiined to be done was the completion of these
and the furnishing of descriptive notes under the species ; this is
represented in the text by the matter inclosed in square brackets.
The writer is responsible for all following the close of the synopsis
proper, being notices of synonymy and species introduced or described
since 1884, the date of the commencement of the synopsis of the
Cerambycidte. As this paper is likely to fall into the hands of
many who have not. access to detailed systematic descri[)tions, to
make it useful to such the salient features of each species are given,
being taken from the insects themselves, except when not obtained.
John Hamilton.
Allegheny. Pa.,
March 18, 1896.
Preliminary Remarks by Mr. Leng.
Since 1767, when Linne described Lagocheirti^ araneijormi^, the
number of our Laniiinie described has continually increased, and
owing to the scarcity of the books containing them, the descriptions
are accessible to but few students. The object of the present paj)er
is to bring together these descriptions and thus complete the series
conunenced some years ago in the Bulletin of the Brooklyn Ento-
mological Society. All the genera containing numerous species have
been recently treated in synoptic form by Dr. Horn, and they will
therefore be but briefly copied here. For a more detailed study the
reader is referred to the original papers, viz. : " Notes on some genera
of Cerambycidse of the United States," Trans. Am. PCnt. Soc. vii,
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
102 , LKNG AXT) ITAMFT-TON.
1878 ; " Notes on some genera of" (Jeranibycidte with descriptions of
new species," Trans, viii, 1880 ; and " Descriptions of some new
Ceranibycidse with notes," Trans, xii, 1885.
In tlic stndy of this sul)fainily tlie specimens that accnmnlate dis-
j)hiy ditferences in color, in punctnation and in vestiture, tliat do not
always indicate specific difference. Tlie influence of climate and of
the food-})lant is very marked, and the variation thereby occasioned
has led to the description of some species that are now considered
races or synonyms. Where slight difference in color, etc., accompany
difference in food-plant or locality I have considered them indicative
of races ; where these differences, though they may seem of consider-
able import when only two extremes are compared, are connected by
intergrades I have considered them as indicative of individual
variation. Should the reader possess only the two extremes, I beg
him to believe that the intergrades, nevertheless, do exist.
It is a pleasure to acknowledge the assistance I have received from
Mr. Frederick Blanchard and Dr. John Hamilton, to whom I owe
many of my specimens; to Mr. Samuel Tlenshaw, who has revised
the lists of localities given ; and to Dr. Horn, who has allowed me
to use his collection and library, and, in addition, has given much
advice throughout the paper.
The tribes represented in our fauna are arranged in series, as
follows :
I. lliiiiu'i'iil iiufilcis not proinineut ; inctiistcrmiiu sliort ; winjis wantinir ; front
tibiio snlcali" DORCADIOIDES.
A. Front large, ]>ali)i slender.
Sunjiort of lal)runi tlistinet, coriaceous I. Dorcadiini.
Siipjwrt of lahruni not visible II. Monileminl.
II. Humeral angles distinct; wings jierfcct ; elytra entire ; front tibisu sulcnte.
A. Body small, elytra gibbous or spinous near the base; protliorax const rictt'd
behind, front large, intle.xed ; ungues divergent- CYRTINOIDES.
Front coxal cavities rounded III. Cyrtinini.
Front coxal cavities angulated IV. Psenocerini.
15. Body elongated, usually large, elytra not gibbous; scape of antennie with
an apical cicatrix (except Dorcaschema) ; front coxal cavities an-
gulated, sometimes a little open behind ; eyes rather finely granu-
lated ; ungues usually divaricate, but variable LAMIOIDES.
V. Monohammini.
V,. Ungues divergent.
a. Scape of antennie with an opi^n ai)ical cicatrix ; front coxal cavities angu-
lated, middle coxa^ ojJi'U ; eyes finely granulated ; Ixidy hi'oad.
MESOSOIDES.
VI. Mesosini.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN.E. 103
b. Scape of anteiiiiii- witliuiit cicatrix; front coxal cavities varial)lc, middle
open ONCIDEROIDES.
Front large, tlat ; front coxsb angulated X. Onciderini.
Front convex ; front coxiv nearly rounded ; eyes very coai-sely firanulated.
XI. Ataxiini.
Front inflexed, form very elongate XII. Hippopsini.
D. Ungues divaricate ; scape of antenna? without cicatrix.
a. Front coxa; rounded, middle coxiv closed, or nearly so ; form usually stout.
ACANTHODEROIDES.
VII. Acanthoderini.
b. Front coxa- angulated, middle coxie open POGONOCHEROIDES.
Sujjport of lahrum coriaceous VIII. Pogonocherini.
Support of labruni not visible IX. Desmiphorini.
c. Front coxse ])rotuberant, subconical, cavities angulated. middle coxa? open
externally ; eyes very finely granulated ; form cylindrical, jjrotho-
rax never armed, rarely tuberculate on the sides.
SAPERDOIDES.
I'ngues simple (except the outer one of front and middle tarsi in certain
males) XIII. Saperdini.
Ungues cleft or appendiculate XIV. Phytoeciini.
III. Humeral angles distinct, wings perfect, elytra abbreviated; front tibise not
sulciite ; claws divaricate METHIOIDES.
a. Front coxal cavities angulated, widely open behind ; middle coxal cavities
open externally ; front short, eyes very large, coai-sely granulated ;
oral organs atrophied XV. Methiini.
Tlie arrangement of tribes stated above is copied from the " Clas-
sification," except that tlie i\[ichtliy!>oiniiii are omitted ; the reasons
for tliis coiu'se appear beh)W.
:VIICIITIIY!>>i0.^1.\ LeConte.
i^I. iK'lorodoxiiiii Lee, 185'i, Journ. Ac. Phil. ser. 2, ii. p. 30.
Length 6 8 mm.; .24-.32 inch. Habitat. — (Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia.
Tlii.s insect lias been very rare in collections, only two or three
specimens nntil recently beiiiii- known. I owe mine to the kindness
of Mr. Blanchard, who foinid several si)ecimens near Iliiihlands,
N. C, rnnning on the branches of oaks. It is black, the head and
prolhorax densely coar.><ely i)unctiired, the elytra less densely punc-
tured, shinino;, with short liairs proceedino; from the punctures. The
prothorax is as wide as the head, with an acute lateral spine rather
in front of the middle. The resemblance to Moiiilema and Cyrtlnii^
is very nnirked, and it shares the ant-like habit of the latter when
seen runniiiii' in lite. It lacks, however, the essential characters of
the subfan)ily Lamiinie, viz. : the sulcate tibiae and the slender palpi.
The first character, it is true, is also lacking in the degenerate ]Me-
thiini ; but Michthysoina does not present an assemblage of feeble
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. MARCH, 1896.
104 LENG AND HAMILTON.
characters that would permit it to be attached at the end of a group
as a feebly differentiated cousin. The simple tibise, for though de-
scribed by Dr. LeConte as " feebly sulcate," they are really not at all
sulcate, place this insect in the subfamily Cerambycinje, there to con-
stitute a tribe related to Clytini. It may be noted that the affinity
of this tribe through Euderces towards the Lamiinse has already
been stated, vide " Classification" p. 303.
The absence of the tibial sulci was pointed out by Dr. Horn several
years ago, and I believe that he also stated then the true position of
the tribe.
Tribe I. Dorcadiini.
This tribe, represented by numerous species in the neighborhood
of the Mediterranean, has but two representatives in our fauna :
Plectrura spiiiicauda Mann., 1852, Bull. }Iosc. ii, p. 366; Eschsch. Dej.
Cat. 3 ed. p. 373: producta Lee, 1854, Proc. Ac. Phil, vii, p. 19; LeConte, U.
S. Pacif. E. E. Ex. and Surveys xii, part ii, Entom. Eeport. 1857, p. 65, pi. 2,
fig. 15; Coleop. Alaska (Tr. Ara. Ent. Soc. xxi, 31).
Length 11-12 mm. ; .44-.48 inch. Habitat. — Sitka, Queen Charlotte Island,
Vancouver, Oregon, Washington.
Ipoclius fascialus Lee, 1852, Jour. Ac. Phil. ser. 2. ii, p. 167 ; subnitidns
Casey, 1891, Ann. N. Y. Ac. Sci. vi, p. 45 ; pubescens Casey, 1. c.
Length 7.5-4.5 mm. ; .30-. 18 inch. Habitat. — ^Southern California.
The first is a brownish insect with rows of shining tubercles on tlie
elytra, which, at the apex, are prolonged into acute serrated cusps.
The sides of the prothorax are armed and serrate. Mr. C. J. Weidt
informs me that this species is frequently beaten from the crab apple.
The second is a robust convex insect, sparsely clothed with long
erect hair ; the thorax, which is unarmed, bears two pairs of discal
pubescent spots ; the elytra have three transverse, pubescent fasciiB,
irregular in design and variable in extent, sometimes so broad as to
cover the posterior part of the elytra. The males are more slender
than the females. Gen. Casey states that this species occurs on the
blossoming branches of pine. From the range of variation observed
in a considerable number of specimens I am satisfied that the char-
acters on which this author ba.ses two new species are only individual.
Tribe II. Monilemini.
Contains the genus Monilema only. Dr. Horn's synopsis (Trans.
Am. Ent. Soc. xii, pp. 182-184) is as follows:
A. Scape of antennse submucronate inwards at tip; fli"st joint of hind tarsus as
long, or even longer than the next two and comparatively slender.
Subgenus Ifloiiileina.
]}. S(!ape of antennae simple: first .joint of hind tarsu.s not longer tlian the next
two and broad Subgenus Collaptoryx.
SYNOPSIS OF TllK I.AMIIN.T:. lUo
Subgenus .lloiiileiiia.
In addition to the aUove-nanied ciiaractcrs the f'ollowiiiL;- may be
mentioned : the first and second joints ot* tlie hind tarsi arc ulahrous
at middle, the second with a narrow, sj)ongy, pnhescent space each
side, the tliird entirely spongy ])ubescent. The anterior and middle
tarsi have the first three joints spongy pubescent beneath, the j)ubes-
cence divided by a narrow line.
The two sjjecies belonging here are separated as follows :
Tliorax qundrate, or a little wider than louj;, the sides with a feotile tubercle;
elytra sparsely and regularly punctured at iiasal half, wrinkled at apex,
the sides arcuately deflexed aiiiiiilsttiiiu.
Thorax cylindrical, usually longer than wide, without trace of spine or tu1)ercle;
elytra not conspicuously punctate, usually smooth, but feebly shining,
sometimes with deep longitudinal wrinkles, the sides abruptly deliexed
and obtusely margined near the base apprciiisiiill.
Subgenus C'oIIaploryx.
The vestiture of the tarsi is variable, and by it and other structures
the species may be separated as follows :
Scape of antennse and legs smooth 2.
Three basal joints of antennse and legs coarsely punctured 7.
2. First joint of hind tarsus without any spongy pubescence beneath 3.
First joint of hind tarsus spongy pubescent over almost the entire surface- -8.
■i. Second joint of hind tarsus with a small spongy pubescent space each side- -4.
Second joint of hind tarsus without trace of spongy pubescence 6.
4. Thoracic spines long and acute, directed strongly ujiward and backward.
Elytra with slightly depressed disc, the sides abruptly declivous, obtusely
margined near the humeri ; thorax with veiy few punctures- -$(i^;a!!t.
Thoi'acic si)ines small or tuberculiform, sometimes barely perceptible 5.
.5. Thorax with numerous coarse and fine punctures intermixed over the entire
surface, the coarser punctures more numerous near the l)ase and a])ex.
^•einipuiictatuiii.
Tht)rax almost entirely smooth, a few j)unctures at most, along the base and
apex.
Elytra with extremely few i)uuctures, these placed at the middle of the sides
and under the humeri la'vigaliiiii.
Elytra with numerous (loarse punctures extending two-thirds to ajiex, the
deflexed portion jjunctured nearly to the apex ariiiatiiiii.
6. Anterior tarsi %, with the fii-st three joints spongy pubescent beueatli : thorax
coarsely punctured with a feeble lateral tubercle ubIUKiiiii.
Anterior tarsi % icith the first three jointx spoiiqi/ piibescent beneath ,"■■ 9 with the
third joint bearing a spongy pubescent space each side ; thorax punc-
tured at ajiex and base : the lateral spine small but acute.
spolialuin.
■•••" The words in italics are interpolated, and are necessitated by the discovery
since the original was written of spoliatum 'J, . The sexual marks in section 6 are
also interpolated by me.— t'. \V. L.
TR.A,NS. AM. E.\T. .SOC. XXIir. (14) APRIL, 1«96.
KXi LRNO AM) llAMII/rON.
Tarsi % witli scariroly a trace of spon^ry ]Mil)(;siL'iK'e on any of Die Joints ;
tliorax coarsely punctured, the lateral Ki>iiie moderately lon^' and acute.
fori*'.
7. Thorax sparsely i)unctn red, without trace of lateral tubercle; elytra coarsely
punctured ; hind tarsi with a small spongy pubescent spot at the apex
of the first Joint, the second and third joints entirely spongy i)ul)es-
ccnt ^iubriiKOMiiin.
8. Intercoxal process of mesosternuni rather deeply grooved in its entire linglii ;
elytra variegatcMl with a network of very fine ])ubescence in at least
one sex.
Elytra distinctly wider at base than the thorax, the humeri slightly promi-
luait; thorax with very few jiunctures, and the.se placed along the base
and apex ; pultescence of elytra white Illkd.
Klytni not wi<ler at l)ase than the thorax, the humeri roundiMl ; thorax with
nniiicrons piinclnreson the disc; j)ube8cence of elytra fulvous.
vai*i4»l»rv.
Intercoxal process of niesoslcrnuni nearly Hat, not grooved ; elytra not pubes-
cent eraswiiiii.
The sexes of Moinlciim are distinguislied by the foi-in ol' tlu- lust
ventiiil se<iiiient broadly einar<>;inate in the male and oval at tip in
the leniale. The femora ai'e stroiio'ly (^lavate in the male, eompara-
tively slendei' in the femah;. The pygidium is usually eoncealed in
the male, exposed in the female.
J am indebted to Mr. Henry IJlUc! for a statement of the s^ex oi'
his specimen of .1/. ohivatim, of which .species it is the type, and ,so
far as 1 know the only reprowentative.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
M. annulatum Say, 1821. Journ. Ac. Phil. p. 101; rjet-'onte, ed. ii, 1«7; Lee,
1H,')2, Journ. Ac. Phil. ser. 2, ii, p. I(i7 ; Lacord, (iren. Atl. x, pi. 97, fig. 2.
Length .48. 72 inch.; 12-18 mm. //rt/<//«^ — Arizona, New Mexico, Texas,
Kansas, Mis.sourl. Nebraska, Colorado, Montana.
M. appressum Lee. 18.^)2, 1. c. ]). 1()8; Col. Kan. 1859, p. 21, pi. 2, fig. 17.
Length .56-1. IG inch.; 11 29 mm. Hnbitat. — Arizona, New Mexico.
M. g-lg-as liCC, 187.'{, New Sjiecies, S. M. ('. 2G1, ]>. 2:?(); spinicolle Cas., 1891, 1. c.
Length 1.20~1.:{() inch.; :}0-34 mm. 7/«6/Va^— Arizona, rare.
M. semipunctaturn Fjec, 18r>2, .Journ. Ac. Phil. ser. 2, ii, p. 1G7.
Length .71-1. tM» inch.; 18..V2r> mm. llahilat. — Cape San Lucas, Lower Cali-
fornia. I'are.
M. leevigratum Bland, I8(i2, Pmc Lnt. Soc. Phil, i, p. 2()7.
Length .84-.88 inch. ; 21 22 mm. Jlahitat. — New Mexico, Kansas.
M. armafcutn Lee. 1853, Proc. Ac Phil, vi, )). 234; Acan. Nat. 18,W, p. 128. pi.
13, lig. 2.
lA'iigth .(!(} 1.00 inch.; 1(5.5-25 mm. Habitat. — New Mexico, Texas, Colorado.
M. obtusum Lee, 1873. New Si)ecies. S. M. C. 264. \\. 230.
Length .75 inch. ; 19 mm. llnhital. — Utah, very rare. One siiecimen known.
SYNoi'si.s OF riii: lamiinm;. 107
M. spoliatum Horn, Iwrt"), Tiiins. Am. lOiit. Sue. xii, p. ]M(j.
Liiifitli .7') l.WI iiicli. JJithiliit. — San Henianliiio, (California.
M. forte Leo., 1H7:J. 1. c. p. S.iO.
I>fn>ith 1.20incli.; .'JO nun. IlahUal. — Arizona, very r;ire. Oiiii spccinicn known.
M. subrugrosura Bland, 1H(>2. 1. c. ; Tln)ni.s. Pliysis, i, \t. ~'y.
Li'DRlli .7H 1. OH inch.; V.).'i riTinni. Ilnhitdt. — (Jiij)e San Lucii.s, California.
M. ulkei Horn. iHrt."). 1. c.
Lenfrtli .7<>-.H(J inch. Jfuliitat. — New Mexico. Texas.
M. variolar^ Thoins., Ifidl. IMiysis, i, 1. p. 77.
I.cnutli .70 -.88 inch. ; 18-22 mm. JlahHat.—MnxuM (doubtfnlly IJ. S.).
M. crassum Lee, 1853, Proc. Ac. Phil. vi. ]>. 2:51; Lacord.. (ien. Col. ix, l8(j!>, p.
281, not. 2.
Length .74-.90 inch. : 18.5 .22..") mm. JLihilnl.—SL-w Mexico, S. VV. Texas.
In addition to the do.scriptions cited iil)ove, each species i.s rcdc-
scrihod l)y Dv. Horn, Tniiis. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, p. 18(5. All the
species of Moiilleiaa live ou cactii.s. The imagines are foinid (Mi
those plants, and Mr. W. (J. Wright and other friends in the south-
west tell me they have found the larvie boring in th<!rn. The locality
" Montana" for M. (luniilutiiia is tak(;n from si.x specimens collected
hy .Mr. L. Kennedy near IJiati-lifonl, in that State, where ca(;ti are
ahundant. They e.vhihit coiisi<l('ral)le variation in .sculpture, hut are
otlierwi.se identical with the more .southern form.
Tribe III. Cyrtinini.
Contains a single representative occurring in the Atlantic States
on dead branches of oaks. It is the smallest Lamiine in our fauna;
dark piceous, the antennje annulate, the elytra ornamented with a
transverse blotch of wdiite jjubescence before the middle. The pro-
thorax is smooth, oval, very convex ; the elytra are al.so convex and
each bears, near the scutellum, a large, acute spine. The legs are
stout, the thighs strongly clavatc, and the sulci of the anterior tibiie
are distinct.
CyrtiniiM |>.y{;iniCiiN Hald. (Cii/tiiH), 1847, Trans. Am. Phil, x, p. 12 ; Lee,
18.52, .Joiirn. Ac. Phil. ser. 2, ii, p. l&i; minidissimiiH Dej., Cat. IJ, ed. \>. :j.57.
Length .08 .12 inch. ; 2-.'J mm. Hnhilat.—\hi)y,uii:i. District of Col imbia, Penn-
sylvania, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, MaKsachuselt.s. Canada.
Tribe IV. Psenocerini.
Contains a single rej)resentative occurring in the Atlantic .States
and westward to Nebraska on various forest trees and at times de-
structive to the cultivated curran.t. It is a dark brown or black
in.sect, densely punctured, with tlu; .scutellum, a narrow oblirpie band
compo.sed of two spots about the middle, and a wider transverse
TKAN8. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. AI'KIL, 1896.
108 LENG AND HAMILTON.
band behind the middle and not extending to the suture, clothed or
composed of white pubescence. The elytra are cylindrical, and each
bears an oval elevation near the scutellum, which is feeble, or may
disappear in small s}>ecimens. This insect is abundant and varies
greatly ; the white mai-kings of the elytra ai'e often indistinct and
even entirely absent. The name tridbi has been applied to a small
specimen lacking the elytral elevation and the bands, but, as pointed
out by Dr. Hamilton, these characters indicate only individual va-
riation.
I'senocerns i^uperiiotatiis Say (Clijtits), 1823, Journ. Ac. Phil, iii, p. 425;
Leo., ed. ii. 200; Hald., 1847, Trans. Am. Phil. x. p. 42; Osten Sacken,
Proc. Ent. Si)C. Phil, i, p. 122; limifer Dej. Cat. 3, ed. p. 375; triath Casey,
1. c. ; Hamilton. 1892, Can. Ent. xxiv, 160 and 298.
Leno;th .12-.24 inches; 3-5 mm. Habitat. — North Carolina. District of Colum-
bia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Massachusetts, Canada, Illinois,
Iowa, Missoui'i, Nehi-aska, Kansas. [This species breeds in jjrape, currant
and gooseberry of choice, and sometimes in twigs of apple, etc.] H.
Tribe V". Monohammini.
Seven genera, constituting three groups, exist in our fauna :
Legs long, the front pair elongated in % , and the antenna^ much longer than the
body.
Prothorax with lateral spines (ilfono/iammj) itIoiioIiaiiiiiiiiM.
Prothorax cylindrical {Ptychodes).
Scape of antennae with a large, well-defined cicatrix.
Eyes nearly divided Pty diodes.
Scape of antennae without cicatrix.
Elytra rounded at tip Dorcliai^elionisi.
Elytra pointed at tip IletoemiM.
Legs equal, not elongated {(loes).
Scape of antennsB with a distinctly limited cicatrix.
Prothorax cylindrical Cacoplia.
Prothorax with a lateral spine <iioe!>».
Scai)e of antennse with the cicatrix not shar])ly defined.
Prothorax with a strong lateral spine Pleclroilera.
iflOXOIIAMillUS ServiUe.
The following synoj)sis is copied from tlu; woi-k of Dr. Horn, Tr.
Am. Ent. Soc. xii, p. 190:
Tips of elytra rounded, the sutural angle acute or si>iniform, more especially in
the male.
General surface color brownish, the elytra irregularly mottled with jiatches of
brown and gray or white pubescence titilI»tor.
General surface color piceous or black, more or le.ss bronzed, elytral oi-naiiieii-
tation as above, the surface sculpture coarser and deeper- iiiaciilwiiiiiis.
SYNOPSIS OF TIIK LAMlINiE. 109
Tips of elytra rounded, the siitural anjrle not prolonged, usually very obtuse.
Surface color black, distinctly bronzed, the elytra witli very little or no
patches of white and brown pubescence ; antennse annulate in tlie female.
NCIltelllltllN.
Surface color brown, elytra sparsely mottled with small patches of K'^iy and
brown pnb(!scence; antennseof female uniformly pubescent. C«iirii>»<n*.
Tips of elytra obliquely prolonged and acute: elytra brownish, surface feebly
punctured, clothed with ochreous, white and brown patches intermixed.
niariiioriitor.
.11. litillator Fab. (Lamin), 1775, Syst. Ent. p. 279: Oliv. {Cerambi/x), 1795,
Ent. iv, 67. p. 85. pi. 15. fig. 109 ; Lee. 1852. Journ. Ac. Phil. ser. 2. ii, p.
148: Cerainhyx earolinemis Oliv., 1790, Euc. Meth. vii, p. G43 ; Ent. iv, 67, p.
85, pi. 12. fig. 88; (Lamia) dentator 9 Fab.. Sy.st. Ent. i, 2. p. 278; Beauv.,
Ins. p. 244, pi. 36, fig. 5; minor Lee, 1873. New Species, S. M. C. 264. p. 231.
Length 13 32 mm.; ..50-1.25 inch. Habitat. — Canada to Washington and south-
ward to Florida.
Varie.s greatly in size and length of male antennie, wliieli are
sometimes four times the length of the body ; also in the sculpture
of the thorax and development of the sutural angle.
M. niaciilosiis Hald., 1847, Trans. Am. Phil, x, }>. 51; mutator J^ec, 1850,
Agass., L. Sup. p. 235; marmoratiis X Lee, Journ. Ac. Phil. 1852, ser. 2, ii,
p. 148 ; clamator Lee, 1. e p. 149.
Length 16.5-27 mm.; .66-1.06 inch. Habitat. — Lake Superior, Montana, Idaho,
Washington, ("iilifomia. Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Van-
couver, Oliio ■/
M. NCiitcllatiis Say, 1824 (Ceramhyx), Long's Exp. ii, p. 289; Lee, ed. i, 192;
Lee. 1. e p. 148 ; Mann., Bull. Mose 18,53, iii, p. 248 ; resutor Kirby, 1837,
Faun. Bor. Am. iv, p. 167 ; oregonennin Lee, 1873, New Sjjccies S. M. C. 264,
p. 231 : obtiisus Casey, 1. e; Coleop. Alaska, Tr. Am. Ent. Soe xxi, p. 31.
Length 16 31 mm.: .64-1.24 inch. Habitat. — Maine to Oregon and Hudson's
Bay region. Arizona, Colorado. New Mexico, Alaska. British Columbia.
The sfutellum is consj)icuously clothed with white })ubescence, the
median line more or less denuded. The punctuation also is variable,
and those sj)ecimens described by LeConte as ()rer/oiieiisij<, and Casey
as obfit.^ii.-<, in which the pubescence of the scutellum is amply divided
by the median glabrous line, and that of the elytra more evidently
arranged in small jiatches nuiy indicate a race that is being differ-
entiated in the Pacific States ; at present the differences seem evan-
escent.
31. eonriiMOr Kirby, 1837, Faun. Ror. .\m. iv. p. 168; Lee, 1852, ,Iourn. Ac.
Phil. .ser. 2, ii. p. 148.
Length 28 31 mm.; 1.10-1.24 inch. Hnhitat. —(JiUVMhi. New England and Mid-
dle States.
The male antennte are often twice as long as the body.
TR.\NS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. .\PRIL. 1896.
110 LENG AND HAMILTON.
yi. niariiiorator Kirby, 1837, p. 169 {Lamia) mannoratn Rand.. 1838, Bost.
.louni. ii, ]). 42; faiitor Lee, 1852, 1. c. p. 149; acntus hacord., 1869, Gen.
Col. ix, p. 316. not.; maculosus Halcl., Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 51.
Len^h 25 mm. ; 1.00 inch. Ilahitat.—'Novii Scotia to Late Superior.
Tliis species is rare in collections.
All the species of Monohammus are redescribed by Dr. Horn in
the Trans. Am. Eut. Soc. xii, pp. 191-192. They infest pine trees.
PTYCHODES Serville.
P. trilincatiis Linn.. 1771 (Cerambyx) ; Mant., Plant, vi, p. 532; Drury, Ins.
p. 91, pi. 41, fig. 1, 9 ; Lee. 18.52, 1. c. p. 146; Saperda vittafa Fab., 1777,
Gen. Maut. p. 231; Piychodes vittatns Hald., 1847, Trans. Am. Phil, x, p. 53.
Length 22-28 mm. ; 88-1.12 inch. Habitat. — Louisiana.
A large brown insect ; a broad white stripe on each elytral side
margin and a common sutural stripe are all continued on the thorax.
Heretofore known to our lists as vittatus Fab. ; this insect, as noted
by the late H. W. Bates (Biologia v, 95), must be called tr'd'uieatus,
the Linnaean name having priority.
DORCHASCHEMA LeConte.
The synopsis of Dr. Horn is as follows :
Thorax truly cylindrical, longer than wide; general surface color less the pu-
bescence, brown.
Thorax transversely wrinkled, the punctuation indistinct ; elytra densely cinereo-
pubescent with small, rounded, denuded spot behind the middle- wil«Iii.
Thorax not wrinkled, punctuation distinct; pubescence of elytra rather sparse,
marmorate with ochreous spots, a denuded interrupted band behind the
middle alteriiatuiii.
Thorax slightly tubularly narrowed behind the middle, nearly as wide as long;
color black ; disc of thorax finely rugose iligruill.
D. wildii Uhler, 1855, Proc. Ac. Phil, vii, p. 217.
Length 1.5-22 mm.; .60-.88 inch. Habitat. — Marj'land, Pennsylvania, Ohio,
Indiana.
D. alternatiltn .Say, 1823 (Saperda), .lourn. Ac. Phil, iii, p. 405; Lee, ed. ii,
188; Hald., 1847, Trans. Am. Phil, x, 54; Lee, 18.52, Journ. Ac. Phil. ser.
2, ii, p. 147.
Length 8-12 mm. ; .32-.48 inch. Habitat. — South Carolina, North Carolina,
District of Columbia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Illinois,
Texas.
D. iiiKriiin Say, 1827 {Saperda), Journ. Ac. Phil, v, p. 272; Lee, ed ii, 330;
Hald.. 1. c. ; Lee, 1. e
Length 8 10 mm. : .32-.40 inch. Habitat. — Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey,
New York, Massachusetts. Canada West, Northern Illinois, Louisiana.
The first two species breed in mulberry and osage orange, the
third in hickory, from the dead limbs of which it may be obtained
in abundance.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN.E. Ill
HETOE9IIS Haldeman.
H. cincrea Oliv., 179o {Saperda), Ent. (W. p. 28, ])!. 3, fig. 35 ; Lee. 1852, Jouni.
Ac. Phil. ser. 2, ii. p. 14(5 ; JHglandis Hald., 1847. Trans. Am. Phil, x, p. 54 ;
Saperda trilineata Say, 1823, Jouin. Ac. Phil, v, 2, p. 273 ; Lee. ed. ii, 331.
Length 8-12 mm.; .32-. 48 inch. if«6i(a(. —Alabama, Pennsylvania, Xew Jer-
sey, New York. Ohio, Northern Illinois, Louisiana.
Breeds in walnut, luulherry, osage orange and hickory, and may
be obtained from dead limbs of the latter abundantly, f-^imilar in
ajjpearanee to the preceding species, l)ut uuiforndy clothed with gray
pubescence. The antennae are very long and slender, and the elytra
are pointed towards the tip.
CAfOPI.IA LeConte.
C pnllata Hald., 1847 {Saperda), Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. x, p. 155 ; F^aperda Lee,
1852, Journ. Ac. Phil. ser. 2, ii, p. 163: Proc. Ac. Phil, vi, p. 234 ; pruitiosa
Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 149. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. vi, 234; Hebes'
tola nebnlosa Hald., 1. c. p. 54.
Length 10-16 mm.; .40-.64 inch. Hahitut.^A\a,h'a,nrd., Pennsylvania, New
Jersey, New York.
Uniforndy clothed with soft gray pubescence ; thorax unarmed,
elytra simply rounded at tip or obsoletely truncate ; frontal line im-
pressed, a longitudinal glabrous line at middle of pronotum. This
species is taken frequently by Mr. Wenzel, near Philadelphia, on
swamp oak, but seems otherwise to be seldom found.
GOES LeCoute.
Dr. Horn's synopsis (Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, p. 193) is as follows:
Surface color of the body brownish ; antenna?, of male at most one and a quarter
times the length of the body 2.
Surface color of body black, shining ; antennae of male twice as long as the body,
of females as lung as in the preceding males 5.
2. Elyti-a witli cousjjicuous denuded fascia one-third from apex 3.
Elytra without conspicuous denuded fascia 4.
3. Pubescence of surface white tij^rinai.
Pubescence ochreous or luteous, the basal region of elytra darker, less pubes-
cent piilclira.
Pubescence marmorate, whitish and ochreous, the apical region darker ochre-
ous (Iebili!$.
4. Pubescence luteous or pale brown, inconspicuously mottled with paler spots.
tesselata>
Pubesceiice cinereous or almost vviiite, uniform, sometimes with a faint trace
of darker fascia piilveriilouta.
,5. Elytra coarsely punctured ; pubescence whitish, a small conspicuous black spot
on each elytron one-third fiom apex oculaf a.
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. APRIL, 1896.
112 LENG AND HAMILTON.
G. tigrina De Geer, 1775 {Cerambyx), Ins. v. p. 113, pi. 14, fig. 6; Lee, 1852.
sor. 2, ii, p. 150; Monohammus iomeitto.ms Ziegler, Proc. Acad, ii, p. 47:
IlaUl., 1. c. p. 51 ; tigris Schoeuh., Syn. Ins. i, 3, p. 383.
Length 25 mm. ; 1.00 inch. Ilabilat. — Florida, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New
Jersey, New York, Canada West.
G. pulc'lira Hald., 1847 {Monohammus), 1. c. p. 1.50.
Length 23 mm. ; .92 inch. Habitat. — South Carolina, North Carolina, I'enn-
sylvania. New Jersey. New York, Vermont, Ohio, Louisiana. Breeds in
hickory.
G. debilis Lee, 1852, 1. c. p. 1.50.
Length 11-13 ram. ; .44.52 inch. Habitat. — Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New
York, Iowa, Louisiana.
G. tessolata Hald., 1847 {Monoliammus), 1. c. p. 51 ; Lee. 1. c. p. 1,50.
Length 20 ram. ; .80 inch. Habitat. — Georgia, N. Jersey, New York, Louisiana.
G. pillveriilenta Hald., 1847 (Monohammus). 1. c. p. 51 ; Lee, 1. e p. 150.
Length 20-22 ram. ; .89-.88 inch. Habitat. — Florida, Pennsylvania, New Jersey,
New York, Massachusetts, Ohio. Breeds in beech and in wild cherry.
G. ociilala Lee, 1862, Proc. Acad. p. 40.
Length 10-11 mm.: .40-.44 inch. Habitat. — Pennsylvania, New York, Canada
West, Ohio, Wisconsin.
PL.ECTRODERA LeConte.
I*. K('alat4»i* Fab., 1775 {Lamia). Ent. Syst. i, 2, p. 278; {Cerambyx) Oliv., 1795,
Ent. iv, 67, pi. 22, fig. 172: Lee, ia52, Journ. Ac. Phil. ser. 2, ii, p. 151;
Lamia belli Lee, Bost. Journ. v, p. 209; scalator Lee, 1. c. pi. 18, fig. 11.
Length 25.35 ram. ; 1.00-1.40 inch. Habitat. — Texas, Louisiana, Kansas. Mis-
souri, Nebraska, Illinois, Montana, Western Pennsylvania, District of
Columbia.
Black, shining, with conspicuous white pubescence arranged in
irregular transverse fasciae. The Montana specimens bear nuich
more pubescence than tho.se living in the Missis.sippi Valley.
[Breeds in various })oplars {Pojtulm), which are sometimes greatly
injured by the larvic] " Ham."
Tribe VI. Mesosini.
Contains one species.
SyiiaplKCla j^iie.vi Lee, 18.52 (3Iesosa), Journ. Ac. Phil. ser. 2, ii, p. 166; U.
S. Pacif. K. K. Surv. vol. xii, part ii, Zool. Ent. Eept. 1857 {separatum), p.
66, pi. 2, fig. 16; Tlioms., Syst. Ceram. p. 60.
Length 12-19 mm. : .48-.76 inch. Habitat. — California, Vancouver.
A large stout insect with gray pubescence; antenna' annulate,
prothorax with two black vittse and elytra each with two angulated
black l)ands.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN.E. 113
Tribe VII. Acanthoderini.
Tliis tribe, which contains a c()n^^ille^al)le nuiiil)ur of species, has
been reviewed by Dr. Horn in the Transactions viii, {)p. 115-133.
The synop.sis whicli folkiw are founded upon his, but in some in-
stances the accunudation of specimens indicates that the number of
species may be reduced.
The arrangement of the genera is as follows :
Scape of antennai clavate Suhtribe Acanthoderini.
Scape of antennre nearly cylindrical Suhtribe Acanchocinini.
Siibtribe Acanthoderini.
All the species are referred to Acanthoderes.
Suhtribe Acanthocinini.
Lateral tubercle of thorax at the niiddle, tarsi broad (Lagochierini).
Lateral spine of thorax very prominent, the disc tuberculate, antenna' much
longer than the body : I^aj^oclieiriiiii.
Lateral spine obtuse, disc not tuberculate, antennje not longer than the Ixidy
in either sex Cieiiopceus.
Lateral tubercle of thorax behind the middle ; tarsi slender, except in Mecotetnitn^.
Females without elongated ovipositor (Liopi).
Thorax feebly tuberculate or angulate at the sides a little behind the middle,
mesostcrnum broad, first joint of hind tarsi not longer, if as long, as
the next two Le|>to!>tt,ylii!«.
Thorax distinctly angulate, usually acutely tuberculate, or with a short spine
behind the middle; mesosteruum triangular or narrow.
AntenniB without traces of ciliic beneath, first joint of hind tarsi as long
as the next two.
Prosteruum narrow, but not linear: body without erect hairs- Liopus.
Prosteruum linear, form cylindrical, elytra with erect hairs- - DectOS.
Auteunie distinctly ciliate beneath.
Hind tarsi short, fii*st joint not as long as 2-3; antennse of % very long,
the fourth joint longer than the whole body- . . -9Iecutelartiis.
Hind tarsi slender, first joint iis long as the next three ; antennse normal ;
pro- and mososternum very narrow.
Elytra without lateral carina LiCpliir|;('s.
Elytra with distinct lateral carina Hyperplatys.
Females with elongated ovipositor (Acanthocini),
Body above with erect hairs besides the pubescence.
Mesosternum broad; antenuiu not much longer than the body and not
ciliate beneath, except feebly on the scape Orapliii^iiriis.
Mesosternum narrow ; antennai twice as long as the body and very .slender,
ciliate beneath Ceratograplii^^.
Body above without erect hairs.
Mesosternum moderate; antennse very long, joints 3-4, at least, densely
fringed beneath with short hairs Acaiitlioeiiiiis.
Mesosternum broad ; antennse moderate, not fringed beneath, lateral tuber-
cle of thorax close to the base, ovipositor of the female shiu-ter than
uMiil 9fysMO«Iry.<4.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (15) APRIL, 1S9U.
114 LENG AND HAMILTON.
The arrangement of tlie genera as stated above is that of the
*' Classification," and incorporates the recent notes of Dr. Horn and
Messrs. Bates and Gahan.
ACAIVTHODERES Serville.
Body ahove maculate with white pubescence.
Sutural region of elytra vaguely grooved, the groove limited on each elytron
by a feeble costa.
Elytra with moderately broad ti-ansverse baud of white in front of middle
broadly interrupted at the suture quaclrigibbiiw.
Sutural region not grooved.
Elytra with moderately broad oblique space of whitish pubescence extending
from the humeri to the suture peiiiiiNiilHriw.
Elytra without whitish space, but with a distinct M-shaped black mark behind
the middle on each.
Base of elytra in-egular, an oblong obtuse umbone at middle of base.
Smaller species (Ie<-ipiens.
Base of elytra regularly convex, without umbone. Larger species.
inorrisii.
Body above not maculate, elytra with black setse wickhaini.
A. qiiadrigibbus Say, 1835 {Acanthocimis), Bost. Journ. i. 195; Lee, ed. ii,
()f)o; Lee, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 175; himaculatus Mels.. Cat. No.
758.
Length 10 mm. ; .40 inch. Habitat. — Massachusetts. New York, New Jersey.
Pennsylvania, Ohio, North Carolina, Louisiana, Arizona.
A. peninsiilaris Horn. Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. 1880. viii. 116.
Length 12-l()mni.: .48-. 64 inch. Habitat. — Lower California.
A. decipiens Hald., 1847 [Aegomorphns), Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 45; Lee, .Tour.
Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 176.
Length 12 mm. : .48 inch. Habitat. —Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Virginia, Georgia, Louisiana, Nebraska, Ohio, Canada, Maine.
A. uiorrisii Uhler, 1855, Proc. Ac. vii, p. 417; lencogentis Thorns., 1868, Physis.
i, 6, 1). 148.
Length 20 mm ; .80 inch. Habitat. — Missouri, Pennsylvania, Canada.
A. wickhaini n. sp.
Length 10-12 mm. ; .40-.48 inch. Habitat. — Southern Arizona.
Several specimens taken under the leaves of Opuntia (Cactus) in
the Tucson Mountains by Mr. H. F. Wickhani, to whom I take
much pleasure in dedicating this species.
Form moderately robust, above slightly depressed, color nearly black, body and
elvtra sparingly clothed with short black hair. Head closely punctulate, a few
coarse punctures intermingled, pubescence very sparse. Eyes coarsely granulate,
emarginate in front; antenna brownish piceous, as long as the body % , the scape
clavate, second joint short, third slightly longer than fourtli, 4-11 gradually lon-
ger; each Joint beyond the second finely i)ubescent and hearing at ajjcx three or
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN^E. 115
four stiff liairs. Tliorax wider than long, stronjrly aiifiul'ite at middle of sides,
disc vafiuely bituberculate before tlie middle, surface finely punctulate and clotlied
with distantly placed l)lack hairs. Elytra nearly parallel, wider at base than the
thorax at middle, slightly convex ; finely punctulate with numerous large punc-
tures intermixed, from which proceed short, stitf, black hairs; sutural stria obso.
lete at base, well marked at apex, dorsal striaj obsolete; a vaguely marked ob-
lique depression starts at each humerus and disappears before it reaches the
suture. Elytral apices conjointly rounded, slightly dehiscent. Body beneath
piceous, punctulate, sparsely pubescent. Legs brownish, finely pubescent with
long, fine, brown hairs intermixed. Femora clavate ; tibiaj straight; tarsi broad,
densely pubescent beneath, without fringe of long hair at the sides.
In respect to the form of the tarsi, this species is not congeneric
with our other Acanthoderes, but it otherwise falls within the limits
of that genus, and is readily distingui.shed by its uniform dark color.
A specimen in Dr. Horn's collection was examined by the late H.
AV. Bates, and by him thought to be allied to Tapeina.
L,.400<'3IEIKUS Erichson.
This genus contains two species occasionally found in the extreme
south of our country, large robust in.sects, brown, marked with gray
pubescence. They may be separated by Dr. Horn's synopsis:
Punctures of elytra barely attaining the middle, humeral region submuricate,
disc with very evident rows of short, erect scale-like hairs.
araiicirorniiio.
Punctures extending to apical fourth, humeral region simply punctured, disc
with feeble traces of tufts obsoletllN.
Li. araneiroruiiM Linn, 1767 {Cerambyx), Sjst. Nat. ed. xii, j). 625 ; Dniry,
Ins. p. 66, pi. 35, fig. 4 (Acanthoflerus) ; Castle. In. Hist. Nat. ii, p. 462;
Thorns., Class. Long. pi. 1, figs. 1-8; Jacq., Duv. Hist. Cub. vii, p. 271, pi.
11, fig. 2 ; Chev., An. France, 1862, ser. 4, vol. ii, 247.
Length 19-23 mm. ; •.76-.92 inch. Habitat. — Florida, Mexico, Brazil, Tahiti,
San Domingo. Cayenne.
Ij. obsoletiis Thoms., 1860, Class. Long. p. 10.
Length 22.5-24 mm.; .90-. 96 inch. Habitat. — Mexico, Lower California.
C<EX01»<ErS Horn.
C palineri Lee. 1873 (Leyjto.iO/Zo.s), New Species. S. M. C. No. 264, p. 233 ; Horn,
1880, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. viii, p. 118, pi. 2, fig. 1.
Length 18 mm. 9 - 25 mm. '^ ; .70 1.00 inch. //f(/>»7a<. — Arizona, So. California.
Antennje black, each joint annulate with cinereous at base. Thorax sparsely
coarsely puiKitured. surface irregularly clothed with very fine ochreous pubes-
cence. Elytra about twice as long as wide at base, punctures moderatel.v coarse,
distant and irregular, surface without costse or tubercles, piceous black, with a
large discal saddle shaped space of ochreous pubescenc^c extending a little behind
the middle, behind which are large irregular spots of similar pubescence. - Body
beneath with extremely fine ochreous pubescence. Legs black, with very fine
black pubescence, tibiae with a cinereous band at middle.
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. APRIL. 1896.
116 LENG AND HAMILTON.
The pattern of the elytral markings in the present genus and in
Lagocheirus are the same, and in both genera the sixth joint of the
antennae is prolonged inwards in the male sex.
I.El»TOSTYL,lTS LeConte.
The species which comprise this genus resemble very closely those
of the following genus, but may be known by the form of the lateral
tul)erc]e of the thorax, which is, in every species, very obtuse.
Elyti-a witli asperities or tubercles bearing at their summits short, black, scale-
like hairs A.
Elytra without asperities and scale-like hairs B.
B. Presternum as wide between the coxse as the width of a coxal cavity ; elytra
slightly truncate at tip uiaciila.
Prosternum narrower than a coxal cavity ; tips of elytra separately rounded.
Thorax spareely punctured, the flanks at middle without punctures.
perple.'Kus.
Thorax moderately densely punctured, the flanks as densely punctured
as the disc collari!>i.
\. Thorax densely punctured; elytra with densely placed, coarse, deep punc-
tures sesgiittatiiN.
Thorax not densely punctured ; elytral punctures not closely placed, often
inconspicuous or concealed.
Legs hairy, anteunse slightly pilose beneath albidtis.
Legs not hairy, antennae not pilose.
Surface of thorax not tuberculate, even, punctures regularly placed.
Elytra very indistinctly punctured, especially at apex, the disc with
angulate fascia behind the middle, the apices feebly obliquely
truncate biustUM.
Elytra distinctly punctured over the entire sui'face, disc with acutely
angulated fascia, apices slightly prolonged not obliquely truncate.
parvus.
Elytra more distinctly punctured near the apex than at base, apices
very obliquely truncate, disc with arcuate fas(;ia at the declivity
arciiatuiii.
Surface of thorax more or less tuberculate, and with the punctures ir-
regularly ])laced and rugose.
Elytra feebly or not Toughened with acute tubercles, antcnnie in both
sexes longer than the body, the joints three and four together
not longer than 5-7 taken together.
Tips of elytra not prolonged, apices separately rounded ; thorax
with rather strong discal tubercle iit'bulosiis.
Tips of elytra obliquely prolonged, apices obliquely truncate, thorax
with very flat tubercles.
Elytra without rows of tubercles, a few only near the base, post-
humeral oblique impression very feeble; hind trochanters of
% slightly pi-olonged plaiiidoi'sus.
Elytra with four distinct discal series of ol)tuse tul)orck's, i)ost.
humeral oblique impression well marked ; hind trochanters
of % not prolonged.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN.'E. 117
Thorax irregular, but witliout denuded spaces or lines.
terrspcolor.
Thorax with median, fine carina denuded at apex, a short ob-
lique line on each side at apical margin, often denuded.
argeiitntuN.
Elytra with asperities well marked, either as acute tubercles or
ridges: antennje scarcely longer than the body, even in the
male; joints three and four together equal in length to 5-8
taken together.
Hind trochanters of % prolonged into a short, but acute spine.
a<*iilif'er.
L. avulit'er Say, 1823 (Lamia), Jour. Am. Phil. Soc. iii, 329; Lee, ed. ii, ISO;
Amnisciis ucuUfera Hald., Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 47: A. albescens Hald., 1. c.
46; .1. marginellns Hald., 1. c. 47; A. asperatus Hald., 1. c. 46; Lee, Jour.
Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 168; tuherculatus Frolich, Naturf. 29, 1832, p. 123,
pi. 3, fig. 13; Uhler, Patent Office Kep. 1860, p. 319.
Length 7.5-10 mm. : .40 inch. Habitat. — Canada. Massachusetts. New York,
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, District of Columbia, Vir-
ginia. Florida, Texas, Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Wisconsin,
Illinois.
[A robu.st, easily recognized species, surface blackish bri)\vn, with
prostrate cinereous pubescence, a whitish band behind the middle,
broad at the suture, but narrowing to a point toward the sides, be-
hind which the surface is conspicuously fuscous. Frequently the
basal two-thirds of the elytra is clothed with grayish white pubes-
cence with a marginal streak fuscous from denudation ; the asperi-
ties mentioned in the table are black and conspicuous. The color
and markings are very variable as indicated by the synonymy.
Breeds in a variety of trees either diseased or recently cut, seldom
in old timber; the larvae mine under the bark, as do those of many
of its congeners ; I have found it in oak, apple, sycamore {Phdanus),
which is its natural food-plant (Uhler). Kiley, on osage orange.]
" Ham."
Ii. argeiifatiis Duval, 1857, Ramond de Sagra, Hist. Cuba, vii, p. 273; Chev-
rolat, An. France, 1802, ser. 4, vol. ii, p. 247; Amuiscus Dej., Cat. ; Lee. (the
genus), .Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 168 ; Horn, Tr. viii, 120.
Length 9.5 mm. ; .38-.44 inch. /fa6»<a<.— Southern Florida, Nassau, N. P., Cuba.
[Form more elongate, more convex auvl with longer antenuic than
in aculifer ; there are no denuded asj)erities, and the hind trochanter
of the male is not spiniform ; clothed with silvery white pubescence,
a slight cloud at the sides of the elytra, a short dark fascia at the
declivity, four rows of feebly elevated pubescent tubercles on each,
the apices emarginately truncate with the outer angle acute ; the
thorax is uneven with several tuberculoid elevations, uniformly pu-
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. APRIL, 1896.
118 LENG AND HAMILTON,
hescent, the denuded lines mentioned in the table may either be
present or absent ; the scutellum is frequently bordered with black
from denudation ; the antennie and feet are annulated with brown.]
'< Ham."
li. terrseeolor Horn, 1880, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. viii, 122; transversatiui X Lee,
Lee, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. xvii, 414.
Length 9-12 ram. ; .36-.48 inch. Habitat. — Florida (Bay Biscayue, Lake Worth).
[Elongate, broad, luteous brown, densely clothed with luteous pu-
bescence, a faint darkish cloud and a narrow arcuate fascia behind
middle, sometimes obsolete ; thorax short, median tubercle indicated
by a cluster of coarse punctures,, a row of coarse punctures across
base and apex ; each elytron with four rows of small pubescent tu-
bercles more or less obsolete ; the antennse are annulate and spotted
on the upper side.
Breeds in the bark of stumps and logs of i-ecently cut mastich
{Slderoxylon palliduin), also in the rubber or banian (Ficus pediin-
culatus) ] " Ham."
li. planiflorsuM Lee, 1873, New Species, Ceramb. (S, M. C. No. 264), p. 234.
Length 9 mm. ; .36 inch. Habitat. — Florida, Louisiana, Texas, Michigan.
[More convex than any of the preceding, densely clothed with fine
gray })ubescence, often silvery white in southern examples, a blotch
along the sides of the elytra (sometimes obsolete j and an oblique,
interrupted fascia on the declivity, dark ; thorax with a small, de-
nuded tubercle on middle of disc, and three or four smaller ones
anteriorly, sometimes scarcely evident ; elytra with a slightly flat-
tened area at base limited by a more or less evident carina. The
oblicjue fascia is sometimes complete and conspicuous, and the area
beliind it fuscous ; the posterior trochanters in the male are acute
and slightly [)rolonged ; varies in appearance.] " Ham."
li. uebiilosns Horn, 1880, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. viii, 122.
Length 12..") mm. ; 50 inch. Habitat. Nevada.
[Rather convex, clothed with dark gray pubescence, an indistinct
angulate band of paler pubescence at middle of elytra and a dark
spot on each side ; the thorax is one and one-fourth wider than long,
while in all the other species it is from one and one-half to twice
wider.] " Ham."
Li. arcuatUii Lee, 1878, Proe Am. Phil. Soc. xvii, 414.
Length 8 mm. ; .32 inch. Habitat. — Florida (Tam]>a).
[This species may easily be recognizetl by the silvery gray hair on
the anterior two-thirds of the elytra, while the posterior third is
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN^E. 119
smoky brown, and se})arated by a tri-arenate line concave in front
and joining on each side a narrow black line dilated behind the hu-
merus ; the first joint of the hind tarsi is as long as the next two.
The latter character if considered aj^art from others would place
this species in LlopuK, but its general facies and the form of the
tubercle at the side of the thorax place it more naturally here.]
" Ham."
I.. |>arviiM Lee, 1873, New Spec. Cerainb. (S. M. C. No. 264), p. 234 : Horn, Tr.
Am. Ent. Soc. viii, 121.
Length 4 6 mm. ; .16-.24 mm. Habitat. — Canada, Pennsylvania. District of
Columbia, Ohio, Kansas, Texas.
[Brownish testaceous, pubescence very fine, dense, dark cinereous ;
an acutely angulate, oblique white band on the elytra behind the
middle ; four or five minute flat facets on the disc of the thorax,
each punctured, often obsolete ; in well-marked examples there is on
each elytron four costulie each with a row of small tubercles bearing
short erect scales, these in other examples are more or less obsolete.
In western Pennsylvania examples the thorax is very dark, the
elytra pale olivaceous, with the scale-bearing points conspicuous and
the angulated band feebly visible or wanting ; not common.] " Ham."
t.. biiistiis Lee. 18."j2. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 169; Klug., Dej. Cat. 3d
ed. p. 364 ; Chevrnlat, Exocentrus biustm. An. France, 1862. ser. 4. ii, 249.
Length 4-6 mm. ; .16- .24 inch. Habitat. ^Ci\\\&di&, Now York, New .Jersey,
Virginia. Florida, Cuba, I^ouisiana, Texas, Illinois.
[Ek)ngate, narrow, brownish testaceous, pubescence silvery gray,
the sides of thorax beneath and of the elytra to middle, black ; a
large triangular area posteriorly conspicuously brown ; tarsi black.
Readily known by the table and the above characters.] " Ham."
L<. albidiis Lee, 18.52, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 168.
Length 8. .5 mm. ; .34 inch. Habitat. — Arizona.
[This species, from the description, resembles bitidas, but readily
distinguished by the erect, white hairs scattered over the surface ; it
is densely clothed with white pubescence vaguely variegated with
fulvous, the sides of the elytra and a large apical area infuscate.]
" Ham."
L.. »iexgutta3iis Say, 1825 {Lamia), .Tour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v, 269; Lee. ed. ii.
328: Amniscus commixtus Hald., 1847, Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 47; Iifbe.^ Dej.,
Cat. 3d ed. 36; pnnctatm Hald., 1. e 49; Lee, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2,
ii, 169; Fitch, Rep. iv. 26 (sep.).
Length 7-10 mm. ; .28-.40 inch. Habitat. — Canada, Massachusetts. New York.
New Jereey, Pennsylvania. District of Columbia, Ohio, Michigan, Wiscon-
sin, New Mexico.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. APRIL. 1896
120 LEXG AXD HAMILTON.
[Variable in color and elytral ornamentation. The thorax is
somewhat aeiculately punctured, disc with five small tuberculoid
spots more or less obsolete, pubescence dark, a little variegated with
gray ; elyti'a closely, but coarsely punctured, each with two or three
faintly elevated costse, which with the suture each bear a row of dis-
tantly placed black points, indefinitely mottled with pale gray and
dark spots, an elongate dark spot behind base, another behind mid-
dle sometimes becoming a fascia, and another near apex ; sides dark
with a gray spot near base, and a smaller one near middle ; the an-
tennse and feet are annulated.
All the above markings are more or less obsolete in a large pro-
portion of the individuals. A variety from New Mexico has the
body dull rufous and without the rows of penicillate points on the
elytra. Said to breed in pine.] " Ham."
L. collaris Hald., 1847 {Amniscus), Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 46; interruptus Hald.,
1. c. p. 48 ; Lee, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 170.
Length 10 mm. ; .40 inch. Habitat. — New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania,
Maryland, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Kentucky.
[Dull luteous, elytral surface uneven, sprinkled with minute black
spots and irregular patches of dark and gray. In typical examples
a brownish irregular band extends from humerus to middle, thence
narrowing to suture, behind which near the suture are one or two
black spots, but in other examples the bands and spots are wanting ;
the basal angles are black and polished. Thorax with three con-
spicuous basal tubercles on disc and three smaller ones (sometimes
obsolete) near apex.
Var. interruptus has red-brown bicostate elytra, with an obsoles-
cent cinereus spot at base, another at the outer margin behind the
middle, a third behind this near the suture, and a fourth before apex
at the junction of the costce.] " Ham."
L<. per|>le."KUS Hald., 1847 [Amniscus), Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 46 ; Lee, Jour.
Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 169.
Length 12.5 mm. ; .50 inch. Habitat. — Georgia, Florida.
[Testaceous, pubescence cinereous mottled with brown, sides of
elytra in front and an oblique streak on the declivity darker ; the
disc of the thorax with five tubercles, the anterior two of which are
best developed, the others sometimes obsolete ; elytra coarsely punc-
tured.] " Ham."
SYNOPSIS or Till-: lamiin.e. 121
Li. inHCiila Say, 1826 {Lamia), Jour. Acad. Nat. Sd. v, 269; Lee, ed. ii, 327;
Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 169; Amniscns sticticiis Hald., Tr. Am.
Phil. Soc. X, 48.
Length 4-9 mm. ; .16-. .36 iiuli. Habitat. — Canada, Maine, Massachusetts, New
York, New Jersey, Penn.sylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, District of Colum-
bia, Virginia, Michigan, Lake Sui>erior, Wisconsin.
[Form convex, short, robust, brownish, sparsely pubescent, the
sides of the thorax broadly, a broad fascia on the declivity of the
elytra mostly interrupted by the suture and behind this a blotch on
each, white pubescent ; a broad brown streak down the middle of
thorax bounded on each side by a line of two or three denuded tu-
bercles; a larger tubercle near middle of disc. I have bred this
species in great abundance from tlead hickory limbs ; also from black'
and from white walnut. It i.-< likewi.se recorded as bred from beech
and chestnut.] " Ham."
I.IOPim Serville.
The following synopsis is based on that of Dr. Horn, Tr. Am.
Ent. Soc. viii, 124 :
Front flat, mouth in the same plane as the front ; antennal jt>ints 6-10 ecjual ;
elytra without angular mark posteriorly ; sides of thorax arcuate, the
spiue small and acute: elytra without erect scales- .varicgatns.
Front convex, mouth slightly retracted ; antennal joints 6-10 equal; lateral spiue
of thorax at a distance from the base.
Elytra with distinct tufts of small, black, erect scales.
Sides of thorax in front of spine arcuate, the sp;ne small, acute and abrujitly
formed willii.
Sides of thorax oblique from the anterior angles to the tip of the lateral sjjiue.
Form robust ; pubescence pale cinereous.
Elytra with one broadly angulated band (resembles Leptosfi/his binMns).
crai^sulii!^.
Elytra with two aiigulate bands iiiiiiiieiiN.
Elytra with a common rounded sutural spot behind the middle black.
ceiilraliM.
Form sleiuler, ]iubescence brown, elytra with oiu' band forming a bioad
angle and with second band less distinct i)osteriorly.
fasci<*iilai*i*«.
Elytra without tufts of erect scales.
TibiiB without long flying haii-s.
Elytra with a conspicuous arcuate band behind middle scliwarzi.
Elytra with an acutely angular band behind the middle, sometimes want-
ing alpha.
Elytra without angular band, a feebly marked transverse band of whitish
pubescence piiiietatiiN.
Elytra with a transverse undulate fascia behind middle.fovt'atocolliM.
Tibiae with loug flying hairs, especially the postei'ior Sietipes.
TRANS. AM. K.VT. SOC. XXIII. (16) .APllIL, 1896.
122 LENG AND HAMILTON,
l<io|>U!$ variegatus Hald., 1847 {Amniscm), Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 47; Lee,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii. 172; var. trifasciatus Hald., I.e. ; var. oii-
scunif! Hald., 1. c.
Length 6-12 mm. : .24-.48 inch. Habitat. — Canada, Massachusetts, New York,
New Jei-sey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, District of Columbia,
Virginia, Alabama, Louisiana. Texas, Kansas, Illinois, Indiana, Mi(^higan.
[Form moderately robust, a little elongate, surface reddish or yel-
lowish brown ; elytra variegate4 with small yellowish, dark and
cinereous points and blotches, on the disc two cost?e which unite near
apex, and are crossed behind middle by a dark blotch behind which
is a patch of gray pubescence.
Var. trifasciatus has on the eljtra three irregular dark l)r()\vn
fasciae.
Var. obscurus is very dark brown, with thi-ee indistinct black
fasciffi ; beneath blackish brown.
Breeds under bark of Nerjundo aceroides (Chittenden).] "Ham."
L.. wiltii Horn, 1880, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. viii, 124.
Length 9 mm.; .36 inch. Habitat. — Texas.
[Form as in variegatus, but more convex ; the pubescence is gray
maculated with small dark spots both on thorax and elytra ; elytra
with a broad band behind the base not reaching the suture, an an-
gular oblique band at apical third and behind this another inter-
rupted nearly transverse one, black ; each with three subcostte, not
always evident, on which are black tuberculiform spots, and external
to these two other rows. This species apj^ears to be very uniform
in all characters.] " Ham."
L.. crasi^uliis Lee, 1873, New Spec. Ceramb. (S. M. C. No. 264) p. 23,5; Horn.
Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. viii, 125; mimetirm Casey, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1891, vi.
48; Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. ser. iv, 339.
Length 6-6.5 mm.; .24-. 26 mm. Habitat. — Lower California, Cape San Lucas,
Texas, District of Columbia, New .Jersey.
[Robust, convex, surface when denuded piceous. sometimes paler, clothed with '
short cinereous pubescence. Head minutely densely punctulate ; antennte one-
half longer than the body, annulate with black at the iiu isures and spotted above,
scape and joints 3-4 subecjual, joints beyond the fourth pale tinged with rufous.
Thorax transverse, nearly twice as wide as long, and nearly as wide as the elytra,
pubescence nearly uniform, convex, scarcely punctulate, spiniform tubercle in
advance of basal third: scutellum 7-ounded behind, narrowly bordered with
black. Elytra slightly obliquely impressed each side of scutellum. moderately
coarsely jmnctured, punctures gradually ohsolesccTit toward apex, which is slightly
obliquely truncate; the suture, three slightly elevated lines, the humeral line
and margin each bearing a row of sparsely placed setigerous black points; pubes-
cence cinereous, variegated with denudations; humeral angles black, polished ; a
large denuded blotch on eacli side in front of middle, behind middle with the
SYNOPSIS OF THE lamiin.t;. 123
convexity anterior a deep, arcuate, denuded black band attaining the middle
of each elytron, external to which is a short transverse baud , underside with
fine dense, uuiforni j>ubescence. Legs spotted, femora clavate, distal end luteous,
tarsi and apex of tibiie black. Similar to Leptostylux binstns.
This species is variable, frequently the raised lines on the elytra
are \vantin<r, and scarcely any of the black points present; the ar-
cuate band may exist merely in a trace. The ty])e was an imperfect
example from Lower California, but others have since been taken
there. Breeds in the dead twigs of Celtis texana {Schwarz .] " Ham."
[1<. minueiis u. sp. Habitat. -Florida (Lake Worth, Bisc^iyne Bay).
Form robust, slifflitly elougate, slightly depressed, pubescence cinereous, ex-
ceedingly fine, short and inconspicuous. Head-finely punctate, indented between
the antennae, front convex, antennie (female) a little longer than the body, (male)
one-half longer, joints beyond the fourth subequal, third a little longer than the
fourth, annulate at the incisures and spotted with black on the uppei-side. Thorax
one-half wider than long, sides oblique to frc',it from the summit of the lateral
tubercle, which is near the base and sometimes spinose, sometimes not; disc mi-
nutely punctate, a broad fuscous stripe down the middle, in which are four
minute denuded black points not always visible; scutellum fuscous, rounded;
elytra with a flattened area behind the scutellum, on each side four lines of dis-
tant penicillate black points, one of which is on the suture and two on vaguely
elevated lines, in front of the declivity a narrow angulated dark line sometimes
scarcely evident, behind which is an oblique band not attaining suture nor mar-
gin, a fuscous stripe on the disc in front of the angulated line is sometimes present,
tips narrowly truncate, i)unctuation not coarse nor close. Legs spotted with fus-
cous. Uirsi black : femora short, strongly clavate. Length 3.5-4.5 mm. ; .14-.18
inch.
Taken abundantly at Lake Worth, Florida, on the dead vines of
Melothria pendala, but it probabl}' breeds like its congeners in the
limbs of trees, Bay Bi.scayne (Schwarz). In an example from 'Mr.
Schwarz, taken at Lake Worth, there is on the elytra a broad, l)l:i(k,
denuded sutural stri])e from base to apical third, probably only an
individual variation.] " Ham."
L. ceiitrali!« Lee. 1884, Tran.s. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, 24.
Length (j.5 mm. ; .26 inch. Habitat. — Arizona.
[Form stout, as in crassulas, pubescence pale gray mottled with
dark spots; on the elytra are small tufts of black scales, a small
spot behind middle, a lateral one in front of middle and two clouds
behind the middle, dark.] " Ham."
L.. fa!s»ciciilaris Harris, 1836 (Megom), Tr. Hartf. Soc. Nat. Hist, i, p. 68, pi.,
fig. y ; xanthoxyli Shinier, 1867, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. ii, 7 ; Packard, Forest
Insects, p. 659 (Bui. 7, 5th Rep. U. S. Ent. Commis.).
Length 5-6 mm. ; .20-.24 inch. Habitat. — Wi.scousin. Michigan, Illinois. Ohio,
New York, New Jersey, Floridav
TRANS. .\M. KNT. SOC. XXIII. .\PKIL, 1896.
124 LENG AND HAMILTON.
LAVithout close inspection this species may readily be mistaken for
some of the forms of alpha; the elytra are moderately coai'sely and
rather closely punctured to apex, on each are thi-ee slightly elevated
lines the inner and outer of which unite before the apex ; on these
and also along the suture are spai'sely placed, minute tufts of erect
black scales, the two bands on the elytra while not arcuate, are very
widely angulate. These characters are taken from the forin xan-
ihoxyli. Breeds in the wood of dead prickly ash (Shinier .] " Ham."
[L.. sclnvarzi n. sp. Length 6.5 mm. ; .20 inch.
Very robust, elongate, convex, brownish when denuded, densely clothed with
fine whitish gray pubescence concealing the punctures; antennje a little longer
than the body, incisures black, upperside spotted ; thora.x wider than long, basal
constriction deep, the tubercles on each side small and pointed, pubescence dense,
punctulation fine and close, disc with a tuben^le on each side of middle behind
front margin and one on the centre; scutellum rounded, ))ubescent; elytra with
margin, suture and four slightly elevated lines on each bearing remotely placed
black dots, humeral angles polished black ; stripe on margin obscure by denuda-
tion, at apical fourth a conspicuous, arcuate, black bajid attaining the sides, be-
hind this another obscurely fuscous, punctuation fine evanescent toward the apices,
which are obliquely truncate; legs luteous, femora fuscous at middle, tarsi and
apex of tibiae black, abdomen finely punctured, pubescence rather sparse.
Described from a single example taken at Key West, Florida, by
Mr. E. A. Schwarz, and now in his collection.] " Ham."
[li. alpha Say, 1827 {Lamia), .Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. v, 270; Lee, ed. ii, 329; Am-
niscm lateralis Hald., Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 48; A. vicinus Hald., 1. c. p. 49;
A. diveniens Hald., 1. c. 49; Liopus alpha, misellns Lee. ; rtisticnx Lee, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 173.
Length 4-7 mm. ; .16-.28 inch. Habitat. — Canada, Massachusetts, New York,
New Jersey, District of Columbia, Georgia, Florida, West Virginia, Penn-
sylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois. Kansas, Texas.
Cinerens is here united to alpha. The distinction as given by Dr.
Horn is feeble :
Surface finely punctured, behind the band almost impunctured iilplia.
Surface more coarsely punctured, behind the band very distinctly so-ciiioreus.
Sets can be selected with the above characters, but between them
in a large series many gradations occur which, without violence,
cannot l)e assigned to either. The individuals are protean in f(u-m,
size, sculpture, vestiture and color, and the result of attempts to
separate them into races has not been satisfactory. Say desci'ibes
the species as follows :
" Elytra each witli a white oblique line extending backwards from the middle
of the suture. Body dull reddish brown; head longitudinally deeply indented
on the vertex ; antennre considerably longer than the body ; incisures blackish ;
thorax above destitute of tubercles, but with three small black spots placed 2, 1;
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIINiE. 125
a short tubercle abruptly acute at tip each side before the posterior angles, which
are emargiiiate ; posterior margin with a transvei-se indented line: scutel black-
ish ; elytra irregularly punctured; a few black dots, consisting of tufts of hair,
chiefly along the suture : region of the scutel dusky ; a blackish marginal abbre-
viated line from the humerus; a blackish line margined with gray, extends from
the middle of the suture, obliquely backwards, towards the exterior margin.
Not rare in Pennsylvania, also in N. W. Territory."
Some of the variations are :
a. Elongate, surface color cinereous, densely clothed with fine
grayish jiuboscence, angular band of elytra very acute, punctuation
fine, nearly obliterated behind, four rows of minute black dots.
b. Less elongate, surface color cinereous, pubescence shorter and
less den.se, jninctuation coarser, evident behind the elytriil angular
band, rows of black dots much interrupted, and in some examples
obsolescent.
e. Surface color reddish testaceous, pubescence short and incon-
spicuous punctuation of elytra moderately coarse, a little finer toward
apex ; black dots sparse ; three slightly elevated lines are present in
some examples.
d. Small (.16 inch , robust, surface reddish brown, rather coarsely
punctured, pubescence rather sparse, elytral band mostly wanting, or
existing only in a trace, occasionally well marked.
e. Yar. Jioridajiu.s. Length .16-.22 inch. Surface reddish brown,
antennae annulate, joints spotted with fuscous ; four conspicuous
series of black dots on each elytron, punctuation not much finer a
little sparser toward apex ; the posterior band is more obtusely angled
than usual, but not so much so as in fascicularis, which seems to be
scarcely more than a variety of alpha. Taken abundantly by Mr.
Schwarz at Bay Biscayne, Florida.] "Ham."
|j. puiicf atus Hald., 1847 {Amni.sciis), Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 49.
Length .">-() mm.; .20-. 25 inch. /Ja6i<a^ — Wisconsin. Canada, New York, New
Jei-sey.
[This differs from alpha chiefly by the absence of the angular line
on the elytra, which is replaced by an obscure transverse band of
gray.] " Ham."
[L. rovoatocolliM n. sp. Length 3.5-5 mm. ; .14.20 inch.
Elongate, narrow, a little depressed, testaceous, pubescence short, fine and in-
conspicuous, elytra ornamented ; autennse rufotestaceous, not annulate, twice
longer than the body in both sexes ; thorax more than one-half wider than long-
evenly rounded on the sides, which are strongly spinose, disc smooth, without
tubercles, spots or me<lial line, a round fovea on each side of middle in front of
base, some inconspicuous patches of denser white pubescence, punctulation dense.
TR.\^NS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. .\PRIL. LS»(J.
126 LENG AND HAMILTON.
nearly invisilile ; elytra smooth, punctuation fine, obsolete toward the tips, which
are obliquely truncate, ornamentation variable, but always on each behind mid-
dle a conspicuous M-like fuscous mark bordered in front with white, behind
which are several indefinite fuscous spots, the margins are more or less fuscous
with pale indentations, on each side of the scutellum two short stripes which
may be prolonged backward interruptly : underside and legs fusco-luteous.
In this species there is no trace of black points or dots, and the
thoracic fovese is an unusual character. Characterized from five
examples taken by Mr. E. A. Schwarz at Biscayne Bay, Florida,
now in his collection.] " Ham."
L.. setipes Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 48.
Length 7 mm. : .28 inch. Habitat. — Texas.
[Described as moderately robust, convex, piceo-testaceous, densely
clothed with dark luteous pubescence ; elytra coarsely punctate, three
costiform lines on each and a large lateral blackish spot, recumbent
pubescence unusually long, angulate white fascia behind the middle,
tibiie with long flying hairs.] " Ham."
DECTES Lee.
D. spiiiostis Say, 1827 (Lamia), Jour. Acad. Sci. v, 271 ; Lee, ed. ii. 330: Lee,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 144 ; texnnus Lee, 1862, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci.
p. 39.
Length 8-10 mm. ; .32-.40 inch. Habitat. — Massachusetts, New York, New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico. Colorado. Io\?a.
[Elongate, cylindrical, concolorous, piceous, densely cinereo-pubes-
cent throughout ; antennae longer than the body, annulate ; elytra
moderately punctured, each puncture bearing a suberect black hair;
female with a short, black, exserted ovij)ositor. A neat insect, re-
sembling Saperda concolor ; abundant. Breeds in the stems of Am-
brosia, especially artemisicefo/ia (ragweed), in wliich the larvte hiber-
nate.] " Ham."
MECOTETARTUS Bates.
In this genus the male antennae are four or five times as long as
the body, ciliate beneath, the third joint reaches the extremity of
the elytra, the fourth joint three times longer tluin the third, with
an apical tuft of stifl' black hairs, the seven following united not
longer than the fourth. The elytra are parallel, a little compressed
at the sides and obliquely truncate at apex ; the prothoracic spine is
near the base.
M. aiitennatus Bates, 1872, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, p. 213 ; Euiessm asper Lee,
Class. 187:5, p. 339; New Species (S. M. C. No. 264), p. 23.5.
Length 14 mm. ; .56 inch. Habitat. — Lower California to Chontales, Nicaragua.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIX/E. 127
"Black, pubescence cinereous, dense and short, not intermixed with hairs:
thoracic surface a little inequal, sparsely punctured, variegated : elytra si)arsely
punctured, with black granulations, a few asjierities, a black sublateral vitta ex-
tending from the base beyond the middle." — LeConte.
LrEPTUR^JES Bates.
In tliis (^'C'luis tlie sides of the thorax are angulate close to the base ;
the aiitennie are scarcely finil)riate beneath, the j)ro- and inesosternuin
linear scarcely .se])arating the coxie, the first joint of the posterioi-
tarsi is as long as the others united. The following analytical table
is that of Dr. Horn (Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. vii, 126), suitably modified :
Lateral prominence of the thorax rather broad and very close to the base.
Kyininetricus.
Lateral prominence more slender and acute, the tip recurved, less close to base.
Elytra lineate, eyes prominent megalops.
Elytra fasciate.
The fascia behind the middle incomplete, broadly interrui)ted by the suture.
signaliis.
The fascia broad, black and entire, oblique on each elytron, apex not lilack.
querci.
The fascia broad, black and entire, transverse, the apex also black. lacetiis.
Elytra cinereous, each maculate with six round black spots; thorax with four
spots regularise.
L.. iiyiniiietriciis Hald., 1847 (Leiopns), Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 50; Lee, .Tour.
Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii. 171 ; Leiopus eonfliiens Hald., 1. c. ; pictns Lee, 1. c. :
angulatm Lee., 1. c. p. 172; Valenus inorruitas Casey, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi,
50.
Length 7-9 mm. ; .28-.36 inch. Habitat. — Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan, Canada,
New York, New Jereey, Pennsylvania. West Virginia, Georgia, Florida.
Louisiana. Kansas, Texas.
[The synonymy is less from differences in taxonomy than from
color ornamentations; pictuii, the form most commonly met with is
pale, with short gray pubescence; four spots on the i,horax, two spots
on each elytron near to the base and clo.se to the suture, a lateral
stripe before middle connected with a broad, irregular, transverse
band seldom attaining the suture, and three spots in front of apex
arranged in the arc of a circle often united, black. From this these
markings vary in both directions, .so as to liecome nearly suffused or
entirely wanting, as in ut,onuitn.'<.1 " Ham."
Li. iiiegalops n. sp.
[Elongate, narrow, i)arallel, piceous black throughout, shining with dull luster,
l)ubescence cinereous, very fine, short and incons])icuous above, longer on the ab-
domen, two obscure, narrow, interrupted lines of grayish or reddish pubescence
on the disc of each elytron. Head smooth, minutely jiunctrtte; front convex,
TRAN.S. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. APRIL, l.-^iHJ.
128 LENG AXD HAMILTON.
with fine iiiediiin line ; eyes moderately coarsely granulate, large, prominent, not
very deeply emargiuate nor widely separated above; antennse twice as long as
the body, not annulate. Thorax nearly twice wider than long, smooth, scarcely
perceptibly punctulate, a basal marginal row of punctures, spine strong, promi-
nent; scutellum rounded, punctate. Elytra with moderately fine, evenly dis-
posed punctures gradually finer toward apex, before which they become obsolete,
apices obtusely rounded. Length 5-6 mm. ; .20-.24 inch. HnhUaf. — Florida
(Bay Biscayne).
Described from two examples without sexual distinction. The
types are now in the collection of Mr. E. A. Schwarz.] "Ham."
Li. siguatllS Lee, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2. ii, 171.
Length 6-6.5 mm. : .24-. 26 inch. Habitat. — Canada. New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, Georgia, Florida, Iowa, Illinois.
[The elytra in this species are ornamented each side with a spot
near base, one at the side a little behind it, a smaller spot at middle
near suture and another on the disc a little in advance, behind this
a broad band not attaining the suture prolonged backward along
the margin arcuately till near apex, where it curves suddenly inward
and forward forming a c-like figure, black. These markings are
seemingly quite constant. Mr. Leng has taken this species near
New York on dead twigs of sumach.] " Ham."
li. querci Fitch, 1858, Tr. N. Y. State Agric. Soc. p. 796 ; seperatum p. 16.
Length 4.5-6 mm.; .18-.24 inch. Habitat. — Canada, Michigan, New York, New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio.
[Thorax dark, with a narrow discal line of gray pubescence, and
a broad one on the sides; elytra light colored, bearing dark mark-
ings as follows : suture to posterior band, joining the suture at base
a quadrate spot eraarginate behind, a lateral stripe in front of mid-
dle, to which is joined a shorter one emarginate behind, a small
discal spot at middle, a sutural one frequently joined to an irregular
broad band behind the middle extending a little on the sides forward
and backward, and a submarginal spot near apex ; a large apical
area light colored; antenme not annulate, two and one-half times
longer than the body. I have raised this species abundantly from
dead oak limbs, and likewise from hickory; from butternut i Jug-
lans cinerea), Chittenden.] " Ham."
Li. TacctUM Say. 1827 (Lamia), Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v, 221; Lee, ed. ii. 329;
Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. ii, 171 ; Fitch, Rep. iv, p. 65 (separ.).
Length 3-4 mm.; .12-.16 inch. Habitat. -Massachusetts, New York. New Jer-
sey, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Ohio, Michigan.
[This small species is black, except a broad L-shaped nuirk ex-
tending obliquely from within the humerus to the suture, the arm
SYNOPSIS OF TIIK LAMHN.E. 129
not reaching the side, and a bihuuite fascia on the declivity, palid ;
the legs and antenniB are obscure and not annulated, the latter more
than twice longer than the body. Bred abundantly from dead beech
and hickory.] " Ham."
Li. regiilariM Lee, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 39.
Length 7-9 mm. ; .28-. 36 inch. Hnhitat. — Kentucky, Ohio.
This is a beautiful species, having the thorax ornamented with
four round black spots and the elytra each with six. This and the
three preceding have the markings of the elytra figured by Dr.
Horn, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. viii, pi. ii.
HYPERPLiATYS Uakl.
Differs from Lepfurges by the form of the elytra, the sides being
abru})tly declivous and limited by an acute ridge. The body above
is clothed more or less densely with cinereous pubescence, more or
less maculate as follows : four round spots forming a transverse arc
on the thorax, rarely an additional spot before the scutellum ; a
larger spot, sometimes wanting, sometimes enlarged to a short trans-
verse fascia, and numerous smaller s[)ots on each elytron. Rarely
the maculation disa})pears entirely and the u])per surface becomes
black. These differences, as well as tho.se existing in the width of
the body, the length of the antenna^, the color of the legs, and the
si)inous prolongation of the elytra merge imperceptibly in a large
series and ai)i)ear to me to indicate only races of one species sejia-
rable only when captured at places geographically distant. The
races known to me are as follows :
Body above niacuhite.
Larger, legs jiale, entire body pale with cinereous pubescence. califoriiieus.
Smaller, legs dark, color darker; elytra twice as long as wide. • -Hi^pcrsiiM.
Smaller, legs dark, color darker ; elytra not as long as wide. . . .iiiiiciilat IIM.
Smaller, legs partly rufous, darker; spots confluent iiij|;relliiK.
Body above black f'eiuoralis.
And I consider all as one species under the oldest name, //. a!<per-
aas Say.
II. a^«l»crsus Say, 1823 (Lamia), .Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. iii, 330 ; Lee, ed. ii, 187 ;
maculafics Hald., Trans. Am. IMiil. Soc. x, 49: L(!c., .Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci
, ser. 2d, ii, 170 ; mgrellus Hald. 1. c. ; femoralit Hald., 1. c. ; Lee, 1. c. p. 171 ;
caUforuicns Casey, Ann. N. Y. Aciid. Sci. vi, 51.
Length 3.5—6.5 mm. =^ .14 -.26 inch. Habitat. — Canada. .Elaine, Vermont,
Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, District of
Columbia, Georgia, Alabama, Mississii)pi, Louisiana, Missouri, Michigan
Wisconsin, Iowa, California.
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (17) MAY, 1896.
130 I.ENG AND IIAMri/rOX.
[By the table the several forms may be readily separated into
races or species as they maybe viewed. In aspersus the antennse %
and 9 are more than twice as lonj^ as the body, and on the elytra
are three rows of small spots (sometimes indistinct) placed on three
lines a little paler than the general surface; in muculatu>i the an-
tennae of S are about twice as long as the l)ody and the elytral sj)ots
much larger and irregularly disposed ; in nliirclliiJ^ the antennte are
as in (M])er.-<ns, and the elytral spots larger than in )iiacnlatii.s, some
of them frequently confluent ; exam})les of c<i/ifoniiciis received re-
cently by Mr. Leng, taken in Santa Cruz Mountains by Mr. Koebele,
show that it does not ditter from the eastern races except as stated
in the tabh;. Breeds in the dry twigs of Popirlm mnnllijera and
tremidoidea (Schwarz); in a{)ple twigs ( Riley j] "Ham."
Acanthocini.
The presence of an ovipositor in the fenuile is the chief character
separating this group from the Llopi. The genera as defined by
Dr. Geo. H. Horn and Messrs. Bates and Gahan in Tr. Am. Ent.
Soc. viii, 128 ; xiii, Proc. Section, }>. xii ; and xv, -300, are as follows :
Body above with erect hairs mixed with tlie pubescence.
Mesostermim broad ; antenine not nuich longer than the body and not ciliate
beneath, except feebly on the scape Ciira|>lii!>iiirii!«.
Mesosternum narrow ; antennae twice as long as the body, % , and very slender,
ciliate beneath <'erat<»gra|>]iiw.
Body above pubescent, without erect hairs.
Mes()st(;rnum moderate ; antennte very long, joints 3-4 at least densely fringed
beneath with short hairs; lateral tubercle of thorax distant from base.
Acaiilliociiiii<«.
Mesosternum broad; antenna' moderate, not fringed beneath; lateral tubercle
of thorax (dose to the base I¥yssodrys.
<;itAI*IIIKlTRlIK Lacord. Urography Horn.
This genus at present contains two species :
<jj. triaiiKiil ''**''' itiil<l . 1847 {Acanthoderes), Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 45; Lee,
1852, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, 174.
Length 13 mm. = .52 inch. Habitat. — Ohio, Missouri, Texas, Louisiana, Ala-
bama, Georgia.
[The surface color is reddish l)rowu ; the iifth ventral in the female
is prolonged and triangularly emarginate at tip, the tarsi in both
sexes are alike in width, tlie antennic are annulate, the thorax has
a broad dark stripe down the niid(Ue extending on the elytra behind
the scutellinn ; the surfiute of tiic elytra is sprinkled over with small
black dots and l)lotches, and Ix'hiiid tlie middle from the sides but
SYXOPSIS OF TITK I-AMT[>M-:. 131
not reacliing the suture is u broad ])lotc;h with several angles, behind
which are one or two smaller spots on the margin. The larva was
found boring under the bark of Celtis texana on injured trees, by
Mr. Schwarz.] " Ilaiii."
ii. f'asciaiuM DM. 1775 (Cerambyx), Mem. v, 114, pi. 14; Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat.
Siti. ser. 2d, ii, 175; miztus Fab., Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 144; petisylvanicus
Gniel. ed. Linn, i, 4, p. 1863 ; de.ipediis Lee. Agass. Lake Superior, p. 234 :
pntiiUm i Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, 175; Fitch, Eep. v (An. Rep.
N. Y. State Ag. Soc. 1858, p. 794) ; separat. p. 14.
Length 8-14 mm. = .32-.56 inch. Habitat. — C'aiiada, Maine, New Hanijjshire,
Vermont, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio,
West Virginia, Florida, Louisiana, Kansas, Lake Superior, Michigan,
Wisconsin.
[Surface color w'hitish testaceous, last ventral in 9 prolonged and
deeply cleft at ti]), anterior and middle tarsi of $ broader than in
9 and ciliate at the sides, antennre and legs annulate ; thorax bi-
lineate with black, surface of elytra sprinkled with small dark dots
and blotches, the latter forming an irregular fascia in front of mid-
dle and another more conspicuous in front of the declivity, both
frequently obscure or wanting. Tlie name despectm {piisillus %)
was applied to small individuals without the band. An abundant
species. Breeds in the bark of recently felled or deadened biennial
oaks ( Quereus tinctoria, etc.) ; also in that of maple {Acer), Packard.]
"Ham."
CERATOCiKAPIIIS Gahan.
C bigiittaia Lee, 1852 (Liopa.i), Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, 172.
Length 9 mm. = .36 inch. Habitat. — Canada, New Hampshire, Massachusetts,
New .Jersey, Pennsylvania, Lake Sui)erior, Michigan. Rather rare.
[Form elongate, scarcely depressed, testaceous, pubescence In-own-
ish ; elytra indistinctly mottled, each with an oblitjuc black band
behind the middle.] " Ham."
ACA5JTHO<"INUS Steph.
Tiie following synopsis is l)y Dr. Horn, Trans. Am. I^Int. Hoc. viii,
180:
Elytra jiuncturcd beyond the middle; antennje of % not nodose.
Elytra not distinctly costulate ohsolotuM.
Elyti-a distinctly tricostulate obliquuK.
Elytra scarcely at all punctured behind middle; antennse % nodose.
Elytra scarcely punc^tured at base, surface with three dark oblique bands.
spcctabilis.
Elytra feebly punctured at base, surface with linear and arrow-shaped vi^lvety
sjjaces iio<10!«tis.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. MAY, 1896.
132 LENG AND HAMILTON.
A. obsoletiis Oliv., 1795 {Ceramb;/x), Ent. iv, 67, p. 130. pi. 13, fi^. 90; pu-
sHIks Kiil)y, Faun. Bor. iv, 169; Bethune, ed. p. 75.
Length 10-15 mm. = .40-.60 inch. Hnbitat. — Canada, Ma.ssachu setts, New York.
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, North Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Wis-
consin.
[Form elongate, surface color whitish testaceous ; thorax dai'k,
with an apical and basal transverse row of four round gray spots,
only seen in good examples ; elytra coarsely distantly punctured,
faint evidence of a costa on each side, some small blotches and three
undulated fasciae, dark ; the fasci?e are often broken into l)lotches.]
" Ham."
A. obliqiius Lee, 1S62, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 39.
Length 12-16 mm. -= .48-. 64 inch. Habitat. — California. Washington, Utah,
Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Arizona,
[Differs from ohsoletns by having on each elytron three raised
lines, on which are rows of black points ; by having only two fascipe,
the anterior of which is one-third behind the base and extends on
the sides to base ; and by the much finer, closer punctuation.] " Ham.'
A. spoclabilis Lee, 1854 {Aedilis), Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. vii. 82; Coleopt.
Kansas, 18.">9, p. 22, pi. 2, fig. 16; Eutri/panHS pnucepsWul^er, Nat. in Vauc.
1866, ii, 331.
Length 18-22 mm. = .72-1.12 inch. Habitat. — Vancouver Island, Washington,
Oregon, Nevada, Colorado, New Mexico. Arizona.
[This large species has the aiitennre near three and one-half times
longer than the body, S , and about twice as long, 9 ; in addition
to the three undulated fascia) of the elytra there is an antebasal
narrower one. This species breeds in pine stumps and logs.] " Ham."
A. iiO«losns Fah., 1775 {Lamia). Syst. Ent. p. 164 ; Oliv., Ent. i%', 67. p. 75, pi.
14. fig. 103; Lee. {Aedilis), Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 2d ser. ii, 174; Ufidator 9,
Fah., Syst. El. ii, 286'; Astyaomas Dej.. Cat. 3d ed. 363.
Length 20-25 mm. = .80-1.00 inch. Habitat.— l<ie-w Jei-sey, Pennsylvania.
Maryland, Florida.
[This s})ecies is wider and mure de})ressed than the preceding and
with a different facies ; the antennte. S and 9 , are of the same
length as in the preceding, but in that the distal end of the fifth
joint is nodose-like from some short l)ristles, while in this the distal
end of the third and fourth joints are nodose from enlargement; the
surface color is lutcous-white, the pubescence grayi.sh white and ex-
ceedingly dense and short; there are on the elytra each .side four
penicillate elevated lines the inner two of which ai-e united before
a])ex, where they are ornamented with an arrowhead-shaped velvety
black mark inclosing a white spot ; a sh(»rt line at Itase on di.<c and
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIX.B. 133
the sides of the thoriix and sides of elytra to middle also velvety
black. IJreeds in loirs of yellow pine, the larva boring under the
bark (Schwarz).] " Hanu" "
NYSSODRYS Bates.
[This genus at present is i-e})resented in the United States by one
species.
X. lisildoiiiaiii Lee, 1852 {Liopus), Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, 173; con-
tcinpta Bates, Ami. and mag. Lond. ser. 3, xiii, 152; Tr. Ent. Soc. London,
p. 220.
Length 6.5-8 mm. = .36-.32 inch. J/niJiai.— Pennsylvania, Georgia, Alabama.
Brown, thorax ornamented with four yellowish lines, the inner
two conspicuous ; the elytra are rather convex and narrowed to apex
from before middle, on each side two costje united before ti}), and
ornamented with irregular yellowish streaks.] " Ham."
Tribe IX. Pogonocherini.
[The tribe as here defined, contains species of small size, and usu-
ally with long erect > flying) hairs in addition to the ordinary pubes-
cence. They are related to the Acanthoderini, having divaricate
claws, a rather stout body and the scape of the antennae without
cicatrix. They difler from Liopiis in the shorter and stouter scape
of the antennse. The arrangement of the genera is that in the
" Classiticatiou" and divided into groups, Tapeinse being added.
The posterior coxae widely separated, antenna? not ciliate beneath . VI. TAPEIN^.
The posterior coxse approximate ; narrowly separated.
Middle tibise with external sinus: thighs clavate; vertex concave; antcnnal
tubercles jirominent 2.
;\Ii(ldle til)iie without external sinus ; thighs not clavate, vertex flat or convex ;
antennal tubercles not prominent 5.
Middle tibise with external sinus ; thighs stout, not clavate.
Eyes coarsely granulate, vertex convex V. ZAPLOI.
2. Eyes moderately granulated, scape of antenna! uniformly jiuiictured 3.
Eyes coai^sely granulated ; scape with large jiunctures intermixed 4.
3. Lower lobe of eyes elongate IL HOPLOSI.^.
Lower lobe of eyes as wide as long III. POGONOCHERI.
4. Lower lobe of eyes broader than long 1. ESTOL.iE.
5. Eyes coar.sely granulated, lower lobe a,s wide as long; scape of antenna;
uniformly punctured IV. EUPOGONII.
Group TAPEIN^.
Peritiipiiia Horn, represents this group in our fauna, and is placed
provisionally here, having many characters of the Tribe. The an-
terior coxal cavities are slightly angulate, the middle closed exter-
nally, the middle tibiie with a .sinus externally near the apex ; the
TK.\NS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. MAY, 1896.
184 LENG AND HAMILTON.
claws are divaricate ; the head is similar in the sexes, eyes coarsely
granulate and deeply emarginate, front broad, vertical, antenna?
widely separated at base, longer than the body in both sexes, not
ciliate beneath ; thorax strongly angulate at the sides ; scntellum
semicircular ; apices of the elytra entire, rounded ; coxse all widely
separated.
P. fabra Horn, 1894. Coleop. Baja Cal. (Pr. Cal. Acad. Sci. ser. 2, iv, 404.
Length 9.5 mm. = .38 inch. Habitat. — Arizona south of Tucson.
■' Dull brown, clothed with short, fine, brownish pubescence ; elytra with short,
erect ])lack hairs, arising from evenly disposed muricate punctures. Head finely
and moderately closely punctate. Thorax much broader than long, sides strongly
angulate at middle, in front of angulation the sides are oblique, behind sinuate,
surface finely punctulate and pubescent, with short erect hairs arising from
sparsely placed coarser punctures. Elytra very minutely punctulate and fir.ely
pubescent, with erect hairs arising from muricate punctures equally placed over
the surface, but not in striae. Body beneath and legs paler, sparsely finely punc-
tate and pubescent," Horn.] " Ham."
ESTOIiA Fairm. is the only genus in the group ESTOL^.
E. sordida Lee, 1873, New Species (S. M. C. No. 264), p. 237.
Length 8-13 ram. = .32-.52 inch. Habitat. — Cape San Lucas, L. Cal.
Uniformly clothed with yellowish brown recumbent hair inter-
mixed with short, suberect, gray hairs proceeding from the punc-
tures ; prothorax armed with long, acute, lateral spine ; elytra par-
allel, rounded at apex ; antennte one-half longer in % and but little
longer than the body in 9 .
IIOPL.OISIA Muls. alone represents grouj) HOPLOSI^.
H. niibila Lee, 1862, Proc. Ac. Phil, p.- .39.
Leugtli 9-12 mm. = .36-.48 inch. Habitat. — New York, Canada. Michigan,
Illinois.
The pubescence is gray mottled with black, and there are short,
scattered, erect hairs on the elytra ; the antennae are thinly fringed
beneath wjth hair ; the lateral spines of the })rothorax are large and
situated at the middle; elytra subparallel, separated, rounded at
apex ; antenuie longer than the body S , about as long tis body 9 ,
the scape is stout, clavate, much shorter than third joint. Breeds
in dry beech twigs in Michigan (Schwarz) ; baswood (^Tilia ameri-
caiia) LeConte.] " Ham."
({roup III. POGONOCHERI.
Two genera occur in our fauna separated as follows :
Flying hairs long; prothorax with lateral spines PogOiiOC'lierus.
Protho7-ax with feebly rounded sides, ])ubescence short EcyrilS.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIINiE, 135
l*0<]iO]VO€HERlJS Latil.
The following synopsis follows that by Dr. Horn (Trans. Am.
Ent. See. vii, p. 42) :
Elytra truncate at tip and more or less dentate 1.
Elytra rounded at tip 2.
1. Legs and sides of elytra with long flying hairs; elytra with moderately large
unibone at jniddle of base criiiitiis.
Legs and elytra without flying hail's.
Elytra with lateral costaj well marked and with a row of five or six tufts of
erect bhick setie penicillatus.
Elytra without lateral costte and tufts iiii.vt IIN.
2. Elytra with moderately long hairs on the upper surface.
Scape of antennai short, stout ; lateral spine moderate, elytral punctures
[obsolete at apical third] Oregon us.
Scape of antennai slender, attaining thoracic spine, which is long and
acute volitans^
F. crinituM Lee. 1873, Xew Species (S. M. C. Xo. 264), p. 237.
Length 7-!) nnn. = .2S-.3(j inch. Hahitat. — Vancouver Island; California.
[This Species is different in facies from its congeners ; it is densely
clothed with ash-gray pubescence, a little dotted with white, but
without conspicuous spots, and the sides of the thorax are verv
strongly armed.] " Ham."
P. |»enicillaf us Lee, 1850. Agass. Lake Sup. p. 234; Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser.
2. ii, 160.
Length 6 mm. ^ .24 inch. Hnhifat. — Maine, New Hampshire, Michigan. Lake
Superior, Colorado.
[This species is piceous, densely clothed w-ith gray pubescence,
on the elytra behind the base ; the disc of the thorax is strongly
tuberculate; the antenna3 and feet are annulate.] "Ham."
P. niixtus Hald., 1847, Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 50; Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser.
ii, 160; parvtdiis Lee, 1. e; simplex Lee, 1873, New Species (S. M. C. No.
264), p. 237.
Length 5 7 ram. = .20-.28 inch. Ilnbitat. — Canada, Maine, New Hampshire,
Massachu.setts. New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Wisconsin,
Missouri, Kansas, Colorado, Montana, Idaho, California, Arizona.
[This species in general is piceous black, variegated with white
pubescence and hispid with sparse, erect black hairs. In mixtut<
there is a broad band of white pubescence before the middle from
the sides seldom attaining the suture and sometimes with a branch
to the base inside of the humerus, also a couple of narrow approxi-
mate fascia? on the declivity ; the elytra are striately punctured, a
little confused near sutiire. In simplex (the western form) the basal
band covers the suture extending forward inside of humerus, but
TRAN.S. .\M. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MAY, 1896.
136 LEXG AND HAMILTON.
does not attain the margin, the apex behind tlie declivity is white
mottled with dark pubescence, and the striate punctuation of the
elytra is feebler and more confused. In 2^arvidii>i the punctuation
is as in mixtus, but there are no well-marked bands of pubescence,
the surface of the elytra being irregularly mottled. The thorax of
the % is very closely aciculate, that of 9 smooth. On pear trees
(Leng); in dead branches of willow (Chittenden).] "Ham,"
I*, oregonus Lee, 1861, Proc. Acad. Sci. Phila. p. 254.
Length 8-9 mm. = .32-.36 inch. Habitat. — Oregon. California, Idaho (Beaver
Canon) Schwarz.
[Black, erect black hairs very long, thoracic disc without distinct
tuberculation ; elytra parallel, rounded at apex, sides nearly vertical,
separated from the disc by a humeral carina, punctuation coarse,
sparse, evanescent at apical third, three rows of small black pubes-
cent points, these are sometimes absent, sometimes strong and mixed
wdth white simulating costse ; thorax, scutellar area of the elytra,
broad undulated band across middle and many spots in the apical
area black from denudation ; basal and apical thirds, except the de-
nuded spots, clothed with white pubescence ; antennae slender, testa-
ceous, the joints fuscous at apex ; legs spotted and with long flying-
white hairs.] " Ham."
P. TOlitans Lee, 1873 {Lophopmum), New Species (S. M. C. No. 264), p. 232.
Length 5-8 mm. = .20-.32 incli. Habitat. — Lower California, Cape San Lucas.
[Clothed with pale brown pubescence, which is mottled on the
thorax with darker ; the base, sides and apical region of the elytra
are dark and mottled with still darker spots ; an elongate common
stripe of gray emarginate in front and at the sides extends from the
humeri to apical third, and is limited externally in its basal half by
the inner humeral carina.] " Ham."
E€YRUS LeConte.
[In this genus the antenuie are very hairy, the anterior tibite sud-
denly thickened at apex, tiie thorax cylindrical and unarmed, the
femora clavate, the vertex between the eyes impressed, and the tips
of the elytra roundedly truncate.
The three species at present known in our fauna maybe separated
thus:
Pubescence sil veiy white lasciatus.
Pubescence cinereous.
Thorax moderately i)unctured <lasyceru$i.
Thorax with only a few punctures at the sides exigiius.
SYNOPSIS OF TIIK LAMIINiE. 137
E. ra«<ciatiis n. sp.
Leiigtli 10 mm. = .40 inch. Habitat. — Texas (Brownsville).
Body stout, brownish piccoiis, pubescenee white, in ])art short and spai-se, sliow-
ing the surface ; in part lonjier and denser concealing the punctures ; head densely
pubescent, scarcely punctulate, eyes but narrowly sejiarated above: antennje
shorter than the body in the female, longer in the male, pubescent wliite with
long hairs beneath, annulate at the incisures; thorax scarcely wider than long,
sides parallel, variegated with patches of denser ]>ubescence, very sjiareely punc-
tured, disc convex, with a shallow median groove, in which is a short, jjolished
black line ; scutellum quadrate, obtusely rounded behind ; elytra w'ith large ocel-
late punctures more or less confluent, arranged in strite on the disc, a little con-
fused toward the sides, second interval with three large fascicular tufts of coarse
black bristles, one near base, one at middle and one at apical third, a basal fascia,
sides and apical lialf clothed with white pubescence concealing the punctures, a
broad band beliind the basal fascia not atta,ining the sides extending arcuately
backward to the middle piceous bi-own ; surface with short, semi-erect black liairs
sparsely disposed ; underside variegated by denser or sparser pube.sceuce ; hind
tibijE with white flying hairs.
Described from a male and female taken at Brownsville, Texas,
by Mr. C. H. T. Townsend, permission to describe which is due to
the courtesy of Mr. L. O. Howard, of the Deparment of Agriculture,
through the intercession of Mr. E. A. Schwarz. The types are now
deposited in the National Museum at Washington.] " Ham."
[K. dji!«yccrii*<i Say, 1S2() (Lamia), .Tour. Ac. Nat. Sci. v, 270; Lee, ed. ii, 328:
Kxacciitnis (hisi/cenis Hald. ; E. obscuriis Hald., Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 50 :
Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii. 160.
Length 6-S mm. = .24-.32 inch. Habitat. — Michigan, Canada, New Ham]>shire,
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, North Carolina.
This species is robust, parallel, uniformly cinereous, occiput im-
pressed deeply, antennae annulate ; anterior margin of thorax with
two small tubercles at middle, two black facets on middle of disc ;
the elytra are punctured striately and have four rows on each of
erect black fasciculi placed on the suture and three elevated lines ;
behind the base is a common, narrow, black band, terminating at
the middle of the sides.
This species varies from light to dark cinereous. The length given
by Say 2^^ inch, is a misprint for f\ inch. Bred, Init not abundantly,
from dead hickory limbs.] " Ham."
[E. exigiiiis Lee. 1852, .Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, KiO.
Length 4.5 mm. = .18 inch. Habitat. — Ohio, Georgia, Kansas.
Like the preceding species this is also cinereous, but the thorax is
scarcely jjunctured, the elytra are variegated with brownish spots,
the elevated lines are scarcely evident, and the tips scarcely truncate ;
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (18) MAY, 1896
188 LENG AND HAMILTON.
the antenna? testaceous and scarcely annulate. This seems scarcely
more than pauperized individuals of daxi/eerus.'j " Ham."
Group IV. EUPOGONII.
[The two genera of this group may be separated as follows :
Body with flying hairs.
Antennffi not longer than the hody, stout pilose, joints .5-10 shorter, subequal ;
thorax spinose on the sides Eupo^oniiis.
Body without flying hairs.
Antenna} longer than the body, slender, ciliate beneath, outer joints very grad-
ually shorter; thorax unarmed Lypstnii'iiH.
Some of the remarks in the " Classification" under Eupogonii
seemingly require revision.] " Ham."
EUPOGOIVIIS Lee.
The following is the synopsis by Dr. Horn (Ti-ans. Am. Ent. Soc.
xii, p. 196):
Lateral spine of thorax acute, well marked 2.
Lateral spine of thorax small, obtuse 3.
Elytra pale castaneous, the punctuation not strong, almost obliterated near the
apex, the pubescence cinereous or yellowish, forming reticulations more
or less transverse toiiioiif«»MUM.
Elytra piceous, the punctuation coarse, gradually finer, but not obliterated at
tip, the pubescence luteous, arranged in irregular small patches.
vestittiM.
Elytra nearly black, the punctuation rather cioarse, finer at apex, but distinct ;
the pubes(;ence cinereous, fine and very evenly disposed ; thorax sparsely
evenly pubescent piibesfoiis.
Elytra black, coarsely punctured even to the apex, pubescence black and in-
conspicuous ; thorax with a lateral broad line of yellowish pubescence.
NubarniaiiiM.
In addition to the recumbent pubescence mentioned in the able
tal)le, the entire body, antennie and legs, have short, erect liair. E.
subaniKitiiti has great resemblance in aspect to Anijjhloni/cha flam-
ma fa.
K. loiMtMitosilS ilald., 1H49 {Desmiphora), Trans. Am. riiil. Soc. x, 50; Lee,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, 159; pinivora Fitch, 1857, 4th Kep. separat.
p. 26; Trans. N. Y. State Ag. Rep. 1857, p. 712; Denmiphorn Dej., Cat. 3d
ed. 366.
Length 7-8 mm. = .32 inch. //((i(^(/.— Canada, Massachusetts, New York,
Michigan, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Florida.
[A beautifully variegated species shining as if varnished and
easily known ])y the table. Fitch represents his pinivora as having
the erect hairs on the antennie and elytra black and not pale as in
SYXop.sis OF Tin: LAMirx.E. 139
tomentmuH, but this was only an optical illusion. The larva mines
the wood of the pine (Fitch) ; larva bores in twigs of felled yellow
pine (Schwarz); the writer bred it once from dead hickory limbs.]
" Ham."
E. vestitli!« Say, 1827 {^^npenhi). Jour, .\ciul. Nat. Soi. v, 273; Lee, cd. ii. '.i'M ;
Pogonocherits vesiitu.s Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 50; pauper Lee, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci. 2d ser. ii, 159.
Leufrth (J-O mm. = .24-. 36 inch. Habitat. — Canada, Vermont, Connecticut,
Massachu.setts, New York, Micbifjan. Ohio. Pennsylvania, New Jersey.
Alal>ania.
[Piceous, hirsute ; thorax coarsely, nearly confiuently punctured ;
the elytra are mottled with small patches of denser yellowish brown
pubescence, which, in the individuals named pmiper, become trans-
verse lines. 1 have bred it sparingly from <^lead hickory limbs ;
hickory (Riley;.] " Ham."
E. |»iibesceus Lee, 1873, New Species (S. M. C. No. 264), p. 236.
Length 7-8 mm. = .28-. 32 inch. Habitat. — Ohio, nortliern Illinois.
[More slender than veditas, with Hner and unmottled })ubcscence,
seems rare.] " Ham."
E. subariuatus Lee. 1859 {Amphiduycha), ('oleop. Kansas, p. 22 (Smithson
Cont.) ; Lee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1861, p. 354, note.
Length 7-8 mm. = .28 .32 inch. Habitat. — VAWfi&A, New Hani})shire, New
York, Michigan, Wisconsin. Iowa, Illinois, Ohio, West Virginia, Pennsyl-
vania.
[This species is sufficiently well defined by the table ; it is alto-
gether black, excej)t the yelhnv lines on the thorax ; there is a deej),
wide furrow each side of the suture. I have bred this species from
elm {Ulmus americaua) ; oviposits in stumps of recently felled elm.]
" Ham."
LiYPSIME^TA Lee
The two species in our fauna may thus be separated :
Tliorax with widtli and length subequal, a little narrower at base than at a])ex.
sides subsinuate. i-atlier coarsely, very closely punctate fiiscata.
Thora.x wider than long, moderately convex, base and apex ecpial. sides not
sinuate, coai-sely sparsely punctate calif oriiica.
I>. fus<;ata Lee, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat. S<;i. ser. 2d, ii, 1.55; Chevrolat, Ann
France, 1862, p. 2.53; Li/psiiiiena 'f fascata f Dej., (M. 3d ed. p. 374.
Length 6.5-8 mm. = .26-.32 inch. Habitat. — New York, North Carolina.
Florida, Cuba.
Brownish piceous throughout, pubescence short, cinereous, not
concealing the [junctures, which, on the abdonien, are black ; the
suture of the elytra, and an api)r()ximate, more or less interrupted
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MAY, 1896
140 LENG AND HAMILTON.
vitta on each side grayish white ; eyes narrowly separated above ;
anteiinse slender, longer than the body, reddish testaceous, fuscous at
the articulations ; scutelluni minute, triangular ; elytra a little nar-
rowed posteriorly, a})ices separately rounded, rather coarsely and
closely punctured near base, sparser toward apex ; legs not clavate.
L.. calif'ornica Horn, 1885. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. sii, 194.
Length 9 mm. ^= .3() inch. Ilabitdt.San Diego (California).
[This species lias not been seen, but is represented by the describer
as resembling fuscata, but differing in the form and punctuation of
the thorax.] " Ham."
ZAPL,OUS Lee. Group ZAPLOt.
Z. hiibbardi Lee, 1878. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. xvii, p. 415.
Lengtli 3 5 mm. = .12-.20 inch. Habitat. — Florida.
" Brown, clothed with short, prostrate, yellowish gray pubescence, somewhat
mottled by unequal distribution. Prothorax very densely, rather finely punc-
tured. Elytra more strongly and less densely punctured ; antennae annulated
with black, finely punctulate and pubescent, without mixture of large punctures ;
frequently beaten from old vines in May."— LeConte's description.
Tribe X. Desmiphorini.
Contains only one species of the genus Demdphom, viz. :
D. ine.xicrtiia Thom.. 1830, Class. Longic. p. 75.
Length 15 mm. = .60 inch. Hdbitat. — Mexico, Texas.
"This insect is remarkable for being covered with very dense
brown pubescence, with lines and crests of veiy long, fine whitish
hairs looking like mold. Beneath it is very prettily variegated with
darker spots, each surrounded with a white line" ("Class." j). 828}.
Tribe XI. Onciderini.
Eyes not very finely granulated, lower lobe elongate ; antenna^ slender in both
sexes, vertex fiat Onoideres.
Eyes very finely granulated, lower lobe not elongate; antcnnsv with Joints 1-4
thickened and liairy in % ; vertex deeply concave Taricaiiiisi.
OX<;iI>ERES Serv.
[Thorax witli a distinct lateral spine.
Thorax with a transverse glabrous elevated space; surface densely brownish
pubescent, elytra with denuded spots, tuberculiform at l)a.se. flat poste-
riorly jmsl iilal us.
Thorax without discal callosities te.xaiiii»».
Thorax with or without distinct lateral spine; three callosities on the disc in a
transverse row, sometimes absent ciiigiilatust.
O. |»U!*itulatHS Lee, 1854. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil, vii, 82.
Li'iiglli 19 mm. = .75 inch. Ilitbitat. — Texas (Laredo. Brownsville). Kare.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN.i;;. 141
O. toxaiius Uoni, 1885, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, 195.
Length 15 mm ^ .60 inch. Habitat. — Texas, Kansas.
Clothed with grayish pubescence, the basal fifth and apical third
of the elytra darker, four irregular series of round yellowish spots
of denser pubescence ; thorax distinctly narrowed behind the lateral
tubercle, no dorsal callosities, but the median line may be abraded.
Feebly distinct from ciiKjulatii.^.
<>• (*iiii;iilatus Say. 1827 (Saperda), Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. 272; Lee, ed. ii
330; Iliild., Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 52; Lee, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii,
165; piitntor Thorns., Physis ii, 81; Hoi'n, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, 195;
rubiginosHS t>Dejeau, Cat. 3d ed. p. 369.
Length ]4-17 mm. := .56-. 68 inch. Habitat. — Middle States, New York, New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Louisiana, Texas, Arizona.
Variable in color and sculpture. The pubescence is usually cine-
reous, very inconspicuous on the basal fifth and ai)ical third of the
elytra between which points it is more condensed forming a broad
band as in te.uma, and with similar irregular rows of yellow spots.
In the form known as piitator, the integuments are piceo-fuscous, the
thorax with a small spine on each side in front of the base and three
small black facets on the disc placed transversely, the elytra at base
with numerous small granules or tubercles. That known as cingu-
latm is more variable ; the pubescence, though usually cinereous,
varies to yellowish ; the integuments from reddish brown to luteous,
the thoracic spine is mostly absent, never conspicuous ; the three
facets on the disc frequently obsolete, and the basal tubeivles of the
elytra only occasionally present, and then mostly in examples with
a thoracic spine or tubercle. I .-^aw two examples from Georgia with
the integuments reddish luteous, the pubescence yellowish and nearly
ecpially distributed on the elytra, and with the rows of yellow spots
nearly regular and very conspicuous. More abundant material may
show that te.vaiiiii< should be united with the present species.
This is the celebrated hickory girdler. In western Pennsylvania
it occurs late in August and during September. Though apparently
preferring, it does not confine itself to hickory, l)ut likewise occa-
sionally girdles pear, apple, plum, linden, elm and various other
trees.] " Ham."
TARICANHS Tlioms.
TarioHiiii!« f riiqiiii Tlioms., 1868, Physis i, 5. p. 74.
I^ength 19 mm. ^= .7i> inch. Habitat. — Texas, Mexico.
Gray pubescent, antenme 1-lack, with joints 4-11 pale at base;
elytra adorned with black tubercles and numerous fulvous s])ots ;
TRANS. AM. ENT. .SOC. XXIII. MAY. 1896.
142 LENG AND HAMILTON.
beneath gray. Elongate parallel ; head black, punctate, pubescent ;
prothorax with two fulvous transverse fasciae and black tubercles ;
elytra elongate, parallel, shining, with flattened black tubercles and
numerous fulvous spots, apex rounded.
PKOBATIITS Thorns., Ess. 1860, p. 17.
Probatins iiinbraliciis Duval, 1857, Ramond de la Sagra Hist. Cuba. p.
272: Chev., An. Ent. Soc. France, 1862, p. 249; Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash, ii,
39; jaspidens f Dejean, Cat. 3d ed. p. 363.
Length 6-10 mm. = .24-.40 inch. Habitat. — Florida (Bay Biscayne) ; Cuba.
[This species, taken in southern Florida by Mr. Schwarz, if not
originally native, seems to be successfully naturalized. The follow-
ing description is translated from that of Chevrolat 1. c. With the
insect in hand a better description is impracticable.
"Brown, sericeous; head variejiated with yellow; thorax spinose each side,
transverse, with a double median line yellow, also two others at the sides and one
underneath on each side of the same color; elytra punctate at base, obliquely
truncate at apex, the outer angle acutely spinose, ornamented with three undu-
lated hands either yellow or white, one at base oblique, one at the middle and a
transverse one before apex; also a few dots of the same color; antenna^ with
joints 3-6 gray at base ; legs brownish ferruginous."] " Ham."
Ataxiini.
[This tribe is represented in our fauna by two genera which may
be thuo separated :
Thorax unarmed Aporataxia.
Thorax armed Ataxia.
APORTAXIA n. g.
/v.
Eyes emarginate, moderately coarsely granulate, antennie ciliate
beneath, not setose ; thorax cylindrical, unarmed.
A. liueata n. sp. Length 11-12 mm. = .44-.48 inch. — Form .slender, elon-
gate, parallel, brownish piceous, pubescence rather sparse above, brownish yellow
with whitish lineations on the elytra. Head longer than wide, front convex,
mouth rather small, last joint of palpi long pointed, a very fine median line from
occiput to labvum, antennal tubercles strongly elevated, very tinely punctulate,
surface concealed by dense grayish yellow pubescence: antennae a little longer
than the body, scape not clavate, two-thirds the length of the third joint, wliich
is slightly shorter than the fourth, joints gradually diminishing in length from
the fourth; basal half of all the joints, except the scape, white. Thorax cylin-
drical, a little wider than long, apex truncate, base bisiuuate, median line scarcely
visible in front of base, a patch of a few deep coarse punctures on each side of
the median line in front of middle ; punctuation spai-se, irregular, and not very
fine, a median stripe, one on each side of it, and the sides with condensed yel-
lowish pubescence; elytra coarsely, sparsely punctate, with irregular punctures.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN.E. 143
finer toward apex, apices obliquely rounded, slightly narrowed from the humeri ;
]nil)escence cinereous yellow, two stripes on each of denser whitish i)uhescence
ft)niiin<r obscure, irrcfjular vittse, no erect hairs, surface a little uneven ; scutelluin
triangular, rounded behind, )iubescent ; underside clothed uniformly with brown-
yellow pubescence; front and middle coxse angulated, open externally, closed
behind, moderately se])arated ; thighs feebly clavate, middle tibia> tuberculate.
first joint of hind tiirsi not twice as long as the second, fourth nearly as long as
the preceding three, ungues divergent.
Described from two examples taken l)y Mr. C. H. T. Townsend
near Brownsville, Texas. The typos are now in the National Mu-
seum at Wasliington, their description having been permitted through
the courtesy of the Curator, Mr. L. (). Howard.] "Ham."
ATAXIA Hald.
Ataxia crypta Say, 1832 (Lamia), New Species, N. A. Insects, New Harmony.
Indiana, j). (i ; Lee, ed. i, 302 ; Ataxia sordida Hald., Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x.
.5G; Stenidia nordida Fvoc. Am. Phil. Soc. iv, 473; Stenosoma sordidiim hac,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, lo8.
Length 12-15 mm. = .48-.()0 inch Habitat. Pennsylvania, Alabama, Louisiana,
Te.xas, New Mexico.
[This species, like the preceding, has the form of a narrow E/ajth-
idion ; it is piceous-black, densely clothed with short brown pubes-
cence, easily abraded, and hispid with long hairs; the thorax is as
wide as long, with a small tubercular spine on each side, and the disc
in front of base with a row of eight or nine coarse, black punctures
on eacli side of middle ; the antenme are annulate, longer than the
l)o(ly o, shorter 9) scape as long as third joint; the elytra are
parallel, with rows of moderately coarse punctures, a subsutural stria
terminating at middle, tip either rounded or subtruncate. Some
examples are a little variegated with white. Boring in dry cotton
stalks in Texas (Riley); boring in dry twigs of box elder (Negundo)
and hackberry (Schwarz).] " Ham."
Tribe XIII. Hippopsini.
Front coxje angulated 2.
Front coxpe rounded ; antennte short 3
2. Antennae very long Hi|»|»o|»*<iM.
3. Eyes divided 4.
AutennsE very pilose, scape not longer than third .joint; eyes emarginate,
ujiper lobe narrow florcasta.
4. Both lobes of eyes present : scape of aiitennre moderate Sicy<»I»ius.
Upper lobe of eyes wanting; .scape of antennre very long- . .^ipalaC'Op^is.
The sj)ecies comprised in this group are extremely slender, the
thorax is unarmed in all.
TR.\NS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. M.\Y. 1896.
144 LENG AND HAMILTON.
HIPPOPSIS Seiv.
H. lemiliscatn Fab.. 1801 (SaperdiK. Syst. El. ii. 330; Casteln, Hist. Nat. ii,
1840, p. 493; Lee, Jour. Am. PhiL Soc. ser. 2fl, ii, 145; lineoln Serv., Encyc.
Meth. X, p. 336.
Leugth 10-13 rum. = .40-. .52 incli. Habitat. — New York to southern Florida
(New Jersey, Pennsylvania, District of C-olumbia, North Carolina), Georgia
westward to Texas and northward to Missouri and Ohio; Brazil.
[This insect is long and slender, with antennae more than twice as
long as the body, % and 9 > ai^d fringed with hairs beneath ; color
of body pale brown ; thorax much longer than wide, two white lines
on each side ; elytra punctate in rows, each with three white lines.
This species breeds abundantly in the vines of Melothisa penduln at
Lake Worth, Florida, also in the stems of Coreopsis and Bidois
(species not determined ) ; in Avibrosla in Missouri (Riley).] " Ham."
DORCASTA Pascoe.
D. ciiierea Horn, 1860 (AegiJopsis), Proc. Ac. Phil. xii. p. 571, pi. 8, fig. 7.
Length 7-10 mm. = .28.40 inch. HahUat.—TexiiS (San Diego).
Body slender, antennae not longer than body, densely pilose. The
body is densely clothed with erect pubescence, with three yellow vittae
on the thorax, and two on each elytron, and from the distant punc-
tures proceed erect black setae. The color is piceous, pubescence
dark brown, except the elytral and thoracic vittae. The antennae
are, especially on outer joints, annulate witii white.
SICYOBIUS Horn.
S. brousii Horn, 1880. Trans. Am. Eiit. Soc. viii, p. 137. pi. ii, fig. 9.
Length 6.5-10 mm. ; .26-.40 inch. Habitat. — Western Kansas.
Resembles, in form. Ataxia crijpta without the thoracic spines.
Beneath clothed with cinereous pubescence, denuded, forming small
black spots ; above clothed with pale ochreous pubescence, denser at
side of thorax and on the elytra with small s})ots of white, two of
which form slight oblique bands ; antonnie but little longer than
half the body, pubescent but not ciliaie. Taken on the wild gourd
(^Cacumis perennis) by Dr. H. A. Brous, after whom it is named.
SPAL,.4COPSIS.
[The tribe Hi})])()j)sini has the front very long and indexed. In
Spalacopsis this is seen in the extreme, the small mouth approxi-
mating the prothorax in front of the coxae, the vertex is anterior,
and the antenme, which are approximate at base, project forward in
life. The species in our fauna may thus be separated :
SYNOPSIS OF TIIK LAMIIN.K. 145
Elytra snlcato-striate AlMiiiii.
Elytra with narrowly separated rows of close set jmnctures.
Elytra without denuded spots Miifl'iiMii.
Elytra with denuded si)ots Mlit iii'aIi!S.
Elytra with close, almost confused punctuation IC\Ril>i.
S. fli||iiiii Duval, 1857 {Euthuorm), Kaniond de la Sajjra, Hist, de Cuba, p. :i7tj.
pi. X, fig. 13; Chev., An. France, ser. 4, Tome ii, 256; sfolata % N. A. collec-
tions; stolafa X Casey, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi. .51.
Lenfrth 5-15 mm. = .20-. GO inch, llnhitnl. — Southern Florida, Bahama Islands,
Cuba.
Filiform, parallel, head, thorax and elytra equal in width, piceous brown.
Head from vertex equal in length to the thorax, closely i)unctate, grayish brown,
with three obsolete gray lines; the antenniE in both sexes nearly of one length,
a little longer than the body, hispid with long flying hairs, scape cylindrical and
as long as the head from vertex and thorax united ; third joint shorter, one-third
longer than fourth ; joints 5-9 subequal. Thorax cylindrical, much longer than
wide, closely i)unctate, brownish gray, with an inconspicuous median pale stripe
and one on each side; elytra brown, variegated with maculations, especially near
the suture, apices flattened obliquely and produced on the external side, conjointly
producing a deep apical emargination. longitudinally furrowed, the sulcations
fre(|uently not very evident, and the elevation of the interstices often feel)le, the
sulci closely and strongly punctate: underside rather closely, not coarsely punc-
tate, densely grayish pubescent.
This .species aj)pear.s in American collections as stolafa Newrn.
The correct identification of Imimi is due to Mr. E. A, Schwarz ;
more recently I have compared American with Cuban examples.
It varies greatly in size and considerably in the sculpture of the
elytra. I took it abundantly at Lake Worth, Florida, where it
breeds in Melothrla petidula.~\ "Ham."
[S. »»iifrii!!ia Newm., 1840, Ent. p. 305.
Length 5.5-6 mm. = .22-.24 inch. i/«6i<rt<.— Florida.
Filiform, elytra a little inflated behind middle, piceous brown. Head behind
the antenmu and the thorax suluMiual in length, brown, obscurely trilineate with
white; antennie shorter than the body, ciliate on the underside from the second
joint with long flying hairs, scupe cylindrical attaining the hind margin of tlie
thorax, third joint one-third shorter, fourth joint two-thirds the length of third,
outer joints gradually shorter; thorax nmch longer than wide, brown, obscurely
trilineate with white; scutellum small, wider than long, white; elytra brown,
with exceedingly short, narrow, obscure whitish lines; punctures round, small,
placed very closely in rows separated by very narrow intervals, a little widened
from base to apical third and then roundly narrowed to ai)ex, which is emar-
ginate; apit^es a little flattened and prolonged.] "Ham."
[Yi, siituralis n. sp.
Length .5 mm. -^^ .20 inch. Habitat. — Southern Florida, Punta Gorda.
Very slender, piceous, pubescence cinereous, elytra variegated. Head behind
the antennae mostly shorter than the thorax, piceous, pubescence s})arse. not
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (19) M.W, 1896
146 LENG AND HAMILTON.
lineate; anteunaj more slender and shorter, joints proportioned as in suffusa.
flying hairs very sparse ; thorax shorter in proportion to the width than in the
other species, piceous, pubescence sparse, not lineate ; scutellum minute, trian-
gular, white; elytra dilated and punctured as in suffusa, suture obscure white-
the adjacent two rows of punctures on each side brown from denudation, third
row with short white lines, many scattering spots brown from denudation, apices
conjointly emarginate.
Described from four examples taken at Punta Gorda on the Gulf
coast of southern Florida by Messrs. Schwarz and Hubbard. Three
of the types are now in Mr. Schwarz's collection and one in my
own.l " Ham."
[S. texana Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 51.
Length 10 mm. ^= .40 inch. Habitat.^Tesa,s.
Mr. Casey describes this species as having the elytra inflated to
two-thirds wider behind the middle and then narrowed to apex,
which is deeply emarginate, the punctuation close and almost con-
fused, maculate with large, irregular denuded spots ; and as having
dense, recumbent, luteo-cinereous pubescence, the antenna^ shorter
than the body, and the thorax two-fifths longer than wide.] " Ham."
[S. stolata Newm., 1840, Eut. p. 305.
Length .35 inch. HaUtnt. — Florida.
There is at present no Florida s]:)ecies known which corresponds
in all respects with Newman's very inadequate description which
requires an insect .35 inch, long with sparsely ciliate antennae shorter
than the liody, dilated elytra with a much interrupted vitta. By
some it has been considered the female of xaffK.sa. Its identity with
linum has likewise been suggested, but that .species has his})id an-
tennae as long as the body and parallel elytra ; and besides, New-
man's species were taken near Jacksonville, while the northern limit
of I'mmn seems to be near Crescent City (Schwarz), seventy miles
southward. Its status can only be determined by a careful com-
parison of American forms with Newman's tyi)es in the British
INTuseum.] " Hau)."
$«AI>ERD.\ Fab.
[The following table has been constructed so as to avoid the use (»f
sexual characters :
Elytra separati^ly acuminate at tiji : color yellowish brown, with four obliiiue
darker bands 1. obliqiia.
Elytra rounded at tij) with an acute sutural spitie; ]>ube.scence cinereous varie-
gated with fulvous, shot with numerous black denuded jioints. tliorax
vittate 2. calcarata.
Color nearly unifoi-ui. brownish yellow ; var. odspcrsa Lee.
SYNOPSIS OF TIIK LAMIINvK. 147
Elytra obliquely narrowed and iirolonjied at tip, slijiiitly dehiscent, coarsely imiit-
tate: pubescence thin, cinereous, variegated witli fulvous jiatches: thorax
trilineate with fulvous -i. iiiiitioa.
Elytra rounded at tip.
Elytra vittate. or with lateral stripes.
Pubescence silvery white; thorax and elytra with three broad, pubescent,
brown vittai 1. caii4li<la.
Pubescence cinereous; head and thorax with bright yellow ])ubesccnce. six
black denuded spots on thorax; elytra with broad marginal and sutural
stripe bright yellow 11. |)uuctieolli»i.
Elytra with broad submarginal stripe and suture narrowly, yellowish
scjirlet ; a broad stripe on each side of thorax; surface piceous, with
coarse punctures 10. latorali!<4.
Elytra with broad submarginal stripe extending on thorax to apex yellowish
scarlet, connected with which are three oblique bands which may reach
the suture or be mere dents; surface piceous, less coar.sely punctate.
i). trideiitata.
Elytra with white pube.scent spots; surface brown.
Thorax with two white stripes, elytra each with two large white spots attain
ing neither margiii nor suture; sides of under surface white.
5. cretafa.
Thorax with two white stripes; elytra each with a humeral and two subsu-
tural white spots, sometimes obsolescent in the % ; under surface alto-
gether or with the sides white 0. fja.yi.
Elytra each with three small denuded spots (sometimes wanting) ; pui)escence
dense, uniformly olivaceous or yellowish brown 7. VCStita.
Elytra with a transverse undulate fascia; surface color ferruginous to piceous.
Larger 8. <liscoi<Iea 9 .
Elytra unicolorous, not variegated.
Thorax with a broad denuded stripe each side of the median line; elytra
coarsely not closely punctate; i)iceous to ferruginous; underside densely
clothed with grayish white pubescence. Smaller- . . -8. (liscoitlea %.
Thorax with a denser line of gray pubescence each side; black, coarsely
punctured, thinly clothed with fine cinereous pubescence; varies; i)u-
bescence fulvous, punctures rather coarser (California, Oregon).
12. iiKCMla.
Thorax with i)ubescence uniform; black, densely clothed throughout with
cinereous jjuhescence, less coarsely punctured I'.i. <-oilColor.
The outer claw of" the front and middle tarsi of the male may be
either .simple, or with a large basal tooth or obtuse process.
This process is long in obliqua, calcarata, Candida and cretafa ;
moderate in muf'ica and vestita ; snniU in fayi ; that of front feet
small, of middle large, in db^coidea and trideniata ; short and broad
in laterul'is, and simple in puncticollis, m(esta and concolor.
The larviu of all the species of Saperda mine under the bark and
in the wood of living trees, being often very de.'^tructive to fruit and
such as are planted for shade. The female is possessed of very
TR.XNS. AM. K.VT. SOC. XXIII. MAY, 1896
148 LENG AND HAMILTON.
powerful mandibles which she uses to slit the liark of the tree for
oviposition. The imagoes are short lived, and are not known to eat
or do damage, except as stated ; the defoliation of lindens, with
which vestita is sometimes chai'ged, is due to the larvse of a lepidop-
teron.] " Ham."
S. obliqiia Say, 1826, Jour. At-ad. Nat. Sci. v, 274; Lee, ed. ii, 330; Lee, Jour.
Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d. ii, 162.
Length 16-19 mm. ^ .64-. 76 inch. Habitat. — Wisconsin, Michigan, Canada,
Massachusetts, New Yin-k, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Missouri.
[Entirely yellowish brown ornamented with darker brown, which,
on the thorax, consi.sts of four stripes, and on the elytra of four ob-
lique, parallel, raised bands ; the tips of the elytra are divaricate
and acuminate. This species has been taken by myself and others
on black alder (Alnus serrulata), though its breeding habits are not
yet known. Occurs during a few days about the middle of June.]
"" Ham."
S. calcarata Say, 182.3, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. iii, 408; Lee, ed. ii. 190: Lee,
Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d. ii, 162; Harris, Ins. Mass. p. 88; adspersa Lee,
Agass. Lake Superior, p. 234 ; Lee, 1. e 162.
Length 25-31 mm. ^= 1.00-1.25 inch. Habitat.— Ci\,n?idn,, Wisconsin, Lake Su-
perior, Michigan, Oliio, Pennsylvania, New York, Massachusetts, New
Jersey, Missouri, Kansas. Nebraska, low'a. Vancouver Island, B. C
[This, the largest of the Saperda-s, is clothed with gray pubescence
diversified with yellow on the head, three stripes on the vertex and
some blotches on the elytra, the surface of which is shot with nu-
merous round, black, denuded ])oints, and the suture at tip spinose.
This species breeds in the various si)ecies of poplar (Populus), pre-
ferring the older trees. In American linden { Tilia) Hubbard. Ad-
Hperm is a form with uniform yellowish pubescence.] " Ham."
S. iiiutica Say, 182.3. Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. iii, 409; Lee, ed. ii, 191; Lee, Jour.
Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, l(i2.
Length 9-15 mm. = .36 .60 inch. Habitat. — Canada, New York, New ,Tersey,
Mi.ssouri, Kansas, Nebraska.
[This species i.s smaller tiiiui the [)ix'cc(ling wiih the .sime mark-
ings, except that the yellow is more ])i-edominant, the form more
convex, the antennae (H)nspicuously annuhited with white, the tips
of the elytra dehiscent and mutic] " Ham."
S. oaiidida Fab., 1787, Ent. Syst. ii, p. 307; El. Syst. ii, 319; bivittata Say,
J.iur. .\cad. Nat. Sci. iii, 409; Lee, ed. ii, 190; Fitch, Rej). 1st and 2d, p.
11 ; Lee, J()\ir. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, 163.
Length 15 20 mm. = .60. SO inch. Habitat. — (Canada. Maine. Massachusetts.
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Missouri. Iowa.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIX/E. 149
[Clothed with dense white pubescence, antennjc and let^s with
gray; three broad brown stripes extending from the anterior margin
of the thorax to tlie tip of the elytra, one sutural, the others mar-
ginal ; a bar sometimes unites the marginal and sutural stripes behind
the base. This sj)ecies, when in the larval state, is very destructive
to apple and some other fruit trees ; also to crab a\)\)\e (Pt/rus coro-
iiarki), mountain ash {Pynis arnericana), Juneberry {Amelanchier)
and hawthorn {Cratiegm.'] "Ham."
S. cretala Newm., 1838, Ent. Mag. v. 395.
Lengtli \2 20 mm. = .48 .80 inch, ifafti^rt^.— Massarlmsetts, Canada, Michigan,
Wisconsin, Iowa. Illinois, Pennsylvania.
[Clothed with brown pubescence ; two broad vittte on the thorax
and a narrow discal line, white ; a broad elongate strijje of the same
color emarginate before and behind one-third behind the base of each
elytron extending beyond middle and close to suture, also a smaller
spot before apex ; the sides of the abdomen and meso- and metaster-
nal side })ieces are also white. This species breeds in the limbs of
Craia'(jm like the following.] " Ham."
S. fayi Bland, 1863, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, ii, 320; Can. Ent. xx, «.
Length 10-12 mm. = .40-.48 inch. Jlnhitaf. — Canada, New York, New Jersey.
Pennsylvania, Ohio.
[This species resembles crefata, is of the same color, but smaller ;
the side vittse of the thorax extend on the elytra at base, but the
discal line is wanting ; the anterior elytral spot is reduced to a cy-
lindrical line and sei)arated from that of the opposite side by the
suture. The % is much smaller, with the white spots nuich reduced
or wanting, and with the whole of the underside frequently gray.
This and rrdafd breed in the limbs of CretieguK, and are to be found
about the second week of June.] " Ham."
S. vest.ita Say, 1824, Long's 2d Exj). p. 290; Lee, ed. i, 193; (ttkiiisoni Curtis,
Brit. Ent. p. 27.") ; Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, 163.
Length 12-19 mm. =; .48 .76 inch. Hnbitaf. — Canada, Vermont. New Hamp-
shire, Massachusetts. New York. Pennsylvania, Michigan, Wiscon.sin, Iowa,
Illinois, Ohio, New Jersey.
[ A fine insect, den.sely clothed with light olivaceous pubescence ;
elytra each with three small round denuded spots, two of which ai-c
placed obliquely before and one more distant behind the niiddlc;
these sjKjts are not always present. This insect breetls in the linden
( Ti/ia), the larva sometimes proving very destructive to them when
set out as shade trees. The beetle it.self does not injure the foliage,
as is sometimes stated in agricultural cntoinology.] " Ham."
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. MAY, 1896.
150 LENG AXD HAMILTON.
S. <liscoiclea Fab.. 1798, Eiit. Syst. Suppl. 147 9 ; fuscipes Say % , 1827, Jour
Ac. Nat. Sci. v, 273; Lee, ed. ii, .331 ; Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii,
163 ; Stenosfola fuscipes var. dorsalis Hald., Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 56.
Length ^ 10 mm. = .40 inch. ; 9 ^^ ^i^'"- = -^O inch. Habitat.^Csiusida,, New
York, Pennsylv.inia, New Jersey, Louisiana, Kansas, Nebraska, Illinois.
Michigan.
[The sexes are so unlike in size and appearance as to have long
been mistaken for species. The color of the integument in either
sex may be entirely ferruginous, or entirely piceous above ; the legs
pale to ferruginous, with the tibiae and tarsi frequently dark ; the
punctuation of the thorax and elytra is coarse and deep. Male : pu-
bescence above inconspicuous, grayish when the integument is pice-
ous, yellowish when ferruginous, that of the underside is denser, long
and silvery ; thorax with a denuded line each side of a more dense
pubescent median stripe; antennae not annulate, brown or ferrugi-
nous. Female : the pubescence is grayish yellow, according to the
surface color ; head, thorax, scutellum, sides and apical region of
the elytra and a broad irregular fascia at middle of more condensed
pubescence sometimes trilineate on the thorax ; underside piceous to
rufous, pubescence dense. This species breeds abundantly in hickory
(carya) and butternut {Juglans ciuerea) and may be taken during
June and July.] " Ham."
S. trideiitata Oliv., 1795, Ent. iv, 68, p. 30, pi. 4, fig. 48; Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat.
Sci. ser. 2d ii, 164: compsidea var. duMosa Hald., Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 55;
Fitch. Rep. v. (An. Rep. N. Y. State Agric. Soc. 1858, p. 8.39) ; separat. p. 59.
Length 9-13 mm. = .36-.52 inch. Habitat. — Canada, Vermont. Massachusetts,
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois,
Iowa.
[Piceous, densely clothed with very fine inconspicuous gray pubes-
cence above, longer beneath ; the stripes on the elytra are submar-
ginal, from, which proceed obliquely backward three bands which
may be mere dents or prolonged to the suture meeting those of the
opposite side. The thorax has often two black spots on each side and
each elytron three. The larvae frequently destroy the white elm
( JJlmiis aviericana) when planted as a shade tree, and have been
found under the bark of the slippeiy elm ( U. fulva) Fitch, and under
that of majjle (Acer) Harrington.] " Ham."
^i. laterali!^ Fab., 1775. Syst. Ent. p. 185; Ent. Syst. 2, 312 ; Syst. El. 2. 223;
Oliv., Ent. iv, 68, p. 17, pi. 4, fig. 41 ; Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 164 ;
Fitch, Rep. v (An. Rep. N. Y. State Agric. Soc. 1858, p. 840) ; separatum p.
60.
Length 9-15 mm. = .36-. 60 inch. Halntdt. — Canada, Vermont, Massiichusetts,
New York. Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Virginia, West Virginia, Ohio,
Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa.
r
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN^E. 151
[Piceous, rather coarsely i^unctured, pubescence gray, very incon-
spicuous above and niixe<l with sliort, semi-erect liairs ; the sutnral
scarlet line mentioned in the table is oftener absent than present.
Breeds in hickory, elm, and in witch hazel (^Almis serrulata).'\
" Ham."
S. ptiiK'tirollis Say, 1824, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. iii, 406; Lee. ed. ii, 188; Lee.
Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 164; Randall, Bost. Jour. ii. 43.
Leugth 9-10 mm. = .37-. 40 i7ich. Habitat. — Massachusetts, New York, New-
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Louisiana, Arkansas, Kansas, Nebraska.
[Piceous, pubescence gray and not dense ; the head, thorax, mar-
gins of the elytra and a broad sutural stripe are clothed with dense,
bright yellow pubescence ; a round frontal spot, one on the occiput,
four })laced quadrangularly on the disc of the thorax and one on
each side, black from denudation. This species breeds in the poison
ivy {Klius rudican.i), and may be taken during a few days about the
middle of June.] " Ham."
S. iii<B«ita Lee, 1850, Agass. Lake Superior, p. 234 ; Can. Ent. vi, 61.
Length 8-9 mm. = .32-. 36 inch. Habitat. — Lake Superior, Canada, Michigan,
New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Oregon, California.
[Readily known by the characters in the table ; there is on the
thorax two gray stri})es of denser pubescence and the antennse are
annulate; the pubescence of the Pacific coast form is fulvous. Breeds
in the small branches of various poplars {Popuhi.^).'] " Ham."
S. concolor ;Lec., 1852, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. feer. 2, ii, 163; Can. Ent. xx, 7 ;
Meras inornata X Walsh, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, vi, 264; inornata X Packard,
Forest Insects, p. 427, text but not fig.
lA-ngth 11 12 mm. =: .44-.48 inch. Habitat. — Canada, Maasachusetts, New
York, New ,Tei-sey, Pennsylvania, Michigan, New Mexico.
[Black, resembling mresta, but the pubescence and punctuation ai'c
much finer and denser ; as in it the antennae are annulate. Breeds
abundantly in the canes of willow (Sali.c lo7ir/ifolia), and also in the
base of young jwplars (Po])ulii.'<).'] " Ham."
Tribe XV. Phytoeciini.
Episterna of metathorax wide.
Ei)ipleune indistinct ; ungues feebly toothed or cleft Meea)*.
Epipleune distinct ; ungues broadly appendiculate Ob«'resi.
Ei>isterna of metathorax moderate.
Eyes broadly divided ; prothora.\ dilated on the sides.
Ungues broadly ap])endiculate Tetrops.
Ungues cleft Totraope9«.
Eyes not divided ; ungues cleft.
.\ntennie pilose, outer joints suddenly shorter .4inplii4»iiyclia.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. MAY, 1896.
152 LENG AND HAMILTON.
IMECAS LeConte.
[The species of this genus resemble the smaller Saperdas, but their
breeding habits are different, being in the stems of plants and weeds
so far as known]. They may be separated by the following table,
which is based on that of Dr. Geo. H. Horn, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. vii ;
Blanchard, in Ent. Amer. iii, 86 and Gahan, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xv,
800:
Body above concolorous.
Legs black ; thorax usually with two feeble callosities; body above uniformly
clothed with cinereous pubescence.
Claws moderately deeply cleft, the inner division acute cana.
Claws more deeply cleft, the inner division broad and lobe like.inoriiata.
Legs black; thorax without callosities; body above sparsely clothed with cine-
reous pubescence, thorax at sides and middle, elytra at suture and sides
more densely clothed with yellowish white pubescence-iiiargiiiella.
Legs, or at least the femora, red.
Thorax with four or five callosities; surface sparsely cinereo-pubescent, su-
ture and margin more densely pergrata.
Thorax without callosities, surface very sparsely pubescent ; femora red, tibiae
usually dark feiuoralis.
Body above bicolored ; head and thorax reddish yellow.
Elytra very sparsely cinereo-pubescent, suture more distinctly- . -ruficollis.
M. caiia Newm.. 1840 {Saperda), Ent. p. 12; Sitenostola saturnina Lee, Coleop.
of Kansas, 1859, p. 21 (Smith. Cont. xi) ; Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xv, 300.
Length 8-12 mm. = .32-. 48 inch. Habitat. — Kansas, Texas, Florida.
M. inornata Say, 1824 {Saperda), Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. iii, 407; Lee, ed. ii. 189:
Saperdu cinerea Newm.. 1840, Ent. p. 13; senesceyis Bates, Biol. Cent. Amer. ;
Am. Ent. iii, 86 ; Horn, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xv, 301.
Length 8-15 mm. = 32-. 60 inch. Habitat. — Nevada, Dakota, Colorado, Ne-
braska, Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas. Texas, Louisiana. Mexico.
[J/, inornata % Walsh, Proc. Ent. Soc. vi, 2(54, is Saperda eoncolor.
The characters given in the table are the only ones by which this and
the preceding species can be separated, otherwise they seem to be
identical.
Bhick, uniforndy clothed above with dense gray pubescence (some-
times yellowish); the thorax may have on each side of the disc a
round denuded callus, or this may be wanting ; the length is some-
times greater than the width, more often the reverse. Caiia was
desci'ibed from P""londa, and seems to have been ditlerently colored
from the Western form, the pubescence grayish white, the elytral
and sutural margins also hoary. These two species greatly resemble
Saperda eoncolor, but the antennte are not usually annulate. Inor-
nata breeds in the stems of the false sunflower (He/enhuii teniilfo-
Ilnm) Schwarz, and in HeUaniliH!^ tuberosm growing wild.] " Ham."
SYNOPSIS OK Till-: LAM1IN.T2. 153
-■»!. iiiiirKiiiellu Lee, 1873, New Si)ecies (S. M. C. No. 264), j). 239.
Length 7-8 miu. = .28-.32 inoli. Habitat. — Illinois. Texas, Kansas.
[Easily known hy the chanicters in the tiibh'.] " TIani."
.11. por^rala Say, 1823 {>^aperda). Jour. Ac. Nat. Sei. iii, 408: Lee, ed. ii, 190:
stt'itostolii peninita Lee, .Jour. .Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2(1, ii, l.")4 ; Steno.stola (jentUiK
Lee, 1. c. p. 154.
Length 8-10 mm. ^ .32-.40 inch, llnbitnt. — Dakota, Nebraska. Colorado. Kan-
sjis, Mis.souri. New Me.xico, Texas, Louisiana.
[In addition to the characters in the table it need only be added
that the antennie are annulate, tliat the underside varies from pice-
ous to rufous, and that the sutural and marginal lines of denser
l)ubescence are usually eonspicuou.s.] " Ham."
M. feinoralis Hald., 1847 (Phuta-da). Tr. \m. Phil. .Soc. x, 59; Lee, .Tour. Ac.
Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 155.
Length 7.5 mm. = .30 inch. Habitat. — District of (■olumbia, Georgia, Florida.
[The characters in the table need nothing additional.] " Ham."
-M. ruficollis Horn, 1878, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. vii. 44.
Length 12.5 mm. = 50 inch. Habitat. — Texas, Mexico.
[The antennre and elytra are black ; the pubescence on the thorax
forms denser patches each side of middle and on the sides; the legs
vary from black to rufous.] " Ham."
"The .<exual characters of Meca.s are similar to ()brre<t, the last
ventral of the male is triangularly concave and the pygidinm of
the female rather protuberant," Hoi-n.
OB ERE A Mnlsiiut.
The .species of Oberea differ in the form of the thorax, which may
have four, two or no callosities ; in the form of the female pygidium,
which in two species is strongly protuberant, in the others but feebly
so ; in the form of the elytral tip, which may or may not be bidentate
and emarginate ; and in color. In the last respect certain species are
constant; others ])resent such variability that a considerable number
of names have been proposed, which are now considered synonyms,
but which still leave many forms unnamed. The synopsis by Dr.
Horn (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. vii, pp. 45-47, reduced the number of
st)-called species and an increased number of examples shows that a
further reduction is necessary. I would therefore, disregarding the
color for the present, arrange the .species as follows:
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (20) MAY, 1896.
154 LENG AND HAMILTON.
Thorax with four callosities ; pygidiiini of 9 stroujjly protuberant. scliaillllii.
Thorax with two callosities ; pygidium of 9 feebly protuberant.
Elytra truncate at tip tripnnctata.
Elytra rounded at tip ocellatu.
Thorax without callosities; pygidiuni of 9 feebly protuberant.
Elytra not pubescent gracilis.
Elytra closely clothed with recumbent pubescence ruficollis.
O. schaiiiuii Lee. 1852, Jour. Ac. Phil. ser. 2, ii, p. 153 ; wapleri Chev., Eev.
Zool. 1852, p. 420 ; qundricallosa Lee, 1874, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. v. p. 68.
Length 11-15 mm.; .45-60 inch. Habitat. — United States and Canada.
The color varies greatly. In the palest form the entire insect is
flavo-testaceous, except the feet and basal joints of antennae. In the
darkest form, the abdomen, femora, tibiae and thorax are pale, while
the rest of the body, including the thoracic callosities, are nearly
black. In the intermediate forms the black color may be traced
through different individuals, in a series of which the palest and the
darkest forms are simply the extremes. It seems useless, therefore,
to tabulate individuals which mimic races and varieties only in
meagre collections. Breeds in the living twigs of cotton wood
{Populiis moiiUifera), Riley.
O. TRiPUNCTATA Swcd. — Under this name are included a great
many specimen;^. They may be readily separated into two varieties:
Body beneath black var. biiiiaeiilata.
Body beneath in great part yellow var. tripiiiictala.
That the individuals, which can easily be separated by the color
of the body beneath, constitute varieties of one species seems to me
certain. The black abdomen in the first is usually accompanied by
black legs and entirely black elytra, the yellow abdomen of the
second by yellow legs, yellowish antennje, and more or less sti'iped
elytra. Yet every large collection will contain specimens of var.
hivmcnkda in which the legs are at least brownish and the elytra
decidedly vellow through the miildle, wherelTy the black abdomen
alone remains to differentiate the varieties. The color of the legs
very rarely becomes (juite pale, even in the var. bimaculata, and
such an individual received the mime flavipes from Haldeman. Other
variations also occur in the maculation of the thorax, etc., and the
following table will serve to separate the most striking. Individuals
occur frequently which will not answer to any of the names.
SYNOriSIS OF THK LAMUN.E. 155
Forms of 0. tvlpuiicfittd v:ir. biviaculata.
Lejis nearly or (jiiito bhiek.
Thorax, often the cervix, yellow, without spots alliiiiM H;ir.
Thorax with two discal spots and entii-e basal marfjin black. . . -biiisaliM Iac.
Thorax with two discal si)ots and an antescutellar spot black.
ti'i|iiiiicl}ita Fall.
Thorax with two discal spots only, black biiuilOiilatH Ol.
Legs entirely jiale.
Thorax with entire disc black llavipos Hal.l.
Forms of 0. tripunctata var. tripunddtd.
Head yellow ; thorax with two discal spots only black myopia llahl.
Head yellow ; thorax with two discal and antescutellar spots black.
niaiidariiia Fab.
Head fuscous ; thorax :is in m<uularina ti'ipiliictala Swed.
The elytra in mijops usually have the lateral fuscous stri})e only
defined ; in the last two the sutural stripe also is well marked.
O. triptiucf ata Swederus, 1787, vet. Ac. nya Handl. p. 197 ; matidariua Fab.,
Syst. El. ii, p. 321; Lee, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 152; amiahUis
Hald., Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 57 : Lee. 1. c. 152 ; myops Hald., 1. c. ; Lee. 1. c. ;
ociUaticoIUg Say, 1824, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. iii, 406 ; Lee, ed. ii, 189; bimacii-
lata Oliv., 1795, Ent. iv. 68, p. 21, pi. 4, fig. 43 ; tripunctata \\ Fab., Ent. Syst.
i, 2. p. 310; Hald., Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 57; Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2,
ii, 153 ; affinis Harris, Ins. Mass. p. 91 ; per-spicillata Hald., 1. c. p. 57 ; haxalis
Lee, 1. e 153 ; flavipes Hald., 1. e 57 ; Lee 1. c. 153; texana Horn, Tr. Am.
Ent. Soc. vii, 47.
Length 8-17.5 mm. ;= .32-.70 inch. Habitat. — Canada, Michigan, Ohio, Penn-
sylvania, New York, Ma.s.sachusetts, New Jersey, District of Columbia,
Virginia, North Carolina, (xoorgia, Florida, Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico.
Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa.
In the tripuiictaia group of tripunctata, in addition to the char-
acters in the table, it may be stated that the body beneath is entirely
fuscous, or pale yellowish with fuscous spots; the elytra flavotesta-
ceous with sutural and lateral fuscous stripes ; the antennie annu-
lated or not. In mandarina, the underside may be entirely fuscous
or variegated with yellow ; in myops the sutural fuscous stripe is
wanting, the body beneath is pale with fuscous spots on the sides of
the metasternum and second and third ventral segments; amiabilis
scarcely differs from mandarina ; the preceding three have the head
yellow and the antennse annulated ; another form occurs with the
head fuscous and the antennje not annulated.
In the BIMACUL.A.TA group, ocu/aticollis is entirely black clothed
with cinereous pubescence, and the elytra obliquely truncate ; bi-
maculata, tripunctata || Fab., affini.-<, basali^i and two unnamed forms
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MAY, 1896
156 LEXG AND HAMILTOX.
agree in being entirely black, except the thorax ; basalls has an
antescutellar black spot, and likewise tnpnnctata ; two unnamed
forms occur, one with the basal margin black, the other with the
thorax, often the cervix yellow, with the two callosities yellow in-
stead of black ; flavipes has yellow legs ; texana is yellowish testa-
ceous ; head, antennae and elytra black ; thorax with two callosities
and- an antescutellar black spot ; elytra truncate and subspinose at
tip ; abdomen yellow, last segment and sometimes the sides of the
second and third fuscous ; legs yellow, tips of the tilling and tarsi
fuscous.
[This species {tripundata || Fab. perspicillata) breeds in the canes
of the blackberry and raspberry (Bubuf<), sometimes doing great
injury; (mandarina) in the twigs of cottonwood (^Populus monUifera),
Riley.] " Ham."
[«. ocellata HaUl., 1847. Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, .57; Lee. .Tonr. Ac. Nat. Sci.
ser. 2. ii, 152.
Length 14 mm. = .56 inch. HuMtat.—W\c\\\g:.-A\\. New York, Massachusetts,
New Jersey, Georjiia, Florida, Louisiana. Texas.
Beneath entirely I'ed ; elytra black, epipleurse black, legs usually
])ale, tibiaj and tarsi fuscous; the head and thorax are sometimes
rufous, sometimes the occiput and disc of the thorax are black with
the legs entirely fuscous, and again the head may be entirely black,
the thorax rufous, the legs rufous and the tibiae and tarsi fuscous ;
the tips of the elytra, while usually rounded, in some examples are
slightly truncate, but never emarginate nor spinulose.] " Ham."
[O. gracilis Fab., 1801, Syst. Ent. ii. p. 324 ; Hald., Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x. .57:
Lee, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 152.
Length 10 13 mm. ^ .40-.50 in(^h. Habitat. — New York, New Jersey, Norih
Carolina, Georgia, Florida.
Pale yellowish testaceous; antenna' fu.scous ; thoi-ax densely punc-
tured, without callosities ; elytra with a fuscous lateral stripe; legs
j)ale, ti})s of tibite and tarsi darker.] " Ham."
[O. riifirolliH Fab., 1775, Ent. Syst. i, 2, p. 311 ; Hald. 1. c. ; Lee. 1. c. ; plum-
hca Oliv., 1795, Ent. iv, 68, p. 21 ; tibialis Hald., 1. c. , femoralis Lee. (typ.
error), 1. c. 153.
Length 15-18 mm. = .60 .70 inch. Habitat. — Massaclmsetts to Georgia. Vi-r-
mont, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vir-
ginia, Kan.sas.
Pale rufous ; antennae and elytra nearly black, epipleurae pale at
base ; thorax without callosities ; tibiie and tarsi fuscous, the anterior
rufous. Only one example of fibiali'i is known to be in any collec-
tion.] " Ham."
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIINiE. 157
[As the synoptic table of Oberea by Dr. Horn (Tr. Am. Ent. Soc.
vii, 45 j based on color characters may be useful, it is here presented.
Body beneath aiul Icfis, l)l!ick.
Thorax entirely hhick ociilutieollis.
Thorax in great part yellow biiuaciilatsi.
Body beneath and legs variable, never both at the same time black.
Thorax with four distinct callosities, pygidium of female strongly protuberant.
quadrioiillowa.
Moliaiiiiiii.
Thorax with two or no callosities; pygidium 9 feebly protuberant.
Body above and l)eneatli entirely black.
Form moderately robust, middle and posterior legs black, anterior femora
at apex and tibiae yellow : thorax without callosities liblaliiti.
Form very slender; thorax with two callosities; legs entirely yellow.
flavipeiii.
Body beneath and above yellow.
Thorax with callosities.
Thorax unicolored.
Elytra slightly sinuate at tip, epii)leurje black ; abdomen entirely rufous.
ocellata.
Elytra emarginate at tip and subliidentate, ei)ipleurie pale at base, abdomen
tipped with black texaiia.
Elytra yellow, with l)lack stripes tripuuctata Swed.
Thorax witlmut ("illosities rilfi<*olli!>«.
graeiliM.
According to Mr. Leng's tal)le qnadricallosa enters into synonymy
with sclmiiinii ; octilatieollis, bbimculata, flavipes and icrana with
TRiPUNCTATA Swed. ; and tibbdU with ruficollis.] " Ham."
TFTKOI'S Kirby.
Three species occur in our faiuia, none of which are common.
Elytra with grayish recumbent pul)escence and erect j)ale hairs intermixed : legs
l)lack caiiescciis.
Elytra with black recumbent and erect hairs.
Legs black, thoracic umbone distinctly elevated .jiieiiii«la.
Legs red, umltone scarcely elevated lllOUOMti^^iiia.
T. CHiioscens Lee., 1852, .Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 157.
Length 11.5 mm. = .46 inch. Habitat. — New Jersey, Kansas, New Mexico.
[Black ; head, thorax, prosternum and base of antennal joints
rufous ; thorax constricted before and behind, sparsely })unctured
and with a large disCal callus, black; elytra coarsely punctured.
This si)ecies has been taken in New Jersey on Ahiii/< ■■<erru/(it(i.'\
" Ham."
T. jticiinda Lee, 18()2. Proc. Ac Nat. Sci. Phil. j). 40.
Length 8 9 mm. = .32-.36 inch. Hahilnf. —WuhUi.- States. Nebraska.
TRANS. .\M. ENT. SOC. XXIII. M.\Y, 1896.
158 LENG AND HAMILTON'.
[Very like canesceiis, but the pubescence and hairs are black and
longer ; the coloration is the same.] " Ham."
T. luoiiostigina Hald., 1847 (Oberea), Traus. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 57 ; Lee, Jour.
Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 156.
Length 7.5 mm. = .30 inch. Habitat. — Pennsylvania.
[Tliis species differs i'romjucunda by its smaller size and red legs ;
the thoracic callus is also smaller. This and jucunda are very rare,
and have not been seen.] " Ham."
TETRAOPES Serville.
The following synopsis is by Dr. Geo. H. Horn, Tr. Am. Ent.
Soc. vii, 48 :
Elytra with median and apical cordiform black space.
Disc of thorax black; thoracic umbone suddenly elevated . . . -discoidetlS.
Disc of thorax red ; umbone gradually convex cauteriator.
Elytra black, with a red basal baud, and triangular red spot behind middle.
elegaus.
Elytra with black spots.
Anteuuie black, not annulate.
Abdomen very sparsely, scarcely visibly punctulate; mandible of % with
deep sinuation at base tetraophtlialiutis.
Antennse more or less distinctly annulate ; abdomen densely but very finely
punctulate ; mandible of % with moderate sinuation.
Claws rather deeply bifid ; surface rather sparsely clothed with recumbent
pubescence and with semi erect hairs visible on the disc.
Thoracic umbone suddenly elevated, distinctly limited at the sides.
Surface of umbone opaque ; abdomen scarcely punctulate. collaris.
Surface of umboue shining; abdomen densely punctulate.
femoratus.
Thoracic umbone gradually convex ; antennse feebly annulated.
Antennae and legs dark quiuqueiuaculatus.
Scape and femora red var. texai) us.
Claws feebly cleft at tip ; surface more densely clothed with recumbent
pubescence, erect hairs very short and visible only at sides and tip.
Thoracic umbone gradually convex, lateral tubercle not very prominent.
canesceiis.
All the s])ecies of Tetraopes appear in advanced Summer, and
breed in the stems and roots of milkweed {Asclepkis).
T. discoiUeus Lee, 1858, .lour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, iv, 26 ; rubrocinereiis
Thoms.. 1860, Classif. Longicorn p. 67.
Length 7-8 mm. = .28-. 32 inch. Habitat. — New .fersey, New Mexico, Texas,
Arizona, Idaho.
[Black, clothed with sparse cinereous pubescence njixed with black
hairs ; antenuje black, not annulate ; thorax red at base and apex ;
with four black .spots on the disc; elytra red, with l)lack markings
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN/E. 159
as in tlie table ; underside and legs black. There is some variation
in the coloration ; the head may be black (typical) or red ; the tho-
rax may be altogether black, except an apical space on each side of
middle ; the anterior black space on the elytra may be reduced to a
spot, and there may be a round l)lack callus on each side at the outer
angle of the apical black space.] " Ham."
T. caiitoriator Drapiez, 1819, Ann. gdner. des Sc. phys. ii, 47, pi. 16, fig. 6 ;
Say, 15ust. Jour, i, 96; Lee, ed. ii, 666; Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii,
156 ; nrntor Germ., 1824, Ins. Spec. nov. p. 486 ; 13-punctatii.s Drapiez, 1. c.
Lengtli 8-12 mm. = .32-.48 inch. Habitat. — Canada, Massachusetts, New York,
Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Ohio, Florida. Alabama, Iowa.
[The elytral markings are as in drn'Mulens, and lial)le to variation
by extension or diminution ; the thorax is usually red with four
black spots; the scutellum and elytral umbones are black.] " Ham."
T. elogaiis Horn, 1894. Baja Calif. Coleop. (Pr. Cal. Acad. Sci. ser. 2. iv, 404).
Length 9-12 mm. ^ .36-.48 inch. Habitat. — Lower California (San Jose del
Cabo).
"Black, clothed with fine cinereous pubescence, bluish on the thorax, with
short, black, erect hairs intermixed ; anteniue with grayish blue pubescence on
the undersiile ; head red, sparsely ])unctate ; thorax black, umbone abruptly
elevated, coarsely punctate and hairy on its summit; scutellum black; elytra
coarsely punctate at base, apical third nearly imiiunctate, black, a red basal baud,
broader at middle, extends along the sides, and behind the middle is a triangular
red space uot reaching the suture, umbone black, a very small black spot on each
side of the suture behind the posterior edge of the red band, the hind edge of the
triangular spot bordered with black ; beneath black. The four thoracic spots
.seen in the other species are wanting in this.'"
[This species has not been seen, and the above description is an
abbreviation of the original.] " Ham."
T. tetraoplitlialiiius Forst, 1771 (Cerambyx), Cent. Ins. p. 41; iMtniator-
natiir Fab., Eut. Syst. 2, 287; Tetraopes toniafor Schon., Syn. Ins. iii, 401;
Say, Host. Jour, i, 96 : Lee, ed. ii, 665.
Length 9-14 mm.^= ..36-.56 inch. Habitat. — Canada, Vermont, New Ilamjjshire,
Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania. Ohio. Michigan,
Wisconsin, Illinois. Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Mexico, Louisiana, South
C'arolina.
[Black, head, thorax and elytra red ; thorax with four discal spots,
a blotch at the anterior angles and the basal margin, black ; scutel-
lum black ; elytra with humeral uml)one and three si)ots on each,
black ; these spots are usually constant, the first round and subsu-
tural, the second an oblong discal space, the third also -discal and
roundish.] " Ham."
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MAY, 1S96.
160 LENG AND HAMILTON.
T. collaris Hoiu, Tr. Am. Ent. Soe. vii, 49.
Length 12.5 mm. := .50 inch. Habitat. — Colorado, New Mexico.
[Black, head, thorax and elytra red ; thorax and elytra with the
usual black spots ; the thoracic unibone is suddenly elevated and its
surface opaque ; anterior and middle femora brown.] " Ham."
T. Teiuoratiis Lee. 1847, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, i, 93; L c. ii, 157; var.
basalis Lee, 1852, 1. c. p. 157 ; var. oregonensis Lee, 1854, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci.
PhiL 1869, p. 81.
Length 12-16 mm. == .48-.64 inch. Habitat. — Illinois, Iowa, Nehraska, Kanssis,
Colorado, Texas, Arizona, California, Oregon, Washington, Montana.
[The foregoing is the distribution of the species ; following Dr.
Horn the varieties may be separated thus :
Var. FEMORATUS. — Scape of antennce black, femora red, thorax
quadriniaculate, elytra with umbone and three black spots on each
side.
Var. MANCUS. — Scape reddish, femora dark, thorax quadi'imacu-
late, umbone of elytra and one spot at middle on each side black,
occurs in California and Nevada.
Var. BASALIS. — Scape red, femora red, thorax quadriniaculate,
umbone and two spots on the elytra black, generally distributed.
Var. OREdONENSis. — Scape, femora, and aiderlor tibice red, thorax
quadriniaculate, umbone and three spots on each elytron black ;
these spots are very small and one or all are frequently absent. Oc-
curs in Oregon, Washington and iVrizona.
The foregoing is the definition of the aggregation of individuals
which have received names, but besides there is a mass of others
varying in the color of the limbs and in the number and size of the
elytral spots in every conceivable way, as remarked by Dr. Horn,
the antennie likewise sometimes losing their usual annulation.]
" Ham."
T. quailriinstculatuK Hald., 1847. Tr. Am. Pliil. Soc. x, 53; Lee, Agass.
Lake SuiH'rior, ji. 234 ; Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 157 ; var. iexanus Horn,
Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. vii, 49.
Length 10-12 mm. == .40-.48 iiK^h. Habitat.— Mich\ga,n, Lake Superior. Kan
sas, Texas, Oregon.
[Thorax quadriniaculate, elytra with umbone, and a posterior spot
each side black ; an example from Oregon has the scape of the an-
tennae red. The var. texanus is larger and fre<}uently has a black
spot on the elytra behind the scutellum close to the suture.] " Ham."
SYNOl'SIS OF TIIK LAMIlNiE. 161
T. cancscciis Lee. 1852, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. scr. 2, ii. 1.57 ; <iiiiiii'.ntii.s Lee,
If^tT, I. c. .ser. i, 93: 1. c. ser. 2, ii, 157.
Length 9-14 nun. =■ .36-. 56 inch. Habitat. — Kansas. Texas, New Mexico.
[The ground color of thi.s species is very pale red, the thorax is
quadrimaculate, the umbone and two spots on the elytra are l)lack,
one or both sometimes wanting; the pubescence is longer and denser
than in any of the other si)ecies. Annulafm is the older name, but
synonymy was made by the author himself for reasons not stated,
but probably on account of the name being preoccu})ied.] " Ham."
AI»IPIIIO]\\€IIA LcCoiite.
[The two species of this genus in our fauna may be thus separated :
Sides of elytra rounded flaiiiiiiata.
Sides of elytra vertical ain«ena.
A. flstiiiinata Newm.. 1840 (Saperda). Entoni. ]>. V.i: Lee, .Tour. Ac. Nat. Sci.
• ser. 2, ii, 1.54; marginuta J Fab., Hald., Pr. Am. Phil. Soc. iv, 373; arthus
Lee, 1849, Coleop. Kansas, p. 22.
Length 6-9.5 mm. = .24-. 38 inch. Ilabitat. — New York, New Jersey, Penn-
sylvania, North Carolina, Florida, Texas, Kansas, Nebraska.
Black, hispid with tine erect black hairs, two oblicpie lines on the
head, a stripe on each side of the thorax and the margins of the
elytra nearly to apex yellow. Var. ardens is more hispid, more
coarsely punctured, with the yellow of the margin extending to the
middle of the disc. The antennje are hispid from base and annulate
from the fourth joint.] "Ham."
[A. ainceua n. sp. — Length 4.5 mm. = .18 inch.
Elongate, shining black, anteunaj shorter than the body, with long flying hairs,
annulate at the incisures, scape and third joint subequal, fourth much shorter,
outer joints gradually shorter. Head wider than long, short, a little retracted,
front convex, with an exceedingly fine median line, not impressed between the
antenna', surfac^e white, and with the thorax clothed densely with extremely fine
short white pubescence. Thorax a little wider than long, cylindrical, a fuscous
spot near margin liehind each eye, at base each side of middle two large denuded
triangular spots black. Elytra parallel till near apex, then suddenly obtusely
rounded, disc flat, limited each side bj- a sharp ridge (humeral carina) parallel
with the suture, sides deep, vertical, divided into two broad striie by a subhumeral
carina, internal (upper) with two rows of close-set round punctures, punctuation
of the outer (lower) which is the wider confused, marginal stria very narrow,
impunctate, obliterated in front ; disc moderately finely punctured in rows, which
are confused near the suture, each puncture bearing a very fine semi-erect black
hair; underside with sparse exceedingly fine siiort pubescence, alutaceous, shin-
ing; first joint of hind tiirsi scarcely longer than the second.
This is a pretty little species with white head and thorax spotted
with black, and shining black elytra. The vertical and striate sides
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (21) * MAY, 1896.
162 LEXG AND HAMILTON,
of the elytra are characters not known to nie to exist in any other
species of the Ceranibycidre, and to some may suggest a new genus
which may be named Cathetopteron ; should the suggestion material-
ize, the foregoing characters will be sufficiently descriptive. The
unique type was taken near Brownsville, Texas, by Mr. C. H. T.
Townsend, and through the courtesy of ]Mr. L. O. Howartl, Hono-
rary Curator of the National IMuseum at Washington, its description
has been permitted.] " Ham."
Tribe XVI. Methiini.
Anteimfe with second joint distinct.
First joint of antennse with a small apical sjunc. front larger and more vertical.
eyes more separated I<lfieiiieH.
First joint of antennae with a stout spine, front short, eyes approximate.
Styloxus.
Antennae with second joint ohsolete (therefore apparently 10-joiiited).
Eyes emargiuate ]?IotUia.
i:yes divided Dysphaga.
IIXEMEA Horn.
I. fiilleri Horn, 1880, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. viii, p. 138, pi. ii, fig. 10.
Length 16.5 = .66 inch. Habitat. — Texas.
" Brownish testaceous, elongate, subcylindrical, sparsely clothed with pale
brownish pubescence. Thorax cylindrical, slightly dilated at middle, one-fourth
longer than wide, a slight oblique impression on each side near the base, vague
traces of three smooth discal lines, surface coai-sely punctured. Elytra wider
than the thorax, coarsely punctured, gradually nan-owed to apex, apices sepa-
I'ately rounded. Body beneath and legs piceous, femora i)aler at base" (original
description).
STYLOXUS LeConte.
!S. liicauilS Lee, 1873, new species of Cerambycidse (S. M. C. No. 264), p. 240.
Length 8..T mm. ^ .34 inch. IlabUat. — Cape San Lucas, Lower California.
['• Brown, with grayish hairs, prothorax rugosely punctured, a small callus
behind the middle; elytra jjubescent, punctured, not covering the abdomen,
rounded at apex" (LeConte's description. Tr.).
In this genus the eyes are very large and neai-ly ct)ntiguous on the
vertex ; the scape of the antennse is spinose on the inner side ; the
thorax cylindrical and one-half longer than wide ; the elytra three-
fourths as long as the abdomen.] " Ham."
IVIKTIII.l Newman.
M. |>u*«illa Newm., 1841, Ent. p. 18; Lee, Jour. .\c. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 144.
Length 5 9 mm. = .20.36 inches. Habitat. — Florida.
[Piceo-fusc(ms ; antenna?, legs and a hioad space on the middle of
tiie elytra, i)alish ; eyes large, coarse, closely ap[)n)xiinate on (he
SYXOrSIS OF TllK LAMIJN.E. 1H3
vertex; juitoniui; hispid, lO-jointefl, joints 2-9 subequal ; tliorax
longer than wide, deeply constricted ut upex and base ; disc uneven,
not tuberculate ; elytra three-fourths as long as abdomen, an eleva-
tion at base on each side of scutelluni, closely and finely punctured,
two very fine lines from humeral and scutellar umbone uniting
before apex; the color is variable by exi)ansion oi- contraction of the
pale or brown.] " Ham."
[M. |»iiii<*fata Lee, ISTo. new species of ("eranihyeidie (S. M. C. N(3. 264), p.
240; Methid pnsUla I Chev., 18(i2, Colcop. Cuba (Ann. Ent. Soc. France j, p.
256.
Leugth 7-10 mm. = .28-. 40 incli. Hnhitat. — San Domingo, Cuba.
As this species bears a great resemblance to jju.ii/ld, and its occur-
rence in southern Florida probable, the })rinci[)al differential char-
ftcters are reproduced so that it may I)e recognized when found. The
sides of the thora.x are .scarcely dilated ; there is no apical, and the
basal constriction is less deep; the elytra are comparatively shorter,
and the coloration is inconstant.] " Ham."
»YSI»II.iCJA LeContc.
[Synopsis by Dr. Geo. H. Horn, Coleop. Baja Calif. (Proc. Cal.
Acad. Sci. V, 247. All the species are rare.
Head and thorax piceous black.
Thorax distinctly punctate, elytra not costulate teilllipes.
Thorax smoother, bicallous at base la^vis.
Head and thorax reddish yellow, elytra piceous and distinctly bicostulate.
bicolor.
Pale yellowish testaceous, elytra bicostulate 4lol>ili»<i.]
D. t4Miiiii>e!« Hald., 1846 {Molorchns), Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. iii, 126; Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc. iv, 374; Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2, ii, 143; Tessaropa ven-
tniUs Hald. 9 , Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. iv. .374.
Length 6-6..") mm. = .24-.26 inch. Habitat. — New York, New .Jersey, Penn-
sylvania.
[Black, clothed thinly with cinereous pubescence, thorax cylin-
drical and elongate, with ocellate j)unctures ; elytra scabrous about
half the length of the abdomen, })ale at ba.se, underside brownish
?), yellowish 9. Breeds in dead hickory twigs. The rarity of the
I)ysj>ha</a may be apparent only, as their great resemblance to the
common Molorc/m-s may deceive collectors.] "Ham."
I>. lH'vi!« Lee, 1873, New Species (S. M. C. No. 264), p. 240.
Length 7 mm. = .28 inch. Hahitut. — Illinois.
[Differs from tennlpes by the characters in the table, and by the
rather longer elytra narrowed and dehiscent behind the middle, and
by being piceous.] "Ham."
TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. .M.\Y, 1896.
164 LENG AND HAMILTON.
I>. bicolor Horn, 18S5, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, 193.
Length 7.5 mm. = .30 inch. Habitat. — Texas.
The characters in the table will distinguish this sjiecies when found.
D. debilis Horn, 1895, Coleop. Baja Calif. (Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 2d ser. v, 246.
Length 4.5 mm. = .18 inch. Habitat. — Lower California (San Jose del Cabo).
This species can likewise be known by the table.
\_Polyopda aaalls Hald., 1845, Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. x, 57, was
placed in AdetHS Lee, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. ser. 2d, ii, 161, of which
AgerDiopsLs Thonis. is a synonym. It has been discovered that the
type was from Brazil and not from Pennsylvania, Lee. Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. 1873, p. 336.] " Ham."
{Here Mr. Lem/s work ends.)
While the Synopsis of the Ceranjbycidje has been going through
the press some changes in synonymy have been made, some iniknown
species introduced and others described. To complete the work
these must be briefly noticed.
Ergates neomexicanus Casey, 1890, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. v, 490.
This is synonymous with spiculatus, being a description of a
well-establislied individual variation.
IVIallo«lon inolariiiin Bates. 1879, Biolog. Am. Cent., Coleop. vol. v, 9, pi.
1, figs. 10 and 11. Habitat. — Lower California, Me.\ico, Panama. Nicaragua.
[Resembles our other species, but has the upper edge of the man-
dibles elevated in a tubercle.] " Horn."
Prionus debUis Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 21. This
is a synonym of imbricornis, being a description of a small and
well-known race of that species.
Tragosoma harrisU is T. depsarium Linn, as shown by ample
comparisons (see Can. Ent. xxiv, 296), Recently jNIr. Klages com-
])ared examples taken in the higher mountains of Colorado with his
European and finds them identical, but varying much from the
Pennsylvania form.
Tragosoma spiculum (lasey, 1890, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. v, 492.
This is described from an extreme individual variation of depsa-
rium with whi(;h it mu.'^t be united.
TragOMOiiia |»ilosi<*oriiis Casey, 1890, 1. c. p. 492.
Length 24. G mm. = .98 incli. Hahitat. — ? California.
Separated, according to Mr. Casey, from depsarium by its rather
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIX.B. 165
densely pubescent antennae, feeble elvtral sculpture, form of the
sutural spines, and smooth, polished and impunctatc hyi)omera.
Tetropium. — Three species have recently been added to the pre-
vious two by Capt. Thomas L. Casey, and a synoptic table of all the
species presented, which is here reproduced from Ann. N. Y. Acad.
Sci. vi, 22.
Elytra wider than the prothorax ; tliiid anteniial joint in the male much longer
than the second.
Third antennal joint (female) pyriforni, unusually short, scarcely twice as long
as wide ; pronotum very spai-sely punctate, except laterally ; elytra gen-
erally pale ciiiiiainopterum.
Third antennal joint (female) much more elongate, always distinctly more
than twice as long as wide ; pronotum very densely punctate.
Pronotum with a narrow and abruptly limited median impunctatc area
toward biise, which is subcarinate ; elytra generally pale, psiral Id urn.
Pronotum without a median impunctate area, except narrowly and vaguely
toward base ; elytra usually concolorous.
Sides of tlie prothorax broadly rounded ; pygidium evenly parabolic.
svltwarziaiiiini.
Sides of the prothorax vaguely subangulatc in the middle, the punctuation
very fine, extremely dense ; pygidium triangular with the apex narrowly
subtruncate velutiiium.
Elytra not wider than the prothorax; second antennal joint of the male but
slightly shorter than the third, the latter etjual in length to the fourth.
parvuluin.
T. parallolum Casey, 1891, 1. c. 23.
Length 12-14 mm. = .48-. 56 inch. Habitat. — Colorado, New Mexico.
Black, elytra uniform red-brown, pubescence short, very dense.
T. soliwai-ziaiiiiin Casey, 1891, 1. c. p. 24.
Length 14 mm. =^ .56 inch. ; width .18 inch. Habitat. — Michigan (Marquette).
Piceous black, pubescence short and dense; resembles vehduiam.
T. parviiliini Casey, 1891, 1. c. p. 24.
Length 8 mm. = .32 inch. ; width .88 inch. Habitat. — Indiana.
Resembles ciwiamopterum, but has shorter legs, and the antennse
are not appcndicidato.
More detailed descriptions than here given would cause confusion ;
none of Mr. Casey's types have been seen ; the species as they now
stand seem uncomfortably close, and there are some individuals
which, by a strict interpretation, cannot be assigned to any of them.
Hylotrupes litigiosus Casey, 1891, 1. c. p. 25, is a description of a
long-known variety of ligneus occurring on the Pacific coast.
Phymatodes thoracmis Muls. is a synonym of lividus Rossi.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. MAY, 1896.
166 LENG AND HAMILTON.
Pliyiiiato<le»« obliqiiii!^ Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 26.
Length 7.2-7.6 mm. ^= .288-. 304 inch. Habitat. — California (Santa Clara Co.).
According to Mr. Casey this species is allied to varius, from which
it differs chiefly by the longer antennse, finer, sparser punctuation of
the pronotum, denser punctures of the elytra, and much more ob-
lique posterior fascia.
Pliyinafodes jiiglaudis Leng, 1890. Ent. Amei-. vi, 214.
Length 4.5-6.5 mm. = .18-.26 inch. Habitat. — California (Los Angeles).
Diflers from decussatus by the more coarsely punctured elytra and
the more oblique and angulate anterior fascia.
Malacopterm vlttatus Lee. = lineatus Guer.
Hypexilis pallida Horn and Gracilia obliquata Horn (see
Ent. Amer. vi, 213).
CHROTOIVIA Casey.
This genus is founded on a single female example, and according
to Mr. Casey only differs from Brothylm and Oaiiiidias by the pecu-
liar elongate subparallel form of the last joint of both palpi, but
there is not sufficient data given to define its exact position in the
table of the Cerambycini.
C. «luiiuiaiia Casey, 1891, Proc. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 27.
Length 16.5 mm. = .66 inch.; width .17 inch. Habitat. — Texas (El Paso).
Parallel, convex, piceous black throughout ; thorax with five de-
nuded callous spots on the disc ; scutellum acutely triangular ; elj'tra
with a marginal and discal pale rufo-testaceous vitta nearly concealed
by the dense vestiture, wliich is coarse recumbent and grayish white,
with numerous small denuded spots and witli an acute sutural spine
(abstract from Casey's description).
Ebiiria coiispersa Horn, 1894, Coleop. Baja Cal. (Pr. Cal. Ac. Sci. ser. 2, iv,
399).
Length 17 mm. = .67 inch. Habitat. — Lower California (San Jose del Cabo).
This species, according to the describer, has more the habitus of
an Elaphklioii than of an Eh aria. Pale piceo-testaceous, thorax
transversely quadrate, with a smooth median line and three facets
on each side ; elytra rugulose, with foveiform jniuctures, an ivory
spot at base, two beliind midille, tip of elytra I'ounded and with a
sutural spine ; femora not spinose.
Elaphidion parallelum Newm. = villosum Fab.
Klapliidioii ai'izoiiieiise Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 28.
Length 21-23 niin. = .84-. 90 inch. Habitat. — Arizona.
Described from two male examples as of the form of Irroratum,
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN/E. 167
castaneous tlir(>u<rlu)ut, sparsely mannorate on the tliorax and elytra
with denser spots of pale yellow ; antennie longer than the body,
joints 3-5 strongly spi nose, 8-11 earinate ; thorax with a median
and two basal callosities; elytra truncate, the outer spine obtuse, the
inner more acute ; femora not spin(>se, posterior tibiie earinate. In
tile table this may be placed next irroratum.
Elapliidion levellci Casey. 1. c. p. 29.
Lt'iiglb IS iimi. = .72 inch. Habitat. — Arizona.
Described from a single mutilated male as of the form and size of
pubescens, next to which it may be placed in the table. Elongate,
slender, parallel, dark rufo-castaneous, shining, pubescence silvery
white, uniform on thorax and scutellum, but forming on each elytron
four vittre ; antennie wanting ; thorax longer than wide, densely
coarsely punctured on the disc, rufous towards the sides ; elytra
coarsely sparsely punctured at b'ase, gradually finer to apex, trun-
cate, bispinose ; femora not spinose.
The following species has the four posterior femora obtu.sely uni-
spinose at tip and may follow mncronatiun in the table.
Elsi|>lii<li4»ii inufatiiiu Galiiiii, 1890, Ann. iuul Mag. Nat. Hist. scr. (J, vol.
vi, ;w.
E. fomeniosHin 9 Chev., 18(52, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 4, ii, 260.
Length 16 20.5 mm. = .64.80 in<!li. Habitat. -Culia, Florida (Key West).
" Castaneous, covered with dense gray pubescence, disc of thorax
with five tubercles, the median cariniform, the posterior two more
or less obsolete ; elytra densely punctate at base, punctuation behind
middle obsolescent, each with the humerus and a sub-denuded dorsal
spot near the middle castaneous and bispinose at apex ; antenme
with joints 3 and 4 unispino.se, 5-10 bispinose." [T. R.]
"Under the name E. toweiifo-vtm, Chevrolat included two very
distinct si)ecies ; the females which he has described are the females
(>f the p»resent species, the male of wliicii 1 saw in the possession of
Dr. Horn when here on a visit to England. Two female examples
from St. Domingo, which are undoubtedly the females of E. tomen-
to.ium, are in the British Museum, and, except in the nuich shorter
antenn;e, j)resent no differences of imj)ortance from the male. Like
it they have the pro.sternum truncated and vertical behind. In E.
mutatum the prosternum is feebly arched and almost flattened behind
* * *. The spines at the apices of the joints of the anteiuue do
not stop with the seventh joint as Chevrolat's description i^eems to
imply, but gradually becoming smaller, are met with up to the tenth
TRANS. .^M. ENT. SOC. XXHI. . MAY, 1896.
168 LENG AND HAMILTON.
joint. Dr. Horn's male example from Florida differs from the fe-
male only in having slightly longer and slenderer antenna?, and in
having the apex of the last ventral segment pointed in the middle
and sinuated towards the sides, while in the female it is rather ab-
ruptly rounded. E. tomentosum bears a very strong resemblance to
£!. mucronotum Say, but may be distinguished by the much less close
punctuation of the elytra and sides of the prothorax" (" Gahan" j.
Elaphidion cinereum Oliv. and E. lanatum Chev. were not
known in our fauna when Mr. Leng published his table of Elaph-
idion, but he has introduced them in a supplementary way (Ent.
Amer. vi, 214). The length of lanatum is 15.5 mm. = .62 inch.,
and not as given by Mr. Leng. In both the femora are unarmed.
Rhopahphora meeskei Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 30,
is a scarcely defined geographical race of longipes (Can. Ent. xxiv,
159).
Rhopalophora biciucia Horn, 1895, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. ser. 2, v, 245.
Length 5 mm. = .-20 inch. Habitat. — Lower California (San Jose del Cabo).
This is described from the female as black, rather dull, elytra with
a basal and postmedian narrow band of silvery white pubescence ;
antennje yellow, not longer than the body ; thorax as in i?. longipes ;
elytra parallel, scarcely wider than the thorax, apices 3 or 4 dentate,
surface closely cribrate-punctate ; beneath black, with patches of
silvery white pubescence ; legs piceo-testaceous, tibii« paler. This
species is placed in this genus for the present, but the discovery of
the male may suggest a new generic name.
RHINOTROGIDES Lacordaire (Tribe VI, ss.).
Distinct from Rhopalopiiorini by the anterior coxal cavities
closed behind ; it is represented in our fauna by one species.
Acypliodores delicatus Horn, 1894, Coluop. Baja Cal. (Proc. Cal. Acad.
Sci. ser. 2, iv, 400).
Length 11 mm. = .44 inch. Habitat. — Lower California (El Taste).
The characters given are from the author's description.
Slender, head and antennae yellowish, the latter half the length of the body,
stouter externally, sciipe coarsely punctate, third joint nearlj- as long as the next
three; thorax, length and breadth equal, wider at middle, black beneath and
densely punctured, base and apex bordered with black, disc reddish brown, con-
vex, densely punctate, a vague oblique umbone on each side of a feeble, smooth,
median line; elytra pale brownish testiiceous, yellowish white along base, subu-
late: abdomen pale piceo-testaceous ; legs I'ufo-testaceous, fenu)ra and basal half
of tibiffi yellowish.
SYNOI^IS OF TIIK LAMIIX.E. 169
Aiicijlocera hrevicornis Casey, 1898, An. N. Y. xVctul. Sci. vii, 585,
is the female of Elytroleptus divisus Lee.
Traj^idioii aiiripenue Casey, An. X. Y. Acad. Sci. vii, oSfi.
LcDiTtli 11 'in iiini. = ..')(> .SO inch. Ilnhitdt. — Arizona, southwestern Utali.
Described l»y the author as parallel, convex, black, the elytra
bright golden-yellow, e.xce})! at basal margin, j)ubescence recumbent
assuming the color of the surface; untennie slender, one-half longer
than the body ; thorax wider than long, acutely tuberculate on the
sides behind the middle, disc with five tubercles ; elytra each with
five strong narrow ridges, the fourth joining the fifth before middle ;
legs slender, hind tibise somewhat dilated.
Mr. Casey regards fulvipenne Say as a species, but whatever view
may be entertained will not aftect the following table by Mr. Casey.
Third joint of the hind tarsus not longer, but seldom visibly wider than the
second ; elytra corrugated.
Antenna; more or less pale, the swollen apices of the pale joints black and ab-
ruptly more densely pubescent.
Antenuie entirely black toward apex; elytra strongly narrowed from base to
apex ; large species, the black hairs of the pronotnni and legs with a
strong cobalt-blue retlec^tion aiiiiiilatiiiii.
Anteniue pale throughout, the apices of all the joints black; elytra i)arailel ;
size smaller, black ; the hairs without blue reflection ; hind tibite mod-
erately dilated and conipre.ssed aiiripeiine.
Anteunie black throughout; ajiices of the joints feebly swollen, but no! more
densely pubescent.
Third joint of the hind tarsus scarcely shorter than the second; ])osterior
til)i:e not distinctly modified ; elytra varying from black with a small
fulvous spot behind the humeri to completely fulvous, except at the
basal margin COqiiiiN.
Third joint small, very much shorter than the second ; posterior tibise broader,
strongly compressed, elytra fulvous throughout, except at base.
rulvipeiiiie.
Third joint of hind tai-sus distinctly longer and sometimes wider than the second ;
elytra not corrugiited, parallel, each with three feeble and minutely
costuliform lines; pronotal punctures in the male minute and dense,
but becoming abruptly coarse in an apical band, the posterior trans-
verse margin of which is nuiltisintiate : in the female minute and
dense throughout ai'iiialum.
Batylt^ eylindrella Casey, 1893, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vii, 587.
Length 9..'S mm. = .38 inch. Habitat. — Texas (Kl Paso).
Described as bright red throughout, except the post-sterna, part
of the tarsus, the apical part of the antennie and tip of hind femora
dark ; dittering from snturalii by its more elongate form, shorter and
coarser pubescence, which is pale and not black, less punctate head
and longer legs.
TEANS. AM. EXT. SOC. XXIII. (22) .JUNE, 1896.
170 LENG AND HAMILTON.
Oxopliis cocciitens Casey, 1893, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vii. 588.
Lensrth 19-20 ram. = .75-. 80 inch. Hnhitat. — ^Utah (soiith western).
Described from three males as bright scarlet except the head, an-
teniise, entire uiuler surface between the front and hind coxjis, apical
and basal bead of the thorax, scutellum, ba.sal margin of the elytra
and a common sutural dash in apical half, black ; this dash in the
female becomes very broad, extending to the middle, but not attain-
ing the margin, except near tip.
This may be placed in the table next corallinns, examples of which,
in my collection, are uncomfortably close to it as described.
CrossixliiiN blaiidi Casey, 1893. An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vii, 589.
Length 7.7-9.5 mm. = .30-.38 inch. Hohitat. — Southwestern Utah.
This species may follow^ discoideus, to which it is closely allied in
the table heretofore given. It is represented as differing from dis-
coideus in its smaller size, narrower form, s})arse punctuation, espe-
cially the thoracic, the absence of the two subapical black spots on
the thorax, and the rounded and not truncate apices of the elytra.
The following species belong to the group of Cfossidius with the
thorax subtuberculate :
Crossiilius loiigipeiiiiiK Casey. 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 31.
Length 15-19 mm. = .60.75 inch. Habitat. — New Mexico.
Described from four examples, and stated to be related to inter-
mediiis but larger, differing also by the punctuation finer and denser,
the black legs and antennae, and the truncate and angulate elytral
apices.
CrossidiiiK crassipes Casey, 1891. I. c. p. 32.
Length 14 mm. = .56 inch. Habitat. — Washington.
Described from a single male example as intermediate between
pundatiis and intermedium, having the black legs and antennae of
the former and the long slender antennae of the latter, and differing
from intermedim in the very long posterior tarsi, in which the second
joint is nearly one-half longer than wide.
Crossidius iiitidicoIli>« Casey, 1891. An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 33.
Length 10.5-12.5 mm. .= .50-.60 inch. Habitat. — Arizona (Tucson).
Descril)ed as allied to jyidcheUiis, but differing in the larger and
longer thorax, with the extremely slender and acute lateral prolon-
gation of the basal angles more conspicuous ; and by the characters
in the synoptic table of the species in the group with rounded and
semituberculate sides which is here reproduced.
SYNOPSIS OF TllK l.AMIIN.K 171
Prothorax more or less strongly tniiisverse, very densely, (Hinfluciitly imnctureil
and densely pilose.
AntennfB of the male rather short, never much longer than the body, those of
the female very short and stout, with the joints scarcely more than twice
as long as wide.
Elytral inmctuation very coarse, becoming liner towards apex, the punctures
always distinctly separated piiiiotatiiN.
Elytral punctuation finer, becoming extremely dense toward ape.\.
te!«taceiis.
Autennie of the male very long and slender, much longer than the Ixxly, those
of the female moderate in length, slender, with the joints tiiree or four
times as long as wide.
Autennpe and legs pale ; posterior tarsi short and slender ; elytral jiunctures
coarse, always distinctly sejiarated iiitorini'<lius.
Autennse and legs black, or piceous black ; posterior tarsi longer and mucli
stouter.
Elytral punctures fine and very dense, coarser toward base.
loiigi|>eniii!«.
Elytral punctures very coarse, nearly as in pnnctataK, but denser.
c*ras<«i|»e!$.
Prothorax much less transverse, coarsely, deeply punctate aiid shining, the punc-
tures all distinctly separated.
Antennie of the male much longer than the body.
Elytra rather finely and very densely i)unctate, tlie elytral basc^ and suture
throughout black liii'tipes.
Elytra very coarsely. spar.sely punctate, with a narrow fusiform black area
at the suture scarcely ever extending as far as basal fourth.
iiiti<Iicollis.
AntenuiE of the male much shorter, never notably longer than the body ;
elytral punctures very tniai-se toward base, the disc with a broad black
sutural area, which is usually angulate anteriorly, sometimes attaining
the base |>iiloliolliis>
Sphcenothecus rubens Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 34.
This is a variety of suturalis, in which the punctuation at the sides
of the thorax and elytra becomes very fine and dense, hut in many
individuals this and suturalis, which is very variable in the coarse-
ness or fineness and density of its punctuation, approximate. There
are no primary structural characters by which the forms can be
.separated, and none of the secondary, as color or length of the an-
tennae are permanent. Both forms are abundant in southwestern
Texas, New ^Mexico and Arizona.
Spha;notliecuN basalis Horn, 1894, Coleop. Baja (^alif. (Proc. Cal. Acad.
Sci. ser. 2, iv, 401).
Length 12-14 mm. = .48-.56 inch. Habitat. — Lower California.
Described as piceous black, moderately shining, a very small luiir
in each })inicture of the dorsal surface, the base of elytra and femora
TKANS. .\M. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE, 1896
172 LENG AND HAMILTON.
red, tibife and tarsi black, coiidiles of hind femora dentiform ; thorax
oval, narrower in front, disc convex, surface with coarse transverse
punctures, median line smoother; elytra coarsely, irregularly punc-
tate ; apices acutely rounded, a small spine at the suture, a larger
spine externally.
!§»teiio<«i>lioiiiis loiiguliis Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 34.
Length 10 inni. = .40 inch. Hnhituf. — Texas.
This species, described from a single male, is stated to differ from
lepidus in having the pronotum in front of the coxie strongly de-
pressed and coarsely densely punctato-rugulose ; in lepidus this space
is divided by a polished longitudinal elevation, thus forming two
depressed areas.
Xylotreclms gemellus Casey, 1893, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vii, 590.
Length 14-15 ram. = .54-.60 incli. Habitat. — Indiana.
Described from two examples and represented as differing from
undulaUis chiefly by the coarser sculpture of the pronotum, suffused
pale pubescence extending across the base of the elytra and less
prominent frontal carina ; the transverse bands different in form,
being wider and posteriorly arcuate at the point where, in undalafK.^,
they are anteriorly angulate.
The individuals of undulatus vary greatly in coai^seness or fineness
of sculpture, in })ubescence, and in distinctness of the elytral bands,
and none of the differences mentioned by Mr. Casey seem of any value,
unless it be the last mentioned.
Cijrto])horus insinuans Casey, 1898, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vii, 590.
This is the male of Micvodytus gazellula. The description was made
from a unicpie taken in Ontario, Canada, with the statement that it
only dilfered from Microclyfus gazellula by having the third antennal
joint briefly dentato-spinose.
The five males of that species before me all have rudimentay den-
tations at the apex of the third joint, and a little amplication of
this most probably exists in Mr. Casey's uni(iue.
The antennal cliaracters of Mlcrochjtus in the " Classification"
belong to the^ female ; those of the male, then unknown, are the
same as in Cyrtophorus, exce})t in the less or non-develoi)ment of
the antennal spine.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIX^, 173
EiKlorces exilic Casey, 1893, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vii. .591.
Leii','tli i:2'i unu. = .17 inch. Hiihitaf. — Texas.
By (U'.>crij)ti()ii tlii?* species liavino: a ti'ansverse ivory liand on the
elytra must be placed in the table with reichei, from which it differs
by its greater robustness and spinose antennte ; and by the prothorax
broader and more strongly and abruptly narrowed to base.
AgalliNSUS cliain«eropis Horn, 1893, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xx, 138.
Lengtli 19 21.5 mm. =^ .76 -.85 inch. Habitat. — Florida (Biscayne Bay).
" Black, shining, elytra dull red with the suture piceous, thorax with four lon-
gitudinal lines of white puhescence. Head coarsely spareely punctured at mid-
dle, eyes completely encircled with white recumbent pubescence, which extends
along the sides of the front and crosses the edge of the clypeus. Thorax as wide
as long, slightly narrowed in front, sides feebly arcuate, disc coarsely punctate,
with four shallow longitudinal grooves extending from apex to base, the two
inner grooves interrupted near the base, the grooves densely pitted with white
recumbent pubescence ; scutelluni semicircular, black, glabrous. Elytra wider
at base than the thorax, gradually arcuately narrowed to apex, apices rotundato-
truncate, the sutural spine short, most distinct in the male, disc vaguely grooved
on each side of suture, surface moderately coarsely, not closely punctate, each
l)uncture with a short, semiercct cinereous hair, color dull red, the suture gradu-
ally more widely piceous from the base, then more rapidly narrowing at the
ajiical third. Body beneath black, shining, sparsely punctate; pro-])leura}, sides
of metasternum, outer edge of met-episterna, and a triangular spot at the sides
of each ventral segment with white pubescence. Legs black, sparsely pubescent."
AgalliNNUS grittus Hald., 1853 {Ci-yptopleiira), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil, vi,
3(>3.
LeC'onte did not describe this species as he is credited with in all
our lists.
Necydalis barbar.e Rivers, Ent. Amer. vi, 112, was described
after Mr. Leng's synopsis of the genus was in press, but is included
in a supplementary paper, L c. p. 213.
T4».\otiiM lati>i*ali«i Casey, 1891. An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 37.
Length 13 mm. = .52 inch. Habitat. — California (near San Francisco).
Described as allied to trivittatus, but differing in its unusually
long, stout and com[)ressed antennie ; and as rather short and stout,
moderately .shining, with the body, legs and antcnnie black, the ab-
domen rufo-testaceous, and the elytra with a pale narrow marginal
vitta, which does not ([uite attain the apex.
Aulliopliilax subvif tatiis Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 37.
Length 9.3-11 mm. = .37-.44 inch. Habitat. — Colorado?
Described from five examples, probably males, and stated to be
moderately robust, rather convex, piceous-black ; legs and antennje
piceo-testaceous ; elytra pale luteo-testaceou.s, with a broad common
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE, 1896.
174 LENG AND HAMIl.TON.
sutural and luirvow subiaarginal vitta of pieeous-black, the vittse
generally feebly marked and sometimes evanescent ; disc of thorax
finely densely punctate and but feebly impressed along middle ; disc
of elytra coarsely and sparsely punctate toward base, gradually finer
to apex and along suture.
Acmseops variipes Casey, 1891, An. N. Y.-Acad. Sci. vi, 38.
Length 8-8.8 mm. ^= .32-. 35 inch. Habitat. — California (Santa Cruz County).
Described from a single male as rather slender, strongly convex,
shining, deep black ; antennae dark brown, the basal joint darker
and blackish ; anterior legs pale rufo-testaceous, the middle and hind
femora slightly so near the coxae ; thorax coarsely densely punctate,
with a narrow irapunctate median line ; disc of elytra coarsely not
closely punctate, finer toward apex. Allied to longicornis and basalis ;
Mr. Casey, however, has not given characters by which it may be
placed properly in the table.
Strangalia montana Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 40.
This is synonymous with sexnotata, which is quite variable in color
of the legs and antennae and in coarseness or fineness of the punc-
tuation. The truncation of the female elytra at tip is relied on by
Mr. Casey to separate it from sexnotata, but in a sufiiciently large
series, the tip will be seen to vary from acute to truncate, especially
in Western examples.
Leptura spuria Lee. is the male of Acm.eops militaris Lee.
Ijepf lira exigua Newm. snucia Lee.
\j. iiaiia Newm. var. hsematifes Newm.
This synonymy was determined, by Dr. Geo. H. Horn, by com-
parison with Newman's types in the British Museum, Tr. Am. Ent.
Soc. XV, 301.
Lepliira ganrotoide!^ Casey, 1893, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vii, 592.
Length 9.5 mm. = .38 inch. Habitat. —VtAh (southwestern).
Described as broad nearly as in Gaurotes, convex, elyti-a feel)ly
shining ; body, legs and antenme intense black ; pubescence dark
and inconspicuous ; antenn:e half the length of the body, stout,
compact; prothorax of the outline of instabil'is ; seutellum broadly
and transversely tnnicate ; elytra strongly, evenly, not very densely
punctate, tip rounded not truncate. To be placed in the table near
iiistahilu.
Leptura serpentina Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 41.
This is a synonym of tribalteata Lee, which is variable in the
form of the body, elytral ornamentation, and color of the antenna?.
SYNOPSIS OF THE LAMIIN.E. 175
Lioptiira Iitildeinaiii Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acad. Sci. vi, 12.
Li'nj;tli !l 1(1..") mill. = .36-.42 inch. Habitat. — New Mexico.
Described ii.s .^lender and ratlier convex, the body intensely l)lack ;
lei^s. antennie and elytra! humeri red; moderately shining ; pubes-
cence sparse and inconspicuous; anteniue male) nearly as long as
the body ; thorax much longer than wide, like that of sauf/uitiea ;
disc extremely densely punctate; elytra not coarsely nor densely
punctate, narrowly truncate at tip. ^[ay be })laced in the table near
l.iO|»liirii l»eii$$tri»« Casey, 1891, An. N. Y. Acpd. Sci. vi, 43.
Length 7.8-9 mm. (female); 9-11 mm. = .36-.44 inch, (male) = .31-.36 inch.
Habitat. — Michifjan (Marquette).
Described as haying the body, legs and antennae entirely black,
the elytra pale brownish testaceous, sometimes feebly infuscate toward
the a])ex ; moderately shining ; pubescence moderately long very
short on the elytra. The males are larger tlian the females and the
sexual differences throughout the body unusually well marked. Al-
lied to lianguhiea Lee, but differs in the much stouter male antennje
and in the truncation of the elytra being not broad and strait, but
narrow, oblicjue and deeply sinuate, nearly as in canadetisu.
OI>III^iTO:?III«i Thorns.
This genus is only sej)arubU' from Lcpturd by the head being ])ro-
longed into a beak. It is re{)resented in our fauna by two species.
O. Ijcvicollis Hates. 1880, Biol. Cent. Anier. C«l. v, p. 39.
Leu Jit h Habitat. — Arizona, Oaxaca to Panama.
O. veiltraliM Horn. 1894, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. ser. 2, iv, 401.
Length 11-12 mm. ^ .42-.47 inch. Hnlritat. — Southern California, Lower Cali-
fornia (El Taste).
"Slender; head black, closely punctate : thorax red or black, conical, longer
than wide at base, ajiex constricted, sides compressed behind the middle, disc very
convex, very sparsely and finely imnctate. hind angles not explanate. Elytra
wider at base than the thorax, humeri jirominent, sides obliquely narrowing,
apex obliquely emarginate-truncate, the angles acute, disc coarsely and deeply-
not regularly punctate, punctures finer toward apex. Pro- and mesosternum
black. Metasternum and abdomen red, very sparsely finely punctate, not i)ubes-
cent. Legs black, the underside of hind femora at base usually red. The vesti-
tiire of the upperside consists of very short black hairs arising from the ])unctures.
Allied to ntjiveutria Bates from Nicaragua, but ditlers in its almost smooth thorax."
" Horn."
The synopsis of the Cerambycidit, now brought to a close, was
commenced in 1884, and published from time to time, in parts, as
follows :
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE, 1896.
176 LENG AND HAMILTON.
Bulletin of the Brooklyn Ent. Soc. vol. vii, pp. 7-11. — Ergafes to Orthosoma.
" " " " " 57-64. — Prionus to Criocephalus.
" " '■ " " 64. — One plate with 11 figures.
"' " ■' " 95-101. — Tetropium to Merium.
" " " " " 112-119. — Callidiiim to Sfromatinm.
Entoniologica Americana, vol. i, pp. 28-35. — GnaphaJodes to Aneflus.
" " 35. — Two plates, thirty-one figures.
•' " 130-136. — Romaleiim to Ctirins.
" " 136. — One plate, twenty figures.
'* vol. ii, pp. 27-32. — Obriini to Evadna.
" ■' 60-63. — Callichroma Xo Crioprosopus.
" " 63. — Two plates, 28 figures.
" " Ql-Q'i. — TragidiontoAmannus.
102103.— Batyle to Oxoplus.
" ■' 118-120. — Schisnx to Perarthrus.
" *' 193-200. — Ischnocnemis to Xylotrechus.
" vol. iii, pp. 4-8. — Xylotrechus to Clytanthm.
" " 23-24. — Clytanfhus to Euderces.
" " AA.-- Euderces.
" vol. vi, pp. ^-Vi.—Agallisiins to Encyclops.
" " 65-69. — Rhagium to Toxofus.
" " 97-98. — Pachyta to Anthophilax.
'' " 104-110. — Acmieops to Piodes.
■' " 156-160. — Gaurotes to Typocerus.
" •' \Sa-200.—Leptnra.
■' " 213-215. — Euryptera and notes.
CONCLUDING NOTES.
Cflenopeens iiiger Horn, 1894, Coleop. Baja Cal. (Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. ser. 2.
iv, 402).
Length 17-19 mm. = .67-.75 inch. Habitat. — Lower California (Sierra El
Chinche. at 2000 feet).
" Of the form of palmeri, but differing in the coarser and closer
elytral punctuation, and in the absence of any ornamentation by
pubescence either above or beneath."
" Black, shining, the puhescence excessively fine, short, black ; antenna; black,
joints three to seven annulate with white; front sparsely punctate; thorax
broader than long, angulate at the middle, sides in front oblique, behind the an-
gulation forming a cylindrical constriction, surface with coarse punctures along
the apex and base, very few at middle; elytra coarsely, closely and deeply punc
tate. near the apex much smoother; body beneatli extremely finely pubescent.
Described from two females and have the last ventral slightly emarginate as in
palmeri." Horn.
This species was accidentally omitted from its proper place.
Acaathoderes nickhavil. This seems to be the species described by
Dr. Horn under the name Peritapnia fabra, of which Mr. Leng was
not cognizant till both were in press, who suggests that the latter
genus might be })lace(l among the Acantlioderini.
SYNOPSIS OF THK LAMIIN/E. 177
Peritapiiia iiii«lic*oriii!« Bates {Tapeinaf), Biol. Ceut. Am. vol. v, 421.
Horn, Baja Cal. (Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. ser. 2, vol. iv. 340 and 403).
Length . Habitat.— Lower California (Sierra El Chinchc at 2000 feet) ;
Mexico (Oaxaca).
This species is made the type of the genus by Dr. Horn, who
separates the species thus :
" Piceous black, moderately shining, niuricate punctures of elytra irregularly
placed nudicoriii»«.
Brown, dull, more convex, muricate jmnctures regularly and evenly i>laceii.
fubra.
The coxpe are rather more widely separated in the I'oiiuer. In
the males of both species the anterior femur is slightly angulate on
the underside one-third from the base and with a small brush of
short hairs. The females have a slight fovea in the last ventral seg-
ment, while that of the male is plain." Horn.
Systematists are undecided as to the true position of this genus as
well as that of Tapeina.
LepiostylK.i parvus, argentatuj< and acuUfer ; examples of these
species have recently been seen, which were taken by Mrs. Slosson
at Lake Worth, Florida, the latter species having the elytral tuber-
cles pubescent, as in arfjenUdm.
Liopus alpha: add to the synonymy, ciuereiis Lee. 1. c.
The Lamiinide division of our Cerambycidae now contain.-^ Ki'i
species in 54 genera. That of Euroj)e including Caucasus and
Russian Armenia, 254 .species in 31 genera, nine of which occur in
our fauna, namely: Monohammus, Acatithoderes, Acanthocinu-'<, Lio-
pii.% Hoplosla, Poyouochern.'i, Saperda, Tetrops and Oberea; omit-
ting Acanthocimis and Hoplomt, the same genera are common to
Siberia, which contains 102 species in 25 genera, as the genera now
stand.
CORRIGENDA.
Page 103, line 27, 29. 44 read Michthisoniini, MICHTHI30MA, Michthvionm.
" 104, " 32, for Qen. read Captain.
" 106, " 41, for Acan. read Arcan.
" 108, " 27, for Dorclias. rend Dorcas.
" 110, '• 18. for DOR€HAS. read DORCAS.
" 113, " 4, for synopsis read synopses.
" 113, " 13, for Lagochier. read Lagocheir.
" 134. " 36, for baswood read bassvvood.
" 142, " 26, for APORTAX. read APORATAX.
" 144, " 11, for Melotliia read Melothria.
" 149, " 28, for Cretxgus read Cratxgiis.
TBANS. AM. ENT. .SOC. XXIII. (23) .TUNE. 1896.
178
LENG AND HAMILTON.
INDEX TO GENERA.
PAGE.
Acanthocinus 131
Acauthoderes 114, 176
AcmsBops 1 ' 4
Acyplioderes lo*^
Agallissus 173
Amphionycha 161
Anthophilax 1"3
Aucylocera 1'^^
Aporataxia 14'~
Ataxia 143
Bathyle 169
Gacoplia HI
Ceratograi)his 131
Chrotoma 1^6
Ccenopa?us 115, 176
Crossidius 170
Cyrtinus 107
Cyrtoi)horu.s 172
Dectes 126
Desmiphora 140
Do) cascbema HO
Dorcasta 144
Dysphasia 163
Ehuria 166
Ecyrus 136
Elaphidioii 166
Ergates 164
Estola 134
Euderws 173
Eupogoiiiiis 13H
(}(,rs Ill
(iiacilia 166
(liaphisiinit^ 130
Hetceniis HI
Hippopsis 144
Hoplosia 134
Hylotnipes 16.")
Hypciplatys 129
Hypexilis 166
Idn-iiu'a 162
Ipoclms 104
[.an<»('l>eirus US
Lt'Ittostylus 116
I .ejituia 174
PAGE.
Lepturges 127
Liopus- 121, 17^
Lypsimena 139
Mallodon 164
Mecas 152
Mecotetartus 126
Methia 162
Michthisoraa 103
Monilenia ' 105
Monohammus 108
Necydalis 173
Nyssodrys 1 33
Oberea 153
Oncideres 140
Ophistoiuis- . ■ 175
Oxoplus 170
Peritapnia 134, 177
Phymatodes 166
Plectrodera 112
Plectrura 104
Pogonocherus 13.5
Polyopsia 164
Prionus 164
Probatius 142
Psenoce.ruH 108
Ptychodes HO
Khopalopboia 168
Saperda 146
Sicyoblus 144
Si^alacopsis 144
Sphaiiiothecus 171
Steiiosphemi.s 172
Strangalia 174
StyloxuP 162
SynaphtBta 112
Taricanus 141
Tetraopes 158
Tetn)i)iuni 165
Tetrops 1.57
Toxotus 173
Tragidioii 169
Tragosoma 164
Xylotrechus 172
Zaploiis 140
PARASITIC HYMKNOHTKRA. 179
DENCRII>TION»i OF IVEW FARASITK; HYIflENOFTERA.
BY WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
(Paper No. 2.)
Fuiuily SArYCJID.E.
SAPYGA Latreille.
^npyga peloptei sp. n.
%. — Lenjrth 8 nun. Black, confluently puin'tate, pubescent; a stripe behind
eyes, space between base of antennse, the lower part of the eniarpination of the
eyes, clypeus, spot on each niaiulible, iabruni, palpi, antenna' beneath, a s|tot on
each anterior anjile of pronotum, femora beneath and three tips, all tibine and
tai'si, four small spots on first dorsal abdominal sejinient, two larger ones on the
second, two very large confluent s])ots on third and fourth, two large spots but
widely separated on the fifth, two still snuiller spots on sixth and a large one at
base of seventh segment, lemon-yelh)W ; some yellow spots varying in size are
also present along the sides of the venter. Wings hyaline, the .stigma and veins
dark lirown ; submarginal cells four, the first and fourth about equal, the second
and third much shorter, the tliird slightly longer than the second.
Hab. — Toronto, C'linada.
Described from a single specimen, bred by Mr. W. A. Williams,
from the cells of Pelopceus cementariuH. Evidently allied to S.
martini Smith.
Family >[UTILLID.E.
The tribes and genera of oui- INIutillidie may be recognized fnmi
the following tables :
T^S^BXjE OIF' TI^IBES-
Ocelli present in both sexes.
Cubitus in hind wings originating from the apex of submedian cell or close to
it ; marginal cell of front wings long Tribe I. Myrmosini-
Ocelli present only in males, absent in females.
Ocelli small or moderate, rarely large.
Cubitus in hind wings originating far anterior to the apex of the submedian
cell : marginal cell of front wings short; thorax in 9 entire.
_. Tribe IL MutiUini.
Ocelli very large.
Cubitus in hind wings originating from the apex of the submedian cell or in-
terstitial with the transverse median uervure; thorax in 9 divided
into two parts Tribe III. Oi/photini.
180 WILLIAM II. ASHMKAI).
Tribe I. Mi/r))i(isiin.
TABLE OF GENERA.
FEMALES.
Body nisjose, the thorax di vidcMl into two parts ^lyriliosa Latr.
Body smooth, tlie tliorax divided into three parts ^etlioca Latr.
MALES.
Apex of alidonieii unarmed ; fi'ont winois with four siihmartjinal cells, the first
recurrent nervure joiiiinp; the second submarginal cell before its middle;
cubitus of hind wing interstitial with the transverse median nervure.
Myrniosa Latr.
A])ex of abdomen armed with a curved spine; front win^s with only three sub-
marginal cells by the obliteration of the first transverse cubital nervure
the first and second submarginal cells therefore confluent; cubitus of
hind wing not interstitial with tlie transverse median nervure.
Metliova Latr.
Ti-il)e II. MutUlmi.
TABLE OP GENERA.
FEMALES.
Eyes ovate.
Mandibles 3-dentate Uliitilla Linn.
Mandibles -^-dentate Sinicroinyriiie Thoms.®
Eyes round.
Mandibles falcate or nearly so, crossing each other at ti])s with a small tooth
within some distance from apex Spliscroplillialiua Blake.
MA LE8.
Eyes reniform.
Mandibles 3-dentate ]VIiitilIa Linn.
Mandibles -i-dentate Sinicroinyi'ino Thoms.*
Eyes round.
Anterior wings with two siil)marginal and two discoidal cells, the m-irginal cell
not truncate at tip.
Mandibles hidentate at tii)s PiseiKloinolliOCa Ashm. n. g.
Anterior wings with three submarginal and three discoidal cells, the marginal
cell truncate at tip.
Ocelli small ; mandibles long, falcate, crossing each other at tii)s, with a small
tooth within some distance from apex- . .Splia'roplif lialiiia Blake.
Ocelli large; mandibles strongly curved, truncjiti' and ;^dcntate at apex.
I'llOtopNis Blake.
Tribe III. (\ii/>/iotim.
TABLE OF GENERA.
FEMALES.
Middle tarsi with one si)ur Bi'a<*hyei!«tes Fox.
Middle tibiae with two spurs.
Thorax divided into two parts, the abdomen with a long, slender petiole; man-
dibles bidentate Cypltotes Blake.
* To this genus belong most, if not all, our species now- jilaced in the genus Mntilla.
PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA. 181
MALES.
Apex of abdomen armed with a curved spine.
Middle tibise with one spur Brachycistes Blake.
Middle tibise with two spurs Cypliotes Blake.*
l>HOTOPSIS Blake.
Plioto|>*«i$i nauiif^ sp. a.
%. — Lcnfjth .S-4 mm. Verj' light brownish yellow; eyes round, black; the
stemmaticum sometimes dusky, the ocelli pale, sometimes ringed with dusky at
base ; scape and legs, including coxa*, white or yellowish white. Body clothed
with long, sparse, pale hairs, especially on abdomen and legs, less distinct on head
and thorax. The scape of the antenna; is hardly as long as the pedicel and first
two jomts of flagellum united, the first flagellar joint only two-thirds the length
of the second, the fourth and following joints a little shorter than the second,
but still longer than the first. Wings hyaline, iridescent, the stigma and veins
pale, the former tinged with yellow ; the marginal cell is not longer than the
stigma; two comi)lete submarginal cells, the third indicated, however, by the
presence of the third transverse cubital, the other nervures obliterated ; the second
submarginal cell is shorter than the first, the recurrent uei'vure joining it at its
basal one-third.
Hab. — Tucson, Arizona.
Described from several specimens. Comes nearest, apparently, to
P. viiaatiis Blake, hut is much smaller, paler in color, with a tlifferent
wing venation. In P. minutus the radius originates nearer the base
of the stigma than in nanus, while the recurrent ncrvure joins the
second submarginal cell almost at its mitldle.
PSEUDO.flETlIOCA Ashm. n. g.
3fale. — Apex of abdomen armed with two spines ; anterior wings
with two submarginal cells, nearly e<jual in length, the .second slightly
the larger, the recurrent nervure joins the second cell a little before
its middle, marginal cell short, extending only half way to the apex
of wing, the radius originating before the middle of the stigma and
strongly curved from its origin to the margin of the wing ; meso-
notum without parapsidal furrows. Head subquadrate, as viewed
from above, the hind angles acute ; ocelli close together in a triangle ;
antenuie 18-jointed, filiform, inserted near the clypeus, rather widely
separated at base, with a slight keel between, the scape as long as
the pedicel and first two joints of flagellum united, the first joint
of flagellum shorter than the second ; maxillary pal[)i H-, labial palpi
4-jointed ; tibial spurs 1, 2, 2, the middle and posterior pairs rather
long, straight and slender. Type, Photopsis cressonii Fox.
* To this genus belong Photopsis olhipes Bl., P. belfragei Bl., P. melaniceps Bl., P.
nttrimnia Bl. and two or three other species.
TRANS. AM. ENT. .''OC. XXIII. JUNE, 189ti.
182 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
I'seudoniethoca cressonii Fox.
%. — Length 4 mm. Black, shiniug, clothed with sparse whitish hairs; man-
dibles, palpi, antenual tubercles, sutures of trochanters, knees of anterior and
middle legs and their tarsi, the abdominal sutures 2 and 3 and the last segment
with two spines, honey-yellow; anterior and middle femoi-a beneath, more or less
piceous. Head distinctly punctate ; thorax with coarser reticulated punctures ;
metanotum reticulated. Wings subfuscous, the stigma and veins brown. Ab-
domen sparsely punctate, the punctures closer together toward apex of the seg-
ments, the segments 3 and 5 perfectly smooth, impunctured towards the base.
Hub. — Jacksonville, Fla. ; New Jersey (Fox).
Described from a single specimen captured by myself.
Family CYNIFID.E.
Subfamily I. Figitin^e.
SARATHRUS Hartig.
Sarathrus nasoui sp. n.
f . — Length 2 mm. Polished black ; eyes bare ; legs dark honey-yellow, the
coxae and femora, except tips, black ; the posterior tibise more or less obfuscated
behind ; antennse 13-jointed, entirely black, the scape and last joint of an equal
length, and longer than any of the other joints, the scape clavate, the last joint
oblong ovate; the first and second joints of the flagellum are about equal, but
slenderer than the following joints, the flagellar joints 3-10 subeqnal, about
twice as long as thick, the terminal joint is not quite twice as long as the penul-
timate. Wings hyaline, the veins reddish brown, the areolet incomplete, with
only the second transverse cubital vein present ; scutellum rugose, with two large
polished fovese at base, separated by a delicate carina; mctathorax rugulose with
two median carinie, the latter bounded outwardly by a rather dense pubescence.
Hub. — Algonquin, 111.
Described from one 9 taken by Dr. Wm. A. Nason, Aug. 12,
1895.
FIGITOOES Ashmead.
FigitodeN atricoruis s]>. u.
5> . — Length 2.5 mm. Polished black ; eyes pubescent : mandibles and palpi
black ; knees, tibiai and tarsi dark honey-yellow; The sides of face, along the
eyes, are microscopically shagreened ; prothorax at sides, the mesopleura, excej)!
superiorly, and the metapleura are coarsely striated ; antennse 13-jointed, black,
the last joint much stouter, but very little longer than the scape, twice as long
as the penultimate joint; the first joint of the flagellum is a little longer than
the second, the third a little shorter than the second, the joints beyond subuio-
niliform, only a little longer than thick. Wings hyaline, bare, the marginal cell
open along the fore margin and nearly as wide as long: mesouotum smooth, with
two furrows; scutellum rugose posteriorly; ventral valve large triangular, the
short abdominal segments 4 6 sparsely microsco}>ically i>unctate. visible only with
a high power lens, the seventh or terminal dorsal segment closely minutely iiunc-
tat«, except at base.
Hab.—^imUi Fe, New Mex.
Described from one 9 received from Prof. T. D. \. Cockerell,
who captured it on Alfalfa.
PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA. 183
$«OL.KNA$iriS A.shinead.
Solenaspis siiigiilariN sj). n.
9 . — Length 2.'y mm. Black ; anteniiiP, except scape, light brown, the terminal
joint dusky : trochanters, knees, anterior and middle tihise and their tarsi, honey-
yellow. The head in front is roughly shagreened, ))ehiiid on occii)Ut transversely
rugulose; pronotum above and at sides longitudinally striated: nieso|)leura
shagreened. superiorly smoother and delicately striated ; mesonotum smooth,
highly polished, with two deep, crenated parapsidal furrows; scutellum coai-sely
rugose, with two large deep fovese at base and produced into a long spine at apex ;
metathorax coarely rugose; antenuaj 13-jointed, long, extending to middle of
abdomen, thickened at tips, the terminal .joint being oblong, much thicker than
the i)receding and the longest joint ; the fii-st joint of flagellum is only two-thirds
as long as the second, the following joints very gradually thickening and also
gradually shortening. Wings hyaline, finely pubescent, the veins piceous or
black, the outer vein of the areolet perpendicular and rather long, the cubitus
visible as a delicate brownish streak. Abdomen not longer than the thorax, the
petiole short, transverse, with several raised lines.
The % agrees well with the 9- except the antennaj are 14-jointed, filiform,
longer than the body, the tlagellum brown, dusky towards tip, the joints long,
cylindrical, the first shorter than the second, not quite five times as long as thick,
while the outer transverse cubital nervure is much shorter than in the 9 •
Hab. — Algonquin, 111.
Described from one 9 :iii<l ^ve % specimens received from Dr.
Wm. A. Nason.
Suhfaniily If. ONYCHllNiE.
.4!!»I>IC'EKA Dahlbom.
A!>i|»icera utiilieiisiM sp. n.
9- — Length 3.1 mm. Black, pubescent; fiagellum and legs rufous; mesopleura
polished; first joint of flagellum distinctly longer than the second; .scutellum
rugose, with some raised lines and terminating in a spine; surface of thorax
feebly shagreened. the usually carinse present, but the surface between not re"
ticulated from irregular niised lines; tegulai black. Wings liyaline, the veins
light brownish.
if« 6.— Salt Lake, Utah.
Described from one 9 taken by Mr. E. A. Schwarz.
This species is allied to A. albihirta Ashm., but is readily .sepa-
rated from it and other .-species by it,*: smoother surface, and the rela-
tive length of the fir.<<t and second flagellar joints. *
Subfamily III. Axacharin^.
XYL.ASPIS Hartig.
Xylaspix flavipes sp. n.
'J,. — Length 2.3 mm. Black; antcnnie, excej)! scape at base, light brown:
mandibles, i>alpi and legs, except the hind coxje, yellow, the anterior and middle
coxai more or less dusky at base; first joint <)f fiagellum about one-half longer
than the second. Head smooth, ])olishod ; thorax finely rugulose, the collar at
TKANS. AM. ENT. .SOC. XXIII. .Jf.VK. 1896.
184 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
sides rugose, the mesopleura polished only at the middle; the scutellum ends in
a conical spine, is coarsely rugose, with two large fovese at hase. Wings hyaline
the veins light yellowish; petiole of abdomen about twice as long as thick,
smooth, shining, except a few wrinkles at base. .
Hab. — Great Falls, Md., and Arlington, Va.
Described from two % specimens, the one from Maryland taken
by Mr. E. A. Schwarz.
AEGILIPS Haliday.
Aegilips victoriie sp. n.
9 • — Length 1.9 mm. Polished black ; sides of prothorax, the scutellum and
the metathorax rugose; antennae slightly thickened toward tips, ferruginous, the
scape dusky at base above, the first joint of the flagellum distinctly longer than
the second. Legs honey-yellow, except tips, black ; the femora more or less ob-
fuscated, the hind tibise and tarsi dusky; petiole very short, grooved.
^a6.— Victoria, V. I.
Described from one 9 specimen taken by Mr. E. A. Schwarz,
June 2, 1893.
AlKACHARIS Dalman.
Anacharis mexicana sp. n.
9. — Length .3.1 mm. Polished black, the head and thorax above, including
the scutellum, with a decided aeneous tinge ; pronotum at sides, mesopleura, ex-
cept at middle, and metathorax rugose ; antennae, except scape and the legs, fer-
ruginous. The first and second joints of the flagellum are about equal, the fol-
lowing to the last very gradually shortening and thickening, the last joint as
long as the pedicel and first flagellar joint united ; petiole of abdomen slender
smooth, longer than the hind coxae.
Hab. — Santa Fe, New Mex.
Described from one 9 specimen taken by Prof T. D. A. Cockerell,
in August.
Subfamily V. Euc(ELIN^e.
GAIVASPIS Forster.
Ganaspis diastrophi sp. n.
9. — Length 2 mm. Polished black; antennae 13-jointed, rufous, uniformly
thickened, the third joint alone being a little thinner than the others, the joints
beyond elongate oval, finely fluted, slightly ])ubescent and about twice as long as
thick. Thorax elevated, not longer than high, not compressed at sides, the scu-
tellum rugose, the cup much elevated, broadly oval or nearly round, its margins
pale, the disc flat, with a fovea posteriorly and a few punctures around the rim ;
anteriorly it is connected with the mcsonotum by a sharp carina: pleura smooth,
polished ; metathorax very short, rugulose, with two delicate parallel carina^
down the centre. All coxae and femora, except tips, black ; trochanters, tips of
femora and rest of legs, honey-yellow. The abdomen is about as long as the
thorax, smooth, polished, with a slight pubescent girdle at base and abruptly
truncate at tip. Wings hyaline, iridescent, ciliated, the veins yellowish ; the
PAUASITIC IIY.MKXOl'TKKA. 185
iTi;irsin:d cell is about as broad as louji, the second abscissa of tlie radius slifilitly
curved outwardly and but si ijrlitly longer than thefii'st: there is a distinct sub-
median nervure connecting; with and extending slightly beyond the basal nervuri'.
% . — Length 1 nun. In structural and coloratiunal detail the male agrees with
the female very closely, except in its smaller size atid tlie following difl'erences :
The anteiuue are lo-jointed, black, all the joints but tiie third being round, or
moniiiform ; the third Joint is twice as long as thick, narnAvcd towards hhse,
while the tibiie are obscured or brownish.
Hub.— We^t Point, Neb.
Described from two speciiueus, one S one 9 , received by tlie
Department of Agriculture from Prof. L. Bruner and labeled
"Reared from l)lackberry gall, DhtKtrojihiix (■ii.scKfdj'orniis (). S.
I» I KZ<» It It I A 1 orster.
Piezobria floriditiia s]>. n.
9.' — Length 1.2 mm. Polished black; antennie 13-jointed, the two basal and
the six enlarged terminal joints black, the intermediate joints Itrownish or yel-
lowish, the last joint of club much the largest, globose : cup of scutellum broadly
oval, nearly round, perfectly fiat above, with a row of punctures surrounding
the margin, the margin piceous. The legs are reddish brown or dark red, the
femora more or less obfuscated. Wings hyaline, iridescent, pubescent and ciliated,
the veins pale, only slightly tinged with yellow, the marginal cell all along the
fore border and at base, as in genus A-spicera. Abdomen as long as the head and
thorax united, black, highly polished, along the venter basally it is more or less
piceous or brownish ; the ovipositor i)rotrudes slightly, but jirohably unnaturally.
Hal). — Archer, Fla.
Described from four specimens, collected by Mr. E. A. Schwarz,
May 3, 1882.
Subfamily VI. All()Tkiin.k.
A I.IiO'r K I A Westwood.
Allotria .YantIioi>Ni<« s]i. n.
% . — Length 1.2 mm. Polished black, very finely sjjarsely pubescent. Face
and cheeks from middle of eye downwards, the clypeus, the paljii and the legs,
including all coxse, bright warm yellow ; antennae 14-jointed, as long as the body,
yellowish, the scape only a little longer than the second joint, joints 4 and 5 very
slightly longer and thicker than the third or any of the following joints, a little
narrowed basally, and. when viewed from the side, ajjpearing slightly curved,
the joints beyond these very gradually and imperceptibly shortening, tlie last
joint being the shortest. Wings hyaline, strongly iridescent, ciliated, the veins
pale yellowish, the marginal cell a little shorter than in A. brussicse, closed,
scarcely twice as long as wide.
Hab. — Crescent City, Fla.
Described from a single specimen received from Mr. H. G. Hub-
bard, and reared by liim from the orange ajdiis, kSiphonophora
eitrifolii Ashm.
The species ap])ears to aj)proach closely to the European .1. xan-
thoci'pluthi Thoms.
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (24) JUNK, 1896.
186 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
Subfamily VII. 8YNERGlNil<:.*
CKKOPTKES Hartig.
Ceropfres froiidosa? sp. n.
9 . — Length 2.6-3 mm. Black ; antennse and legs brownish yellow, all coxae
dusky at base; mandibles piceous with black tips. Head minutely punctate.
Thorax closely minutely punctate, sericeous. Face with a median ridge and a
few striae converging towards base of mandibles; parapsidal furrows delicate but
distinct; deeper, broader and more sharply defined posteriorly; mesojtleura for
most part smooth and polished, but along the base hairy and delicately striated ;
metapleura hairy. The scutellum projects slightly over the metathorax, rugose,
the metathorax short, abruptly declining, with two distinct parallel carinse on
the disc and on each side a long transverse fovea. The abdomen is black, pol-
ished, not longer than broad vertically and pubescent at base of second segment,
the delicate connected suture distinguished with difficulty, and only visible when
examined with the lens carefully from the side; the sheaths of the ovijjositor
project about 0.6 mm. above the dorsal surface; the third, fourth and fifth seg-
ments are exceedingly short; the fifth and sixth segments and the ventral valve
are brown, or yellowish brown, and, if examined carefully, exhibit a fine, deli-
cate punctuation. Wings hj^aline, pubescent; the veins pale yellowish; in one
specimen the cubital cell is not defined, and the areolet is without the inner side
vein ; the other specimens have the cultital cell and the areolet distinct.
Hub. — St. Louis, Mo.
Described from three 9 specimens reared May 1, 1870, by Dr.
(J. V. Riley, from Andricas frondosa Bass.
Ceropfres rufiventris sp. n.
9- — Length 2 mm. Head and thorax black; finely, minutely punctulate,
sparsely clothed with a fine pile, the vertex smooth, shining, the face pubescent ;
antennae and legs, including all coxae, brownish yellow ; mandibles and palpi
yellowish : abdomen rufous. The antennae are 13-jointed, filiform, not thickened
toward tips, the third and fourth joints about equal in length, the fourth very
slightly longer, the terminal joint one-third longer than the penultimate. Thorax
subopaque, the parapsidal furrows very delicate, subobsolete, and poorly defined
anteriorly ; pleura smooth, highly polished, with a tuft of white hair beneath
the teguUe and pnbes(H'nt along the base ; metapleura more densely pubescent ;
scutellum minutely rugose, apjjarently without foveas at base and pubescent.
Abdomen normal, ])ubesce.nt at base of second segment above, the sheaths of the
ovipositor (juite prominent. Wings hyaline, the veins i)ale yellow, the cubital
cell only partly closed, the areolet comi)lete. but the surrounding nervures faint.
Hah.- Cadet, Mo.
Described from a sino^le s{)ecimen bred Ai)ril 19, 1888, from An-
dricnx ostemiackenu Bass. Received by Dr. C. V. Riley from J. G.
Barlow.
This species a})proaches nearer to C. ficm Fitch, but is at once
distin<rnished by the different colored head and thorax, the delicately
marked parap.sidal furrows and the rufous abdomen.
*■ Formerly iNQUiLiNiE.
PARASITIC IIYMKNOl'TERA. 187
Ceroptrt^M |>olitii!>i s]). n.
9. — Li'iijrth l.S iiiiii. Polislied l)l;ick ; aiiteima' iiiid le^s brownish yellow, the
middle and posterior coxie hhick. the anterior and middle femora dusky, the
posterior femora black ; anteniup suhelavate, Ti-jointed, reaehiiifr nearly to the
middle of abdomen, the third joint slifjlitly shorter than the fourth, the terminal
joint beiiifj the longest and thickest. Head and thorax jiolished, subpubescent.
the puhescenee denser on face, cheeks and metathorax. Thorax with the i)arai)-
sidal furrows delicate, subolisolete anteriorly; there is a short median grooved
line posteriorly and a short faint line on the scapnlse ; the scntellum is minutely
rugose, bare, the fovese at base small, indistinct; mesopleura highly jiolished.
bare, with a groove near the posterior margin. The abdomen is one-third longer
than wide vertically, subcompres.sed, highly polished, black, although sometimes
brown or piceous at base; the third, fourth, fifth and sixth segments short, the
sheaths of the ovipositor being short and not i)rojecting above the dorsum. Wings
hyaline, the veins pale and delicate, the cubitus, areolet and cubital transverse
vein usually ngt at all develojied, although in some sjieciniens they can be de-
tected, but are exceedingly faint.
The % has 15-jointed, honey-yellow antenna, the scape alone being dusk.v, the
third joint is straight and unlike all other Ceroptres, being without the usual
emargination ; otherwise it agrees with 9 .
Described from one % and seven 9 specimens. The females were
observed ^fay 20 ovipositing in the niidril) of a leaf of Quercus
rubra.
El CEROFTKEW n g.
This genns is at once distinguished from Ceroptres by the 9 hav-
ing thirteen distinct joints in the antennse, the usually connate suture
dividing the second abdominal segment is as distinct as the others
and very oblique, dividing the segment into two equal parts; the
head is large and wider than the widest part of the thorax, while
the posterior tibia has two distinct apical spurs. The % has 1")-
jointed antennie, the third joint being longer than the fourtli and
excised. The otlier characters agree with Ceroptres, except the
sheaths of the ovipositor are small tind do not project.
Eucoroptr('!« primus n. sp.
9- — Li'ugth 2 mm. Black: antennse brownish yellow, the basal joint black;
legs brown, all coxse black, femora and posterior tibiai obfuscated; mandibles
brown. Head and thorax minutely punctulate, very slightly transversel.v rugu-
lose : parapsidal grooves delicate, but distinct, and with two short lines between
them anteriorly: scntellum rugose, the foveas at base, distinct; mesopleura
highly polished ; metatliorax short, abrupt, rugose, bicarinated. Abdomen ovate,
slightly compressed, haiilly iis long as the thorax, smooth, highly polished, the
segments very oblique, the petiole short, wrinkled. Wings hyaline, pubescent,
the veins pale brown, the radial cell and areolet closed, cubital cell partially
closed, the cubitus extending to apical margin.
The %, in colorational details, agrees with the 9- '"'^ tl'^-' anteniue are longer,
filiform, l.')-jointed. the third joint longer than tln' fourth and distinctly emar-
ginated.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE, 1H96
188 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
Described from one S and two 9 > labeled No. 2640 received from
Dr. Wittfeldt, of Georgiana, Fla., reared March 24, 1882, and from
a smaller form,' but H mm. in length, labeled No. 780 P, reared
July 3, 1883, from a gall found on Quercas alhn near the Merrimac
River, Ma.ssachusetts.
This latter may be a distinct species, but I could detect no good
charac!ters to se])arate it.
PERI€L,I!f$TlJS Forster.
Fericli!^tu!<$ MiiiilaciM n. s]).
9- — Length 2.8 mm. Black, siib()i)aqiie, densely, minutely punctulate; an-
tennsB ferriifrinous. Legs brownish yellow, all the coxte dusky hasally, the pos-
tei'ior pair usually black, the anterior pair sometimes concolorous with the legs;
palpi pale. Head finely, conHuently punctate, almost smooth and slightly shin-
ing on the vertex, the face pubescent, with a di.stinct medial ridge. Thorax more
densely punctulate, the parapsidal grooves distinct throughout, a long median
groove posteriorly and „wo short grooves between the parapsides anteriorly, wliile
on the shoulders is a distinct, rather long grooved line; mesopleura smooth,
highly i)olished. bare on the disc, pubescent beneath wing and along the nieso-
sternum : scutelluni rugose, the fovea? at base, large, transverse, nearly confluent.
Abdomen ])olished black, slightly pubescent hasally, the ovipositor sheaths dis-
tinct, projecting. Wings hyaline, pubescent, the veins ])ale yellowish, the neura-
tion as in piratiix.
The % differs from 9 only in its smaller size, being but 2 mm. long, and in the
usual sexual diflerences; the antennae are 14-jointed, the thiid joint being strongly
eniarginated.
Described from thiiteeu s])ecimens, labeled No. 864, reared April
28, 1871, and four numbered 1010, reared February 4, 1884, from
Diadrojj/uii .ii)dlaci.'< Ashm.
I'ericlisf us californicus n. sp.
% 9- — Length 2-2.4 mm. Similar to P. smilacis, the punctuation finer, the
pubescence denser, antennse dark brown. Legs reddish yellow, sometimes ob-
fuscated, the middle and posterior coxte lilack, shining. The parapsidal grooves
are only distinct on the posterior half of the mesonotum, entirely wanting antc-
liorly, and there is no distinct grooved line on the shoulders, while the shoit
anterior median grooves are wanting: scntellum rugose, foveas large, distinct.
ohli(iue; mesopleura smooth, highly polished. Wings hyaline, jxihescent, irides-
cent, veins brown, the areolet large, cubital and marginal cells ('losed. Abdomen
densely black, higlily i)olished.
Descril)ed from nine specimens, labeled No. 12"), reared during
July, 188(i, by Mr. Albert Koebele from RhoiVde.-^ polita A.shm. and
numerous other specimens labeled No. 3839, reared at the Depart-
ment during Jjinuary and February, 1886, from the sam(> gall col-
lected in Wyoming and Colorado.
PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA. 189
SYNERGUS Hartig.
SyiicrgiiN agrifolite sp. n.
9.— Length 2 2.4 mm. Brownish yelh)\v, the leg.s and coxfe paler, the meta-
thorax dusky; ocelli, eyes and mandihles l)hi('k, or hrown-hlack. The face and
pleura are finely striated, head and thorax finely minutely rugose, ])uhescent,
the parapsidal furrows wanting, the fovese of scutellum small, shallow, hardly
apparent; anteniife i;}-joi!ited, flagellar joints 2 i>nd 3 equal, little shorter than
the first. Tlu! abdomen is not quite as long as the head and thorax combined,
slightly compressed, and vertically it is almost as wide as long with tlie tips some,
times dusky. Wings hyaline, j)ubescent, the veins pale or liyaline, the areolet
distinct, but the closing vein very delicate: in two specimens it is absent.
Tlie % is but 1.5 mm. long, and, excepting the black eyes and ocelli, entirely
l)rownish yellow.
Hub. —Los Angeles, Cal.
Described from thirteen specimens, hred by Mr. Albert Koebele
from a gall not unlike Xenrotcni.s HaltatoriuH Edw. occurring on
Que re US iic/rifolia.
^iy■ler;;l■!<t atri|M'iiiiiM sp. n.
9. — Length .3.4 mm. Stature similar to <*?. pomifonni.i Ashm. Head brown,
the vertex, occiput, mandibles, thorax, petiole and wings black; head and thorax
minutely rugulose, the mesonotum transversely rugulose, the face and pleura,
except at middle, coarsely striated. The antennje are long, filiform, and remark-
able in having fifteen distinct joints : mesonotal furrows distinct ; S(uitellar fovese
shallow, poorly defined, while the cubital, areolet and marginal cells are closed.
Hub. — Crescent City, Fla.
Described from five specimens bred June 28, 188.'>, by i\Ir. Henry
<jr. Hubbard, from Holcaspu ficnla Bass.
The black wings and l.^-joiiited aiitennie readily distinguish the
species.
Syii('i*$;ii!$ brevic'ornis u. sp.
9. — Length 2.y-3 mm. Stature similar to N. Ueviventris, but the sculjtture of
the thorax is more rugose, the abdomen proportionately shorter, the ventral valve
Itrojects slightly, and tlie anteniui; reach back only twxi-thirds the length of tho-
rax. Vertex of head, thorax and abdomen black ; orbits cheeks, face, antenna-
and legs, brownisli yellow, the dei)th of color often varying; middle and poste-
rior coxae l)lack, the front pair often dusky basally. postei'ior femora often more
or less clouded ; antennae 13-iointed, filiform, the third joint one-third longer
than fourth ; face and mesopleura rather coarsely striated ; scutellum rounded,
depressed at base with two distinct foveie : the grooves of the mesonotum rounded,
almost obsolete by the coarse sculpture. Abdomen highly i)olished, the second
segment entirely hiding all the others and gaping open at apex, in con.sequence
the ventral valve projects, is brownish and armed with a slight spine. Wings
liyaline, pubescent, the veins ])ale, the suhmarginal and marginal veins brownish
apically ; areolet large, closed, the cubital cell only i>artially clo.sed.
The %, is but 1.8 mm. long, with the head wholly, except stemmaticum, and
the legs, including coxa*, brownish yellow. The aiitennie are short, l.")-jointed,
the third joint long, strongly exci.sed, the ai)ical joint l)rown.
Hub. — Eldorado ('ounty, California.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXllI. .Jl NK, 189().
190 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD,
Described from one male, eighteen females reared during February,
1881, from a twig gall, Andricus sp. on Querciis ivisliceni, collected
by Mr. Albert Koebele.
Family ICHNEUMONID.E.
kSubfamily II. Ophionin^.
Tribe I. Aiiomalonini.
EXOCHIL.LT]?! Wesmael.
Exocliiluin acpoiiyctie sp. n.
9 . — Leugth 26 mm. Head and thorax black, punctulate ; dypeus connected
with a line on face, anterior and j'osterior orbits abbreviated above and only rep-
resented there by a dot at summit of eyes, yellow; antennae and legs fulvous;
the two basal antennal joints entirely and the third joint basally. black; coxa-
and apical two-thirds of posterior femora and nearly the apical half of tibise.
black ; petiole of abdomen, the second segment, except a longitudinal line above,
the third segment and a blotch on the side of the fourth at base rufous, rest of
the abdomen black. Wings fuliginous, the outer edge of costse fulvous.
Hah. — Placer County, California, and Washington, D. C.
Described from two specimens, one labeled No. 49, , reared March
30, 1886, from Acronyda lupina, in California, by Mr. Albert
Koebele ; the other reared June 8, 1883, from Acronyda hastilifera
at Department of Agriculture.
This large and beautiful form is allied to Ex. teanipe.^ Cress, and
Ex. munditm Say, from both of which it is separated by the different
colored legs and abdomen.
AKGYPOX Forster.
Argypoii prspdiscae sp. n.
•J, 9. — Length 7-8 mm. ; ovip. i mm. Head and thorax black, rather coarsely
pnnctulate, the punctures on the mesothorax anteriorly more or less confluent ;
the insect is sparsely covered with a white pubescence, much denser on the
pleura; the mouth parts, face, broad orbital lines connected above with broad
post-orbital lines that occupy the whole sides of the cheeks, vary in color from
ferruginous to yellow. The antennai, when ))ent backwards, reach to the apex
of the petiole ; they are ferruginous, the ai)ical half and the scape above and the
second joint basally, black ; in the % they are wholly black, except beneath, for
about half their length. The superior margin of prothorax, extending from
tegula; but not quite meeting in front, is broadly ferruginous or yellow ; tegula*
reddish yellow. Legs ferruginous, anterior and middle pairs a little paler, poste-
rior pair have the first joint of trochanters unusually long, superiorly dusky, the
second joint above is also black or dusky, the femora at base and apex and the
tibife at apex are dusky ; the metathorax is produced into a neck at apex, tlu'
length of the neck being about two-thirds the length of the posterior coxai, to
which is attached the abdomen ; the whole surface is rugose, and there is a lon-
gituilinal shallow channel extending from ba.se of post-scutellum to the ])roduced
PARASITIC IIYMENOPTERA. 191
apex. Abdomen long, slender, compressed tliroufjhout, at least twice as long as
the head and thorax together, ferruginous; the petiole and first segment are
about e<|ua! in length and very slender ; the second segment dorsally, the third
less distinctly, a blotcb at apex of fifth, all of sixth, and tlie base of seventh,
dusky or black; in the % the second and third wholly, a blotch on the fourth,
apex of the fifth and the following segments, including claspers. excej)t ex-
treme edge of last segment, are black. Wings short, hyaline ; the stigma and
veins pale brown ; the disciil areolet is wanting, and the third discoidal cell is
rather narrow, the cubital nervure slightly curved and intei'stitial with the dis-
coidal nervure, the first recurrent nervure is, therefore, absent, a peculiarity not
befiire noticed in the group. .
Hah. — St. L()ui.«<, INTo., and Fortress Monroe, Va.
Described from several specimens labeled •3422'^'', reared July 10th,
and Anyust 7th and 10th, 1884, from a Tortricid, Pnedb^ca species,
found at Fortress Monroe, and a single specimen, labeled No. 750^",
l)red by Dr. C. V. Riley, from an unknown Tortricid in Missouri,
April 23, 1877.
Tribe III. Porlzonini.
Tribe TV. Pristomerini.
KIIMI0S09IA Cresson.
Eipho!«oiiia pyraliiliK n. sp.
^.—Length 12 mm. Black, shining ; the thorax with some coarse scattered
punctures; face, pleura and metathorax sparsely covered with long white pubes-
cence ; the face, mouth parts, anterior orbits to summit and an abbreviated post-
orbital line, yellow ferruginous : ridge of collar, pro.sternum, except ajjcx, two
oval spots anteriorly on middle lobe of mesothorax ; scutellum, tegulje, tubercles
and a triangular spot in front of them, an oblong spot beneath the insertion of
posterior wings and the apex of metathorax connected with lateral lines not ex-
tending to the meta-scutelhim, yellow. The anterior and middle legs are pale
yellow ferruginous; the posterior pair red, their coxse, except at apex, first joint
of trochanters and second joint above, the base and apex of femora, the tibiai,
except a blotch on the middle, and tarsi, l)lack ; the tootli on fen)ora beneath near
the apex, charactoi'istic of the genus, is small. Abdomen very long, slender,
compressed, ferruginous, the petiole very slender, about as long as the second
segment, luteous; the slightly swollen apex black; the second segment, except
at apex, is dorsally black ; the third and following segments are of nearly an
equal letigth, hardly half the length of the second, base of third and a narrow
line at base of fourth, fifth and sixth segments, and the terminal segments wholly,
except a blotch at sides, black. Wings hyaline : stigma, except a pale streak at
base, and the veins brown ; the discal areolet is subtriangular, petiolate.
Hah. — Kirkwood, Mo.
Described from a single specimen received from Miss Mary Murt-
feldt, labeled " Para.site on Pyntlid {.") or So/idiu/o, June 12, 1.S85."
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. .HNE. 1M»().
192 WILLIAM H. ASH3IEAD.
PRI^iTOIVIERUS Curtis.
Pristonierus eiiryptycliiie n. sp.
Honey-yellow, or pale yellow ferruginous; the head hrown ; antennip black,
the basal joints beneath and the incisions of the third, fourth and fifth joints,
yellow; the sutures surrounding the scutellum and base of nietathorax black;
posterior femora has a dusky subapical band, armed beneath, beyond the middle,
with a large tooth, followed by several minute denticulations ; the base and apex
of posterior tibise are also black, their tarsi dusky, the joints somewhat paler
basally ; nietathorax areolated. The abdomen is gone aud cannot be described,
although in all jn'obability it was concolorous with the thorax. Wings hyaline ;
the stigma is very large, triangular, dark brown, the veins paler; the areolet
wanting.
Hab. — District of Columbia.
Described from one specimen bred May 19, 1884, from Eunjptijchla
saligueana Clem.
Tribe VII. OphionuiL
EREMOTYLUS Forster.
Eremotyliis arctise sp. n.
% . — Length 2(3 mill. ; wing expanse 35 mm. ; 9 20-28 mm. ; expanse 36 40 mm.
This species is closely allied to OpJiln. mac r arum Linn., and is no
doubt confused in our collections with that species ; it is, however,
slightly smaller, and may at once be distinguished by the following
differences :
O. inacruriini Linn. E. arctite u. sp.
Wings with a decided fulvous tinge Wings without the fulvous tinge and
and the veins fulvous ; the second re- the basal nervure, tips of median and
current nervure is abont tvdce as long discal nervures vary from brown to
as the first recurrent nervure, the third black, or piceo-black ; the second recur-
discoidal cell, therefore, is much wider rent nervure is only slightly longei-
at apex than at base. than the first recurrent nervure the
cubital nervure being arcuate and the
third discoidal cell, therefore, is about
as wide at ai)ex as at base.
Transverse metathoracic carina is Transverse metathoracic carina is
always more or less distinctly sinuated straight,
at the middle.
Spinulse on hind wings vary from .Spinula- on hind wings vary from
13 to 15. 7 to 9.
Hub. — Wtishington, I). C. ; Jack.son, Miss. ; Vineland, N. J. ;
Selma, Ala. ; nnd Alameda, ('al.
Described from one % labeled " Bred from Saturnio io," received
from Mrs. Mary Treat, Vineland, N. J. ; one 9 , labeled No. 995''",
reared Feb. 8, 1879, from Ecpunthena scribonia ; another. No. 408,
lin-d 1)\ Mr. E. A. Schwarz, at Jackson, Miss., Feb. 27, 1879, from
il
PARASITIC HY.MKNXH'TKKA. 193
Arctia virc/iuica ; besides a single 9 received from Prof. J. A. Willet,
Selnia, Ala., " reared from a cocoon found under pine hark ;" a sin-
gle specimen captured at large in xVlameda County, California, by
Mr. Albert Koebele ; and one 9 'i^ "ly collection from Tennessee.
The species is, therefore, quite extensively distributed throughout
the country as 0. macrurum, and judging fnjm the above rearings
confines its attacks to various Arctiids.
To this genus also belongs Thyreodon texamtx Ashm., Oj/hioii
slossonce Davis, is apparently a synonym of this species.
Tribe VIII. Ca)iijtoph'(j!nL
VUXKOVS Holnifrreu.
</harops apattira; sji. n.
This species iu size and stature is similar to Charops (ihialis Cr., described from
Texas, but is decidedly different in the color of the legs, these are ferruginous;
all the coxae and the first joint of posterior trochanters black ; the hind femora
at base and apex and the apices of tibise and tarsi dark fuscous, the joints of the
tarsi more or less p'tler basallj'.
ifa6.— Fairburg, 111.
Described from one specinien received from Mr. A. C. Mundt,
and l)red by him from the larva of Apaiara chjton.
I.I.>I\EKI.\ Holmgren {sem. lat).
The following table will aid in separating the species described
below :
Wholly ferruginous, the vertex of head only black L<, rufa u. sj).
^ Head and thorax black.
Abdomen not wholly black ; red, or banded with red 2.
Abdomen wholly black, legs ferruginous L. acrouyctiC n. sp.
2. Abdomen banded or blotched with ferruginous.
Hind cosffi and first joint of trochanters black l,, lioliH' n. sp.
Hind coxae and legs ferruginous £,. iie|>lieIo4li«« n. sj).
.Abdomen wholly ferruginous li. epliONtrin' n. sp.
liiiniK'ria riifa u. sp.
%. — Length 4 mm. Wholly ferruginous, the vertex of head dusky or black,
sparsely covered with a white, glittering pubescence, more apparent on face and
pleura; mandibles, palpi and trochanters pale yellowish white; antennae brown,
the two basal joints pale; tegulaj pale whitish ; apical spurs on middle and poste-
rior tibiae very long, divergent. Wings hyaline; stigma and veins brown, the
outer edge of costse and stigma black ; the discal areolet is rather large, subpetio-
late, the cubital nervure bent before the middle.
Hab. — St. Louis, Mo.
Described from two specimens, labeled No. 2640, reared July 1!),
1869, from Aplodes rubiroru Walsh.
TRANS. A.M. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (25) JUNE, 1896.
194 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
It is very distinct from any otlier of our described species of
Limneriu.
Ijinineria acrotiyelse n. sp.
% . — Length 4 mm. Wholly black ; face and body covered with a sparse white
pubescence ; two basal joints of antenuse ferruginous ; mandibles and palpi pale.
Legs ferruginous; the base and apex of posterior tibijp black, their tarsi more or
less fuscous ; tibial spurs of middle and hind legs large, divergent, pale; meta-
thorax ai'eolated ; the abdomen is a little longer than the head and thorax to-
gether, but slightly compressed, black, the venter yellowish, with a longitudinal
fold its whole length, tegulse. yellowish white. Wings hyaline, subiridescent ;
stigma and veins pale brown ; the discal areolet is small, petiolate, the cubital
nervure bent a little before the middle, the second recurrent uervure about two
and a half times the length of the first.
Described from one s})ecimen reared from Acronyda ohlbiafa.
This s{)eeies apj)roaches nearest to L. obliterata Cress., but can be
at once distinguished from it by the distinct, petiohtte areolet.
Liinineria lieliie n. sp.
"J,. — Length 7 mm. Black; mandibles and jialpi pale ; face covered with glit-
tering white pile; antennte entirely black. Legs ferruginous; posterior coxje
and first joint of trochanters black, the second joint pale, femora with a dusky
spot at apex above, tibife and tarsi dark fuscous ; metathorax areolated, its disc-
covered with some long white pubescence. Abdomen only slightly compressed,
the extreme apical margins of all the segments beyond the petiole ferruginous,
that on the second segment being the widest, the third has a large red spot at
sides connected with a line above, the fourth also has a blotch at the sides, and
the fifth with a very small one ; the sheaths of the penis are exserted, and are some-
what curved and hook-like, their tips being bluntly rounded. Wings hyaline ;
the stigma and veins dark brown, piceous; discal areolet rather large, triangular,
subsessile ; the cubital nervure is bent a little before the middle, the second re-
current nervure not more than twice tlie length of the first. ^
Hub. — Washington, D. C.
Described from one specimen hibcled No. 3288'^'', reared Ai)ril 28,
1884, from ITelia amula 111.
This species appears to be closely related to L. o.rijlus Cress., but
in that species the areolet is distinctly i)etiolated.
Liiiiiieria iie|>liel4»(li!>» n. sp.
% . — Length 4 mm. Black, covered with a white pubescence, the face especially
so; mandibles and palpi pale; antennte, except the two basal joints, beneath
which Hre ferruginous, black. Legs entirely ferruginous, the posterior tarsi alone
dusky; metathorax areolated, the disc not pubescent. Abdomen about half again
as long as the liead iind thorax together, black ; the apical half of second seg-
ment, apical two-thirds of the third, the fourth wholly, and a spot on the sides
of fifth along the venter ferruginous. Wings hyaline : stigma and veins brown ;
the discal areolet of moderate size, petiolate; the submediiin cell is a little longer
than the mi'dian, and tlu> second recunvnt nei'vure is half again as long as the
first.
//'//>.— St. Loui.s Mo.
PAIJAsrriC HYMKNOl'TKKA. ■ 19.")
DcscrihtHl from a .single £ labeled No. 2- L, reared l)y Dr. Kiley
ill ]Mi.<suuri, Aug. 7, 1872, from Nej)helode'< violunx.
This species comes nearest to L. ohi^cnruH Cress., and it may he
tlie male of that species, but this cannot l.-e de(initeiy settled until
the 9 is bred.
Liiiiiieria cplK'stria' n. s|).
%, 9 . — Leiifith (j luui. ; ovip. lianlly exserted. Hetul and thorax l)l:i("k, ('ovfrcd
with H wliite pubescence: niimdit)Ies and palpi pale; antenjiiP black, two basal
joints beneath ferruginous. Abdomen, except basal half of ]ietiole vvhicii i«!
black, and legs entirely ferruginous, the posterior tarsi alone being slightly dusky :
in the % the second abdominal segment, basally, is also black. Wings hyaline :
stigma and veins ))ale brown ; tegulse yellowish white, this color extending along
the costa basjiUy ; the discal areolet is of moderate size, petiolate, the second ner-
vure being about half again as long as the first.
Hah. — Missouri.
Described from two specimens, one % one 9 > labeled No. 289-^,
reared July 10, 1872, by Dr. Kiley, "from something feeding on wax,
perhaps Ephestria zece."
It closely resembles L. xvbnihidux Cress., but the 9 of that sj)e-
cies is unknown, and the S is described as having " the first, second,
except tip, and the extreme base of the third [abdominal] segments
black, a|)ex sometimes slightly obfuscated," which certainly does not
agree with the above S ; besides L. siihrubidas must be a larger
insect, it is described as being o] lines long.
Tribe X. Mesochorini.
lVIKSO< IIOKIS Grav.
]VIesocliorii»i aprilintis n. sp.
9.— I-iength 2i-;i mm.; ovip. very short. Pale honey-yellow, or yellowish
white ; vertex of head, dorsum of mesothorax and nietathorax red-brown, the
latter sometimes black ; stemmaticum and tips of mandibles black. Abdomen
black, with a large oval luteous spot occupying most of the ni)i)er surface of the
second and third .segments; a spot at base of posterior tibiae and the apex brown.
The antennte are 31-jointed, filiform, nearly the length of the insect; nietathorax
areolated : the longer sj)ur on posterior tibise is hardly hiilf the length of the
first tarsal joint. Wings hyaline; stigma and veins hyaline, the costs? alone
slightly luteous.
Hub. — Washington, D. C. ; N. J., N. Y., Ma.ss., Conn, and 111.
Described from five specimens labeled No. 227", reared April 12
to 18, 1881, from Apanteles idilix French, and other specimens from
the cocoons of other Apanteles. The species is closely allied to M.
scitulus Cress,
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE, 1896
196 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
Subfamily II. Tryphonin^.
Tribe I. Mesoleptini.
SPAXOC'TEt'SfUS Forster.
Spanocteciius <*aseyi sp. u.
%. — Length 4 mm. General color reddish yellow; stemmaticum, occiput,
lateral ridges of mesonotum, depression at base of scutellum, nietanotum, meta-
sternum and abdomen, except base of petiole and the third and fourth segments,
which are yellow, black ; two basal joints of anteunte. except spot above, the
face, the mandibles, palpi, presternum, anterior and middle coxte and trochanters,
and the hind ti-ochanters, white: tip of hind femora and most of their tibife,
except beneath, brownish or fuscous.
i/(T 6.— Norfolk, Va.
Degicribed from a single % specimen received from Captain Thos.
L. Casey, and in honor of whom tlie species is named.
SYi'IIXOLETER Forster.
Syclinoleler aiiiericaiiii«$ sp. n.
%. — Length 7.5 mm. Ferruginous, finely punctate; head black, sericeous, the
clypeus piceous ; mandibles pale rufous; antennie longer than the body, mostly
black ; joints 1-4 rufous, the flagellar joints 10-13 yellowish white. Wings
hyaline, the veins brown, the costa nearly black ; metathorax completely areo-
lated, the middle area hexagonal. Legs long, slender, the hind pair much the
longest, first joint of all tarsi longer than the following joints united. Abdomen
slender, longer than the head and thorax united, with a whitish spot at tip. the
petiole about as long as the second and third segments united, the spiracles situ-
ated at about two-thirds its length, the second segment a little longer than the
third, the fourth about four-fifths the length of the third, the fifth a little shorter
than the fourth, the following segments very short.
Hab. — Jacksonville, Fla.
Described from one S sp(!cimen.
l*EKIEI»iSi:S F5rster.
I'ei'ilJNNiiN N4>iifliwi<'kii sp. n.
'^ . — Length .")..■) mm. Head above, the thorax, except prosternum and lower
margin of collar, the jietiole, except at apex, and ajiex of abdomen, black ; face,
cheeks, mandibles, except teeth, antennaj, prosternum. lower margin of collar,
legs and middle of abdomen, ferruginous. Wings iiyaline, or with a slight tinge,
the stigma, except a pale spot at base, and veins dark brown, the costa towards
base and the tegulse ])ale yellowish. The head and thorax are finely punctate,
the head suhquadrate, the parapsidal furrows incompletely defined or wanting,
while the metathorax is conipletel.r areolated.
i/a6.— Central Park, N. Y.
Described from a single specimen collected by Mr. F. B. Soiith-
wick, and in honor of whom the species is named.
PARASITIC IIYMENOPTERA. 197
Perilissu^i paiiiscoitles sp. n.
9.— Length ?.') imii. Polished, inipiinctate, and of a iinifoiin pale honey-
yellow color, except the stemiuaticiim, the eyes and the teeth of the mandibles,
which are black; ocelli very large, pale, situated on a black spot; metathorax
smooth, cxareolated. Wings hyaline, the costal vein and stigma honey-yellow,
the internal veins dusky, the cubito-discoidal vein strongly curved, the areolet
subsessile.
The % differs in no particular from the 9- except in having a slightly smaller
head, and in having the abdomen faintly dusky at apox.
Hab.—Centviil Park, N. Y., and Canada.
Tril)e IT. Exenterim.
niAKORrK Fiirster.
Diaboriis iniiciiliv<>iitri!>» 8j>. n.
%. — Length 7 niiii. Black; anterior orbits, extending on to the cheeks, the
clypeus. the mandibles, except teeth and a spot at base, the palpi, the tegulaj, a
line in front on superior margin of collar, the venter and triangular spots on
apical middle of each dorsal abdominal segment, white or yellowish white. The
spots on dorsal abdominal segments gradually increase in size and become bands
towards the apex of abdomen. Legs, except coxa?, rufous, apex of anterior and
middle coxa; and their trochanters more or less honey-yellow, the first joint of
trochanters above, however, as well as the posterior trochanters are usually black ;
middle and hind tai'si and tips of hind femora fuscous. Wings hyaline, the veins
brown ; metathorax completely areolated. Abdomen longer than the head and
thorax united, the, first and second segments finely rugulose. opaque.
Hitb.—\Y\\\iG M()untain.s, N. H. (Prof. Albert Morse).
The species conies very close to Diaborus literaforii(s Linn., of
Euroi)e, and may he the American form of that si)ecies.
EXYSTOX Schiodte.
KxyNton abdoiiiiiialiN sp. n.?
% .—Length 5 mm. Head, thorax, antennfe, coxa;, except tips of anterior and
middle pairs, and first abdominal segment black ; lower half of face, clypeus,
mandibles, except teeth and a small spot at base, legs and the abdomen, except as
hereafter mentioned, rufous or ferruginous; the palpi, tips of scutellum. tegulae,
base of costal veins and trochanters, whitish ; base of second abdominal segment
and the fourth and sixth at base slightly dusky. There is an obscure spot on hind
trochanters above, a dusky annulus towards base of hind femora, while tlieir
apices and tai"si are subfuscous. The wings are hyaline, the veins brown.
Hab. — Beverly, Mass.
Described from one male s[)ecimen received from Prof Albert
Morse, labeled June 14, 18(58.
The species conies nearest to Exyston clavaim Cress., and mav be
confused in collections with that species.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE. 1896.
198 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
Tribe III. Ctenopebnlni.
PRIOIWOPODA Holmgren.
Priouupoda coloradensii!^ sp. n.
9 . — Length 5 mm. Black ; antennse beneath, face below insertion of antennse,
clypeus, lower part of cheeks, mandibles, palpi and legs, except hind coxse. ferru-
ginous ; tegulse, base of costa, subcostal vein and a spot at base of stigma whitish,
rest of stigma and nervures brown-black; ventral segments two, three and four,
except oblong black lateral marks, pale ; the extreme apex of petiole, apex of
dorsal segment two and dorsal segments three and four, except black marks
toward the sides, rufous.
Hah. — Fort Collins, Colorado.
Described from a single specimen received from Prof. C. P. Gil-
lette.
Prioiiopoda beginii sp. n.
9- — Length 7 mm. Black; scape beneath, mandibles, palpi, antennae and
middle coxae and trochanters and their tarsi, and the second joint of hind tro-
chanters, all tibial spurs, and the tegulse, whitish ; stigma and veins black. Legs
rufous, the hind coxse and first joint of trochanters black, their tibiai, except a
narrow white annulus at base, and their tarsi, except first joint towards base,
fuscous.
Hah. — Sherbrooke, Canada.
Described from one 9 specimen received from Abbe Begin, and
in honor of whom the species is named.
Prioiiopoda ruficornis sp. n.
'J, . — Length 9 mm. Black ; antennae, mandibles, except teeth, legs, including
all coxae, and the abdomen, except basal two-thirds of the petiole above, apex of
fourth segment and the fifth and following entirely, which are black, all rufous ;
tegulae and costae at base white; stigma, except spot at base, and all veins, brown.
JTa&.— Ithaca, N. Y.
Described from one 9 specimen.
CTEKOPEI.MA Holmgren.
Ctenopelma piilclira sp. n.
%. — Length 8 mm. Yellow ferruginous; spot enclosing ocelli and extending
forwards to base of antennae and al.so connected with a large spot on occiput, the
transverse depression on collar above, the mesonotum. except a cuneiform spot at
sides anteriorly and a geminate spot at the middle, the metathorax, except a spot
at the spiracles, a large W-sha])ed mark at apex, a band on hind coxa? above, the
abdomen above, except apical margins of the segments and the base of the stigma,
black ; base and apex of petiole and apical margins of segments white.
Hah. — Brookline, Mass.
Described from one % si)ecimen labeled Jnne 21, 1879, received
from ]\Ir. Pamnel Henshaw.
I
PARASITIC IIYMENOl'TERA. 191)
Tribe TV. Tryphonini.
C;RVI»0<'K\TRIIS Riithe.
GrypoceiitruM biiuaculatu^i s)i. n.
9 • — Length 9 mm. Black ; face with two angular white marks : clypeus, ex-
cept at the middle, mandibles, except teeth, tegulte, the hind angles of pronotum,
anterior trochanters and sutures of middle trochanters, most of the anterior and
middle tibia; and tarsi, and the hind tibiae, except at apex and the first joint of
their tarsi at base, white; rest of legs, except apex of hind femora, apex of hind
tibiai and their tarsi which are black or fuscous, rufous. The antennse above are
l)lack, the first two joints whitish beneath, the flagellum beneath ferruginous,
the first joint of which is nearly as long as the second and third united. The
head and thorax are finely minutely punctulate; metanotum finely rugulose,
exareolated, except a distinct petiolar area, which is divided into two divisions
by a delicate median carina, the spiracles are distinct, rounded. Wings hyaline,
tlie stigma brown, wiiitish at the junction with the prostigma, the internal veins
l)lack or i)iceous. the areolet complete, oblique, sessile. Abdomen long, finely
shagreened. the sutures from the third, or rather the extreme margins of the seg-
ments, viewed from behind, very narrowly whitish.
Hah. — Hanover, N. H.
Described from a single specimen received from Dr. Chirence M.
AVeed.
9IE^OL,EI|;S Holmgren.
9IeMoleiiis olyinpisc sji. n.
9- — Length .").,") mm. lilack ; lower ])art of face, the clypeus, cheeks, mandi-
))les, ])al]>i, scaj)e beneath, the tegula*, a line beneath and a broad line before, tips
of scutellums. j)ropectus. anterior and middle coxa?, and trochanters, the second
joint of hind trochanters, and iiind tibise, except apical one-third, white ; rest
of legs, except first joint of liind trochanters, the apical one-third of their tibise
and their tarsi, which are black, reddish yellow. Wings hyaline, the stigma and
veins black. Abdomen black, with the venter, except lateral spots on middle
segment white, the dorsal segments have a white spot on the ai)ical lateral angles,
while the apical margins of segments 3-8 are very narrowly white.
The % measures from 4.5-5 mm. in length and agrees well with tiie female,
except that the mesopectus is white.
Hdb. — Olynipiii, Wash.
Described fi"om several specimens bred by Mr. Ti'evor Kincaid,
June 20, 1893, from pupte of a willow saw-fly.
Tribe V. Exochini.
IKC'IIYR0C'.\K:VIIK Holmgren.
l!>>cliyrocneiiiis |>aoificiiN s]). u.
9. — Lfiigth J..")-5 nun. Black, shining: lie;i(l and thorax sparsely minutely
punctate; metathorax finely rugulose, completely areolated, the two lateral basal
areas smooth ; antenn.e and legs, excei)t the hind cox*, rufous. Abdomen, with
the venter and the dorsal sutures 2 and .3, ferruginous.
TR.\NS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE, 1896.
200 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
The % lias the face, clypeus, mandibles, lower part of cheeks and the anterior
and middle coxas and trochanters white, while the abdominal sutures 2-4 are
ferruginous.
Hab. — Santa Cruz Mountains, California.
Described from one S three 9 specimens.
COL,POTROC'HIA Holmgren.
Colpotrocliia? ciuctiveiitris sp. n.
9. — Length 11 mm. Black and shining, but distinctly punctate; face with a
rounded spot just above the clypeus; the clypeus, mandibles, except tips, palpi,
tegulse, line beneath, tubercle, anterior and middle tibise and tarsi, and the hind
tibifp, except a stripe beneath and the apex, white; rest of legs, except hind
femora, tips of their tibise and a stripe beneath and the hind tarsi, which are
black, reddish yellow ; the tibial spurs and a narrow annulus at base of first tarsal
joint are also white; metathorax closely punctate, indistinctly areolated behind,
but without areas above at base. Wings hyaline, the stigma, except a pale spot
at base, and the veins black, the areulet oblique, petiolate. Abdomen clavate,
much longer than the head and thorax united, shining black, although sparsely
microscopically i)unctate, with the ventral segments 2, 3 and 4 broadly banded.
Hab. — Proviiicetown, Mass.
Described from a single S si)ecimen received from Prof. Albert
P. Morse, taken June 29, 1891.
This species agrees fairly well with genuine specimens of this genus
obtained from Europe, except that there is a distinct areolet in ante-
rior wing. It is placed here only temporarily, however, as the dis-
tinct areolet will exclude it from this genu.s, and at present I can
find no other genus in whicli to place it.
€HORIX/ElJS Holmgren.
Chorinteus marlatti sp. n.
9 .—Length 4 mm. Black ; face, clypeus and a spot at base of the emargina-
tion of the eyes ferruginous; antenna' beneath brownish. Legs, including coxa;,
reddish yellow: the metathorax and the first abdominal segment have four lon-
gitudinal carina', while the second and the third abdominal segments each have
three longitudinal carina}, but those on the third are abbreviated and extend only
to two-thirds the length of the segment.
Hub. — Riley Comity, Kansas.
Described from a single specimen received some years ago from
Mr. C. I.. Marhitt.
Chorinsciis calilVfriiicus sp. n.
'J,.— Length 4.5 mm. Black; face, connected with a large spot in the emar-
gination of the eyes, the clypeus, and a spot on scape beneath, yellow; flagellum
dark brown. Legs, except hind coxte, which are black, brownish yellow ; the
metathorax and the first abd(mnnal segment have four longitudinal carina, as in
previous species, but the second abdominal segment has only one — a central one,
while the third has none at all.
Hub. — Hanta Cruz Mountains, ('alilbrnia.
Described from a single specimen.
To this genus uIm) belongs Exochus texuHiu^ Cr.
PA KASITK • II V .M ENtH'TERA. 2( > 1
TKI<:M«TI'S Forster.
To tliirf melius hcldiiu's I'J.r()c/iH'< pijijiiui'iix, Cr., E. hrniiiu'ijH'< Cr.,
E. apicalii Cr. and E. fn/rlpex (Jr.
Tri<-liNtii«« toriiiiiialiM s)i. n.
•J, . — Lcugtli G uiin. Bl-ick ; aiitciiiue hi'iieatli tVrruginous ; orbits intei-i'uiitccl
above, and face below antennse yellow. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins
black, tegulic and ba.se of costse whitish. Legs mostly black, the anterior legs,
except coxse, ferruginous, their femora above dusky: knees of middle and hind
legs, tips of middle tibite and tibial spurs white, their tarsi more or less fuscous.
Abdomen with the sixth and following segments red.
Hub. — Washington, D. C.
Described from a single specimen captured by myself". The spe-
cies comes nearest to Triclutus (Exochus) apicalis Cr., but is slightly
larger with different colored anteniue and legs.
TricliNtiiM tliorH<'iciiN sp. n.
9. — Length (> nun. Head black; mandibles and thorax red. Legs reddish
yellow. Abdomen rufo-piceous, darker tttwards apex above; tlagellum brown-
black.
Hal). — Dixie Landing, Va.
Described from one 9 specimen taken May 27, 1894, l)y Mr. C.
L..Marlatt.
EXOC'IirS (Jrav.
Exooliii!>» .'Kaiitli4>|>*«iN sp. n.
%. — Length (J mm. Ulack ; fac^e and orbits, the latter narrowly interrupted
above on the frons and broadly behind the upper part of eyes, yellow. The face
has a small dusky median spot ; the teguhe, a broad line before, a narrow line
below, a line on the anterior margin of the mesopleura and tips of scutellums,
yellowish white. Legs pale reddish yellow, the anterior coxie and trochanters
wliitish. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins black.
Hub. — Victoria, V. I.
Described from a single specimen taken by ^Ir. E. A. Scliuarz,
June 1, 1893. Comes nearest to E. evectus Cr.
AMESOI.YTIJS Forster.
Aiiiosolytii!« f'erriiKiiioiiN s]). n.
% 9. — Length (i 7 mm. Pale ferruginous: head, except occiimt and a spot
behind eyes, the mandibles, except teeth, the palpi, the scape beneath, the supe-
rior margin of pronotum, the tegnla;, the scutellums, anterior and middle legs
and hind tibise and tarsi, except a black annulus at base and apex of their tibia',
white. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown.
Uiib. — Texas.
Described from two S and one 9 specimens.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (2()) JUNE, 1896.
202 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
Tribe \"II. Orthocciifriiii.
n \ KS 1 1> .E us Forster.
ilIii«'!«i<liciiN HpicaliM sp. n.
9. — Leiijfth 3 mm. Polished black; middle of face, an ten nse beneath, logs,
except hind coxa;, and more or less of all femora and abdomen, brownish yellow :
hind coxai black, all femora more or less rufous: tcRulie and pali)i whitish ; an-
tenuHj above brown, fii-st joint of flagellum small, wider than long; metathorax
i'lutaceously sculi>tured, but without areas, the lateral longitudinal carinse alone
l>rcsent, but delicate. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brownish yellow, the
areoU't present, pentagonal. Alxlomen one and a half times as long as the head
and thorax united, sulicompressed from the third segment, smooth and polished,
except the first segment and the extreme base of the second, which are finely
aciculated ; the ventral segments 1 4, except some dark blotclies laterally, a small
spot at the basal outer angle of the second dorsal segment and the three apical
segments are entirely yellow ; the ovipositor projects slightly beyond the tip ; the
first segment is nearly as long as second and thii'd united, the second a little
longer than the third, the latter being wider than long, the following segments
gradually shortening.
Hub. — Washington, D. C.
Described from one 9 specimen taken by iny.self.
BKi:i>IIO€TOi\lIS Forster.
ltr<'|>lio('toiiiiM flavosuw sp. n.
'J,. — Length 2 3 mm. Yellow; stemmaticum, connected with a blotch on oc-
ciput, the sutures surrounding the scutellums. disc of metanotum, the dorsum of
first, l)asal two-thirds of second, and the fifth and following a1)doniinal segments
blackish ; antenna; above and towards tii)s brown, the first joint of fiagellum
sliglitly the longest, a little more .ban four times as long as thick ; metathorax
areolated, the petiolar or apical area divided into two by a median carina. Wings
hyaline, the stigma and veins light brown, the areolet wanting, the third discoidal
cell twice as long as the second. Abdomen one-half longer than the head and
thorax united, with the first and second segments, except the extreme apical
margin of the latter, finely aciculated, the other segments smooth ; the second
segment is about two-thirds as long as the first, or a little longer than wide, the
third is about as long as wide, while the following are subei|ual, about half as
long as the second.
Hnh. — Jacksonville, Fla.
T)es(^ribe(l from one % specimen.
ItroplioofoiiiiM (•iiliroi*iii4'ii?<> >]>. n.
'^ . — Length 2 mm. Hlack : face below antenna', mandibles, palpi, .scape, pedi-
cel, and more or less of the first flagellar joint, tegiilR;, anterior and middle coxa'
and trochanters, hind trochanters and the venter white: rest of legs brownish
yellow, the hind tibia; towards tips outwardly and their tar.si outwardly more or
less obfuscated ; the antenna^ are •23-jointed, cylindrical, a little longer than the
body, the first flagellar joint very little longer than the second, about four times
as long as thick, the following inipirci'iitibly and gradually shortening. Wings
PARASITIC lIYMKNorTKUA. 203
hyaline, the stigma and veins pale; the third discoidal cell is not quite twice as
long as the second ; the metathorax as well as the sculpture of the first and second
ahdojiiinal segments is as in previous species.
Hah. — Mountain View, Cal.
Described from one % specimen received from Mr. Ehrhorn.
IIYPOI.KPTIJS Forstcr.
Ilypoleptuiii ooliimbiaiiuw sp. n.
^ .— Length 2 mm. Black: palpi, legs, first and second abdominal segments
at base and the venter pale yellowish ; antennse 18-jointed, nearly as long as the
body, hrown : the first joint of the flagellum is a little shorter than the second;
metanotum exareolated without carinas. Wiugs hyaline, ciliate, the stigma and
veins brownish yellow, the areolet wanting. Abdomen, except the first segment,
which is aciculated, smooth and polished.
Hah. — District of Columbia.
I¥EIIRATKI,11S Ratzeburg.
]Weiirat<>Iiis aniericaiiiiM sp. n.
9. — Length 2..") 15 mm. Polished black; legs and venter brow'nish yellow, a
blotch above on hind coxte. hind femora and tips of their tibise more or less dusky ;
anteniue 21-jointed, the terminal joints quadrate, the basal joints of tiagellum
elongate; metathonux exareolated, alutaceous, with traces of the lateral carina;
posteriorly, the apical tnmsverse carina alone distinct. Wiugs hyaline, the stigma
and veins light Ijrown. Abdomen with the first segment and the second at base
shagreened, or finely granulated, the sutures 1, 2 and 3 being pale.
Hah. — Fredericktown, Md.
Neuraloliix ulniicola sp. n.
9- — Length 2.5-3 mm. Polished black; face, anterior orbits, lower ])art of
cheeks, dypeus, mandibles, pronotum, except a dusky streak al)ove. mesopleura,
legs and sometimes a spot at anterior lateral angles of mesonotum reddish yellow,
the face and scape benejith more decidedly yellow; the palpi, tegulse and venter
white. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet wanting, the
third discoidal cell fully twice as long as the second ; metanotum exareolated, but
with traces of the lateral longitudinal carina' posteriorly ; antennse 23-jointed,
dusky or brownish, except at basal ojie-third. which is yellowish. Abdomen
compres.sed from the middle of third segment, perfectly smooth and shining,
except segments one and two, which are shagreened.
Hah. — Columbus, Ohio.
Described from one 9 receive<l from Prof. F. ^f. Webster, and
bred by him from a leaf-miner on elm, probabl}' Lithocolletui alnwlht,
Chambers.
iV<'iiratelu!>i liriodeiidri sp. n.
9- — Length 2.1 mm. Polished black; face brownish, tegulse and palpi white;
antennfe toward base and legs, yellow; the antennse are 22-j()inted ; metathorax
smooth, polished, exareolated. Witigs hyaline, the stigma and veins i)ale brown.
Abdomen with a yellow blotch at ba.se of third segment, the first segment and
basal two-thirds of second aciculated.
TRAN.S. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE. 1896.
204 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
In the % tlie body is mostly yellow, with the stemmaticutii. a spot on occiput,
sutures surrounding scutellum, metanotuni above, the dorsum of first abdominal
segment, the second, except at apex, and the fifth and following segments black
0/ dusky.
Hab. — District of Columbia.
Described from several specimens taken together on the bark of
tulip poplar, and evidently infesting some Tineid larva secreted in
the crevices of the bark.
TAPIXOPS Forster.
To this genus belongs Oiihocentrus californicu.i Ashm.
ATMETUS Forster.
Atnietiis uigritus sp. n.
9 . — Length 2 mm. Polished black : ridge of face, upon which the autennse
are inserted, superiorly margined with yellow ; palpi, except the last three joints
of the maxillary palpi, which are dusky, the mandibles, except tips, and the
tegulse white. Legs brown or fuscous, the coxse, tips of femora and tibige, honey-
yellow, the hind coxae black, or piceous-black : antenna; 23-)ointed, brown-black
above, beneath yellow, the first flagellar joint transverse, shorter than the second,
the joints after the fourth, except the ovate terminal joint, all wider thau long ;
nietathorax areolated. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins pale yellowish, the
areolet small, but complete, the second recurrent nervure being interstitial with
the outer nervure of the areolet. Abdomen, except the first segment, which is
longitudinally aciculated, smooth and polished, the second seginent having at
basal lateral angles a small yellowish spot separated from the rest of the surface
by a delicate grooved line.
Hab. — Columbus, Ohio.
Described from a single s[)ecimen received some years ago from
Dr. Clarence M. Weed.
Atinetiis tetra/.oiialus sp. n.
9 . — Length 4 mm. Polished black ; supei'ior margin of facia! j)roniinence.
scape beneath and legs, except hind coxae, hrownish yellow; paljji and tegulae
whitish : apical margin of first, second, third and fourth abdominal segments red-
dish yellow; venter yellowish white; antenna; 27-joiuted, tapering toward tips
brown, the flagellar joints, ext^ept those near the tips, wider than long, the first
a little shorter than the second, the second a little shorter than the third ; meta-
notuni areolated. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the areolet large,
pentagonal, the second recurrent nervure joining it a little be.yond its middle,
the subinedian cell longer than the median. Abdominal segments 1 and 2 and
base of 3. shagreened, the first with a longitudinal depression at the middle.
ifai.— West Clitf, Colo.
Described from one 9 specimen received some years ago from
iMr. T. I). A. Cockerell.
AtiiietiiN califoriiKMis s]). n.
9- — Lcuifth •") () null. Head except vertex, a spot at bottom of the frontal
excavalidu and tln' occi]iut, the antenna'. excei>t aliove. tlie thorax. exce])t tliri'i'
PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA. 205
bands on nicsonotuni, the scutelluin, upper part of niesoplcura and nietatliorax,
wliicli are black), the legs, apical margins of the first, the second and the third
abdominal segments and venter, all reddish yellow; pali)i and tegiihe white; the
antennse are 28-jointed, the flagellar joints short, transverse ; metathorax areo-
lated, the surface of areas above finely transversely aciculated. Wings hyaline,
the stigma and veins brown, the areolet very large, pentagonal, the second recur-
rent norvure joining it beyond the middle. Abdomen sculptured as in ])revious
species, the first segment with two tolerably well defined carinai.
Hdh. — Santa Cruz Mountains, California.
Described from .several specimens.
Subiamily Ichxeumonin^.
Tribe I. Trogini.
Tribe II. Ichneumonini.
lilMKKODKK Wesmael.
To this genus belongs IcJuieumon perluctuosus Prov.
Tribe V. Phteogeniiii.
OROIVOTIIS Wesmael.
Oronotiis ulboiiiaciilatiis s]). n.
% .— lAMigth ()..") mill. Black, punctate and sericeous; anterior orbits below the
insertion of antenuie. dypeus lower j)art of cheeks, mandibles, palpi, spot on
dorsum of collar, teguke, tubercle beneath, scutellum, anterior trochanters, ex-
treme apex of first joint of liind tarsi, joints 2, 3, 4 and base of joint 5, and a
spot on terminal segment of abdomen, wliite. Legs pale brownish yellow. Ab-
domen with the first four joints ferruginous, the rest black; antennai brown-
black, sericeous, nearly as long as the body. The form is long, slender; head
subiiuadrate. the eyes large, the pleura and metathorax rugulose. the latter much
as in Linneria, jiroduced at apex beyond insertion of hind coxie. with two trans-
verse carina;, the spiracles small, oval ; middle and hind coxaj somewhat widely
se])arated. Abdomen one and a half times as long as the thorax, slender, the
lietiole smooth, a little shorter than the second segment, the following segments
minutely shagreened, pubescent; clypeus large.
Hnb. — Texas.
Type ( S ) in National Aruseuni.
l*II.I<:0<>iE:¥ES Wesmael.
I'liieogciic!!) wulMliiie sp. n.
% 9- — Length ."i.C mm.; ovip. but slightly exserted. Brownish yellow; the 9
with a black streak on mesothorax and scutellum and the three terminal segments
of abdomen black ; the % is without the black streak on the mesothorax and
scutellum. and only the two terminal abdominal segments are black. The head
is large, subquadrate, with a transverse carina or ridge just above the base of the
antennaj and two warty round dots below the ridge, one on each side near the
TRAN.S. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. .JUNK. 1H96.
206 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
eye; in the % the ridge is wanting, antennje 20-jointefl, thickened at tips; par-
apsidal grooves distinct anteriorly ; nietathorax areolated. Abdomen long, some-
what linear, about one-third longer than the head and thorax together, subcom-
pressed at tip, minutely shagreened but shining; the petiole is long, slightly
widened posteriorly, the spiracles rather prominent, situated on the dilated aj)ical
portion, the second segment is about as long as the petiole, the third one-third
shorter than the second, the following segments being subequal ; at the base of
the sheaths of the ovipositor are two prominent hairy styles. Wings hyaline,
the stigma and veins brown, the fomier with a pale spot at base.
Hab. — Fairburg, III.
De.scribed from one % , one 9 , received from Mr. A. Mundt, and
bred by him from Walshia amorphella Clem.
This species agrees somewhat with Cresson's description of Plueo-
genes vincibilis, but there is no white annidus on the antennje, and
if that species has the transverse ridge on the frons, a very distinct
character, it has not been noticed by Mr. Cresson.
Subfamily V. Cryptin^.
Tribe I. Stilpnini.
EXOL.YTIJS Holmgren.
Exolytus ithacte sp. n.
9 . — Length 12 mm. Head and thorax black ; scape beneath, legs, including
coxae and abdomen, rufous; mandibles rufo-piceous; palpi yellowish. Wings
hyaline, the stigma and veins piceous-black, the outer nervure of areolet pellucid.
Head subquadrate, the frons feebly wrinkled, the face and clypeus rather sparsely
punctate ; mesonotum sparsely minutely punctnte, the mesopleura smooth, im-
punctate, except the surface near the insertion of middle coxse; metathorax
sloi)ing obliquely from its base, shining, but distinctly wrinkled, more coarsely so
posteriorly, the median and petiolar areas confluent, the lateral areas complete.
Abdoriien long and slender, the body alone, without the petiole, much longer
than the head and thorax combined, the petiole very long and sleuder, only
slightly broadened at tip, as long as the hind femora and trochanters united.
Hab— Ithiicii, N. Y.
Described from a single 9 specimen received from Prof. Alliert
Morse.
SEL.EUCIJS Holmgren.
Seleucus gillettei sp. n.
•J, . — Length 7.5 mm. Polished black; mandibles and legs, except hind coxie
and the first joint of their trochanters, rufous. Wings subhyaline, the stigma
and veins black. Abdomen strongly compressed, lanceolate, as viewed from the
side.
Hab.— Fort Collins, Colo.
Described from one % , received from Prof. C. P. Gillette.
PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA. 207
KeleiiciiM riifiventris sp. n.
9. — Leiifitli W iimi. Head and thorax, except scutelhni), black ; anteiniic with
the flaj;elhiin brownish l)eneatli, especially towards base. Legs and abdomen
rufous, the latter more or less black above towards apex. Wings subfuliginous,
the stigma and veins black.
Hub. — Agricultural College, Mit'higau.
Described from oue 9 .^^pecinien received from Prof. Davis.
Tribe II. Phygadeuonini,
PHYGADEUON.
I'liygadeuon phrygaiiidite sp. n.
9. — Length .5 mm.; ovip. l.S mm. Head and thorax black, subopaque and
minutely shagreened. Legs and abdomen rufous; antennai "i.^-joiuted, brown,
the first two joints of the flagellum of about an equal length, more than four
times longer than thick, the following joints to the thirteenth gradually sub-
eijual, beyond this joint they are short, only a little longer than wide; metatho-
rax areolated ; petiole of abdomen longitudinally aciculated, the second segment
shagreened. the sculpture of the tliird being much finer, the segments beyond
smooth and polished. Wings subhyaline. being slightly dusky , stigma and veins
brown, the .stigma with a small pale spot at base, the cubital nervure broken at
about the middle by a stump of a vein.
Hdb. — Alameda, Cal.
Described from two specimens labeled No. 60c, reared by Mr.
Albert Koebele, from P/ty</a)iidia calif ornica Packard.
APSILOPS Forster.
ApKilopM hirtirroiiM Ashm.
9 ■ — Length 6.4 mm. ; ovip. 2 mm. Head, antennse and the thorax, excejit the
white scutellum, entirely black. Legs, including coxie, red ; all trochanters and
the apex of posterior femora and tibise and tar.si, black. Abdomen wholly dark
blue, except a white spot above on the la.st segment, highly jKilished ; the an-
tennse are 2.'J-jointed, the second joint of flagellum longer than the first, the
third and fourth joints being about equal ; the head and thorax above are shin-
ing, although densely microscoi)ically punctulate. the pleura and metathorax
rugose, areolated, sparsely covered with a short white pile, denser at base and on
the sides ; .sj)ii-acles round, the lateral angles subacute, short. Wings hyaline,
but having a dusky appearance from the dark pubescence; stigma and veins
piceous.
Hab. — District of Columbia; Columbus, O. ; and Champaign, 111.
Described from many specimens. A single specimen was bred
March 2H, 18HS, at Dei)artment of Agriculture from a Pyralid living
in a water lilly. This is the insect mentioned by Mr. Hart as prob-
ably being parasitic on Hydrocampa obliteralvi.
I find I have already described it from a single male S[)ecimen
under the name CryjAm hirtij'ro)i><, Proc. U. S. Nat. Museum, 1888,
p. 411.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE, 1896
208 WILLIAM H. A8HMEAD.
Tribe III. Hemiielhd.
ALiI^OC'OTA Forster.
Allocota coiifoderatse sp. n.
5 . — Leujrtli 4 uim. Browuisb yellovv' ; tips of niandibles black ; tips of poste-
rior tibiiB and the terminal abdominal segments fuscons ; the entire insect is
shagreened ; the parapsidal furrows are obliterated posteriorly ; the scutellum is
convex, polished, with a deep transverse groove at base and carinated laterally ;
the metathorax is armed with two spines, areolated above and with two parallel
carinse on the posterior face. Abdomen long-ovate, the petiole widened beyond
its basal half, the spiracles small, round, and situated beyond the middle.
Wings hyaline, with a transverse dusky band below the basal nervure and a wider
band across from the stigma, the apex of the wings hyaline; the hind wings are
hyaline, except a rather wide subapical baud.
Hab.—^t. Louis, Mo.
Described from one specimen, bred l)y Dr. C. V. Riley, St. Louis,
Mo., froni Psyehe coafederata, Aug. 24, 1872.
AE.\OI»L,KX Forster.
Aeuoplex betulserola sp. n.
9. — Length 4. .5-7 mm. ; ovi]). 2-3 mm. Black, shining, minutely shagreened
and spai-sely pubescent ; palpi white ; the face covered with a rather dense white
pubescence; the abdominal segments at apex, after the first, all narrowly edged
with white; antennae 24-ioiuted, brown, the incisions of joints pale; the parap-
sidal grooves are absent, although iudicated by slight depressions on the surface
of the mesothorax. Legs pale rufous, the posterior tibise Hud tarsi dark brown ;
metathorax areolated. Abdomen longer than the head and thorax together, the
venter yellowish white, with a strongly compressed fold or keel. Wings hyaline,
iridescent, the stigma and veins dark brown, the femora with a j)ale spot at base.
i7«7).— Washington, D. C.
Described from several specimens, varying much in size, labeled
No. 2782^, reared from Acronycta betulce ; no date of rearing is given.
A€ROL,YTA Forster.
Acrolyta ine»i>ochori s]>. n.
9.— Length 3 mm. ; ovip. 0.4 nun. IJhick, shining; the abdominal segments
at apex narrowly edged with red ; antennse 22-jointed, yellowish ba.sally, the
apical two-thirds dark brown or black, and thicker than at base; the first three
joints of flagellum are of about an equal length, cylindrical and about four times
as long as thick. The head and thorax are minutely shagreened, the metathorax
areolated ; the abdomen is a little longer than the head and thorax together, th(?
petiole and second and third segments, except apically, are longitudinally acicu-
lated, the other segments smooth, j)olished. Legs, including coxse, honey-yellow,
the anterior and niiddl(! coxje somewhat whitish. Wings hyaline, iridescent, the
stigma and veins brown ; tegulai white.
Hub. — Washingtim, D. C.
Described from one specimen labeled No. 4]9(y^, reared Aug. 3,
1 887, from Apanteles congregatus Say.
PAHASITIC llY.MKNOl'TKKA. 209
A<*rol.yta al<'iiii' sp. n.
% 9. — Length 3 mm.; ovip. O.t mm. Uluck, minutely slmtrirfncd : tnijilii
pale : anteniiiP and lejis, incUuliiij; coxie, Imney-yellow. the antonnie l)einf; slightly
dusky toward tips ; the jiosteiior face of hind tioise has a spot at base, while their
tips are fuscous. The two basal joints of the tlagelluin are about four limes a.s
long as thick, in the male cylindrical and of a uniform thickness throughout ; in
the female the antenna^ are slightly and gradually thickened toward tips, the two
basal joints of the llagelluni being about five times as long as thick. The abdo-
men is longer than the head and thorax united, the petiole widened posteriorly,
longitudinally aciculated, the second atid third segments more or less shagreened,
the following segments smooth and iiolishcd. Wings hyaline, iridescent, the
stigma and veins brown.
Hub. -Hi. Louis, Mo.; Selina, Ala.
Described from two specimens reared by Mr. E. A. Schwarz, in
Alabama, from Apaiiteles aletice Riley.
Another form included is nuich larger, measuring 4.5 mm. in
length, but I can find no structural ditlei-ences. It was bred from a
secondary parasite on Acroiiycta, at !St. Louis, by Dr. Riley.
Acrolyla eiiiprelije sp. n.
9 • — Length •2..") mm. ; ovij). 0.4 mm. Black ; head smooth, polished ; mesonotuni
t)pa(iue, microscopically shagreened, the collar and pleura smooth, shining: meta-
thorax shagreened, areolated : teguhe yellow. Legs and abdomen reddish yellow,
the abdominal petiole piceous-black, the three apical segments dusky ; the petiole
a!id the second segment are finely longitudinally aciculated; the antennae are'
2*2-jointed, slightly and gradually thickened toward tij)s, brown, the two basjil joints
yellow, the three basal joints of fiagellum are long, and of nearly an equal length.
Wings hyaline, iridescent; stigma and veins pale brown, the discal areolet pent-
agonal in position, the outer nervure wanting, cubital nervure broken consider-
ably before the middle, the second recurrent nervure about half again as long as
the first.
Hdl). — Washington, D. C.
Described from two specimens labeled No. 295'^, reared May 14,
1883, from Einpret'ue dimulea.
This pretty little species very closely resembles certain forms in
the genus Memchorm, and might easily be mistaken for one.
<>TACI.ISTES Forster.
OtHCustO!^ orgyiie sp. n.
9. — Length .'5 mm. ; ovip. O.fJ mm. Head and thontx brownish black : occiput,
face, blotch on clieeks. parapsidal lines, collar and blotch on pleura, brown ; nieta-
thorax black. The whole surface is shagreened ; antennse "iO-jointed, pale brown,
the basiil joints of the antennae very long; metathorax areolated, unarmed.
Wings hyaline, with two transverse dusky bands, the first narrow, extending
across the basal nervure, the latter being in the centre of the band, the second
band wide, including the stigma and marginal cell ; there is, however, a small
clear space beneath the apex of the stigma : hind wings hyaline.
Hub. — St. Louis, Mo.
Described from two 9 specitnens bred from Onjijid leucodu/ma.
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (27) JUNE, 1896.
210 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
Otacustes periliti sp. n.
9 • — Length 5 mm. ; ovip. 0.6 mm. Head, thorax, legs and the abdomen to
the base of the third segment, reddish brown ; there are blackish streaks on the
mesonotum near the base of anterior wings and another small one on the disc;
the disc of the raetathorax and the terminal abdominal segments are black. The
insect presents a minutely shagreened sculpture ; the antennae are 22-jointed. pale
brown, the basal joints of the flagellum elongated ; the metathorax is areolated,
the face of the truncatnre more oblique than usual. The abdomen is as long as
the head and thorax together, its apex compressed, the ovipositor issuing from
beneath at the base of the compressed portion. Wings hyaline, with two trans-
verse dusky bands, the first about half the width of the second, enclo.sing the
basal nervure; the second includes the apical two-thirds of the stigma and the
entire radial cell, leaving the apex of the wings clear; the stigma has a yellow
si)ot at its base, and the radial cell has a small clear spot close to the stigma ; hind
wings hyaline.
^a6.— Washington, D. C.
Described from one specimen lMl)ele(l 2919, and the following ac-
count of the species is recorded in Department note book by Mr.
Pei'gande :
" Oct. 21st, 1882 ; noticed, to-day in company with Mr. Schwarz,
a species of Hemiteles in the act of ovipositing the cocoon of a
species of PerUltus, perhaps Perilitiis conmiunis Cress., and the same
evening again in the same act. Pinned and marked it No. 2919;
the cocoon is placed in a tube to breed.
"It takes several minutes before the fly succeeds in forcing its
ovipositor througli the tough case and before it reaches its victim ;
it moves the ovipositor slowly up and down, moving, during this
time, the abdomen from side to side, whilst the antennae are in con-
stant vibration."
HEMITKI.es Grav.
IIeinitcle»« laticiiictus sp. n.
'J,. — Length 3.5 mm. Hlack ; the abdomen, except the gastroccpli, the third
segment entirely, and the apical edges of the following segments which are ri'd,
is also black. The head is polished, the face covered with pale pubescence ; an-
tennae brown, the two basal joints yellow. Thorax finely shagreened ; meta-
thorax longer than high, rounded off behind, the iransverse ridges distinct, but
the areas of the ujjper surface wanting. Legs reddish yellow. Abdomen witli
the first, second and third segments aciculated. tJie following segments smooth.
Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown.
Hub. — New Haven, Conn.
Described from one specimen labeKnl "parasite on LcKcaida uiil-
punctata, June, 1880."
IIoiiiilolOM ciir.rpl.yoliisr sj). n.
9. — Li'ngth 1..") nun.; ovip. O.S mm. Robust, the head and lliorax l)lack, sub-
opaque, shagreened. Legs reddish yellow; collar and mesopleura red. Abdomen
PARASITIC IIYMKNOl'TKliA. 211
red, except a suhapical black streak on the third sesjiiieiit, and the followinji sejr-
luents wliich are black, excejit the narrow apical edges; anteniise 'io-joiiited.
basally yellow, tlie apical two-thirds dark brown : nietathorax abruptly truncated
posteriorly, areolated. Wings hyaline, iridescent, stigma and veins brown, the
former with a large jtale spot at Itase ; teguUe yellowish white.
Hub. — St. Louis, jN[o.
Described from a single specimen labeled No. 414-^"', reared July
8, 1881, from Eiu'i/pfijc/nd sa/if/neaHU Clem.
Tril)e IV. Pezomach'iuL
C'KI<L^Ii\ODKS Forster.
C'reiiiiioflc!< jilitMkeiiNiM sp. n.
J. — Length about (i mm. Uniformly rufous, smooth, j)olished ; collar at sides
slightly wrinkled ; mesopleura striated ; metathoracic carina strong, elevated into
acute teeth at sides. Head subtiuadrate. the face prominently convexly swollen,
punctate: maxillary pali)i long, 4-,jointed ; antennae 18-jointed, gradually incras-
sated toward tips, the tips dusky. Abdomen pear-shaped, subcompressed. polished,
the petiole very long, slender throughout, and nearly as long as the hind femora,
longitudinally striated, the spiracles prominent, situated a little behind the mid-
dle, the second segment very large, occupying most of the surface, the following
segments short, subequal ; ovipositor very short, less than one-third the length
of the petiole. Legs long, rather slender, the hind pair much the longest, coxae
punctate.
Hab. — Fort Wrangle, Alaska.
Ty[)es in N:itii)nal ^Fuseum (H. F. AVickham, collector).
4'reiniio<le!< tiiberviilatiis sp. n.
9 . — Length less than 5 mm. Pale ferruginous, but in other particulars, except
as follows, agrees with C. alasketisis : The prominent convex face is transversely
wrinkled ; palpi whitish ; posterior lateral margins of mesothorax tuberculate ;
nietathoracic spines shorter, only slightly developed, the po.sterior face wrinkled,
while the slender petiole of abdomen is jierfectly smooth, except a slight median
longitudinal line.
Hab. — Santa Cruz Mountains, California.
TIIKKOSC'OFUS Forster.
TheroNCopiis ain«ricaiiii!!> Ashm.. n. sp.
■J, . — ]..engtb 2.1 mm. Ferruginous, subopatjue, minutely shagreened ; vertex,
pleura, sutures around scutellum, jnetathorax, except disc at base, and disc of
petiole, fuscous or blackish. Abdomen black ; ])etiole, except as before mentioned
and the extreme apex which is yellowish, ferruginous ; apex of second segment
yellowish. Legs and antennre honey-yellow. Head broad, subquadrate; ai;-
tennse as long as the body, 19-jointed (V). Thorax elongate, narrowed, the scutel-
lum minute, but distinct; wing pads very small, whitish, scale-like; nietathorax
about two-thirds as long as the mesothorax with the collar, rounded behind,
hut with a transvei-se carina above : al)domen oblong-ovate, much broader than
thorax, the petiole very gradually dilated towards ape.\.
Hub. — Arlington, Va.
Reared April 10, 1885, from a Biicculatrix cocoon found under
stone.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE, 1896.
212 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
Tribe V. Cryptini.
C'RYPTIJS Fahr.
Cryi>lus(?) «'arpocapK$e sp. n.
9 . — Length 8 mm. ; ovip. 3 ram. Head and thorax black. Legs and abdomen
brownish yellow ; face and broad orbital lines yellow ; antennfe black, joints 6-12
white above , collar above, tegulte and tubercles, a broad band on mesopleura ex-
tending from tubercles to base of middle coxte and connected at the base of the
middle coxse with another band extending to the base of the hind wing ; lines
along the parapsides abbreviated before and behind, the scutellura and wide
bands on the lateral edges of metathorax, all yellow or yellowish white. The
head and thorax are minutely punctulate, the collar and pleura with some raised
lines and wrinkles ; metathorax rugose, a transverse carina on upper surface, and
the posterior lateral angles produced into prominent subacute spines. Wings
subhyaline, veins piceous, the stigma, except the costal edge, pale brown.
Hab. — Mexico.
Described from one poor specimen lal)eled No. 4208*^', reared Aug.
29, 1887, from Mexican jumping beans, the seeds of a species of
Euphorbia inhabited by the hirvre of Carpocapm saltlhin-i.
Subfamily VI. Pimplin^.
Tribe II. Lwsonothii.
EL'SIMIIS Forster.
Eiisiinus aci*oba!«itlis sp. n.
'^ . — Length 5.4 nini. Head, except occip.tt and a black spot enclosing ocelli
and extending forward to base of antennje, wholly yellow. Thorax (except
dorsum of metathorax) and legs yellow: scutellum yellow, the post-scutellum
with a line of the same color; metapleura entirely yellow. Abdomen black, all
the segments margined at apex with yellow, and the fourth, tifth and sixth seg-
ments at sides are ferruginous, the venter yellow; the antenna? are brown, the
two basal joints black above, white beneath ; clypeus separated. Wings hyaline,
subiridescent; stigma and veins brown; discal areolet oblique, incomplete, the
outer nervure being abbreviated ; tlie submedian cell is a little longer than the
median, the basal nervure strongly curved inwardly, the cubital nervure bent
before the middle, while the second recurrent nervure is half again as long as
the first.
Hub. — Paxton, Ohio.
Described from a single speciimcn lubcicd No. 4")"-, reared July
21, 1885, from Acrobads iiulu/iiie/lu Zell, sent to the Department
by Mr. John W. Spencer.
ME^IKC'ITS Schimlte.
IVIoiiisciiN dsiUrninsc sp. n.
9. — Length <i nun.; ovii). I mm. Black: spot on face, clypeus, mandibles, a
spot between the mandibles and the eye, and the palpi, pale ferruginous or yel-
lowish : abbreviated orbital lines and a spot at summit of eyes, yellow: antennse
dark ferruginous, the two basal joints more or less black ; most of mesopleura
PARASITIC HYMKNOPTEKA. 213
and the collar at sides and beneath, niesothorax, scutellum, and a small streak on
the side of the nietathorax, red ; the inesotliorax is laterally margined with yel-
low, abbreviated before. Lejis yellowish red, posterior tarsi slightly dusky. Ab-
domen has all the segments after the first margined at apex with red. The tho-
rax, scutellum and metathorax are moderately densely jjunctulate, the latter
iiaving a transverse carina posteriorly. Wings hyaline, strongly iridescent;
stigma and veins brown, discal areolet comi)lete, obli()ue.
Hub. — Alainedu, Cal.
Described from one speciincti hiheled No. 3846 , received from
Mr. Albert Koebele, reared ^[:lr(•ll 1, 1880, from Ddkriuna feeding
on Lecaninm scale on rose.
Another specimen is labeled No. 420, and agrees with the above,
except the yellow oi'bital line, and the spot at summit of eye are
wanting.
Tril)e III. Phiij}/inL
ICTOPI.KCTIS Fiirstcr.
Ictoplectis orKyisc sp. n.
% 9- — Length 7 mm.; ovip. "2.5 mm. ; % (J mm. Black, shining; dypeus and
maxillary jtalpi piceous; labial palpi, anterior coxse and trochanters and tegulse,
white; antennse entirely black. Legs yellowish red, tips of middle tarsal joints
fuscous, posterior tibise black, with a white annulus at base and a wider one in
the middle, their tarsi fuscous or black; the basal half of first, base of second
and third joints, white. Thorax smooth, metathorax punctulate with two not
sharply defined raised lines extending from base of post-scutellum and becoming
obliterated posteriorly ; on each side of these lines is a large, smooth space with
some coarse separate punctures over the surface. Abdomen coarsely punctured,
some of the punctures confluent; the first segment has two abbreviated carinsp
dorsally at base, the second has oblitiue depressions at sides near the base, similar
to Glf/pta, but not apparent on the following segments; all the segments have a
more or less binodose apjiearance on account of a transverse depression more dis-
tinctly apparent laterally; the hollow venter is whitish with black spots; the
sheaths of the ovipositor black, hairy. Wings subhyaline; stigma and veins
jiiceo-black, a spot at base of stigma yellow; discal areolet obli()ue, with a bulla
at base and another on the outer nervure, the second recurrent nervure with two
bulhe. the cultital nervure broken just before its middle with a bulla behind the
break.
The % diffei's from the 9 i" having the whole face, the clypeus and both paire
of jialpi white; antennsE dark brown; the anterior as well as the middle legs
mostly white, the femora stained with yellowish red and the apex of tarsal joints
fuscous ; the posterior legs are as in the 9 • except all the tarsal joints are white
l)asally.
Hub. — Alameda, Cal.
Described from four S and 9 specimens bred July 4, 1887, l)v
AIluTt Koebele from Orj/f/la (/ii/o.m.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. X.\III. JUNK. I«9(i.
214 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
Family CHALCIDID^.
Subfamily Eucharin^:.
LOPHYROtERA Cameron.
% . — Length nearly 5 mm. Head black, coarsely striated ; antennfe 1'2-jointed.
filiform, tapering toward tips, the first fiagellar joint nearly twice as long as the
second, the following snhequal in length. Thorax entirely brownish yellow,
coarsely reticulated, the scutellum bidentate at apex, the teeth widely separated,
sides of mesothorax with broad, obtuse processes, but not very prominent, formed
by a median impression on the metanotum and by a lateral impression on the
metapleura. Legs and petiole greenish white. Abdomen light brown, but a little
darker than the thorax. Wings hyaline, with a slight brownish tinge, the mar-
ginal and stigmal veins brown.
Hab.— Key West. Fla.
Described from a single specimen, taken July 17, 1894, by Mr.
H. F. Wickham.
This interesting species comes nearest to L. jioridana Ashra., but
in that species the thorax is marked with black, the scutellar teeth
are also black and conjoined at base, while the metathoracic pro-
cesses are longer and more distinct.
Family BRACONID.E.
Subfamily Doryctin.e.
IIETEROSPIL,lJS Haliday.
Heterospiluiiii caryi(^ sp. n.
^ . — Length 4-4.5 mm. Opaque black ; basal two joints of antennse, more or
les.s of collar and legs, rufous; the coxse and femora more or less fuscous. Wings
hyaline, the veins brown. Head quadrate, transversely aciculated ; middle lol)e
of mesonotum and metanotum rugose, the latter areolated ; lateral lobes of meta-
notum and scutellum shagrecned. Abdomen oblong, a little longer than the head
and thorax united, with an ovipositor as long or a little longer than the body ;
the first and second segments are long, the latter with two oblique grooved lines,
both, however, are coar.sely longitudinally striated ; the second segment at apex
medially, the a])ical margin of the third and all the following segments are
.smooth and polished ; the third segment, except at apex, shagreened.
%. — Length 2.25-3 mm. Agrees with the 9' except the legs are fuscous, the
mesopleura below are streaked with rufous, the apical abdominal segments are
more or less shagreened basally, while the bind wings are stigmated.
Hab. — Morgan town, W. Va.
Described from two 9 'ind four % specimens bred by Prof. A. D.
Hopkins from a Coleopterous larva living in hickory.
HcterospiliiM te.YaiiiiH sp. n.
% . — Length 4 mm. Agrees with the former species, but is larger, the legs and
collar being black, the tibi» with a honey-yellow annulus at base, their tips ami
I'AKASITIC HYMENOPTERA. 215
tarsi tinged with the same color. Wings subhyaline, with the stigma and veins
black, or blackisli fuscous, while the second abdominal segment has a transverse
furrow a little beyond its middle, but is without the two oblique furrows.
Hdh. — Cvprus Mills, Texa.s.
Described from a single specimen.
lIoffTONpiliiM ? HMti^ina sp. n.
%. — Length 1.1 luiu. .Vgrees very closely with //. texanxs, but the head is
shagreeiied. not transversely aciculated ; the nietathorax exareolated ; the hind
wings without the thickened stigma; the second abdominal segment has two
obliiiue furrows connected at about the middle with a curved transverse line,
while all the segments, except the last two, which are smooth and highly jxdished,
are opacjue, loiigitu<linally striated, with only their extreme ajjices smooth and
shining.
Hab. — Morgantown, W. Va.
De.-iorihed from one S labeled No. 6089, received from Prof. A.
I). Hopkin.s.
Subfamily Hecabolin.e,
E€PHYL.US Forster.
KcpliyliiM pallidiis sp. n.
9 . — Length 2-3 mm. ; ovipositor fully one and a half times as long as the body.
Pale honey-yellow, or brownish yellow ; antennie towards tips and the sheaths
of ovi])ositor dusky. Legs pale yellowish or whitish; middle lobe of mesonotuni
posteriorly and metanotum wholly rugulose. Wings hyaline, the stigma, except a
white sj)ot at extreme base, and veins light brown. The first abdominal segment
is long, longitudinally aciculated, the rest of the abdomen smooth and ])olished,
the segments scarcely discernible on account of the fineness of the sutures and
the highly polished surface.
%. — ^Length L7o-2.5 mm. Ditters in no wise from the female, except in the
usual sexual differences, and in having, sometimes, the apex of the abdomen and
the hind tibise dusky.
Hab. — ^lorirantown, W. Va., and District of Columbia.
Described from one 9 '^ud one S bred from red-bud by |^rof. A.
I). Hopkins, and one 9 'U'd three Z bred from the same shrub l)y
Mr. P^'ank H. Chittenden.
Fc|>hylii!<» hypotlioiioini sp. n.
9. — Length 1..") mm.; ovipositor not quite as long as the abdomen. Hlack ;
palpi, jiedicel and an annulus at base of fii"st flagellar joint, the sutures of tro-
chanters, and all tarsi, except the last joint, honey-yellow. Wings hyaline, the
stigma and veins light brown. Head quadrate, polished; mesonotuni feebly
shagreened, the lobes posteriorly smooth and shining, the middle lobe with a lon-
gitudinal grooved line posteriorly; metanotum finely rugulose, with a middle
carina. Abdomen, except the fii"st segment, which is longitudinally striated,
smooth and iiighly polished.
TKWS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXUI. Jl^N'E. \f*Hti.
216 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
'J,.— Length 1.4 luiu. Black ; the aiitenntp toward base, the collar, the lower
part of mesopleura, a spot at base of second abdoiiiiual segment and the legs,
honey-yellow; sometimes the metathorax and two basal segments of abdomen
are also honey-yellow.
Hah. — Morgantown, AV. Va.
Described from one 9 and two % .specimens bred by Prof. A. D.
Hopkins, from Hypothetiemus sp. living in walnut.
Ecphyliis nigricei><« sp. n.
9. — Length 1..") mm. ; ovipositor half the length of abdomen. Brownish yel-
low, with the head black ; antennse, except the apical half, and the legs honey-
yellow. Head, mesonotum and scntellum smooth, shining; metanotum finely
shagreened. without a carina ; first abdominal segment striated.
Hab. — Morgantown, W. Va.
Described from one 9 specimen, received from Prof. A. D. Hop-
kins, labeled No. 5963.
Distinguished at once from the other species by the color, short-
ness of ovipositor and non-carinated metathorax.
Subfamily Euphorin^.
COSIfIOI»IIORlIS aitzeburg.
Cosuioplioriii»> hopkiiisii sp. u.
"J, .—Length 2 mm. Polished black; mandibles, except tips, rufo-piceous ;
palpi yellowish ; antennae, except apical half, which is dusky and legs, reddish
yellow. Head very large, quadrate, the cheeks subconvex, brown, the occiput
distinctly margined, the frons with a delicate central carina; the face below an-
tennae short, delicately wrinkled, although shining: eyes rather small, rounded,
convex ; ocelli small, close together in a triangle ; antennae 15-jointed. on a frontal
prominence, the prominence with a small horn-like process within, at the base
of each antenna; the .scape is short, stout, as wide as long; the pedicel also stout,
but twice as long as thick ; flagellum slender, the joints after the third, subequal ;
the first and second the longest, about equal. Thorax smooth, without parajjsidal
•furrows; scutellum foveate at base; mesopleura and metathorax rugulose, the
latter more or less piceous, the former with an imjjression across the disc. Wings
hyaline, iridescent, the large stigma and the apical part of the costa dark brown ;
first cubital and first discoidal cells confluent; the second discoidal cell entirely
wanting; radial cell closed, reachiTig nearly to the apex of the wing. Abdomen
ovate, petiolate, iwlished. except the petiole, which is twice as long as thick and
finely longitudinally striated.
Hub. — Morgantown, W. Va.
Described from several specimens, bred by Prof. A. D. Hopkins,
from Polygraphus rufipennis.
Since the above was drawn up the 9 has also been bred by Prof
Hopkins. It agrees well with the h , except the antenme are 17-
jointed, while the pro- and metathorax are rufo-piceous. It averages
2.5 mm. in lentfth.
PARASITIC IlY.MKNol'TKliA. 217
Subfamily Ai.ysiin,k.
:VII-:SO<'Ri:WA FSrster.
Iflesocrinal?) niicrorlio|>ala> sp. n.
%. — Length 1.6 mm. Head and tliorax i)olislie(l black; two basal Jdint.s of
antonna', niiiiidibles, legs and abdomen, excejit a blotch above on disc of second
segment and the third segment, except margins, brownish yellow ; antennae much
longer than the body, filiform, 21-jointed. Thorax with two very delicate, almost
impercei)til)le grooved lines, the scutelluni with a large, crenate furrow acro.ss the
base; meUithorax short, sparsely punctate, truncate behind, the superior edge of
truncature carinated. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins dark brown, the
former large, ovate, the recurrent nerviire interstitial, the second submarginal
cell about twice as long as the first. Abdomen oblong oval, conaposed of only
three segments, the second the longest, the first and third nearly etjual ; the firet
and second are finely, closely, rugosely punctate, the tliird smooth and highly
polished.
Hub. — Roslyii, Va.
Described from a single specimen bred by JNIr. F. H. Chittenden
from Microrhopala xerene Newm., and others taken with the sweeping
net.
Subfamily CiiALCiDiNiE.
KJVIACA Kirby.
Eniaca texana sp. n.
9- — Length 4..^ mm. Black, umbilicately punctate and clothed with sparse,
silvery white hairs, the thorax above with a slight aineous tinge; anterior and
middle legs and hind tarsi red. Wings hyaline, the veins piceous, the marginal
vein very long, slender, a little longer than the submarginal, the stigmal and
postmarginal veins not developed, the former being represented by a small sessile
knob. Head prolonged in front of the eyes with a deep median emargination,
the inner and outer margin of each lobe being carinated and connected at apex
with a carina, beneath which extends along the inner margin to the insertion of
the antennae; antennaj 13-jointed. black, in.ierted near the mouth, the scajie ob-
clavate, rufous; metanotum long, with several irregular raised lines, the lateral
margins from about the middle excised in conformity to the coxal ca,vities, the
apex slightly roundedly emarginated for the reception of the short, rugose and
carinated petiole. Abdomen subglobo.se, polished, except the second segment
above on the basal half; the .second segment occupies most of the surface, the
following segments being veiy short and more or less retracted within the large
second segment; anterior and middle femora clavate. the hind femora greatly
swolleii and armed beneath with many minute teeth.
Hab. — Texas.
Types in National Museum.
Described from two 9 specimens, one labeled " Texas, Belfrage,"
the other "College Station, Texas, Banks."
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (28) JUNE, 1896.
218 WILLI Aisr H. ASHMEAD.
Subfiunily Perilampin.e.
ELATHS Walker.
Klatus iiiisyinbrii sp. n.
% . — Lengtli 2.2 nun. Hesul and thorax bright cnjireous. Abdomen teneous-
black ; scape and legs metallic, the knees, anterior tibije, tips of middle and pos-
terior tibiae and all tarsi, except last joint, brownish yellow; flagellum filiform,
brown-black, pubescent, the joints transverse. The head and thorax are nearly
smooth, impunctate, but with a very delicate, transverse striation ; scapulae poste-
riorly and the axillae smooth, the metathorax and petiole shagreened or minutely
shagreened with a delicate median carina. The petiole is two and a half times
as long as thick, the body of abdomen triangulated as in Perilampm. and appar-
ently composed of only two segments, the third being hardly visible, the others
retracted. Wings hyaline, the veins yellowish or brownish yellow, the stigmal
and postmarginal veins very short, scarcely one-fifth the length of the marginal.
Hub. — Las Cruces, New Mex.
Described from one % specimen taken by Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell
and confused with several specimens of a genuine Perilampus.
This is a most interesting addition to our fauna, and an examina-
tion.of this genus shows that the PeriUimpinje have strong affinities
with the Miscogasterinie.
Subfamily p]rRYTOMiNvE.
ELTRYTO.nA Illiger.
Eiirytoiiia tylodoritisttif^ sp. n.
9. — Length 3..")-4 mm. Black, clothed with sparse, whitish hairs; anterior
femora beneath and at tips and their tibiae, knees of middle and hind legs and
tips of their tibiae, and all tarsi, honey-yellow; funicle fi-jointed, the fii-st joint
the longest about two and a half times as long as thick, or more than twice as
long as the pedicel, the second and following joints suboqual, twice as long as
thick. Wings hyaline, the veins light brown, the marginal vein not quite twice
as long as the stigmal with its knob, the postmarginal a little longer than the
stigmal. Abdomen conic-ovate, compressed, a little longer than the head and
thorax united smooth and highly polished, except as mentioned below ; the petiole
is very short, rugose, the second segment is as long as the third and fourth united,
the third and fourth being sul)equal. the fifth is the longest .segment, and while
dorsally it is only a little longer than the second, yet ventrally it is much longer,
the sixtli is a little shorter than the ti)ird, or about half the length of the seventh ;
the fifth segment is closely, microscopically punctate at sides and beneath, while
the segments 7 and 8 are finely sliagreened, subopaciue. and sparsely beset with
whitish hairs.
% . Length '.i mm. Agrees with the 9 , except in the usual sexual ditferences :
The rtagellum is about five times as long as the scape, the latter dilated beneath,
and not longer than the pedicel and first funicular joint united ; funicle 5-jointed,
each jo.nt deeply excised and pedicellate at apex, the joints very gradually de-
creasing in thickness from base, the dilated portion of each joint from two and
a half to three times as long as thick, with double whorls of long white hairs, the
pedicellate iKirtion of the joints increasing successively in length, the first joint
PAKASITIC IIY.MI.Nol'TlCKA. 219
ImvinEr the shortest jiedicel ; diih •J-jointed : uxilhe iiieetinfr at base of seutelluni,
luterally tovrards base of wing siiiootli ami shiniiifr with some fine aciculiitioiis ;
petiole stout, shagreened, a little thicker at base than at apex, about three times
as long as thick ; body of abdomen subglohose, Jiiglily convexly elevated dorsally,
the apical scguieuts retracted within the large fourth segment.
Hab. — Roslyii, Va.
Der^cribed from two ? and one <? specimens, bred by Mr. Frank
H. ("liittenden from the larvaof a beetle, Tylodermu foceokdnin Say.
IKOSO.MA Walker.
IsOKOiiia abnoriiie sji. n.
9. — Length ."5 :5.."» mm. Hlack, umbilicate-iiunetate : scape, trochanters, knees
and all tibiie and tarsi brownish yellow; tlagellum rather thick, brown, (>-jointed,
the first .joint a little shorter than the club, the following sube((ual. about two
and oue-half times as long as thick ; pronotum about two and three-fourths times
wider than long, without pale spots on the anterior angles; mesonotum only two-
thirds the length of the scutellum ; metanotum about as long as the scutellum
with a distinct median impression. Wings hyaline, the veins yellowish, the mar-
ginal vein about one-half longer than the stigmal, the latter a little shorter than
the postmarginal. with a poorly defined uncus issuing from its extreme tip supe-
riorly. Abdomen with petiole a little longer than the head and thorax iniited.
compressed, the body dorsally at base, convexly elevated, the tip acute, curving
upwards, the petiole is rather slender, shagreened and nearly, or quite, as long
as the hind coxa?, the fourth, fifth and seventh segments dorsally are about of an
eijual length, but the fifth centrally is much longer.
Hab. — Riley County, Kansas, and Texas.
Of this s})ecies, which is not a true Isosomu, I have seen but two
specimens: one in my collection, received .«ome years ayo from Mr.
C. L. Marlatt, collected by him at Manhattan, Kans., and another
in the National Museum labeled " Texas."
.MKRAI>OKIJS Walker.
.lIera|>orii!« tliibiii»i sp. n.
9 . Length 1.8 2 mm. Aeneous-black, punctate, the upper part of thorax
and tem])les more decidedly metallic; scai)e and legs, except coxai, brownish
yellow, the tarei a little paler: flagelluni seneous-black, pubescent. Wings hyaline,
the veins i)ale, the subcostal being almost white and nearly three times as long as
the marginal vein, the latter only »■ little longer than the stigma. The head is a
little more than three times as wide as thick, antero-posteriorly. the o(rci})Ut deli-
cately margined, the cheeks a little rounded. The thorax has the j)Hra])si<lal
furrows distinct half the length of the mesonotum anteriorly, or a little more:
metanotum strongly punctate produced into a subglobose neck and tricMirinate,
the middle carina extending only to the base of the neck, the lateral folds strongly
curved. The abdomen is ovate, shorter than the thorax, flat above, convex or
strongly carinate beneath, the second segment the longest, occujiying a little more
than one-third its surface, with a large fovea at base above, the third segment is
about one-third the length of the first, the fourth, fifth and sixth segments are
very short, subequal and united are shorter than the third, the seventh .segment
is as long as the third, while the eighth is visible as a slight conical point.
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JUNK, 1896.
220 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
% . — Length 1.5 mm. Agrees with 9 , except the head and the thorax, are
more metallic green, while the abdomen is rotund-oval, the third segment being
half as long as the second, or as long as the following segments united.
Hab. — District of Columbia.
Described from two 9 and one % .specimens bred from an un-
known Dipterous puparium found in stems of Ambrosia.
II.4BRO€YT|TS Thomson.
llabrocytiiM rliotliibseni sj). u.
9. — Length ;5.2 mm. Dull bronzed-black, the metathorax and base of abdo-
men cupreous: scape, pedicel, mandibles and legs, except coxae, brownish yellow ;
flagelluni brown-black; ocelli red. Head and thorax closely punctate, the head
very wide, about four and a half times as wide as thick antero-posteriorly, the
cheeks full, the malar suture curved backwards to the base of mandibles; clypeus
finely longitudinally striated, the anterior margin with a slight median sinus;
antennae 13-jointed. filiform, inserted on the middle of the face, the fiagellum
about two and a half times as long as the scape ; pedicel small, cyathiform, about
one-third the length of the first joint of funicle; funicle 6-,iointed, the joints
very gradually shortening, the first the longest, about three times as long as thick,
or a little longer ; the last, or sixth joint, not quite twice as long as thick ; scu-
tellum at apex truncate, with a slight rim ; metathorax not quite as long as the
scutellum. tricariuate, the lateral carinse or folds very slightly curved at the
middle, the spiracles large, oval, not quite twice as long as wide. Wings hyaline,
pubescent, the veins light brown, the marginal vein a little more than twice as
long as the stigmal, the postmarginal a little shorter than the marginal. Abdo-
men couic-ovate, a little longer than the head and thorax united, depressed or
flat above, subconvex beneath, the second segment about twice as long as the
third, the third and following segments all very nearly of an e(iual length, the
last conical.
Hdb. — Roslyu, Va.
Described from a single 9 specimen bred by Mr. Frank H.
C'hittenden, from the larva of Rhodobieaus V^-punctata 111.
Habrocytus laiigiirise sp. n.
9. — Length 2.5-3 mm. Black, with sometimes a slight metallic, or bi-onzy,
tinge on the disc of the mesonotuin, the metaiu)tum usually brigiiter metallic
green. Abdomen seneous-black. metallic blue and green at base above; scape,
tegulte, trochanters, knt^es and all tibiae and tarsi, except la.st joint, yellowish or
brownish yellow, the femora brown, the coxa; black or blue-black ; pedicel, ex-
cept .sometimes beneath and fiagellum brown or brown-black. Head and thorax
])unctured ; antenna; 13-jointed. filiform; pedicel about half as long as the first
joint of funicle : tlagelbim about two and a half times as long as the scape; fu-
nicle 6-jointed, the joints gradually shortening, the first scarcely three times as
long as thick, the last not longer than thick. Wings hyaline, the veins light
brown, the marginal vein not quite twice as long as the stigmal. although very
nearly so. Aiidomen conic-ovate, a little longer than the head aiul thorax united,
about as in //. rhodahicni, but the sixth and seventh segments are nearly equal in
length ami distinclly longer than Ibc third and fourth segments.
PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA. 221
% . — Leiigtli 2.5 ruui. Bronzed trireii ; scape, tcfjulie and legs, except coxae,
brownish yellow, the tiliise and tarsi paler, nearly white ; flagelluni brown-black,
pih)se, tlie funicular joints cylindrical, subequal or slightly shortening towards
apex, the first two or three joints about three times as long as thick ; coxse me-
tallic green ; metanotum without carinfe, the origin of ^he lateral folds indicated
by small fovese, but the folds not developed. Abdomen elongate or oblong, nar-
rower, but not longer than the thorax, gradually narrowed towards base, feneous,
but with a more or less well defined pale or yellowish spot on the basal one-third ;
the second segment is the largest, occupying about one-third the whole surface,
the following .segments subequal, but very slightly and gradually (almost imper-
ceptibly) increasing in length to the seventh.
Hab. — Ro.«<lyn, Va.
Der^crihcd from six $ and two S specimens bred by Mr. Frank
H. Chittenden, from the larvse of Languria mozardi Lee. and L.
(lagustata Beauv., living in the stems of wild lettuce.
Subfamily Pteromalin^e.
STI€TO.mS€HrS Forster.
$iitivt(»inisehiis aiiraiiiM sp. n.
9 . — Length 2.2.") mm. (loldon-green, punctate or shagreened, the mesothorax
with some sparse hairs; the .sculpture resembling miuute transverse wrinkles;
scape, jiedicel and legs, except coxie, brownish yellow: flagellum black, pubes-
cent, the funicle 6-jointed, the first joint the longest, about two and a half times
as long as thick, the following joints very gradually shortening, the last being
only about one and a half times as long as thick, the club fusiform, ;{-jointed ;
mandibles rufous, botli 3-dentate, the inner tooth broad, obtuse ; clypeus .sepa-
rated, jterfectly smooth, with a deep emarginatiou anterioi'ly. Thorax vv-ith deep
parai)sidal furrows, the lobes convex: scutelluni longer than wide, with a frans-
verse grooved line before apex, the portion before the line closely punctate, the
part Itehind the line with elevated lines. Wings hyaline, the veins brown, the
stigmal club large, rounded, with a small uncus. Abdomen subglobose, shorter
than the thorax, with the petiole longer than thick, closely, rugosely jiunctate.
rest of abdomen smooth.
Hab. — Algonquin, 111.
Described from a single specimen, taken by Dr. Wm. A. Nason,
Aug. 30, 1894.
VRIEIiLA Ashm. n. g.
(Type U. rufip(s)
Head transverse, wider than the thorax, the vertex medially some-
what narrowed, the frons slightly impressed, the occiput concave ;
ocelli on a curved line; eyes oblong oval ; clypeus deeply bi.sinuate
anteriorly ; niandii)les apparently 8-deiitato, maxillary pal])i 4-jointed ;
labial palpi o-jointed; antenme lo-jointed, with two ring-Joints, inserted
a little below the middle of the face ; in 9 with the flagellum subulate
at tip, the funicle joints a little longer than thick, the pedicel about
TRAXS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. .JUNE. 1"<H6.
222 AVILLIAM H. ASHMKAD.
as long as tlie first joint of funicle, or possibly slightly longer ; in %
with the flagellinn filiform, the elongate, cylindrical and pilose joints,
varying in length from two to three times as long as thick, the basal
joint the longest. Thorax ovoid, the pronotuin not especially short,
about two-thirds as long as the mesonotum, rounded off antei'iorly ;
niesonotum alxnit twice as wide as long, with the parapsidal furrows
indicated anteriorly ; scuiellum convex, a little longer than wide,
with a delicate transverse grooved line before the apex, the axillse
nearly as wide apart as their width at base, the postscutellum dis-
tinct and rather large, punctate, nearly as long as the apical part
of the scutellum beyond the transverse suture ; metanotum without
spiracular sulci or carinne, closely punctate, somewhat deeply sinuate
on each side of the middle posterioi-ly, the spiracles small, rounded ;
front wings with the postmarginal and marginal veins about equal
in length, the latter not quite one and a half times as long as the
stigmal and nuich thicker at base than at apex, the stigmal vein
ending in a small knob with an uncus. Legs normal, the tibial
spuro 1, 1, 1. Abdomen in 9 conic-ovate, as long as, or a little
longer than the head and thorax united ; the second segment, which
is the longest, occupies scarcely one-third of the surface; the third
segment is the shortest ; the fourth and fifth longer, increasing in
size, the fifth being nearly twice as long as the third, the sixth is
about as long as the fourth ; the seventh and eighth a little longer,
the latter conical, with distinct spiracles ; the tips of the ovipositor
sheaths project a little beyond the eighth, while the sides of segments
4-8 are fimbriate. In the % the abdomen is oblong, hardly as long
as the thorax, the second segment occupying about half, or some-
times more than half of the whole surface, the three following seg-
ments subecjual, the terminal segments very short.
This new genus belongs to the tribe 3/erwi>u', distinguished from
other Pteromalids by the absence of si)iracnlar sulci.
Uriella rufipcs s)). n.
9. — Lunfjth :2.r>-:5 nun. Head and thorax bronzy-green, closely punctate:
sides of thorax and beneath, and the coxse, blue-black. Abdomen leneous-black ;
scape, pedicel and legs rufous; Hagellum black : tegulse fuscous. Wings hyaline,
the veins brown.
^. — Length 1.5-2 nun. Differs from 9 ''i color as follows: It is darker, or
seneous-black, the thorax above- with only a slight l)rassy tinge: the pedicel, as
well as the flagellum. is black; tlie flagellum is filiform, pilose, the first joint the
longest, about four times as long as thick, the following joints to the club gradu-
ally becoming shorter and shorter, the last being only half as long as the first, the
club ;j-jointed, as long as the pedicel and first funicular joint united.
i/a6.— District of Columbia; Algonquin, 111., and Ohio.
PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA. 223
Dei^criln"! from m:uiy specinien.s. Dr. Win. A. Nasoii has col-
lected many specimens of this interesting^: species at Al<,n)n(jnin, and
the U. S. National Museum has a sin(,de specimen labeled from Prof.
F. ]\r. Webster, bred from />V>//.s ercetalui Grote.
.VETROXYS Wcstwood.
AetroxyM CHllidii s]). n.
9 . — Lt'iifitli 8.5 mm. Head and tliorax lilue-black, above bronze-green, clo.sely
punctate and clothed with spai-se white hairs. Abdomen feneous l)lack : scajie
and legs, except coxa; and femora, brownish yellow, the femora metallic bi'own.
Head transverse, wider than the thorax, not quite three and a half times as wide
as thick antero-posteriorly ; viewed from in front across the eyes it is wider than
long, the cheeks rounded, the face below antennae subconvex; pronotum dilated
at sides, narrowed medially, the superior anterior margin acute; mesonotum a
little wider than long: axillse as wide from each other as their width at base;
metanotum short, hardly half as long as the scutellum, the median carina sub-
obsolete, the lateral folds complete, the spiracles subreniform. Wings hyaline,
the veins pale yellowish, the marginal vein nearly twice as long as the stign»al,
the ]>ostniarginal about two-thirds as long as the marginal. Abdomen long, conic-
ovate, twice as long as the thorax, above concave, beneath convex, segments 4, 5
and 6 long, the apical margin of fourth roundedly sinuated inwardly.
Hab. — Virginia Beach, Va.
Described from two 9 specimens, bred July 17, 1894, by Mr. E.
A. Schwarz, from the larva of CaUidlum antennatum.
PL.ATYTEK.n.4 Walker. •
Platyternia eitripes sp. n.
9- — Length 2.") mm. Metallic bluisli green; scape, i>edicel beneath and legs,
except coxae, lemon-yellow ; pedicel and tlagellum above brown, the latter beneath
yellowish; palpi yellow. Head and thorax closely punctate, the head a little
more than twice as wide as thick antero-posteriorly, viewed from in front about
one-half wider than long; ocelli red : mandibles pale with black teeth; antennse
inserted below the middle of the face, 13-jointed, with three minute ring-joints,
the tlagellum clavate, twice as long as the scape, the pedicel obconical, a little
longer than the first joint of funicle; funicle 5-jointed, the joints gradually
widening toward club, all wider than long, the club incrassated, oblong. Thorax
about two and a half times as long as wide, the parapsidal furrows indicated only
anteriorly, the metathorax almost smooth, but with complete lateral folds. Wings
hyaline, the teguhe and veins brownish yellow, the marginal vein about twice as
long as the stigmal. .\bdomen viewed from above conic-ovate, the dorsum fiat,
beneath compressed, carinated, and with an exceedingly delicate microscopic
sculi)ture.
Hal,.— West Cliff, Colo.
Described from two 9 specimens received some years ago from
r. D. A. Cockerell.
I'latyteriiiit f'ii<«4*i|>OK sp. n.
9. — Length 2..') mm. Stature similar to /'. cifripex. but alu)ost entirely blue,
with only a faint greenish tinge in certain lights ; the scape rufous ; the flagelluni,
TKANS. \-\I. KNT. SOe. XXIII. .JUXE. 1S96.
224 WIl.LIAM H. ASHMEAD.
includiii}; tlio perlicel black, three times as long as the scape, subclavate. the joiuts
of funicle all longer than thick. Wings hyaline, the tegiilae and veins brown,
the marginal vein one and a half times as long as the stigmal. Legs fuscous, the
hind femora with a bluish tinge, the trochanters, knees and tarsi, except last
joint, white. Abdomen acuminate, strongly triangularly produced beneath.
Hab. — Marquette, Mich.
Described from one 9 specimen received from Mr. E. A. Schwarz.
BELONURA Ashm. n. g.
(Type B. singHlnris)
Head transverse, wider than the thorax, the vertex broad, the
frons slightly impressed medially, the occipital foraminal depre.ssi<)n
acutely margined, the temples full ; ocelli subtriangularly arranged ;
eyes large, subovate, bare, or with only faint traces of bristles poste-
riorly ; clypeus not separated, anteriorly truncate, and with two
minute indentations; mandibles 4-dentate ; antennae 13-jointed, with
three ring-joints, the flagellum clavate, gradually incrassated towards
tip, the pedicel obconical, scarcely longer than the first joint of
funicle ; funicle joints increasing in width, but decreasing in length,
the joints 2-6 wider than long. Thorax ovate ; the pronotum with
the superior anterior margin acute ; the mesonotum wider than long,
with the parapsidal furrows distinct anteriorly to a little behind its
middle ; scutellum large, convex, with a delicate or subobsolete
transverse grooved line just before its apex ; metathorax long, punc-
tate, produced into a subglobose neck at apex, the median and lateral
carinse distinct, the metapleural ridges fimbriate, the spiracles ratlier
large, oval. The postmarginal vein of anterior wings is a little
longer than the marginal, the stigmal very little shorter than the
marginal, ending in a moderate sized knob with an uncus. Legs
normal, the tibial spurs 1, 1, 1, the hind coxa? fimbriate. Abdomen
elongate ovate, longer than the head and thorax united, the eighth
or last segment being })roduced into a slender, subcompressed stylus,
resembling an ovipositor ; the second segment is large, and, without
taking into consideration the long stylus, occupies nearly half of the
whole surface ; the third segment is about one-third the length of
the second ; the fourth, fifth and sixth iniited are only a little longer
than the third, and of these the sixth is slightly the longest, the fifth
the shortest ; the seventh is longer than the sixth. Male unknown.
This new genus is remarkable for the stylu.s-like production of the
eighth abdominal segment, which readily distinguish it from Halizoa
Forst., IsocyrtiLS Walker, Tric/ioglenes Thomson and Triehomalus
Thorns., genera to which it seems most closely allied.
PAKASITIC IIYMKNOl'TEKA. 225
Beloniira singiilariN sp. n.
9- — Lenjith to tip of stylus 3.5 mm. Black and rather coarsely, iMit closely
punctate; in certain lights there is a slight seneoiis tinge on collar, at hase of
nietathorax and toward tip of ahdonien ; scape, niandihles, trochanters, tips of
tihiiB and tarsi beneath, more or less rufous or dark honey-yellow; coxie metallic,
rest of legs black. Wings subhyaline, faintly tinged, the veins piceous black;
metapleural ridges fimbriate with long white hairs.
Hub. — F'ortress Monroe, \'a., and Georgia.
Described from two 9 specimens; one in my collection taken by
Mr. E. X. Schwarz, at ?\irtress Monroe, IVFay 29, 1898, the other in
the collection of the American l^ntomological .S)c:et> lahclcd
" Georgia."
IIAMZOA Fiirster.
Halizoa riifipes sp. n.
9- — Length ;> mm. Head and thorax bronzy-l)lack, rather coarsely punctate,
sparsel.v pubescent; there is a golden spot just beneath the antennte ; the scape,
pedicel and legs, except coxae, are brownish yellow; the tlagelluni biown-black,
pubescent. Wings hyaline, pubescent, the veins brown. Abdomen ovate, leneous
black. Head transverse, as wide as the thorax across the shoulders, or from
tegula to tegiila, the frous with a slight median impression ; eyes subovate, whitisli
and hairy, with a brownish spot anteriorly: mandibles rufous; antennai inserted
a little below the middle of the face, much incrassated toward tips, the pedicel
obconical, longer than the ring-joints and first funicular joint united ; funicular
joints transverse, gradually widening toward club, the club oblong, obtusely
rounded at tip. Thorax subovoid, the pronotum short and much narrower than
the mesonotum, the superior anterior margin acute; mesonotum in outline trape-
zoidal, its width behind not quite twice as long as its length, the parapsidal fur-
rows anteriorly distinct and sharply defined for two-thirds the length of the
mesonotum ; metathorax produced into a subglobose neck, with coarse punctures,
the lateral folds and the median carina distinct, the latter, however, terminating
at the subglobose neck ; the superior margins of the metapleura are densely
clothed with a griseous pubescence; marginal and postmarginal veins of anterior
witigs are a little longer than the stigmal vein. Abdomen ovate, flat above, boat-
shaped beneath, the second segment (first body segment) occupying a little more
than one-third its whole surface, the third and seventh segments about equal in
length, but a little shorter than the fourth, fifth and sixth segments united, the
latter segments being short, subequal, the last segment conical.
%. — Length LG mm. Agrees tolerably well in structural detail with the 9-
except the head and the upper surface of the thorax are bronze-green : the fiagt:!-
lum is subclavate, not so much incrassated as in the 9- while the abdomen is
much shorter, broadly oval or rounded, the second segment occupying fully half
the whole surface.
Hab. — Owen's Valley, Cal.
Described from one % and one 9 . specimens in National Museum,
bred l)y Mr. Albert Koebele in May, 1891, from Ephydra califoridca.
TRIC'IIO(iiI.E.\l<:S Thomson.
Trichoglciies occi<leiilali!« sp. n.
9- — Length 2 mm. Dull hron/.y-green. closely ))unctate ; scajjc. pedicel and
legs, except c.oxie, brownish yellow, the coxse metallic, the femora and tibiie. ex-
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (29) JUNE. 1S9«.
226 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
cept tips, dark brown or fuscous ; flagelluni inrrassiited towards tip. brown-black.
Wings hyaline, the veins light brown. Head transverse, the vertex broad, the
cheeks rather broad, rounded ; eyes oval, pubescent; antennae inserted below the
middle of the face, incrassated. the pedi(^el much longer than any of the funicular
joints, the latter transverse, increasing in width to club. Thorax subovoid, the
upper anterior margin of the pronotum with a slight reflexed margin ; mesonotura
across the shoulders nearly twice as wide as long, a little narrowed anteriorly,
the parapsidal furrows shaqily indicated anteriorly for half its length or a little
more ; the extreme tip of scutellum and the postscutellum smooth, impunctured ;
metathorax produced into a small, subglobose neck, with a median carina and
lateral folds, the median carina forked at apex and extending on each side of the
neck intersecting with the apices of the lateral folds, the surface between the
folds and the median carina as well as on each side of them, finely rugulose ; the
spiracles oval, away from the postscutellar ridge ; the superior margins of meta-
pleura fimbriate. Wings hyaline, the marginal vein less than twice as long as
the stigmal, the postm.irginal vein only a little longer than the stigmal. Abdo-
men rotund and not much more than half the length of the thorax, the second
segment occupying fully one-half its whole surface, the following segments all
very short, subequal in length.
Hah. — Bauotf Springs and Easton, Wash.
Described from one 9 specimen in my collection taken by Mr. E.
A. Schwarz, and one $ in National ^lu.seum taken by Mr. Albert
Koebele.
CATOL,.\CCL'f§» Thomson.
Catola<'ciis <*«eliofli!!i sp. n.
9 . — Length 2.75 mm. Blue-black, the face and upper part of thorax with a
dull bronzy tinge, and sparsely clothed with short, scale-like, white hairs : ocelli
red ; palpi piceous : scape, knees, tips of tibiae and tarsi, except last joint, honey-
yellow; pedicel and tiagellum black. Head and thorax punctate, the head being
fully four times as wide as thick antero-posteriorly ; clypeus anteriorly with a
slight median sinus; antennse subdavate, slender, the pedicel scarcely as long as
the first joint of funicle, the funicular joints very gradually shortening and
almost imperceptibly thickening toward the club, the first being about twice as
long as thick, the last scarcely longer than wide. Thorax with the mesonotal
furrows only indicated anteriorly, the pronotum exceedingly short, appearing
above as a sharp, transverse line; metathorax short, scarcely half the length of
the scutellum. tricarinate, the neck or produced ajjcx of metathorax short, the
median carina forked at and surrounding its base, the lateral folds strongly curved,
the spiracles prominent, linear-elliptic, two and a half times as long as wide.
Wings hyaline, the veins brownish, the marginal vein about two and three-fourths
times as long as the stigmal, the })ostmarginal a little longer than the stigmal.
Abdomen conic-ovate, nearly one-half longer than the head and thorax united,
the second segment (first body segment) the longest, the third the shortest, the
segments from the third impercejjtibly increasing in length, none being very
much longer than tlie third.
% . — Length 2 mm. Agrees with 9 > except the head and thorax above are
more distinctly bronzed, the punctuation being finer; the flagellum is shorter,
only one and a half times as long as the scape, the last joint being wider than
long; while the abdomen is oblong-oval, shorter than the thorax, the third and
fourth segments the shortest, subequal, the fifth, the sixth and seventh being a
little longer.
Huh. — Ro.-lvn, \w.
PAltASITlC IIYMENOPTERA. 227
Described from one S uiul one $ bred by Mr. Frank II. Cliit-
tenden from the larvu of a Curculionid Oellodes acephalus Say.
■■:\l>4>:tlY<'llOKI|I.S Ashiu. n. g.
('ry|)e K. Ilii ripen)
Head transverse, niucli wider tluin the thorax, and rather deeply,
round(>dly eniar<iinated behind, the occipital foraniinal depression
imlMar^■illed, the frons much impressed, the vertex, therefore, acute,
and antero-posteriorly thin ; the face below the insertion of antennie
is rather full, convex, the cheeks long, rather flat, a little longer
than the eyes; eyes rather small, obovate, bare; ocelli small, almost
in a straight line, the anterior ocellus being only slightly in advance
of the lateral; mandibles not large, 4-dentate ; antennae 13-jointed,
with two ring-joints, inserted near the middle of the face; in 9 sub-
clavate, [)u!)escent, extending to base of abdomen, the flagellum
two and a half times as long as the scape ; pedicel obconical, about
as long as the ring-joints and the first joint of funicle united ; funicle
joints transverse, club-shaped, loosely joined; club fusiform, '.]-
jointed ; in S more slender, with the funicular joints less distinctly
transverse. Thorax ovate, the ])ronotum short, rounded before, the
superior margin rounded ; mesonotum a little wider than long, with
the parapsidal furrows only indicated anteriorly ; scutellum convexly
rounded with a delicate transverse grooved line just before apex on
its posterior declivity ; metathorax produced into a neck at apex,
tricarinate, the carinie delicate, but distinct; spiracles small, elliptic.
Wings with the marginal and postmarginal veins about equal, or the
lattei' slightly the longer, the stigmal vein slightly curved, about
two-thirds the length of the marginal and terminating in a very
small stigma. Legs normal, tibial spurs 1, 1, 1. Abdomen small;
in 9 rounded, scarcely half the length of the thorax, depressed
above, subconvex beneath, the petiole very short, the second segment
occupying not (piite half the surface, the third and following seg-
ments short, sub('(|ual ; in S oval, the second segment a little shorter
than in 9 •
This genus comes apparently nearest to Merapontx Walker, l)ut
is quite distinct from it in the shape of the head and in its antennal
and abdominal characters.
Eufloiiiycliobiiis flHvipoM sji. n.
9 . Lciifith 1 uim. Hi-ail and tliorax black, or blue-black, the niesoiKituin
and scutellum delicately reticulated, or scaly punctate, and witb a decided a-neous
or brassy tinge ; the scape, the short abdominal petiole and the legs yellowisli
white; flagellum light brown. Abdomen rounded, a;neous-black.
% . — Length 0.65 mm. Agrees with the 9 i'l coloratioiial detail, but dill'ers in
having a more slender flagellum ami in the abdomen being oval, nut rounded.
Hah. — District of Colundda.
TKA.NS. AM. K.N'T. SOC. XXIII. JUNE. 1896.
228 WILLIAM H. ASIIMEAI).
Described from or.e S aii<l six 9 specimens, bred l)y ^[r. E. A.
Schwarz, from the supposed larva of Eiidomychus bujattatas Say.
SYIVTO.MOPI^S Walker.
Syntoinopii!^ aftiiiis sp. n.
9. — Leiifjtli ■2.2 mm. Dull bronzed green; seajie sen eons, the base alone yel-
lowish. Legs metallic, the tips of femora, anterior tibise, base and tips of middle
and hind tibise. and all tansi, except last joint, honey-yellow; flagellum brown-
black, the funicjilar joints all wider than long; jtetiole shagreened, grooved at
sides, the long second abdominal segment with the longitudinal median sulcus
\inusually large and long, extending almost to the a})ical margin', which has itself
a deep median emargination ; the following segments all short, the sheaths of the
ovipositor prominent. Wings hyaline, the veins pale yellowish.
Hab. — District of Cohimbia.
This species comes very close to S. amerlcanns, but tlie wider
funicuhir joints metallic colored leg's, the tibipe being difierently col-
ored, and the longer median .sidcus on the second abdominal segment
readily separate it from that species.
ACROCLISIS Forster.
AcrocliKi!^ CiiroliiiPii<<iiM sp. n.
% . — Length 2.6 mm. Dull bronze-black, the thorax beneath blue-black, the
face metallic green ; the head and thorax are rather coarsely, squameously ])unc-
tate ; scape, pedicel beneath, tegulse. trochanters, knees, anterior tibife, all tarsi,
except last joint and the base and apex of middle and hind tibia> brownish
yellow, the coxse blue-black, the femora dark brown, the hind femora bronzed,
the middle and hind tibise. except di.stal ends lighter brown ; flagellum black, the
l)edicel short, scarcely half the length of the first funicular joint, the funicular
joints fully twice as long as thick ; o(;elli red ; cheeks somewhat rounded. Thorax
long, the pronotum rather large, transverse-quadrate, about three times as wide
as long ; mesonotum with the parapsidal furrows distinct, the shoulders somewhat
Iirominent; .scutelluni subcon vex, with a cross-furrow before apex; metathorax
long, tricarinate, punctate, the spiracles very small, rounded, away from the post-
scutellar ridge, which is metallic green. Abdomen ohlong-oval, the petiole longer
than the hind coxse, rugose and with four carinse : the .second segment attains to
half the length of the body of the abdomen, is smooth and cujjreous, with a deep
emargination at base, the apical margin .straight: the third segment is scarcely
half the length of the second, the fourth about half the length of the third, the
following all very short, but distinctly visible; segments 3-8 are bluish, with a
faint microscopical reticulated sculpture. Wings hyaline, the veins light brown,
the marginal and ])ostmarginal long, neai'ly equal in length, the latter a little the
longer, twice the length of the stigmal.
i/a6.— Round Knob, N. C.
Described from one % specimen collected June 23, 1898, by Mi\
E. A. Schwarz.
CKYI»TOI»KY.MXITS Pointer.
C'ryptopryiniiiis illiiicRiiNiw sp. n.
9. — Length l.(> inm. Head and thorax ieneous-black. squameously punctate;
the abdomen highly polished black, the tips clothed with si>arse whitish hairs, the
second segment very large, occui)ying ino.st of the surface, paljii white; scape and
legs, including coxse, honey-yellow ; flagellum slender, black, the first funiijular
PARASITIC HYMKNOPTERA. 229
joint the Idiiffi'St, a little loiivcer tliaii the scape. Wiiifis liyaline. puhescent, the
veins brownish yellow, the postmarjiinal vein a little longer than the stignial, the
niar>rinal not quite twice as long as the stignial ; hind wings with long cilia on
hind margin toward base.
Hah. — Algonquin, 111.
Described from one specimen received from Dr. Wm. A. Nason.
itIKTAFOIV Walker.
!Vlcta|»oii riifi|>4'M sp. n.
J. — Length 1.8-3 mm. Dull bronzed green to blue-black and black, closely
|)unctate and clothed with a whitish pubescence; the abdomen teneous ; scape,
pedicel, ring-joints and more or less of the fii"st joint of funicle. mandibles and
legs, except coxse, rufous or brownish yellow, the femora sometimes slightly dusky
medially; flagellum strongly incrassated, brown-black. Wings hyaline, or some-
times with a slight fuscous tinge, i)ubescent, the tegulje and veins ferruginous or
brownish yellow, the marginal vein nearly twice as long as the stigmal : meta-
mitum much as in M. deiphon Walk.— a median carina intersected at basal one-
third by a transverse carina, which is usually very distinct and prominent, al-
though sometimes nearly obsolete; the ridge of metapleura blue-black, not
(•ui)reous. Abdomen ovate, compressed, much narrower than the thorax, concave
above, carinate beneath, the ventral valve very large, extending beyond the tip
of abdomen, yellowish ; petiole very short, rugose, the fourth segment shorter
than the third, the following segments subequal.
% . — Length 1.8-2 mm. Agrees with 9 . except in the structure of the antennte
and in the abdomen : The abdomen is oblor.g, with sometimes a yellowish spot at
liasc, the second segment occupying about half its surface, the third being only
half as long as the first, while the fourth and fiftii segments are scarcely half as
long as the third.
llnl). — Jacksonville, Fla. ; Georgia, District of Cohunhia and
South Dakota.
Described from several specimens. INIr. F. H. Chittenden has
bred this species from Ch/antiis j)/!<uif(i Fabr.
.tlotapoii califoriiiciiin sp. n.
9 . — Length 4 mm. Uronzed green, closely, rather strongly ]>unctate and
clothed with a sparse, whitish i)ubescence ; face black; a bright cui)reous spot
l)''neatli insertion of hind wings; upjier margin of metapleura clothed with dense
long white hairs; scape, pedicel, ring-joints and fii-st joint of funicle, tegula>, the
veins and the legs, except coxiB, light rufous or brownish yellow; flagellum
strongly incrassated, black, the funicular joints .'{-ti transverse. Wings hyaline,
or faintly tinged ; fourth abdominal segment longer than the third.
'^ . — Length 2.5-3 mm. Differs from 9 "• the antennae, the flagellum being
filiform, about four times the length of the scape, densely pubescent, the funicle
(j-jointed, the joints loosely joined, the first the longest, twice as long as the third,
or as long as the club, the .second nearly two-thirds the length of the first, 3 (i
sul)eiiual, a little longer than thick : the femora are .sometimes dusky or brown :
while the abdomen is much smaller, oblong, only half as long as the thorax, the
petiole about two and a half times as long as thick, smooth, shining, the second
segment occujiying about one-third of the surface, the third two-thirds as long as
the second, the fourth about one-fifth the lengtb of the second, the fourth about
one-fifth the length of the third.
Hab. — Los Angeles, Cal., Riley County, Kansas, and (icorgia.
Described from several specimens.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JUNK, 1896.
230 WILLIAM 11. ASHMEAD.
C'YRTOGASTER Walker.
t'yrtogaster citripes sp. n.
% . — Length 1.6 mm. Kobust, golden-green ; antennje, except a small spot on
pedicel at base above and the club which are fuscous, palpi, mandibles, except
teeth, and legs, except coxae, lemon-yellow. The mesonotal furrows extend ante-
riorly only to the middle of the mesonotum ; metanotum puqilish, tricarinate,
but with the surface smooth. Wings hyaline, the veins brownish yellow, the
marginal vein not quite twice as long as the stigmal, the postmarginal a little
shorter than the marginal. Abdomen spatulate, the petiole short, stout, rugose,
with a median carina, the second segment very large, occupying most of the re-
maining surface, the remaining segments, except the third, which is very short,
all retracted and not at all visible.
Hab. — Fort George, Florida.
Cyrtoga»$ter oc<*i<leutaIis sp. n.
9 . — Length 1.5-1.7 mm. Aeneous-black, or dull bronzed green ; the head in
front somewhat purplish or bluish; head and thorax scaly punctate; scape and
pedicel, except extreme base of the former, teneous ; flagellum dark brown. Legs,
except coxfe, brownish yellow. Head transverse, about four times as wide as long
antero-posteriorly, the frons very wide and scarcely impressed medially ; antennse
subclavate, inserted below the middle of the face on an imaginary line with the
base of the eyes; pedicel a little longer than the two ring-joints and the first
joint of funicle united, the funicular joints a little wider than long; mesotho-
racic furrows indicated only anteriorly ; metanotum smooth, tricarinate, with a
short raised line at base between the middle and lateral carinse. Wings hyaline,
the veins fuscous or brownish, the marginal vein not quite twice as long as the
stigmal. Abdomen short, ovate, pointed at tip, the petiole about three times as
long as thick, finely shagreened, with a delicate median carina, the second seg-
ment occupying one-half of the length of body of abdomen, its apical margin
with a very slight median sinus; segments 3 and 4 subequal.
% . — Length 1.25-1 5 ram. Variable from a bronze-green, through blue-green
to blue-black, or even geneous-black ; antennae and legs, except coxse, yellow, a
spot on pedicel above at base and the club moi'e or less dusky , funicular joints
1 and 2 about as long as wide, ;{-6 a little wider than long ; mesothoracic furrows
indicated only anteriorly. Abdomen spatulate. the petiole as long as or a little
longer than the hind coxaj, shagreened, the median carina wanting or distinct
only at base, second segment occupies about half of the whole surface of the
body, with a slight median sinus on its apical margin, third segment distinct, the
following very short, u.sually retracted.
Hab. — Indiiuui, Texas, District of Coluinhia, Virginia, South
Dakota and Colorado.
This species has been bred by Prof. F. ]\I. Webster from Osclnls
varlabilhi or 0. ambrosa Loew, mining the stems of wheat.
POL-YCYRTUS West wood.
Polycyrtiii^ flori4laiiu»« sp. n.
%. — Length 2 mm. Bright metallic green, closely i)unctate ; scape towards
apex and pedicel teneous; flagellum short, light brown, the joints transverse; all
coxae and femora metallic, the knees, tibiie and tarsi, except last joint, yellow or
brownish yellow. Head transverse about four and a half times as wide as tliick
antero-posteriorly; antennte unusually short, the scajjc extending only to the
middle ocellus, while the fiagellum is also short, subclavate, with transvei-se
PARASITIC IIYMKNOI'TKKA. 231
joitits: niesotlioracic furrows complete, stroiifrly couverginfj to about three-fourths
the lengths of the niesouotum and then with an abrupt curve towards the inner
one-third of the axillae; scutellum with an indistinct cross furrow before apex;
nietanotuni and abdomen as in P. tri/petse, but with the abdominal segments rela-
tively ditferent : The second segment occupies more than half the whole surface,
the third being one-half longer than the fourth, the fifth only one-half the length
of the fourth, vvliile the following segments are retracted.
//(//>. — Jacksonville, Flti.
Thi.s species is nuirkedly difierent from all other forms known to
me in the very short antennie, and in having metallic colored femora,
PAMSTENOX Walker.
l*aiiNt<'noii ooliiiiibiaiia sp. n.
9. — Length 3 niiii. Bluisli green. i)Unctate ; collar above, lateral lobes of
niesonotuni, postscutelluui, metanotum and base of abdomen bluish ; mandiblesi
scai)e and tarsi, yellowish. Legs, except cox aj and tarsi, rufous ; tlagellum brown-
black. Wings amj>le, hyaline, pubescent, the anterior pair with a dusky spot at
their basal angles ; tegulie piceous; veins yellowish, the marginal vein about two-
thirds the length of the submarginal, the stignial vein about one-third the length
of the marginal, ending in a small knob with iin uncus, the postmargiual very
long, extending to the apex of the wing; collar distinct, narrowed, eampanulate i
mesonotuni rather flat above, with complete parapsidal furrows; scutellum flat-
tened, the axilUc nearly their width at base from each other; metanotum long,
smooth, but with a delicate median cai'ina, the spiracles very small, rounded, re-
mote from postscutellar ridge. Abdomen conic-ovate, as long as the head and
thorax united, teneous, but with a short yellowish petiole; the second segment
is the longest, the others shorter, subequal, the apical segments produced into a
point.
Hab. — District of Columbia.
ErC'IIRY^ilA West wood.
Eiiclirj'sia lij'aliiiipeiiiii!^ s)). u.
9 ■ — Length 4 mm. Bronzed black, coarsely punctate and clothed with a
whitish puliescence; face and sides of thorax more or less bluish green, the face
with large, coarse, umbilicate punctures; antennae black, sometimes with three
or four basal joints of flagollum, brown ; all tarsi brownish yellow, more or less
white basally. Wings hyaline. Head transverse, the vertex acute, the face with
a A-shiijJed antennal furrow, and with large, coarse, reticulated punctures; man-
dibles blackish; eyes large, pubescent, convergent above; antennaj 11-joiuted,
subclavate, the pedicel three times as long as thick at apex; funicle joints 1-4
k)nger than wide, the following wider than long ; club globose, ending in a stylus.
Tliorax above depressed or flat, the parapsidal furrows delicate, but complete;
scutellum large, flattened ; metathorax short, with lateral folds, but no median
carina, the metapleura above bright cupreous, with whitish hairs; spiracles large,
oval. Legs, excejjt tarsi, metallic: the hind femora much swollen and minutely
<lenticulate beneath. Wings hyaline, the veins brown, the marginal vein about
half tiie length of the submarginal, the postmargiual considerably longer than
the marginal, while the stigmal is only about one-third the length of the mar-
ginal. Abdomen broadly ovate, dejjressed, ieneous-black, with a cupreous band
at l)ase, the .segments 4-() finely transversely ac-iculated ; the first segment occu-
pies about one-fourth the whole surface, the second is very short, the third about
twice as long as the second, the fourth a little longer than the second and third
united, the fifth a little longer than the three preceding united, while the sixth
is much shorter.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JUNE. 1896.
232 WILLIAM H. AsHMEAD.
Hab. — Argus Mountains, Death Valley, Panamint Valley and
Los Angeles, California ; Texas and St. Louis, Mo.
Types in National Maseum.
Mr, Coquillett bred a single 5 specimen of this species at L<j>
Angeles, Cal., from larva of Chrysohothrvs delecta Lee.
Enchryiiia macalipennis sp. n.
■^ . — Length 2 mm. (jfjlden green, shagretrje'i : ine vtrttx. occiijui. j>e<iic«^l
and sides of scatellam blaisb, or with bluish reflections: a spct on metapleura
smooth, violaceous ; three basal joints of middle tarsi and the spar white : ante-
rior and posterior tarsi dark bn>wn, rest of legs metallic. Wings hyaline, with a
large brownish cloud on disc below the marginal vein : hind femora much swollen
and with the apic-al two-thirds beneath, minutely denticulate, as in Haltxcdln.
Hab. — Santa Cruz Mountains, California,
Types in National MiLseum.
Subfamily ExcYRTiyj:.
EMYBTUS Dalman.
Encyrtas mesograptae sp. n.
J . — Length 1.1 mm. Blue-black ; mesonotnm metallic purplish ; scntellum
cupreous. Abdomen aeneous; scaj^e and legs, except as hereafter mentioned,
brownish yellow: flagellum dark brown; all coxae metallic, the anterior femora
near base, a blotch on the middle of their tibiae above, the hind femora, except
tips and the basal half of their tibiae, brown. The funicular joints. ex(«pt the
first, are transverse, widening from the second, the first being a little longer than
thick. Wings hyaline, the marginal vein dark brown, as long as the stigmal.
In the male the closely punctate vertex, the finely shagreened mesonotum, the
scntellum and the metapleura are bright cupreous; the flagellum is filiform,
brownish yellcw. pilose, the jointe about two and a half times as long as thick,
the first joint being slightly longer ; the hind femora and the tibiae, except at
ba.se and apex, are dark fuscous ; otherwise a£ in 9 •
Hab. — Jacksonville. Fla.
Described from .s[jeciraens reared from the puparium of Meaofjrapin
polita Say.
Subfamily Entedonix.e.
C EOSTEROCERL'S WestwrKKl.
Clostero«erus ni;;er -p. n.
%. — Length ()ji mm. Polished black, the bead sometimes with bluifih metallic
reflections; scape, trochanters, knees, tibiae and tarsi, white; middle and hind
tibiae with a brownish nnnulus towards base: flagellum fusiform, brown-black,
pilose, the funicle JV-jointed, the joints gradually increasing in size and width,
dilated ; club :i-jointed. the last two joints closely united. Wings clear hyaline
ciliate, the venation pale brownish. Abdomen subrotund. depressed. smo«»th and
highly polished, the i>etiole short but dwtinct. fiei-<*nd segment fx-cupying most
of the remaining surfa/::e. the foll'«wing '■egnient'- excee^lingly ••hort. more or less
retracted.
PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA. 233
Hub. — Algonquin, III.
Described from two % specimens collecte^l by Dr. \\\\\. A. Na.<on,
July -Ir, and 31, 1894.
DECODES Forster.
Secofles phl«eutribi sj). n.
9 . -Length 1.5 mm. CtBiiileus, the disc of mesonotum and the scutellura with
an seneous tinge; coxse and femora, except tips, bluish; scape, tips of coxa, tro-
cbantere, tips of femora and the tibise and tarsi, except last joint, honey-yellow
or yellowish, the tarsi a little paler or yellowish white; flagellum brown-black,
subdavate, pubescent. Wings hyaline, the veins yellowish, the pubescence very
fine and arranged in little irregular lines ; stigmal vein very short, but terminating
in rather a large oval knob, .\bdomen conic-ovate, as long, or a little longer than
the head and thorax united.
The % is more of an aineous-black. the sides of thorax and abdomen beneath
blue; the tibia;, except distal ends, are brown, while the abdomen is oblong, nar-
rowed towards base.
if«6.— Roslyn, Va,
Described from one % and one 9 bred June 18, 1894, from the
larva of a beetle Phlceoinbiis frontalis Oliv.
The % , unfortunately, has the antenme broken off, and these im-
portant organs, in con-seijuence, are not described.
Subfamily Tktrastichix.e.
Tfr:TKASTI€IIIJS Haliday.
TetrastieliiiN joliu»»oiii sp. n.
9-— Length 1.25 mm. Polished black, the hairs on head and thorax black;
scape, trochanters, except second joint of middle legs, tips of femora and all tibiai
and tarsi, honey-yellow; flagellum black, three or more times longer than the
scape, clothed with a sparse, whitish pubescence, the pedicel and fii-st funicular
joint united alone a little longer than the scape, funicular joints 2 and 3 abi)ut
equal in length, a little shorter than the lii-st, the fii-st being the longest joint, and
about four times as long as thick. Head transvei-se, autero-posteriorly very nar-
row, with a deep frontal emargination ; mesonotum a little wider than long,
smooth, but with deep parapsidal furrows; the collar anteriorly and at side.s,
episterna, anterior margin of mesopleura and the metanotum feebly shagreened,
the latter short, with a median carina and distinct, rounded spiracles, which are
bounded behind by a raised curved line ; teguhe piceous black. Wings hyaline,
iridescent, pube-scent, the marginal cilia of hind wings longer than on the ante-
rior wings; veins brown, the submarginal vein two-thirds the length of the mai--
giui'l, the former with one long bristle just before its middle. Abdomeu oval,
not longer than the thorax, the tiret body segment occupying about one-third the
whole surface, all the following segments short, subequal.
i/u7>.— Urbana, 111.
Described from si.x 9 specimens bred by Mr. W. (J. ddhnson,
July 80, 1^95, from a mud wasp's nest, l\)inpiln.-< sp.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (30) JULY. lS96
234 WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
TetraMticliiis niiororhopalie sp. n.
9 . — Lonjith l-l/i") mm. Ai-iieous-black the i)r()Steriuiin violaceous, the lueso-
iiotum, scutelluin and postscutelliini usually cupreous or greenish ; scape and
pedicel beneath light brown ; flagelluui suhclavate, brown-black, pubescent, the
funicular joints about one and a half times as long as thick, the club much
stouter, ovate, 3-jointed, the Joints very little longer than thick ; all trochanters,
the apical half of the anterior femora, tips of middle and hind fenx^ra and all
tibisE and tarsi, except last joint, pale yellowish white. Wings hyaline, the veins
pale, the marginal vein one-half longer than the submarginal. or three and one-
half times as long as the stigmal. Abdomen conic-ovate, as long as the head and
thorax united, with metallic reflections in certain lights, more decidedly cupreous
towards base.
% . — Length 0.9 mm. Agrees with 9 - except in the antennse and the abdomen :
The scape is much shorter, the flagellum filiform, with long hairs, the joints
being fully twice as long as thick, while the abdomen is oblong-oval, hardly as
long as the thorax.
Hab. — Roslyii, Va.
Described from several specimens bred by Mr. Frank H. Chitten-
den from larva t)f a Coleopteron, MlcrorhojKihi xerene Newm.
Telrastiolius «'hlaniytis s]). n.
9. — Length 11. 25 mm. Blue-black, the axillai. scutellum and postscutellar
ridge with a slight asneons tinge; pedicel seneous; flagellum l>rown-black. pubes-
cent, tlie funicular joints a little longer than thi(rk : knees and all tibise and tarsi,
except last joint, brownish yellow, the trochanters .sometimes, but rarely, pale at
sutures. Wings hyaline, as in previous species. Abdomen conic-ovate, one-third
longer than the head and thorax united.
\, . — Length 0.8 mm. Agrees with 9 • c^^'cpt the auteniiie are entirely light
brown, clothed with long hairs, the last two joints of the funicle being about
twice as long as thick, the anterior joints being shoiter. while the abdomen is
oblong-oval, scarcely as long as the head and thorax united.
Hah. — Roslyn, A^a.
Described from several specimens bred by ^Tr. Frank il. Chitten-
den from the cases of a Coleopteron, (J/i/hiiii/-^ j>/iriff(i Fabi'.
This sj)ecies is closely allied to T. mlcrorhopahv, bnt is readily
di-^tinirnished l)y color and the lonu'er, more acute abdomen. It is
probablv livp('r[)arasitic on Mrtajion riitiijir-t Aslini. al.-jo bred from
tiiis case-bearer l)v Mr. Chittenden.
ERRATA.
Page 181, line :S. for Hlako rmd Vox.
" 190. line 18. for 49c) read i90.
" 190, line 22, for Cress, rmd Nort.
" 190, line 25, for AlKiYPON n-nd A<JltYPOX.
" 190, line 26, for Arsypou pricdiisicut rend A;;ry|>oii puMl !<<»<•»;.
'■ 191, line 14, for Prxdisca read Pwdisca.
" 191, bottom line, for or rend on.
■■ 192, line 27, for abont read about.
193. line .31, for ephestrise read cplicstitp.
•• 195, line 6, for
" 195. line 18, for Fphestria read Fj)l(isfi)i.
" 210, line 3. from bottom, for llciililete<>i rmd Hoiiliteles.
" 214. after line 3 insert I^opliyrocora ■ii^ri<>ep»ii sj). n.
" 215, line 4, for (_;yprus rmil Cypress.
AMERICAN OHTUOl'TERA. 235
o^ iLM\oiN <.iicoisf: LocrNifs.
HY J. L. HANCOCK.
The theory of (le.<i'eiit implies that iiKMlitication of t'onii is ij.i-:i(hi:il,
uikI that iiiteriuediate series have existed between any two i'ornis that
might he chosen. But when c.risfin;/ forms are broiiirlit to<>etlier in
which connecting links ha\'e perished ni'oups can he pia<'ticailv sepa-
rated for convenience. When two forms are in dispute spetMlically
the (leHnite way of determining \vhether they are distinct or not i.s
to observe if they interbreed. This means, oftentimes, a long delay
in confirming the validity of species after new discoveries are made.
We can, iji the absence of such proof, resort to the systematic study
and comparison of characters. The breaking in on the attending
series of evolutionary changes in nature allows, by induction, a dis-
tinction to be made of species by the exclusion of inconstant varia-
tions of structure. A large series of specimens of a common nj)ecies
of grouse locust will illustrate, viz. : 1. A generation of individuals
closely resembling each other, but with structural peculiarities mani-
fest as slight departures in each specimen from the parent ( individual
variation); 2. A group composed of examples in which slight, but
similar lines of departure of structure occur (varieties) ; 3. Another
in which analysis confirms progressive fixation of structure (insipient
or sub-species) ; 4. Lastly, stronger though variable structural pecu-
liarities recognizable as common characters (species). Besides, tiieri'
are atavic; dimorphic forms which are subordinate to si)ecies. The
advent of modern discussions in evolutionary doctrines has made it
particularly important to note the differences or plasticity in the or-
ganism. The contention that constant structural j)eculiarities be
used in separating species leaves out those forms falling under the
classes one to four. There has been a notable indifference to the
grouping and characterization of species now in tlie actual process
of evolving as in those outlined above. In the interest of advancing'-
scientific knowledge their consideration is of much interest. Where
mention is made of " species" is this group, the Tettigidie, we are a
good way along in permanency of characters. The great degree of
variation occurring in the grouse locusts is well known. In so shoit
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. X.Xiri. JULY. 1»96
230 J. L. HANCOCK.
a paper we must leave the subject of tlie stages leaciing up to their
origin to be considered at another time. Some earlier naturalists
separated species on the ephemeral " color characters." As remarked
by Uhler and more recently reaffirmed by others, they are practically
of no classificatory significance. It is on the whole but proper to
speak ])rovisionally where variations are such a constituent part of
the organism that we no sooner are desirous of immortalizing our
iype than forces of evolution mold or modify the characters by
changing the lines of configuration in the monument raised in its
behalf. Such is a picture of the Tettigidse. Members are to be
received tentatively until a careful revison is formulated after the
descriptive stage has been completed in our North America forms.
With reference to the general classification of the grouse locusts,
the excellent special essay by Bolivar,* aside from containing some
confusing statements on North American forms already noted by
Morse, is the most comprehensive work published. The absence of
pulvilli between the claws, the shape of the pronotum, which extends
backwards like a roof over the wings, often extending beyond the
end of the abdomen and the small loboform wing covers (elytra)
distinctly defines the group.
To Brunner De Wattenwyll entomological science is indebted for
elevating the knowledge of the general relations of the Orthoptera
to a much higher |)lane. In his " Revision, "f page 102, this grouj)
is placed as the first of nine tribes constituting the orthopterous
division Acridiodie. The current bibliography in America is replete
with interesting [)apers. Especially noteworthy are articles by A.
P. Morse, which, besides giving biological notes of merit, also note
descriptions of new North American species. The writings of this
author include a synopsis of the Tettigid?e in " Notes on the Acrididie
of New England" " Psyche," October, 1894, and a serial paper (two
articles) on "New North American Tettiginaj" in Mar(;h and Sep-
tember numbers of the journal New York Entomological Society.
Jerome McNeill has contributed some valuable notes in " Indiana
Orthoptera," "Psyche," 1894. W. S. Blatchley has enriched the
literature in a serial pa[)or under the title of " Indiana Acrididie" iu
" Canadian Enton\ologist."
* Essai sur les Acridiens do la tribu des Tettigidse (Ann. de la Soc. Entom. de
Belgiqiic, xxxi. 1887).
t Rc'visidu (hi systeme des Ortlioperes. Genova, 1893.
AMEHKAN ORTHOPTERA. 237
The .subjoined observations on Illinois grouse locusts are accom-
jjanied by original plates. Some evolutionary stages in the mark-
ings of Tcffic are shown, and in this genus a feature is the introduc-
tion of enlarged sketches of the chephalo-dorsal outline. Ov«r
seven hundred specimens in the writer's collection formed the basis
of this paper without mentioning the great store of specimens ex-
amined in the field alive, nund)ering into thousands. That portion
of northern Illinois known as the Des Plaines, and a part of the
Calumet River region in Cook County, formed the central focus of
observations. So far recorded this grouj) of locusts as found here is
given in the accompanying list ; a number are new. Among speci-
mens from M. J. P^lrod and Mr. Adams, of Bloomington, 111., to
whom the writer expresses obligations, there was one new slender
species, described under Tettlx angustm. A series of specimens from
S. W. Blatchley, from Vigo County, Indiana, and a nundier from
A. P. Morse, of Wellesley, Mass., furnished valuable assistance in
making com})ansons.
Gen. TETTIX Charp.
1. T. sfi-aniilatut^ Kirby (Plate VI, fig. 3. 3«).
Cephalo-dorsal outline as shown plate ix, fig. 28. Easily recog-
nized by the angulate character of the vertex.* A uniformity of
structure is common in specimens taken in Chicago, Riverside, and
at Dune Park, Ind. Colors are extremely variable.
Length of body 9 , 15 mm. ; ?> , 12 mm.
Abbreviated variety, 9 I '^ single specimen from Chicago and one
found at Dune Park, Ind., resembles this form, excepting an abor-
tive condition of the wings and pronotum. Wings not passing the
hind femora. The vertex, while angulate, hardly advanced as far
in front of the eyes. Length of body 9 mm.
•2. T. wriiatiis Say (Plate VI, fig. 1, In).
Cephalo-dorsal outline as shown plate ix, fig. 29. Between this
and the form triangularis there is no tangible specific difiference.
The latter is an abbreviated variety (see plate vi, fig. 2, 2a), and
nnich confusion has existed respecting it. In dry open woods in
upland country it often takes on the color phase, bilineata of Harris,
plate viii, fig. 20.
Chicago, Riverside and Rivergrove, 111.
* The Western species is T. incurvatus Hancock. See "American Natui-alist."
August. 1895, p. 761.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JULY, 1896.
238 J. L. HANCOCK.
3. T. angustiis sp. n. (Plate VI, fig. 4, 4a). — Cephalo-dorsal outline as shown
plate ix, tig. 24. Allied to ornatiis ; stature slender, eyes prominent, subglobose.
Head swollen about the eyes, muffled, but slightly, by the pronotum; vertex
broader than an eye. subexcised a trifle in front of eyes, front margin approxi-
mately rec.tanguhir with sides of crown, the latter depressed on forward half,
middle of vertex slightly carinated, barely produced ; frontal costa behind an-
tennsB rounded, advanced normally nearly as far as vertex, excavate sparingly
opposite eyes; ocelli usually visible in profile at margin of deepest point; pro-
notum anteriorly truncate, slender, subtectiform ; dorsum in front above articu-
lation of first leg but slightly constricted, median carina slight, anterior marginal
carina subparallel, short, separated hardly wider than vertex ; lobes small, lower
margin strongly oblicjue, inferior angle in profile subc.onvexed below, sides of
pronotum gently converging as far as knee of hind femora, apical process thin,
extended far backwards, nearly same thickness throughout, terminating rather
acutely, not reaching the end of wings. Legs thin under margin of first, and
both margins of second femur indistinctly scalloped : dorsum of pronotum nearly
horizontal, surface granulated, but not as smoothly as in ornatus or (traniilatuii.
Elytra oblong, surface punctate; face smooth ; carinai of the entire body reduced
generally. Length of body 9) 14 mm. : '^ . 12 mm. ; pronotum J- 1~ nim. ; % .
10.5 mm. : hind femora 9i 5.5 mm. ; 'J, , 5 mm.
Bloomington, 111. (M. J. Elrod), Riverside, 111.
Abbreviated variety. J. — Apical process of pronotum slightly passing liind
knee, not quite reaching end of wings; lobes of pronotum short, inferior angle
strongly projecting laterally, obtusely pointed, sinus immediately above deep.
Length of body 10 mm.
Bloomington, 111. (M. J. Elrod).
4. T. inflsitus sj). n. (Plate VII, fig. 8). — Cephalo dorsal outline as shown
jdate ix, fig. 26. Similar to T. nugustus ; stature more robust, eyes less globose
and smaller. Head oblique, strongly muffled by the front antero-lateral margin
of the pronotum; vertex a little wider in front, perceptibly l>roader behind, not
excised as abruptly, projecting more in front of the eyes, carina of vertex hardly
distinguishable, barely showing in front ; in ])rofile the frontal costa is more
deeply and sharply exc«.vate opposite the eyes almost to their front outline ;
pronotum broader, compact in front, anterior carina oblique, distance apart at the
anterior dorsal margin considerably more than the front margin of vertex ; dorsal
surface between angles of lateral margin slightly swollen, immediately behind
subdepressed, sloping gently backwards to process; median carina thin, almost
obscure, apical process larger, concaved, not reaching end of wings; lobes larger,
more turned out at the inferior margin ; lateral carina', in their front eoui-se
sharply accentuated. Legs strong, anterior femora compressed, slightly carinated
below, second femur subspatulate, distinctly carinated, both margins roughly
scalloped ; surface of dorsum tul)erculate and granulated. Elytra elongate,
punctate, sometimes slightly granulate. Length of body 9i l~-5 mm.; '^,11
mm.; i)ronotum 9,12 mm.; '^,10 mm.; hind femora 9'*»'i""-; 'E . » mm.
Riverside, 111.
AMERICAN ORTHOI'TKHA. 239
5. T. obMCuruM sji. n. (I'laU' Vll, li^rs. !t. !*a iuid 10, 10a). — Cei)hal<i-ili)r.sal
outline as sli(»\vn plate ix. figs. 23 and 25. Diflers from tlie foregoinfi, T. inflatus.
which it most resenil>les. in having stature more slender, hut broader than T.
angustus. The vertex is about as wide, but the pronotum is flattened on the
dorsum, and the lower margins of the lobes strongly distended laterally ; surface
of dorsuiu finely rugose. Wings overreach apical process.
5a. Plate VII, fig. 10, 10a. — Not quite as broad through the shoulders, about the
same length, having the pronotum nearly horizontal and becoming concave pos-
teriorly ; median carina hardly raised between the shoulders, very thin, almost
disiippearing in its backward course to the apex; pronotum not strongly con-
stricted, corrugations but slightly shown ; dorsum not flattened quite as much ; a
short wing form also occurs. As stated above it is not named, jjending further
study. Length 9 1^ m'"-
Riverside, 111.
(). 'I'. gil»l>osu!>i sp. n. (Plate VI, fig. 5, 'mi). — Cephalu-dorsal outline ai-- in
fig. 30, plate ix. Vertex in jtrofile produced, angulate, frontal costa excavate but
little in front of the eyes, the carinated front border of face below bent forward,
rather flattened at the middle, face slightly oblique, eyes prominent ; from above
the small mid-carina of vertex projects plainly from the middle of the excised
front border; pronotum truncated in front, flattened on dorsum, the latter is
broad, with a pronounced anterior dorsal hump between the shoulders, raised
above level of eye; behind the hump the dorsum is sharply depressed, behind
this again a much smaller protuberance, rarely a broken surface follows in profile,
luetlian carina slightly more distinct than the lateral ones; dorsum not uncom-
monly with transverse roughened lines: apical process not greatly lengthened,
sometimes reaching beyond the wings, but oftener not passing the latter; lateral
angles of dorsum strongly projecting over the tegmina ; tegmina witii surface
l)unctate and granulate. Length of body 9> H-"' "i'"- ^ pronotum 9- 10.5 mm.
By contrast with ^n(niihitut< the vertex is strons^ly pointed, and
the frontal costa is sharply excavate. The general color of speci-
mens is often like the ground upon which they find subsistence.
S[)ecial markings occurring in this species is shown in plate viii, figs.
14-20. In recent specimens a tinge of opaque green is often found
with dark mottlings on the sides of the abdomen. It frequents the
more shaded portion of the banks of the Des Plains River, and is
found from early iSpring to late Fall. Flight is not often attempted,
rather preferring to hug the ground closely.
Ablircviated variety. — A slightly smaller form exists with charac-
ters nearly the same, excepting the })ronotum and wings; met with
in the same situations. The pronotum is not extended into such a
slender point Iiehind, the sides are more nearly .straight, very fre-
(piently individuals are found with the tip of the apical process
slightly decurved or distoi'ted, :nid just reaching the end of the
wings and posterior knee. The shortness of the body in this variety
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JULY, 1H96.
240 J. L. HANCOCK.
often gives greater prominence to the dorsal hump in front as well
as making the lateral angles appear stronger, giving specimens a
very unique appearance.
Riverside and Rivergrove, 111.
7. T. fluctuONUM sp. n. (Plate VII, fig. 6, 6a). — Cephalo-dors:al outliue as in
fig. 27, plate ix. Allied to T. gibbon us ; vertex in profile produced into a small
pyriforni prominence in advance of the upper part of the eyes; frontal costa
deeply notched opposite the eyes: the vertex above is about equal to the combined
width of the eyes, flattened and shallowly sunken in front each side of the
scarcely distinguishable mid-carina, the latter just appearing at the cut-off front
border; pronotum truncated in front, flattened on dorsum, rather broad with an
anterior dorsal elevation between the shoulders, depressed behind, lateral angles
strong, sharply carinated and projecting laterally over the base of the tegtuina,
lateral borders of process compressed, apical process tapering and concavely
curving to the end. not reaching the end of the wings. In front the pronotum
is constricted, corrugated and deeply depressed each side of the dorsal hump,
formed into an angular pit pointing inward in the humeral portions; median
carina not distinct, its course behind the dorsal eleviition from before backwards
broken by a succession of very small gradually decreasing protuberances fre-
quently granulated upon their summits; lower border of lateral lobes diverging
and rounded posteriorly below. Body covered with granulations frequently light
in color interspersed with tubercles on the dorsum. Elytra oblong, granulated
and punctate ; angles everywhere accentuated in this form. Length of body 9 .
13 ram. ; pronotum 9, 11.5 mm.
Riverside and Rivergrove, 111.
Here, as in most of the other forms enumerated, a short-wing
form is encountered and assigned a place in plate vii, fig. Gb, and
the cephalo-dorsal outline is figured in figure 27a, plate ix ; vertex
similar to T. Jiactuosus. The })ronotum varies extremely. A speci-
men which forms the basis of these remarks has the dorsal elevation
gracefully molded, raised as usual, but with five granulated protu-
berances marking the course of the median carina of nearly equal
size. The wings do not extend as far as the end of the pronotum,
the latter is almost straight on the sides terminating by an acute
point decurved, distorted and not reaching the })osterior knee.
8. T. <lec'oratus sp. n. (Plate VII, fig. 7, 7a). — Cephalo-dorsal outline as in
fig. 31, i)late ix. Nearly allied to T. glbbosm and flactuosm ; small in stature:
vertex produced much like fluduosus, uiid-cjxrina indistinct, scarcely to be seen
at the cut-off front border; the face is proportionally large; dorsum flattened,
with an anterior hump. Wings extending a little beyond the end of the pro-
notum ; easily mistaken for T. ornatiis, which it resembles nearly in size, but dis-
tinctly different structurally. Length of body f'Hu^ni-
Chicago, Riverside and Rivergrove, 111.
AMERICAN ORTHOPTERA. 241
Abbreviated variety. — Differing only in the abortive condition of
pronotnin and wing?;, whicii do not pass the hind knee; 9. 1^ •"•"•
Gen. PAKATETTIX Hoi.
1. I*. OllOiilIafllN Riuni. (Plate VII. fig. 11, llrt).
The coninionest local form preferring the immediate border of
streams. Chicago, Riverside and Rivergrove, III.
Experiment in hatching young of Paratdtlx cucnlUifux : Aug. 4,
1895, five or six specimens from Riverside were placed in a quart
fruit jar with a little of the soil taken from the margin of the rivei'.
Contentment reigned for a few days, and in the interval they were
constantly seen on the soil ; copulation took place several times,
then they commenced to die off one at a time, as is usually the case
with this very wild species, owing to an inability to adapt themselves
to close confinement. On the night of the 20th, or early morning
of the 21st, dozens of newly-hatched young appeared on the bottom
of the jar; a few were pale yellowish white, the rest have already
taken on the warm gray color of the soil ; fifty-six individuals were
counted. After introducing the adult parent specimens they were
not seen depositing their eggs, but conclude this was done soon after
entering the jar, and sixteen days is the just estimate of the time
required for the full term of incubation. August 21st, at 12.40 p.m.,
while looking in the jar a pale yellowish white, young, 1.5 mm. fell
on the bottom ; a moment later, from a crack in the side of the soil,
another specimen emerged. The eyes at this early stage is reddish
lirown, the only visible color. Rather unsteadily it clung to the
side of the earth while casting off the amnion, which, like a thin
pellicle, enveloj)ed the body. The shedding took place fnTin the
head backwards, finally adhering to the end of the alxlomen for a
few moments before the whole was completely discarded. Three
minutes from this time the young specimen made a vigorous junip
across the jar. At 5.25 p.m. the soil was searched, being carefully
separated, and two masses of eggs were discovered in different situa-
tions in the soil about an inch apart. When the eggs were laid the
ground was v/et and soft, a little pocket was made in one case, a
crack being chosen for the other in which to deposit the eggs about
one- quarter inch below the surface. Two young hatched when the
writer was engaged in examining the last remaining uidiatched eggs
with a hand magnifying-glass ; an opportunity was thus given to
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (31) JULY, 1896
242 J. L. HANCOCK.
observe a few more details to the process. Eggs when first laid are
a creamy white, becoming brownish with age ; it is 1.5 ram. in length,
cylindrical, curved a little and rounded at the ends. The anterior
end is laid pointing upwards ; in those at the top the extremity is
provided with a little sharp point. When the young is about to
make its exit a rent occurs down the middle from before backwards.
In one case the insect simply raised up and backed out to extricate
itself, then shedding the amnion as briefly described above. If there
is ample room for the eggs as there was here, the pressure exerted
within by the embryon bursts the shell at the point of least resist-
ance along the back beginning at the anterior end, but not always
with definite precision. Most of the eggs examined seemed com-
pletely divided longitudinally through the middle, while others
showed that emergence had taken place from forward end, passing
between the neighboring eggs up the shallow burrow. The separate
masses or pods contained approximately thirty eggs each. The
young take on pigment a few hours after hatching and very closely
resemble each other. The progeny at this time is perfectly equipped
to launch into the world about.
Young of Paratettix just hatched from the egg. — Pale yellowish
white, length 1.5 mm. In profile head large, rather swollen, front
margin convexed, summit rounded, angulate ; eyes deep reddish
brown situated high, the crown showing slightly in outline above ;
antennje short, enlarged toward the end with ten articles; pronotum
in the form of small shield about as long as the height of the head,
lightly encroached on the head, cut-ofi" in front, slightly constricted
directly over the attachment of first leg showing as a slight inden-
tation near the anterior dorsal margin ; lobes rounded oflT below in
front, deeply grooved behind, forming a sinus just above and in front
of second leg; pronotum sliced and sloped thin at the sides abru})tly
into small posterior process slightly tilted up at the apex. The
a[)ical end passes back a third of the length of the posterior fenuir ;
median and very small lateral carina present; borders of posterior
lemur convexed. Abdomen extending almost to the posterior knee.
Gen. TET'ri<;il>E.4 Scudd.
1. T. acuta Morse (Plato VII, fig. 13, 13(0.
("liicago and Riverside, 111.
2. T. parvipeiiniM Harris (Tlate VII, fig. 12, 12u).
Until recently this species was designated T. lateralis. Morse
ERRATA.
The oriKiiial drawings of Plates VI and VII were not intended to be reduced.
By mistake a reduction by photographic process was made, causing the lines
above, which indicate the actual length of each species, to be short just three
millimeters.
AMERICAN ORTHOPTERA. 248
(Jouni. N. Y. Ent. Soc. March, 1<S95), after examining specimens
from the Southern States, concludes that Say's species is restricted.
Harris applied parvipeunii to the short-wing variety. Abbreviated
varieties of this and the foregoing species are found at Riverside.
Members of the genus Nomotettix Morse, have not personally been
taken up to the px'esent writing.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES.
PLATE VI.
Fig. 1. Teffix ornatns. Very mucli eiilarfred.
" l'(. " ■' Head aiul pronotniii drawn to .siiialler sealo.
" 2. '■ triti)i<iiiliirix var.
'■ 2ii. ■' " liroiiotiiin and head.
" 3. '■ <iraunl(itus.
" 3(1. " " pronotinn and liead.
" 4. " ami lust ns sp. n.
'' 4«. " " " iironutnni and head.
" 5. '" (jihbosits ii\). n.
'' 5a. " '• " proniitiini and head.
9 sex n.seil througliout in these and folluwinp; figures. Enlarged, original from
nature.
PLATE VII.
Fig. 6. Tettix ftnctHosti>i sp. n.
" 6rt. " " " pronotuin and head.
" 66. " " var. n.
" 7. " decor at ns sp. n.
" 7a. " " " proiiotum and head.
" 8. " infliitiiK s]i. n.
" 9. " obscnran sp. n.
" i)ii. " " " iironotiini and head.
" 10. " " var. n.
" lOo. '■ " ■' pninotiini and head.
" 11. Parutettix culhitu^ Biirni.
" llrt. " " " pronotuin and head.
" 12. Tetfigidea pnrvipennis Harris.
■' 12a. " " " from above.
" 13. " acuta Morse.
" 13a. " " " pronotuin and head.
Fhilarged, original from nature.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JULY, 1896.
244 J. L. HANCOCK.
PLATE VIII.
Markings on the disc of pronotum of Tetiix showing evolution of the pijjnieuted
areas. From specimens iu the author's collection.
Fig. 14. Unmarked, or primitive type.
" 15. Early type of pigmentation.
" 16, 17. 18, 19. Advancing stages of pigmentation.
'■ 17. In this type simultaneous pigment marking in front with the sjiots
further hack.
" 20. Harris' type " Tftrix bilineatn." a variable form of marking of Tettix
ormitiis.
" 21. Young of Tettix, a few days old. showing marking at a.
Figures drawn to uniform scale. 14-19 inclusive, from specimens of Tettix
(jihlmsKs. Enlarged, original from nature.
PLATE IX.
Figs. 2.3-31(;. Cophalo-dorsal outline of diflerent forms of Tettix for comparison.
The figures are self-explanatory, original, from nature, enlarged.
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA. 245
A < I.4f«KIFI<\4TIO\ OF TIIF <;KOnFTiei\A OF
NORTH AHFKICA. WITH DFKC'KIPTIOIVS
OF NK\¥ GE\ERA A:V» $>il>£<'IKS.
HY KEV. GEO. D. HUL8T.
As tlie result of" the work of systematlsts, two methods of ckissifi-
cation are found in our lists and text books. The first is in eonnnon
use in iMirope, and is the system of Lederer. The second is in use
in America, and is the system of Guenee. Lederer's system, pub-
lished in 1853, was far in advance of anything published before him,
and, as based in large part upon structure, has deserved the respect
it has always received. Guenee's system was given a life on this
side of the ocean by the fact that Dr. Packard, in his Monograph,
closely followed it, and that Monograph has made our lists and given
us our names. This system, professedly attempting to cover every-
thing, is exact in nothing, and as a system is absolutely without
worth, and, apart from Dr. Packard's following, has never had any
recognition.
In 1892, Mr. Meyrick pul)lished a "Classification of the Geome-
trina of the European Fauna" (Trans. Ento. Soc. London, 1892,
part 1, pp. 53-140), in which he endeavored to arrange the family
on the basis of invarial)le structure. This classification does not as
yet seem to be adopted, but is, in many respects by far the best yet
proposed, and is the result of wide comparative study and consistent
generalization. It is this system which, in the greater part, I have
followed. And yet I have made in one respect at least a radical
departure from it. Mr. Meyrick lays down as one of the funda-
mentals of his classification the following rule : " No genus, family
or higher group, is tenal)le unless distinctly separable from all others
by points of structure, which, whether singly or in conjunction, are
capable of accurate definition. If a systematist is not able to define
by a clear and not simply comparative character, the distinction
between two genera, he is bound to merge them together." This
rule is a most excellent one, but Mr. Meyrick, in his rigid and con-
sistent application of it, gives it an interpretation not warranted in
[)ractiee, for he makes not difference in structure, but difference in
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JULY, 1896.
246 GEORGE D. HULST.
structure without tlie known existence of intermediate forms in
nature, to be the application of the rule. As a result some of his
genera cover almost subfamily differences, as witness such as Pseudo-
panthera and Crocota. All divisions are artificial in theory, and
accidental in fact, and it is more natural, and it seems to me more
scientific, while using discretion, to consider wide variations in
structure as valid bases for genera even though intermediate forms
may exist which may be referred with equal propriety to one or to
the other.
I have also given more importance to some details of structure
than is given by Mr. Meyrick. As an example, my own experience
leads me to regard the pencil found on the hind tibiae of the males
of many species as a thoroughly reliable point of structure. It may
often be rubbed off, and the groove in which it rests be difficult to
discern, but the structure is not variable in the same species.
There are other structural peculiarities which may modify classifi-
cation in the future. Some of these may be found in the larval and
pupal stages, but, apart from what I have noted, nothing has as yet
been observed which seems reliable. A character in the imago which
may be of greater importance than I have given it, is the peculiar
form of the subcostal vein of hind wings near the base. Prof.
Comstock, who discovered this peculiarity, makes it of family im-
portance. My own observations lead me to believe it cannot be
considered exclusive. First, it is scarcely distinct in some of the
Sterrhinse, and is wanting in some that we must consider true Geom-
eters such as the genera Mccoceras, Melanchroia, etc., as well as some
genera of the Monocteniinae and Strophidiiuaj. On the other hand
the tendency to the basal angulation of the costal vein of the hind
wings seems to me to be as fully developed in some of the Geometri-
form Noctuina, as in the Sterrhiiuie and Monocteniinte, and much
more so than in some other genera. In some of the Catocalce this
angle is clear, though it is apt to be overlooked, as the vein is very
faint, while the vein, which would be vein 9, and which is coincident
with 8 just beyond base is very strong, and is ordinarily regarded
as the only one.
Very considerable use may in the future be made of modifications
of the antennae, based on a form of structure, so far as I know, not
hitherto observed. In the species which have the antenuie bipecti-
nate in the males the position of the pectinations with regard to the
segments upon which they stand is very different. In a very few
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA. 247
(Tiipulu) the anteniue are doubly bi})ectinate, having two pectina-
tions at tlie summit and two at the base of each segment ; this is
also the case with the pectinate species of Erannis, a fact not here-
tofore noticed. In many species the pectinations are at the summit
of the segments, and in others at the base only. This tendency is
shown in the species which do not have bipectinate antennae, as well
as in the females, the tend('n(;y of the ciliations being to gather into
tufts at both suiiiiuit and i)ase as in K('tropl><, etc., or at bottom, or
at top oidy. 1 have not been able to make any exclusive generali-
zations as y(;t, but the Sterrhinie seem thus to separate from the
Geomctriiuc, the former having the pectinations at the bottom, the
latter at the top of the segments. In the Ennominie the species
having the pectinations at the top of the segments generally corre-
spond with those which have the fovea at the base of the fore wings
in the male, but this is not always the case. A few species have
the antennie serrate, and a few others have them flattened and more
or less lamellate ; generally with this structure the antennjc are naked,
at least below. I have found only one instance of unipectinate an-
tennse among our species, and this is the 9 of Gonodontis hijpo-
chraria H.-Sch., but I am not sure that any emphasis can be placed
upon this fact. In most species the pectinations on one side are
shorter than on the other, and in this species in the female the longer
pectinations have apparently just begun, or are just losing their
existence, while the shorter ones have not begun, or have ceased to be.
There are also very considerable differences in the position and
shape of the tibial epiphysis. In many species it is below the middle
of the tibia and short. In others it is above and often reaches con-
siderably beyond the end of the tibia ; sometimes it is considerably
tufted.
The tarsi vary considerably compared with the tibite and witli
each other. They are often spinulated, sometimes strongly so.
These characteristics, so far as my observations go, are compara-
tive only. I have as yet not been able to make use of them in clas-
sification, but suggest their variability that the future student may
make use of them as a larger and better study of material may
warrant.
I have been able to make nothing of the ocelli ; other students
have seen them in a few species, but I have to confess I have never
yet seen the organ developed in a single Geometer, though for the
purpose of study I have bleached hundreds of heads, and in some
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JULY, 1896.
248 GEORGE D. HULST,
species for this very purpose. In a very few cases, however, I have
found the minute rudiments of maxilhiry palpi.
I have endeavored to follow strictly the law of priority in generic
and specific names, and have therefore, without hesitation, taken
Hiibner's genera as given in the Verzeichniss. I have not endorsed
the names of the " Tentamen," as I can find nothing which shows it
to be a publication. It is simply a printed letter, and can have no
authority, because it was written in type. I have, however, noted
where the " Tentamen" names apply, for the convenience of those
who disagree with me in my opinion of their validity.
I have been unable to make very little of the genera of Guenee
and Walker, based upon exotic, mostly tropical material. Their
diagnoses are in the main without exact reference to structure, and
I have been unable to examine their types. I have also made little
use of the genera of some later writers, as the structural basis for
these genera is the position of various veins which is excessively
variable in the same species. The validity of these can only be de-
termined after extensive comparison of structure in the same species,
and in species nearly related.
It was the custom of the French Lepidopterists of former times
to call the group the Phalsenidse, and in this Guenee was followed
by Dr. Packard In his Monograph. Phakeiia, as used by Linnaeus,
is nearly equal to the Heterocera as now used. Geometer was the
name he gave to group under consideration. Fabricius afterwards
ignored this name, and called the group Phahviia, but it is clearly a
synonym, and so neither it nor its derivitives have any standing. I
have given the group superfamily standing, though the most of
systematists may not agree with nie. But as will be seen I give the
group a wider reach than most Lepidopterists.
The Geometrina separate from other groups of the Lepido})tera as
follows : The antennae are never club shaped or fusiform, and they
are thus distinguished from the Rhopalocera, Spliingina, and some
other grou])s. The larva have one or more pairs of the anterior
abdominal legs wanting, and they are thus distinguished from the
Bombycina in the widest reach of that term ; vein 5 of the fore
wings is from or near the centre of the outer margin of the cell, and
they are thus distinguished from the Noctuina. There are only one
or two internal veins to the hind wings, and thus, as well as l)y the
peculiarity of the larva', they are separated from the Microlepidop-
tera. In my judgment their nearest relatives are the Noctuina,
AMKKU'AN LKIMDOl'TERA. 24i)
though in this opinion I have the sympathy of very few, W, indeed,
of any otlier Lepi(h)pteri.sts.
GEOMETRINA.
Synopsis of families and subfamilies.
Hind wings vein 5 present, strong GEOMETKID^E.
Hind wings vein absent, or a fold only ENXOMJD^iC.
HEOMKnUDJE.
1. All wiiifis with vein 5 nearer b than 4 GkomktkiN'^.
Fore or hind winjis with vein 5 at middle of cell, or nearer 4 than 6 2.
2. Hind winfjs vein 8 coalescing with cell to middle, or if separate, joined with
it hy a cross-bar at or beyond middle 3.
Hind wings vein 8 sejiarate from cell or joined at or near base only 4.
3. Frenulum present HydkiomiNjE.
Frenulum absent. Dvsptkkidin^.
4. Hind wings 8 shortly joined with cell at or near base ~\
Hind wings 8 separate from cell (J.
5. Hind wings joined with cell near base, shortly, then rapidly diverging.
8TKRRHIN.*:.
Hind wings 8 joined with cell at base, then sub])arallel with it.
MoXOlTEXIIN.'E.
6. Fore wings 7 separate from both 8 and !) 7.
Fore wings 7 stemmed with 8 and 9 BRKPHiNiK.
7. Fore wings 8 stemmed with 9 Strophidiin.*;.
Fore wings 9 separate from 8 Leuculin^.
ENNOMID.E.
1. Hind wings 8 coalescing with cell at base Fern.\ldeli,ix.k.
Hind wings 8 separate from cell 2.
2. Frenulum pre^sent 3.
Frenulum absent Palvadin.k.
3. Antennte and legs very long; anteniue three-fourths length of fore wings.
MECOCERATINJi.
AntemiiB and legs normal; antenna? never more than two-thirds length of
fore wings 4.
4. Fore wings 7 separate from 8 and 9 ' Melanchroiin.e.
Fore wings 7 stemmed with 8 and 9 Kxxomin.e.
I)v.si"n:Hii)rN.E.
The Dyspteridintc, with the Hydrioniinie, are easily separated from
the rest of the Geometrina by the coalescing of vein 8 of the hind
wings with the cell for half or more of its length, or in exceptional
cases in both subfamilies, where 8 does not coalesce with the cell, it
is joined by a cross-vein to the cell at or beyond its middle. In
both subfamilies vein 5 of the hind wings is developed. The two
TRANS. AM. E.ST. .SOC. XXIII. (32) JULY, 1896
250 GEORGE D. HUIJ5T.
t^ubftiinilies are very closely related, and the absence of the frenulum
merely marks the completion of a tendency shown very distinctly
in the nearly allied genera of the Hydriomin?e, such as on the one
hand Lobophora, Trlchopteryx, etc., and on the other Ahophila,
Paleacrita and Eudale.
Dyspteridin^,
Synopsis of Genera.
1. Antennse of % bipectinate. 1. D.yspteris.
AiitenniP of % not bipectinate 2.
2. Hind wino^s of 9 partly or not at all developed 3.
Hind wings of 9 developed as in % 5.
3. Hind wings of 9 obsolete 7. Rachela.
Hind wings of 9 partly developed, about as long as thorax 4.
4. Tongue present, though weak .5. Opheropt era .
Tongue obsolete 6. Paraptera.
.5. Fore wings with one accessory cell 2. Cyst«'opteryx.
Fore wings with two accessory cells 6.
6. Hind tibia; of % with hair pencil 3. Nyclobia.
Hind tibise of % without pencil 4. C'ladara.
1. DYSPTERIS Hiibn.
Verz. 286, 1818.
Type D. amain Cr.
Palpi short; clypeus not tufted; antennte bij^ectinate in S , sim-
})le in 9 ; thorax and abdomen untufted ; hind tibiie with all spurs
in both sexes; fore wings broad, even, inner margin short, 12 veins,
11 on 10, with one accessory cell ; hind wings 8 not anastomosing
with cell, but joined in both sexes with it by a cross-vein beyond
middle; hind wings of % with vitreous spot along inner margin
near base ; frenulum wanting; venation of % very much distorted,
the cell being very much shortened and drawn in, and veins 1, 2 and
8 obsolete. In 9 2 and 3 are present, 4 widely separate from 5,' 6
and 7 stemmed.
This genus has heretofore been catalogued with the "(ireens" so-
called, but beyond question it has no affinities with them.
Species. — D. ahortivaria H.-Sch.
2. <"YSTEOPTERYX n. gen.
Ty]ie ririihita Grt.
I'alpi sliort, porrect, quite heavily scaled ; front flattened ; antennje
ciliate in l)oth sexes; fore til)i{e iniarmed ; hind tibije with end })air
of spurs only, without hair pencil in % ; thorax and abdomen un-
tufted; fore wings 12 veins, one accessory cell, 6 stemmed witli 7;
AMKRICAN Li:iMl)()PTF.l{A. 251
hind wings 8 witli cell more tluin half its length ; in I there is a
lobe at base along inner margin folded over u])\vards forming a sort
of {)ocket ; frenulum wanting.
Differs from TricIi()j>Trri/.r in having only one accessory cell, and
from Philopdd in that only one pair of s])urs is present on hind
tibiae, and from both in the absence of the frenulum.
Species. — C. virklata (irt.
3. MYCTOBIA n. gen.
Type limitata Wlk.
Palpi moderate, erect ; front not tufted ; antenni« filiform, ciliate
in both sexes; thorax and abdomen untufted ; fore tibi;e unarmed;
hind tibiai with end si)urs only ; in % there is a slight pencil of long
hairs on inner side ; fore wings 12 veins, two accessory cells, 6 and
7 stemmed ; hind wings 8 with cell to beyond middle, (i separate
from 7 ; in ?> there is a folded lobe at base on inner margin above ;
frenulum wanting.
The hair pencil on the hind tibiic of % is rarely met with in this
section of the Geometers. Mr. Meyrick does not consider it a generic
character, regarding it as variable and uncertain, but after nmch
comparison my own opinion is, it can be fully relied upon, and is a
most excellent limitation. liy this Nijdobia is separated from Jjo-
bophora Curt., as well as by the absence of the frenulum.
Species. — ^V. limitata Wlk.
N. fusifasciata Wlk.
4. CXAWAKA n. gen.
Type utroVit urata Walk.
Palpi sliort, porrect, rough scaled ; tongue developed ; front
smooth ; antennie of 1 filiform ; thorax and abdomen smooth ;
hind tibiie with one i)air of spurs in both se.ves, without hair pencil ;
fore wings with two accessory cells, 12 veins, <> with 7 ; hind wings
with folded lobe at base above along inner margin in S ; 8 veins,
6 and 7 separate, 8 with cell to beyond middle; frenulum wanting.
Differs from Nijcfobia in the absence of the hair jjcncil on hind
tibiio of %> ; from Triehopteryx Hubn. in that 8 is joined with cell
in hind wings; from Lobophora Curt, in that it has one ])air of
spurs on hind tibite. From both the latter as well in the absence
of the frenulum.
Species. — C. utrolitunita Walk.
TEANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JULY, 1896.
252 GEORGE I). HULS'T.
5. 01>HI<:R<»I*TI<:RA Hubn.
Verz. 321. 1818.
Type briimafii L.
Palpi short, porrect, slender ; anteniite of S dentate, with fascicles
of hairs on each segment; antenna? of $ filiform; front smooth;
tongue short, weak; hind tibise with all spurs; fore wings of <? 12
veins, one accessory cell, 6 long stemmed with 7, accessory cell large,
7, 8, 9 and 10 arising from at or near its end ; hind wings 8 veins,
8 and 4 widely separate, 5 nearer 4 than 6, 6 and 7 long stemmed,
8 with cell to beyond middle ; wings of 9 partly develo])ed extend-
ing about length of thorax ; body of $ somewhat vermiform ;
frenulum wanting.
It is doubtful whether this species has even been taken within our
limits. I have never seen it myself to be certain of it, but Staud-
inger catalogues it, doubtfully from Greenland.
Species. — 0. boreata Hiibn.
6. PARAPTERA ii. gen.
Type danhyi Hiilst.
Tongue wanting ; [)alpi short, slender; antennae of % with seg-
ments round, even, each with two slender fascicles of hairs ; $ an-
tennse filiform ; clypeus untufted ; thorax and abdomen untufted,
in 9 m<)re closely joined, somewhat vermiform ; hind tibia? with one
pair of spurs only, or very rarely with u})per ])air slightly developed ;
fore wings of % 12 veins, with one accessory cell, 5 nearer 4 than
middle of cell, (i long stenuned with 7, cell large, la and lb both
present, strong; hind wings 5 much nearer 4 than middle of cell, B
and 7 long stemmed, S with cell more than half its length ; 9 with
wings partly aborted, these reaching somewhat beyond thorax, and
being about the size of the ordinary wings on emergence from puj>a ;
frenulum wanting.
Very close to Opheroptera, differing in tongue, antennre of % , and
spurs of hind tibi:e, though in none of these in a very marked
degree.
Species. — 1\ dniibt/l Ilulst, n. sp.
P. llaiib.yi n. sp. % expands IJ6-40 nmj. — Pal])! fiiseous gniy above, edged
with gray to light gray beneath; elypeiis smoky black: anteniue fnseous, ligliter
towards end ; tliorax blacki-sli. with a lining to collar, patagise and ()osterior jwr-
tion of light gniy. Abdomen light gray with a fuscous shade sprinkled with a
few black scales, and with a shade of yellowish on anterior segment. Wings
crossed by a number of evenly sei)arated wavy black lines, the darker or ligliter
A^IKUICAN LKl'IDOPTERA. 253
interspaces fonniiifj hands, and these eolors in general alternating, the extreme
hase being lighter, and tlie two at the middle of the wing being also lighter, but
separated by a black line with a blackish outer shading; the bands beyond mid-
dle become a little broader at costa, so that they become finally parallel with
outer margin, the suhmarginal one being narrow, forming a distinct denticulate
wliite line; other specimens have thorax, abdomen and wings darker, the lighter
spaces being gray and the darker grayish black ; there is also some variation in
the width of the bands, which, from the extreme base, are nine in number; the
veins forming the discal cell are somewhat emphasized by blackish, which is
more prominent on the median. Hind wings with lines corresponding to the
fore wings, but less distinct, becoming obsolete towards base, and with interspaces
more uniform light fuscous, except that the lines have a dark outer shading.
Female varying in colors of thorax and abdomen from light gray to dark fus-
cous, the thorax being the darker, at times almost blackish, and the abdomen
.sometimes annulate with gray. Wings gray, with a deep black band beyond
middle.
Described from four males ami five females, one pair sent by Prof.
Fletcher, the rest from Mr. W. H. Danby, all of these taken by
Mr. Danby at Victoria, Brit. Col., from early in November to about
middle of December. The females seem to vary considerably in
size, some being hardly larger than the $ of Raehela bruceata, while
others are almost as large as the 9 of Erannis tiliaria. The spe-
cific name is given in honor of its discoverer, Mr. Danby.
7 RACHEL A n. gen.
Type bruceata Hulst.
Palpi small, slender; tongue wanting; clypeus rather broad,
.scaled ; antennse % even, each segment with two fiiscicles of hairs
on each side ; thorax and abdomen untufted ; hind tibias with two
})airs of spurs; antennie of 9 filiform, very slightly pubescent;
thorax and abdomen of 9 closely joined, soniev;hat vermiform ;
fore wings % broad, even, 12 veined, la and lb present, strong, 8
widely se])arate from 4, 5 nearer 4 than 6, 6 long stemmed with 7,
10 on 1 1 anastomosing with 9 forming a long accessory cell, 11 from
cell, 12 fi'ee ; hind wings 8 veins, Id and 16 present, strong, 3 and
4 widely sei)arate, (5 and 7 long stemmed, 8 anastomosing with cell
to beyond middle; wings of % almost entirely lacking.
Name given in honor of Mrs. Rachel Bruce, whose husband, Mr.
David Bruce, han done .<() much towards a knowledge of the Lepid-
<>l)tera of the central Rocky Mountain region, and to whom I am
indebted for many favors.
Species. — R. brnceata Hulst.
R. hj/perborea Hulst, n. sp.
R. occidenfa/l.s Hulst, n. sp.
R. latipeunl^ HuLst, n. sp.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. . JULY, IMHf).
254 GEORGE D. HIILST.
R. occidentalis n. sp. — Expands 32-34 mm.
I give this name to an insect of which I have received many
specimens from Victoria, Brit. Col. It is very uniform in appear-
ance, and without doubt nearly related to R. bruceata. It is, how-
ever, in the % uniformly darker on all wings, and the fore wings
have the apex more rounded and the inner margin shorter. The
inner angle is thus broader and the wing more oval in shape. The
9 is blackish gray instead of fuscous.
R. latipennis n. sp. — Expands 28 mm.
I give this name to a species received from California, of which I
have no females. The wings are much broader than in R. bruceata
or latipennis, and the apex much less extended. It has much the
same markings as bruceata, but they are more decided in color the
lines of the hind wings being especially pronounced. In general
appearance it approaches Opheroptem bruniata of Europe.
R. hyperborean n. sp. — Expands 23 mm. Very much in appearance like
E. luHpennia. with narrower wings, the two outer lines quite distinct, the central
band obsolete, and the vestiture more hairy, and uniformly of very much smaller
size.
I suspect this may be a subarctic form of R. bruceata. My speci-
mens of R. hyperborea are all from Alaska, and are very uniform in
size and appearance, and are all smaller than any specimen of R.
bruceata I have ever seen.
HYDRIOMIN^.
The Hydriominje are, with the Dyspteridina^, in the main very
easily and clearly distinguished by the peculiar anastomosing of
vein 8 of the hind wings with the cell. The exceptions, where the
vein is separate, but joined by a cross-bar beyond the middle of the
cell are peculiar, but can in no wise be made another subfamily as
the females are normal. As noticed by Mr. Meyrick the most of the
species with this peculiar structure have the inner margin in the S
with a fold or pocket, and the anterior part seems to be broadened
and the anterior veins separated as a compensation.
A second exception which, as has been seen, I have made a sub-
family is in the case of a few genera where the frenulum is wanting.
This I have called the Dyspteridime, from Dyspteris, the ty])ical
genus.
Another exception which I have j)laced with the Geometrinie is a
genus of the "greens" which ditlers from this subfamily and agrees
AMERICAN LKl'IDOPTKRA. 255
witli the Geometriiiie in the position of vein 5 in the fore and hind
wiiiffs, as well as in other very important particulars. A final ex-
ception is Fernaldella, which is immediately distinguished by the
absence of vein 5 in the hind wings, thus belonging to the Ennomidse.
The venation of one genus {Zenophleps) is very peculiar, 6 and 7
being stemmed and separate from 8 in the fore wings. It is close to
the European genus Oititc/i/sme Hb., and I agree with Mr. Meyrick
its appearance is due to the obsolescence of the posterior wall of
the second accessory cell. It might very properly be made the basis
of a separate subfamily.
In the Hydriomiuie the tongue is with rare exceptions present. In
the fore wings there is generally one inner vein 3 and 4 are separate,
and 12 is free. The position and relations of veins 9, 10, 11 and 12
are very uniform and unvarying. In the hind wings 3 and 4 are
generally separate, and H and 7 stennned. In the description of
genera the general form is understood, unless otherwise noted.
HvDRIOMINiE.
Synopsis of Genera.
1. Fore wings 6 and 7 stemmed separate from 8 28. Zenophleps.
Fore wings 7 stemmed with 8 2
2. Fore wings 11 veins 22. Catoclothis.
Fore wings 12 veins 3
3. Hind tibite with end spurs only 4
Hind tibia; with middle spurs also 6.
4. Fore wings with one accessory cell 14. Cjiyniiiovelis.
Fore wings with two accessory cells 5.
'x Fore tibije clawed 8. Sceli«lac»ntli».
Fore tibiie not clawed *>. AgiH.
6. Fore wings with one accessory cell 7.
Fore wings with two accessoiy cells 18
7. .\ntenna? of % bipectinate 8.
Antennaj of % not bipectinate 10.
8. Vestiture of wings hairy 39. Fsychopliora.
Vestitiire of wings scaly 9.
9. Palpi moderate, scarcely beyond head 17. Veiiusi«.
Palpi long, much beyond head 43. L.Oxifi<loiiia.
10. Hind wings of '^ with lobe at base on inner margin 5. PliilopNia.
Hind wings of T, without lobe at base on inner margin 11.
11. 9 with wings partly or not at all developed 12.
9 with wings developed 13.
12. Segments of abdomen spined 1. Paleaerila.
Segments of abdomen not spined 2. .ilMiphila.
13. Clypeus flat 14.
Clyjieus more or less rounded 15.
TRANS. .\M. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JULY. 1896.
25(3 GEORGE D. HULST.
14. Vestiture of wings hairy, thin 3. Eudiile.
Vestiture of wings scaly, normal 18. Eiicliceca.
15. Abdomen with all segnnints tufted dorsally 16.
Abdomen not with all segments tufted dorsally 17.
16. Fore wings 11 anastomosing with 12 13. Cllloroclystis.
Fore wings 11 separate from 12 15. Tephroclytis.
17. Palpi long ; antennse of % serrate 38. Eurliiii4»oea.
Palpi moderate ; antennsp of % filiform 27. Flemyria.
18. Antennae of % bii)ectinate 19.
Antennae of % not bipectinate 22.
19. Fore wings with hair pencil below near base 26. Neole.xia.
Fore wings without hair pencil below near base 20.
20. Palpi long 21.
Palpi moderate or short 42. Xaulliorlioe.
21. Hind wings 6 and 7 separate 24. I*l»y lace.
Hind wings 6 and 7 stemmed 41. Ersepliila.
22. Hind wings 8 not coalescing with cell, but joined with it by a cross-vein at
middle or beyond, at least in % 23.
Hind wings 8 with cell to middle or beyond 24.
23. Hind wings of % with vitreous spot on inner margin above; i)a]pi erect.
10. IVaiiiiia.
Hind wings without vitreous spot ; palpi porrect- • • -11. Heleropllleps.
24. Fore tibiae clawed at end 25.
Fore tibiae not clawed at end 26.
25. Fore wings of % with fold and pocket on inner margin beneath.
4. EiieeNtia.
, Fore wings of % without fold or pocket 36. Mariii<>|>t('ry.\.
26. Hind wings of ^ with pocket or fold on inner margin 27.
Hind wings of % without pocket or fold on inner margin 30.
27. Hind wings of % with fold forming pocket 9. Carwia.
Hind wings of % with fold only 28.
28. Hind wings of % with fold at base, with hair tuft beneath 29.
Hind wings of % with fold at base, without liair tuft beneath.
7. TallerteK**.
29. Abdomen of % with lateral tufts at end 20. <Joryplii!>«ta.
Abdomen of % without lateral tufts at end. 21. Cal4»calpe.
. i^i[]|. Thorax and front very hairy 40. Triclioclilainys.
■/' ''■■ Thorax and front scaly 31.
31. Fore wings of % with hair jiencil below near base 25. Eu!<itroilia.
Fore wings of % without hair pencil below near base .32.
32. Anal claspers of % large, exserted 23. Pliileroiiie.
Anal claspers of % normal 33.
33. Front flat 19. Ast heiia.
Front more or less rounded 34.
34. Hind wings 3 and 4 stemmed 12. IVy<^terOMea.
Hind wings 3 and 4 separate 35.
35. Thorax, abdomen and wings very closely short scaled. 35. 9IeIaiioptil4»n.
Thorax, abdomen and wings normal .36
36. All segments of abdomen tufted dorsally 16. Kiicy iiiatoge.
One or two basal or generally no .segments of the abdomen tufted 37.
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA. Zi) I
37. AnteniiiK of % serrate 38.
Antenna' of % not serrate 3it.
38. Antennie of %, with fa.scicles of liairs on each segment- .37. Gy|»!«»OohiMm.
Antennje of % ciliate 2U. KiH-lioriii.
39. All winjrs scalloped on outer niarfrins :{;{. TripliOMH.
All wings even, or hind wings only wavj-. 4(1.
40. Antenna; of % flattened .... 41.
Antennse of % not flattened 1"'.
41. Thorax tufted posteriorly 32. Ilydrioiiifiia.
Thorax not tufted posteriorly 34. i'<Kii<»CHl|»e.
42. Antenna! of % with fascicles of hairs on each segment.
30. l*er<*iio|>tilota.
AntenniP of % ciliate 31. 3Ic!>iol(Mi('«i.
1. l».iL,K.\<;KITA Riley.
Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, iii, 273. 187").
Type verudtd Harr.
Tongue wanting; palpi very sliort ; clypeus very broad, untufted,
scaled ; antenna} of % with s^egments swollen, obtusely or bluntly
dentate, with a fascicle of hairs on each protuberance ; those of 9
ciliate filiform; thorax of % with low po.sterior tuft, 9 untufted.
Abdomen untufted, in both sexes with segments armetl with two
rows of spines turned backward, somewhat curved. In 9 thorax
and abdomen enlarged, scarcely se})arated, somewhat vermiform ; fore
tibi;e unarmed, hind tibiie with two pairs of spurs; fore wings of %
12 veins, vein 1 with long furcation at base, discal cell long, (i widely
separate from 7, 10 and 11 from cell, accessory cell large; hind
wings 8 veins, 3 widely .separate from 4, 5 much nearer 4 than mid-
dle of cell being in this respect quite noctuiform, 6 and 7 separate,
8 anastomosing with cell to beyond middle : 9 wingless; larva with
10 leg.-.
The genus is remarkable for the spinulation of the abdomen in
which resj)ect it agrees with only one or two genera in the Ennomimv.
It is closely allied to Alxojtliiln Iliib.
Species. — P. vmidin Harr.
± AI.KOFIIII.A Iliih.
Verz. 320, 1818.
Type sesadana Schif.
Anisojiteri/x Stei)li., Cat. 116, 1829, type wxcidarin Schif.
Palpi very short, slender; tongue wanting; front l)rii:i(l, smootli ;
antennae subdentate, with a fascicle of hairs on suminii (if cacli den-
tation ; thorax and abdomen untufted, in 9 closely joined somewhat
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. (;J3) JULY, 1896.
258 GEORGE D. HULST.
vermiform; hind tibiae with all spurs; fore wings of S 12 veins,
two strong inner veins, 3 and 4 widely separate, cell large ; hind
wings 8 veins, 8 and 4 widely separate. 5 at middle of cell, 6 and 7
stemmed, 8 with cell to beyond middle ; wings of $ nearly or quite
wanting ; larva 12 legs.
Mr. Meyrick calls this genus Erannis Hiib., but it seems to me
incorrectly. Hiibner's genus Eranim has four species under it,
three of which, and these are the first in order, are congeneric, and
therefore typical of the genus, and there can be no question this was
his intention. DefoUnria is the type species ; another genus of Hiib-
ner, Alsophila, has as its type (escularla Schif., and this is congeneric
with the fourth species under Enmnis. There can be no doubt as
to the application and limitations of the two terms. Latreille ap-
plied the name Hi/herni<i to Hiibner's Eranms, but it is a synonym
only. Stephens, in his catalogue of British insects, ap{)lied Erannix
to that to which Hiibner gave the name Alsophila, and this has
made confusion. But both of Hiibner's genera must stand as there
is no doubt concerning his meaning, Hybeniia Latr. being a synonym
of Erannis and Aiilmptenjx Steph. being a synonym of AlmpJnla.
I cannot agree with Mr. Meyrick in his reference of this genus to
the Monocteniinre. The most chai'acteristic venation is the merging
of vein 8 of hind wings with the cell. If this is to be ignored, the
lack of the accessory cell would be no more reason why it should be
placed with the Monocteniinse than with the Ennominje. If its place
be not here, as I have no doubt it is, then in view of its various re-
semblances to Enoiiii.s in Hiibner's sense, it ought to go with the
Ennomiinse.
Species. — A. pometaria Peek.
3. EUOlTLiE Hiib.
Ziitr. ii, p. 14. n. 127.
Ameria Walk., C. B. M. pt. 2, 554.
Eiiphfiupssa Pack., Pri)C. Ent. Soe. Phil, iii, 102. Tyj)e luendicit Wlk.
Palpi short, slender, long liaired below; tongue developed ; front
flat, smooth ; antennjc of S closely filiform. Abdomen slightly
tufted at end ; hind tibiae with all spurs. Wings broad, even, semi-
hyaline, vestiture thin and hairy ; fore wings 12 veins, one accessory
cell very large, 6 stemmed with 7, 8, 9 and 10 from a point, oi- nearly
so ; hind wings 8 veins 8 and 4 widely separate, 6 and 7 stemmed, 8
with cell nearly its whole length.
AMERICAN LEPIDOI'TKRA. 259
Species. — E. mendica Walk.
E. meridiaud Slo.s.-^on.
E. unicolor Robs.
E. texana Fronch.
■1. EirC'ESTIA Hub.
Verz. 322. 1818.
Type spartiata Fuesl.
I.ithostcfie Hub., Verz. 337. 1818, t.vi)e dnplicata Hiib.
Aplocera Steph., Cat. 141. 1829, l.vi)e phiifiatd \j.
Aniulix Dap., Hist. Nat. viii, 3.^0, 1829, type pUuiinfa L.
Chesiiis Dup., Hist. Nat. viii, 497, 1829,, type spartiata Fues.
Palpi moderate, heavily scaled, porrect ; clypeus rounded, j)n)ini-
nent ; anteniue ciliate iu both sexes ; thorax and abdomen untufted ;
fore tibite with a stout claw, tibiae short, stout; hind tibiie with all
spurs; fore wings 12 veins, two accessory cells, 6 and 7 stemmed ;
hind wing 8 with cell more than lialf its length ; in the % there is
a transparent fovea near base along inner margin beneath, boi-dered
by a mend)raneous ridge forming a sort of pocket.
Species. — E. rofanddtd Pack.
5. I>IIII.<>1>SIA n. gen.
Type mvi(jenita Walk.
Palpi short, somewhat drooping ; front flattened, smooth ; antenuio
flattened, simple, minutely pubescent ; thorax and abdomen untufted ;
fore tibite unarmed, hind tibite with all spurs; fore wings 12 veins,
one accessory cell, 6 short stemmed with 7 ; hind wings 8 with cell
more than half its length, the wings in S with a lobe at base along
inner margin ; this lobe joined at ba.se is separate from the main
wing towards its end, and o and 4 are widely separate, as are 6 and
7 ; in 9 '^ is clo.se to 4, (5 and 7 sepai'ate.
Differs from Trlchoptcnjx lliib. in having only one accessory cell,
and in the fact that it has two pairs of spurs on hind tibite. In the
former respect it ;dso differs from Lobophora Curt.
Species. — P. nicii/erata Wlk. (inteiiualiata Pk.)
6. .\CiJI A 11. aen.
Type eburata Hulst.
Palpi moderate, ascending ; front smooth ; antennte filiform, ciliate
in both sexes ; thorax and abdomen untufted ; fore tibite unarmed ;
hind tibite with end spurs only, and in % with hair pencil; fore
wings 12 veins, two accessory cells, (i tiud 7 .stemmed ; hind wings 8
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JULY. Ia96
260 GEORGE D. HULST.
with cell to beyond middle, G separate from 7 ; in % there is a folded
lobe at base on inner margin above ; frenulum present.
Very close to Nyctobia, differing mostly in the presence of the
frenulum. It is separated from Lobophora in having only one pair
of spurs on hind tibite of % . From Talledega it differs in having
a hair pencil on hin^ tibiae of % .
kSpecies. — A. eborata Hulst, n. .sp.
A. eborata n. sp. — Expands 25 mm. Palpi loiio;, slender, drooj)ing, black,
a few white scales on extreme tip ; front fuscous gray ; thorax ocher fuscous,
bitufted posteriorly on each side dorsum, each tuft black in front. Abdomen
blackish gray, interlined, the first segment nearly black; fore wings whitish
ocher, a black basal line angulated at cell ; a broad median blackish band con-
sisting of black scales irregularly mixed with scales of ground color, somewhat
definitely limited on either side by black lines which are not continuous; inner
line dentate, marked outwardly with jet-black dashes on veins; outer line scal-
loped, marked inwardly bj- jet-black dashes on veins, separated from correspond-
ing dashes of median line by a central cross-line of ground color not sharply
defined ; the ground color divides the outer line at base of vdns 3 and 4, forming
a deep narrow sinus; the ground color also prevails narrowly behind subcostal
vein : two submarginal lines of black dots one on each vein, the whole space
clouded with blackish scales; hind wings even fuscous, with a faint extra discal
darker line, edged outwardly with lighter fuscous; beneath fuscous, somewhat
clouded, an outer lighter band parallel with margin showing on fore wings, and
an extra discal darker band sliowing on hind wings.
Mitchell County, North Carolina, July, from Mr. Philip Laurent.
7. T.4L,LEDEG/\ n. gen.
Type montanata Pack.
Palpi short, porrect, or drooping ; front flat, short scaled ; antennse
filiform pubescent ; thorax untufted. Abdomen with slight tufts on
segments ; fore tibia? unarmed, hind tibiae with two pairs of spurs,
without hair pencil ; fore wing.s 12 veins, two accessory cells, (j
scarcely stemmed with 7 ; hind wings 8 vein.s, the inner margin in
the S being folded ov^er above, and this fold separated from wing
to base i'orming thus a detached piece over the posterior part of the
wing; venation conse(iucntly distorted ; 8 joined near base to cell,
and coincident to beyond middle.
Very like L(>b<jj)hora Curt., differing in the absence of hair pencil
OH iiind tibiie <»f S .
iSpecies. — T. montauida Pack.
T. tubalata Hulst, n. sp.
T. tabillalst n. sp. — Expands 28 mm. Aliout the size, and wings about the
shape of 7'. mimtanata Pack., to which, in apjiearai^ce. it is closely related ; palpi,
head and thorax blacikish gray. Abdomen more fuscous ; fore wings of a light
AMERICAN LKl'lDOl'TKRA. 261
clear {iniy. peppered with black atoms basallyand along costa; three subquadrate
l)hickish costal blotc-hes not sharply defined, basal, central and outwardly in the
places corresponding to the cross-lines of L. montanata ; these are not followed by
any indications of cross-lines or of rows of spots across the wings; discal spots
large, black, distinct, lengthened as in L. montanata ; hind wings even, glistening
white, with dark discal spots; beneath light bright gray, the markings of the
lure wings faintly showing.
Alert Irtliind, Alaska. Difiering from T. montanata mostly in the
decided ditf'erenee of the ground color, the lack of black dots on the
veins of I'orc wings, and the lack of the lines or rows of dots across
the fore wings. The lobe on the hind wings of the %> is also some-
what different in structure.
8. Sri:i.lI>At'A\TII.\ u. gen.
Type triseriata Pack.
Palpi moderately long, ascending, heavily scaled ; clypeus scale
tufted, rounded, projected forward below ; antennae simple, flattened,
finely and evenly pubescent below ; thorax and abdomen untufted ;
fore tibia* .short, armed at end with prominent claw ; hind tibiie with
one pair of spurs; fore wings two accessory cells, 12 veins, 6 short
stemmed with 7 ; hiud wings vein I wanting, its place being taken
by a basal lobe beneath, 8 and 4 sej)arate, H and 7 stemmed, 8 start-
ing wide from cell, joining it one-third out, then coincident with it
nearly to eni\.
Differs from Eiiccsfla Iliil). in having one pair of .spin's on hind
tii)i;e.
8})ecies. — .S'. triseriata Pack.
JS. virgin ata Graef.
9. CARS I A Hub.
Verz. 336, 1818.
Type pnhidata Thun.
Larissa Curt., Brit. Ent. vii, 324, 1830, iy\Mi poliidata Thun.
Celmn Steidi.. Ills. iii. 242, 18.31, type ;Ke/!«/a/rt Thun.
Palpi moderate, porrect ; front somewhat prominent; antennse
filiform, ciliate in both sexes; thorax and abdomen untufted; fore
tibiai unarmed; hind tibi.'e with all spurs; fore wings 12 veins, two
accesst)ry cells ; hind wings with cell to beyond middle ; in % with
a trans{)arent fovea near base along inner margin, bordered with a
membraneous ridge forming a pocket, (i and 7 stemmed.
Species.— f. paliidata Thun.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. JULY, 1896.
262 GEORGE D. HITLST.
10. XAXXIA n. geu.
Type refitsatd Wlk.
Palpi erect ; front fliit, short scaled ; aateniiie in % fasciculate
pubescent ; thorax and abdomen untufted ; fore wings broad, rounded,
12 veins, two accessory cells ; hind wings 8 joined with cell hy cross-
vein beyond middle in both sexes, 6 and 7 stemmed ; in % there is
a fovea beneath along inner margin, about one-third out from base ;
fore tibiae unarmed ; hind tibiae Avith all spurs and without hair
pencil.
Near Hetercrphleps H.-Sch., but sufficiently distinct in the erect
palpi and the presence of the fovea in hind wings of % .
Species. — N. refusata Wlk. (harveiata Pk.)
JV. morenmia Hulst, n. sp.
N. morensata n. sp.— Expands 30 mm. Palpi and front dark sordid fus-
cous; antennae a little lighter; thorax same celor as front, but with ends of
patagite lighter, becoming almost dull white at extremities. Abdomen dark fus-
cous, but clearer in color, segments edged with somewhat light color; fore wings
sordid fuscous, unevenly and irregularly broken with lighter shadings, which can
be traced as indistinct indeterminate broadish cro.ss-lines, the outer one most
apparent, yet very indeterminate, well out towards the margin and parallel with
the outer edge of the wing; marginal space and base more solidly of the ground
color; fringe of the color of the outer part of the wing at base becoming wiiitish
at outside; hind wings a little lighter than fore wings, of the same obscure,
somewhat broken fuscous, somewhat darker outwardly, with a darker marginal
line; fringes as on fore wings; beneath on all wings lighter and clearer, more
even in color, darker outwardly, with the extreme edge lighter and ochreous
shaded, this color showing along costa and on apical space of fore wings.
One $ , Wisconsin, from Mr. F. Rauterberg.
11. HETEROPHL.EPS H.-Sch.
Auseur. Schmet. p. 80, 1855.
Type trignttata H.-Scli.
Palpi short, fine, porrect ; tongue strong ; clypeus fine scaled,
slightly bulging; antennjie of % with two fascicles of hairs on each
segment; thorax and abdomen untufted; fore wings 12 veins, two
accessory cells, 6 separate from 7 ; hind wings S 6 veins, 1 and 2
wanting, 6 widely separate from 7, inner margin of wing with the
edge folded over upwards without vitreous fovea ; in 9 8 veins, 6
and 7 close together, the wings without fold ; in both sexes 8 not
anastomosing with cell, but joined beyond middle with a cross-vein.
Species. — H. trujuttaria H.-Sch.
AMERICAN LKl'IDOl'TKRA. 2()0
12. NYCTEROSEA n. gen.
Type brunneipennix Hulst.
Palpi in(i(l('i-at('ly loiii^, porrect or droopiiiii ; antennje simple, Avith
fascicles of hairs two on each sci^nieiit. Abdomen with segments
tufted. Legs rather long, hind tihiic with two pairs of spurs; fore
wings 12 veins, two accessory cells, 6 short stemmed with 7 ; hind
wings small, tS vein.s, cell rather short, o and 4 stemmed, (i and 7
stemmed, 8 with cell nearly its whole length.
Species. — X. bnnut.cijjeiiti.is Ilnlst, n. s[).
iV. briiiiiK'ipoiiiiiM n. sp.— Expands 27 mm. Palpi, liead and antcnnje
fuscous : tlionix and alxlomen ochreous fuscous, tlie ochreous tint more decided
on tlie al)domen ; fore wings oclireous brown crossed by a number of mostly sub-
l»arallel wavy cross-lines; two of these are near the base, another about one-third
out. and following this on middle field two separate at costa and narrowing
towards inner margin, whose undulations are opposite to each other ; these inclose
a blackish spot irregular in outline, extending from costa to below submedian
vein, and again a])i>e,irs in a rounded blackish spot near inner margin ; after two
faint scalloped lines is one darker, more sharply outlined, the line being more
emphasized below middle, and there at veins 3, 4 and 5 followed by faint whitish
spots; the brown of the wings is also more decided in this part of the wings;
faint marginal shadings with a blackish suhajjical cloud running inwardly and
posteriorly, this having on its outer margin two or three faint whitish spots;
hind wings concolorous with fore wings, but lighter anteriorly and basally, with
t wo faint blackish middle cross-lines ; another still further out edged with whitish,
and a i-ow of faint whitish spots in the brownish submarginal space; a marginal
l)roken black line on all wings; beneath very much as above, but the central
cloud of fore wings wanting and the cross-lines more indistinct or lost altogether,
except the outer central one on both wings.
( )ne % , Alameda County, California. Vyy Dr. C. V. Kiley from
the U. S. Museum collection.
1.3. <'IIIiORO«"I.YSTIS Hub.
Verz. 323, 1818.
Type coroniita Hiib.
Palpi moderate, porrect ; tongue develoj)e(l ; front with short tuft
of scales ; antenn;e of S filiform, ciliate ; thorax smooth. Abdo-
nicn witli tuft dorsallv on each segment ; hind tibiae with two pairs
of spurs; fore wings one accessory cell, 12 veins, 11 anastomosing
with 12; hind wings 0 and 7 stemmed, 8 with cell to beyond miildle.
Difiers from Tephroclystis {Euplthecia) in that vein 11 of fore
wings coalesces with 12.
Species. — C. lnco)ispicua Hulst, n. sp.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. JULY. 1896.
264 GEOR(iE D. HULST.
C. iiiconspiciia n. sp. — Expands 22 mm. Head, thorax and abdomen dull
dark fuscous, fifth segment of abdomen with black tuft. Wings somewhat ex-
tended, hind wings scalloped; fore wings with basal geminate line beginning at
costa one-quarter out, and ro".inding to inner margin at base; an outer heavier,
geminate, black wavy line beginning three-quarters out, running to inner margin
a little more inwardly than line of outer margin of wings, its largest bend being
just beyond discal spot, which is round, black, distinct : a marginal row of black
dots; hind wings with two faint outer lines; marginal line black, fine; discal
spot almost obsolete ; beneath fuscous overlaid with a powdering of darker fuscous
scales.
California. I have tlie 9 only.
14. OYMNOCEI.IS Mab.
Ann. Soc. France, p. 77, 1869.
Type pumilatn Hiib.
Pasiphila Meyr., Trans. Ent. Soc. London, pt. 3, 191, 1888, type lepta Meyr.
Palpi moderate, porrect ; antennae of S filiform, ciliate ; tongue
developed ; front with cone of scales ; thorax smooth. Abdomen
with dorsal tufts on each segment ; hind tibite in both sexes with end
pair of spurs only; fore wings 12 veins, one accessory cell, 11 some-
times anastomosing with 12 ; hind wings 6 and 7 stemmed, 8 with
cell to beyond middle.
Differs from Tephroclydl^ in that there is but one pair of spurs on
the hind tibite.
Species. — G. mferior Hulst, n. sp.
G. gypsata Grt.
G. desperata Hulst, n. sp.
G. minuta Hulst, n. sp.
C». inferior n. sp. — Expands 20 mm. Palpi rather short, stout, dark fus-
cous; thorax and abdomen dark fuscous, basal segment of abdomen blackish;
fore and hind wings even dark fuscous with a slight brownish tint ; fore wings
with a basal rounded black line, a geminate discal line bent sharply at and in-
cluding discal spot, with an inward angle at submedian vein, then with another
bend around to margin, an extra discal line beginning at costa Just beyond discal
spot, making an angle a little less than a right angle beyond discal sjiot, thence
in a straight line to inner margin ; an outer submarginal shade ; hind wings with
two faint extra discal, dark, rounded lines; discal spots dark, not distinct ; mar-
ginal lines broken, black; beneath even dark smoky fuscous, the hind wings
showing somewhat darker on basal half.
California. From Hy. Edwards.
G. desperata n. sp. — Exj)ands 17-19 mm. Palpi medium long, heavy,
blackish ; front dark gray, black below, conical tufted ; thorax black by collar,
otherwise light gray. Abdomen gray, second basal segment blackish ; fore wings
whitish, costal edge blackish, more pronounced at beginning of cross-lines ; two
AMEKICAX 1>EPII)<)1>TERA. 2()")
suh()l)S(>leto basal Hues : an even, broad, black line reaching from costa outward
nearly to discal spot, then turning back at an angle a little more acute than a
right angle, straight to inner margin ; a faint line bending just beyond and
around discal spot; an outer well-marked black line; outer space broken, dark
fuscous; hind wings with black band of fore wings extended close to base across
the wing meeting the black second segment of abdomen ; outer lines also present
to correspond with fore wings; all discal spots and marginal lines distinct black ;
beneath more fusc«us. the middle band absent, the outer lines showing.
Bianco County, Texas, October.
<jj. iiiiiiiilsi M. sj). — Expands 15-17 mm. Paliii rather short, (juite stout,
dark gray: front blackish or dark gi'ay above and below, white in middle;
thora.x and abdomen light gray, the latter blackish gray on second segment; fore
wings rather extended, light gray or whitish, darkened with bluish or dark fus-
cous scales showing especially on outer middle and marginal spaces forming
between them a light cross-line, often indistinct, forming nearly a right angle
beyond discal spot and running thence straight to inner margin ; marginal line
fine, black ; discal spot black, distinct; hind wings whitish, cross-lines very faintly
indicated a little darker along inner margin : marginal line black; discal spots
not very distinct; beneath light cinereous, slightly shaded with darker color.
Argus Mountains, California, April. From Dr. C. V. Riley.
1.5. TEPIIROrLYSTIS Hiib.
Verz. 32.3, 1818.
Tyi)e piufillntn Fab.
Di/scymatuge Hiib., Verz. 324. 1818, type innuttita Hiifn.
Tarachin Hiib., Verz. 324, 1818, type castigata Hiib.
Arci/onia Hiib., Verz. 335, 1818, type venosata Fab.
Lencocorn Hiib., Verz. 325, 1818, type succentnriata L.
Enpithecio Curt.. Brit. Ent. ii, 04. 1825, type Ihinriafn Fab.
Palpi short to long, slender to heavy, })orrect or drooping ; front
not strongly tufted ; antcnnie filiform, ciliate in both se.xos ; thorax
untufted. Alxlonien witli tuft on each segment dorsallv ; fore tibiie
unarmed, hind tibiie with all s[)urs; fore wings 12 veins, two acces-
.-^ory cells ; hind wings 8 with cell to beyond middle, (> and 7 separate
or stemmed.
A large genus as defined, consisting mostly of small sj)ecies. The
.species so gradually merge into one another in structure, and are .so
largely midway between the extremes that I have not attempted any
closer limitations, and so do not give a more exact generic diagnosis.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (34) AUGIST. 1S<((J.
266
GEORGE D. HULST.
Species : —
T. mistiirata Hnlst, n. sp.
T. nebiilosa Hulst, n. sp.
T. scriptaria H.-Sch.
T. implicafn Wlk.
T. luteata Pack.
T. hi/perhoreata Stgrr.
T. edna Hulst. ii. sp.
T. ornata Hulst. ii. sp.
T. miserulafa Grt.
T. interrupto-fasciata Pack.
T. leucata Hulst, n. sp.
T. inornata Hulst, n. sp.
T. alhicapitata Pack .
T. rotundopennata Pack.
T. annulata Hulst, n. sp.
T. flamqutta Hulst. n. sp.
I', coloradensis Hulst, n. sp.
T. sierrse Hulst, n. sp.
T. cretata Hulst. n. sp.
T. absynthiata L.
T. fnmosa Hulst, n. sp.
T. longipalputa Pack.
T. mxsfona Hulst. n. sp.
T. nimhicoJor Hulst, n. sp.
T. sygasdenafa Pack.
T. nimbosa Hulst, n. sp.
T. lougidens Hulst, n. sp.
T. multufrigafa Hulst, n. sp.
T. midtiscripta Hulst, n. sp.
T. steUata Hulst, n. sp.
T. obscurior Hulst. n. sp.
T bimttata Hulst, n. sp.
T. behrensata Pack.
T. unicolor Hulst, n. sp.
T. subapicata Gueu.
T. cestata Hulst, n. sp.
T. nevadata Pack. ,
T. implorata Hulst, n. sp.
T. raveoco.ifidiata Pack.
T. mistiirata n. sp.— Expands 16-18 mm. Palpi medium long, rather
heavy, dark fu.scous; front, thorax and abdomen fuscous gray; fore wings rather
narrow, dark fu.scous gray; an indistinct blackish rounded band within discal
spot, and a faint blackish line rounded beyond it, this sometimes showing in
blackish spots only on veins; discal spots black, distinct; hind wings a littl(>
lighter than fore wings, darker outwardly, a faint dark line beyond discal spot
and another submarginally ; beneath dark fuscous, the outer lines showing on
all wings, the basal lines of fore wings showing by s]M)ts on <H>stii.
Soda Springs, California, in August and September, from Dr.
Behrens ; also from Hot Springs, New Mexico, in September.
T. nobiilo^a n. s]).— Expands 18 mm. Palpi with black and fuscous scales
intermixed ; thorax dark fuscous. Abdomen blackish, interlined with blackish
gray ; fore wings rather narrow, rounded at apex, dark fuscous gray, slightly
frosted, with very faint indications of cro.ss-lines on median field, a faint, .slightly
lighter bent band beyond discal sjwt, and a faint whitish marginal line showing
mostly in a lightening of the veins; hind wings color of fore wings, lighter
basally, inner margin checkered with beginnings of otherwise obsolete lines;
discal spots on all wings distinct, black, rather large; beneath lighter in color,
with dark cross-lines ((uite distinct, especially at beginning on costa, the extra
discal forming a large black spot on (!osta ; all discal spots enlarged, somewhat
diffuse.
New York, New Jersey, Texas. The Texas specimens taken in
April and May.
T. ediitt n. sp. — Exjjands 20 •22 mm. Palpi, front, tliorax and abdomcTi
clear blai'k, slightly mixed with gray seniles. Wings light gray, much overlaid
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA. 2()7
with hhu'kisli, rouiuled. with intier li^litor line; the band is broiid. rounded at
disc, nearly the same width across the wing; outer space blackish, with lighter
included scalloped line ; marginal line black ; hind wings with extra discal black
lino, strongly bent beyond discsil spot ; outer margin blackish, discal spots black,
distinct on both^wings. though less conspicuous in the blackish band of fore
wings : beneath with markings above shadowed ; hind wings white, with rounded
black line beyond disc and along margin.
Glenwood Springs, Colonido. From Dr. Barnes, taken Aiignst
18th; also from Mr. Bruce.
T. ornata n. sp. — Expands 18-22 mm. Very much in appearance in some
specimens as T. edna Hulst. Palpi, however, very long, beak-like, while in
edna they are moderate; outer line of median field rounded, wavy, while in
edna it is much straighter; middle field generally not strongly marked with
black, while in edna it is strongly marked and often a broad black band.
Tlie two species both vary very considerably in de|)th of color
and to some extent in the direction of the outer lines, but are easily
distinguished by the difference in the length of the palpi.
Colorado, Mr. Bruce; also from Dr. Barnes from (Jlcnwood
Springs, Colorado ; taken in August.
T, Iciicata n. sp. — Exjiands 20 mm. Palpi middling long, ocher fuscous-
front tufted, clay-white : thorax and abdomen ocher white, with a considerable
fuscous stain; all wings nearly uniform dull white, with numerous cross-lines,
mostly made up of black dots on veins, these showing in lengthened black spots
along costa of fore wings, seven or eight in number, three being much larger
and more distinct than the others, and all these being at the beginning of cross-
lines and more or less evident across the wings; discal spot of fore wings black,
distinct, margin with an ocher tinge; marginal line of black dashes; beneath as
above, but less distinct.
Montana, Colorado.
T. iiioriiata n. sp. — Expands 17 mm. Palpi short, slender, fuscous: front
and thorax f-jscous. Abdomen gray, slightly fuscous, somewhat ochreous at ex-
tremity; all wings somewhat silvery white; fore wings shaded with fuscous on
basal half and along costa: about six heavier shadings along costa, the beginnings
of otherwise obsolete bands; hind wings shaded with brown fuscous cloudings
forming indistinct cross-bands; dis(^al spots wanting; beneath whitish, botli
wings shaded with fuscous cloudings and the costa of fore wings narrowly black
on b'lsal tiiird ; discal spots obsolete.
Mitchell County, North Carolina, July 7th. From Mr. Ltiurent.
T. aiiiliilafa n. sp. — Expands 22 24 ram. Palpi fuscous ochreous; thorax
and abdomen dark fu.scous ; fore wings fuscous brown; all veins brokenly and
finely lined with black, annulate, heavier on the inner side; outer space darker,
enclosing lighter scalloifed line, paiallel with outer margin; hind wings light
fuscous at base, darker towards outer margin, anal veins slightly lined with
black; beneath dark fuscous, with l)ro\vnisli tinge; all wings darker outwardly ;
discal si)ots distinct.
Exact locality unknown, but })r(ib:il»ly from California.
TKANS. AM. KNT. .SOC. XXIll. ALGUST, 1896.
268 GEORGE D. HULST.
T. fluviguttu n. sp. — P^xpands 24 mm. Palpi short, blackish ; front black-
ish ; front of thorax blackish ; patagite and pcsterior part violet-ocher to violet.
Abdomen with basal segment ocher, then blackish, at extremity becoming violet-
ocher. Wings rather extended, fuscous, lines scarcely evident, except double
outer line, which is quite clear, rounded beyond discal spot ; beyond this at veins
3 and 4 is a large ocherous spot reaching to outer margin, and above this an ob-
lique spot of same color running somewhat narrowly from about vein 5 to outer
margin just below apex, both spots faiutly violet shaded ; the base of the wing
has also a violet-ocher color, as have faintly the ends of the veins along outer
margin; hind wings fuscous, darker outwardly; all discal spots black, distinct;
beneath much as above, without ocher or violet color, more leaden ; hind wings
with two outer rows of black dots on veins.
Colorado. From Mr. Bruce.
T. <-oloradensi$$ n. sp. — Expands 24 26 mm. Palpi and front dark fus-
cous; thorax fuscous anteriorly, gray posteriorly. Abdomen fuscous, tufts and
last segment blacki.sh ; fore wings fuscous, strongly washed with ochreous brown,
especially within submarginal space ; a rather broad, heavy, dark, rounded line
close to base, a broad line at discal spot, distinct at costa including and angulated
at discal spot, lost before reaching inner margin, extra discal shadings beyond
following the same course, the ocher-brown becoming somewhat reddish brown
near marginal space, which is darkly shaded, broadest at apex and narrowing to
a line at anal angle; marginal line black, broken at veins; hind wings fuscous
gray, faintly shaded in dai'ker scalloped lines, the outer margin somewhat
rounded in beneath anterior angle ; beneath more indistinct than above on fore
wings, the ocher and brown nearly lost, the hind wings light gray with three
quite distinct cross-lines, intra discal. extra discal and submarginal ; margin of
all wings blackish, separated by veins.
Colorado. F"rom ^Ir. E. L. Graef.
T. sierrse u. sp. — Expands 24 mm. Palpi l)lackish fuscous; front dark fus-
cous gray ; thorax dark fuscous, with a yellowish tinge; fore wings fuscous with
scattered black scales, with ocher shading subcostally, apically and within outer
line on middle of wing; basal line wavy, indeterminate, consisting apparently
of several parallel lines, making together a faint band much darker at costa ;
costal space blackish fuscous, broken, darkest basally ; outer line showing in a
lighter broad line edged on both sides with blackish points and atoms, angulated
inwardly, then outwardly below costa, then parallel with outer margin, the
blackish edgings being much emphasized at costa making a blackish patch ; mar-
ginal line black : fringe interrupted, blackish ; apex blackish : hind wings fus-
cous with scattered black scales, more numerous outwardly, giving darker shading
and showing shadowy lines: inner margin broken, blackish ; marginal line l)lack ;
disca! spots distinct, black, those on fore wings especially so, and the scales some-
what enlarged and raised ; beneath as above, more fuscous, lines fainter, without
ocher shading.
Colorado. From Mr. J3riice. Near T. colordden^^lx, which it
much resembles.
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTKUA. 2()!)
T. crctatit ii. sp. — Expands 22 inni. Palpi gray, slioit ; front {rray ; collar
black ; thorax and abdomen oclier-firay. Wings broad, whitisli. overlaid with
fuscous, the lighter color showing in lines, and all somewhat washed with ochre-
ous ; the basal whitish line well out, wavy, rounded ; two blackish wavy lines on
median field, the inner passing through discal spot: an outer light line, evenly
rounded from costa to vein 2, then bent to margin ; the marginal space blackish,
l>roadest towards apex; discal spots black; hind wings corresponding, but basal
and median portions lighter; lines very indistinct, discal spots not strong; be-
neath as above, without ochreous tint, and tlie dark colors more lead like.
Colorado. From Mr. liriice.
T. I'lllllOSa. n. sp. — Ex])an(ls 18-21 mm. Of a uuiforni even dark fuscous
color, tile cross-lines of the wings only faintly, if at all, showing. Wings broad,
rounded ; discjil spots of fore wings round, large, prominent, black ; four black
spots on costa of fore wings, each one the beginning of a fine black cross-line, the
two outer being suhparallel and just beyimd discal spot; a lighter submargiiial
line, indistinct, somewhat clearer in a sjiot at anal angle; hind wings with faint
median and submargiiial lines: beneath color as above, darker in median and
submargiiial bands on all wings; very close in appearance to duller specimens
of T. abxunthiiita L., but distinct in the long, almost tufted paljii.
South Ahington, Mass., Brockport, N. Y.
T. iiisr!Sl<»i«iii n. sp. — Expands 24 mm. I'alpi long, somewhat drooping,
liglil gray; front gray, somewhat tufted, black below: thorax dark fuscous.
Abdomen nearly black. Wings fuscous gray, overlaid with fuscous, the ground
color showing in the cross-lines; lines many, more distinct than usual, tlie basal
median and outer showing most plainly ; the basal narrow, running out from
costa to subcostal vein, then turning back at a right angle straight to inner mar-
gin just ant from base; the median of the same shape, passing through di.scai
sjiot and reaching inner margin one-half out ; the outer with a deep rounded
sinus from costa, rounding backward, then at a sharp angle turning parallel with
t)Uter margin to inner margin, wavy in its course; hind wings with a double
wavy black line beyond middle, and another margined, all more distinct than
usual; discal spots of fore wings large, distinct, black ; beneath nearly uiiifunii
dark fuscous.
Colorado. From ^Ir. Bruce.
T. iiiiiibii'Olor n. sp.— Expands 23 mm. Palpi of moderate length, heavily
haired, l-lackish, with gray at end of longer scales: front blackish; anteniiie
dull fuscous; thorax and abdomen blackish gray, the abdomen interlined with
black. Wings very uniform blackish fuscous, blackish cross-lines very faintly
showing, the costa and outer margin of fore wings being somewhat darker than
rest of wing; hind wings uniform, all wings with marginal black line evident;
beneath very much as above.
CaliTiU'rv, Canada. I'^-oiu Mr. Wollev-Dod.
T. iiiiiibwMa n. sp. — Expands 24-2(! iiiiii. Palpi short, not heavy, light fus-
cous to fuscous; thorax, alidomen and wings light fuscous, the fore wings and
hind wings outwardly with shadings of dark fuscous; fore wings with fine
blackish basal line, a fine intra discal line and a corresponding geminate line
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. ALGUST, 1896.
270 GEORGE D. HUL8T.
enclosing si ijtlitly lighter color beyond, hendiug around discal spot, and somewhat
angulated below costa, an outer corresponding geminate line subparallel. reaching
inner margin just within angle; a submarginal waved line not very distinct ;
discal spots distinct, black; hind wings with indications of lines along inner
margin, sometimes in part showing across wing.
Arizona, California, the latter taken in July.
T. loil^i<leilS n. sp. — Exjiands 22-24 mm. An insect of the size and very
much the appearance of T. mulUstngata. The palpi, however, are long, reaching
far beyond the head, and the fore wings have the middle black line running
from costa out to discal spot, there turning at an abrupt angle backwai'd and run-
ning in nearly a straight line back to inner margin just beyond base; the discal
spots are prominent, black ; the hind wings have an extra discal distinct median
line, rather evenly rounded, and followed by another submarginal, and still
another marginal : beneath the wings are more distinctly marked in dark bands
than usual, the rounded intra discal, extra discal and marginal bands standing
out clearly on all wings, with distinct black, rather large discal spots.
Colorado. From Mr. Bruce.
T. inulti$»trigata n. sp.— Expands 24 mm. Palpi small, gray : front, tho-
rax and abdomen light gray, the latter with a lateral black line, the segments
interlined with blackish, except on dorsum ; fore wings light cinereous, marked
over with blackish scales; a faint geminate basal cross-line, another intra discal,
a third extra discal with strong angle beyond discal spot; outer geminate line
with a sharp angle inward at cell, then turned bac^k at a sharp angle at vein 6,
thence nearly straight to inner margin , outer submargiiud fine whitish line fol-
lowing the same course, but with a sharp inter angle just before reaching inner
margin ; discal spots nearly or quite obsolete, showing clearly in a white border-
ing lunule; hind wings light cinereous, darker, with black scales outwardly and
along inner margin with beginnings of two geminate cros.s-liues; discal spots
obsolete; marginal lines of black dashes, almost or quite continuous in places;
beneath reproducing the lines above more indistinctly.
Glcnwood Springs, Colorado, August 18. From Mr. liarnes.
T. llliiltiNCripta n. sp. — Expands 34 mm. An insect very much in ap-
pearance like T. multisLrigata, differing among other things as follows : The insect
is much larger, and is as large as any American species ; the i)alpi are considerably
longer; the body is less sharplj' checkered with black and gray ; the lines of the
wings are generally more sharply distinc^t, the submarginal line being without
the prominent inner dentation near anal angle; the fore wings are more pointed,
and the hind wings less evenly rounded, in this species the anal angle being
(juite well marked, and the outer margin being slightly bent in before it.
Colorado. Froui Mr. Bruce and Dr. Barnes, the specimens of the
latter taken in May.
T. Miollata n. sp. — Expands 24 mm. I'alpi, thorax and abdomen tlark fus-
cous, the latter with dull reddish .si)ots dors;illy, one on each segment; fore wings
reddish brown, basal space along costa to cell black, ending outwardly in a bl'cic
angulate cross-line ; a middle field of black covering discal spot liroad at costa.
AMKRICAX LKPIDOPTERA. 271
rai)i,lly converKiiis; to bi'hind cell, tluMi continued narrowly almost brokenly to
vein 1, then broadenino: to inner margin ; on costa the shape to narrowest part is
triangular, and on inner margin subtriangnlar : faintly lighter lines on each side
the blackish space, a wavy subniarginal lighter line; hind wings fuscous, lighter
at middle and base, irregularly clouded outwardly and along inner margin ; be-
neath as above, but more indistinct, the costa of fore wings being black from base
to beyond middle field.
Colorado.
T. obKCurior n. sp. — Exi>ands 2(J 30 mm. Pal])!, thorax and abdomiMi fus-
cous black ; palpi short, slender; fore wings blackisli fuscous or brownish, tinted
with faint geminate lines; outer line more distinct, especially at costa, sometimes
light across the wing ; it turns at nearly a right angle outward at cell, then rounds
opjjosite discal s])ot in nearly a straight line to inner margin ; the submedian is
black lined from base to middle : the submarginal line is very faint ; hind wings
with blackish marginal space and broken blackish inner margin ; beneath nearly
even blackish fuscous, with black spots along costa.
California, Colorado.
T. bivittsita n. sp. — Expands 26 mm. Palpi ocher fuscous; thorax, dypeus
and abdonu'ii dark fuscous ; fore wings rather dark fuscous, slightly ocher tinged,
unicolorotis or faintly mottled, being slightly darker on veins, the indications of
(tl)S()lete cross-lines; discal spots distinct, black, round; a whitish longitudinal
tlash on both sides ; two outer marginal lighter lines very faint, running jiarallel
with outer margin continuing to costa just within apex; hind wings light fus-
cous at base, darker outwardly and along inner margin, a number of dark lines
soon obsolete showing along inner margin ; marginal lines in both wings black ;
beneath as above, less uniform, a dark outer line showing on foi-e wings rounded
somewhat at costa; hind wings with faint outer cross-line; marginal lines black ;
discal spots distinct on all wings.
]\[endociiio, Cal., June.
T. iinioolor n. sp.— Expands 26 28 mm. Palpi fuscous ; head, thorax and
abdomen fuscous, with a violet-red tinge ; all wings of same color, evenly frosted ;
fore wings with a blackish basal line making a right angle at cell ; an interdiscal
line corresponding in color and direction, a little more distinct ; a corresponding
outer line with a deep outer sinus beyond discal spot, these two outer lines con-
tinued on hind wings; discal spots of all wings black, not very distinct; beneath
light fuscous, discal spots and outer line showing more broadly than above.
Colorado and California.
T. cewtata n. .sp. —Expanse 28-30 mm. Pal])i blackish or dark gray whitish
at end ; face black below, whitish above ; thorax gray or whitish. Abdomen
dark fuscous, intermixed with gi'ay scales and ringed with lighter color; fore
wings light gray, overlaid on all edges with fuscous black, sometimes with a
brownish tinge : this color following the costa from base, becoming a large trian-
gular sjtot at discal point and enlarging to another smaller triangular spot near
apex ; on outer margin it is obsolete below apex, then at middle becomes a large
rounded sjjot, with another at anal angle, these .sometimes continuously joined as
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. AUGUST. 1896.
979
GEORGE D. Hl'LST.
a mai-friual band : the dark color is broad along inner margin, especially centrally,
almost reaching the costal triangle; discal spots l)lack, linear; hind wings gray,
overlaid ontwardly with blackish, and along inner margin to base; beneath
ground color as above, and with much the same dark markings, except along
inner margin of fore wings.
California, very much like T. nevadata Pack., differing principally
in the color. It may l)e a variety of that species.
T. iniplor»ta n. sp. -Expands 26 mm. Palpi short, rather slender, fus-
cous; front light fuscous; thorax gray. Abdomen dark gray, ochreous at end ;
fore wings light gray or whitish, frosted, blackish in broken spots along costa, a
patch near apex being largest, somewhat brownish along inner margin, a black
basal cross-line, one geminate intra discal black line angulated outward on cell
and submedian vein, an outer black line distinct at costa, marked on veins poste-
riorly; all veins lined with black on middle field, vein 2 heavier than the rest;
discal spot long, reaching along outer margin of cell, made of longer, somewhat
raised scales: marginal line heavy, black, somewhat broken; hind wings long,
narrow, light gray, blackish on anal margin ; discal spot black, brownish tinted
at extreme edge; beneath faintly shadowing the surface above, the hind wings
with outward dotted cross-line.
California.
16. KIJCYJUATOGE Hiib.
Verz. 325, 1818.
Type togatii Hiib.
Ilypepirritis Hiib.. Verz. 329, 1818, type impiirata Hiib.
Orthonana Hiib.. Verz. 331. 1818, type vitalbata Hiib.
Ilunsma Hiib., Verz. 331, 1818, type termia Hub.
Phihahipteryx Steph., Cat. 138. 1829, type termUi Hiib.
Palpi moderate, scaled, ])orrect ; tongue developeti ; clypeus with
small scale tuft; antenme hliform, ciliate in both sexes; thorax un-
tufted. Abdomen with scale tuft dorsally on each segment; hind
tibiie with all spurs present; fore wings often narrow, extended, 12
veined, two accessory cells ; hind wings 8 veins, o and 4 separate,
() and 7 separate or stemmed, 8 anastoujosing with cell to beyond
middle.
Species. — E. ienimia Hulst.
E. geliddla Moesch.
E. atdicaria Wlk. (strattonata Pack.)
E. graejii Hulst, n. sp.
E. <jnindu Hulst, n. sp.
E. intestinata CJuen.
E. vitalbata Hiib.
I ad<l E. vitalbata to our list as I have latcily received specimens
from F. H. Wolley-Dod taken at C^algarry, Canada.
AMKUICAN LKIMDOI'TERA. 278
K. griK'fii ti. sp. — Expands 25-28 iimi. I'alpi ratlier long, gray or hlackisli
gray; front strongly tufted, light gray or fuscous; thorax fus<-ous. Abdomen
gray or fuscous; fore wings fuscous gray or gray, crossed by many wavy, or in
most instances very indistinct and indeterminate lines; the most prominent in
most cases are one close to biise rounded dentate: a second intra discal with an
angle at subcostal and at vein la, and a third extra discal straight or slightly
concave from costa obliquely outward to between veins 5 and 6 tliere angled, and
then waved dentate, parallel with outer margin across the wing; the outer space
is more shaded than the middle and has a generally well marked, light, scalloped,
submarginal line; discal spot large, distinct, blackish, oval; hind wings fuscous
gray, faintly indicating wavy cross-lines; discal spot dark, indistinct; margins
of all wings black, broken at ends of veins; beneath lighter than above, silky,
with blackish along costa of fore wings, and the upper lines very faintly if at all
showing.
^It. Hood, Washington. From Mr. E. L. Graef.
E. vfraiKlis n. sp. — Expands 28 mm. Palpi rather long, fuscous ocher; front
light fuscous, tufted; thorax fuscous, with an ocher tinge. Abdomen the same
color, with the tufts blackish; fore wings base fuscous ocher, edged outwardly
with a fine rounded black line; beyond this to outer line the wing is lighter,
showing whitish at beginning, centrally within discal spot in a waved double
cross-line, and also in a double line at end of middle space, these lighter lines
separated by fine dark lines ; outer lii;e running obliquely outward to between
6 and 7, then turning at a right angle and following margin in quite even scal-
lops; outer space darker, especially within apex, and towards costa between the
outer line and a scalloped submarginal wliitish line which runs parallel with
outer margin; margin darkly shaded on either side of ends of veins; hind
wings even, light fuscous gray, margin dark shaded on either side of veins: be-
neath even light silky fuscous, darker and more ochreous on outer space.
Washington.
17. VEXUSIA Curt.
Type cumhrica ('urt.
Palpi rather short, soinewliat recurved, scaled ; tongue developed ;
clypt'us .scaled, smooth ; antenme of S bipectinate, of $ liliform ;
thorax and abdomen untufted ; hind til)ia^ with all spurs present.
Wings rounded, fore wings 12 veins, one accessory cell ; hind wings
8 veins, 8 and 4 separate, 8 anastomosing with cell to beyond middle.
Species. — V. en m brim Curt.
V. duodecimUiieata Pack.
V. comptaria Wlk. (pi'rlineata I'ark.)
\. iiiclinltarid Wlk.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (3.")) Al GUST, lH9ti.
274 GEORGE D. HULST.
18. EUCHCEC'A Hub.
Verz. 298, 1818.
Type ohlitenita Hiib.
Hydraelia Hiib., Verz. 322. 1818. type si/lvafa Hiib.
Trichodezia Warr.. Zoo. Nov. ii. pt. 2, p. 119, 1895, type albovittata Guen.
Palpi short scaled, slender, pnrreet ; tongue developed ; front
smooth ; antennae filiform, ciliate ; thorax and abdomen untufted ;
hind tibise with two pairs of spurs; fore wings 12 veins, one acces-
sory cell ; hind wings 8 veins, 8 anastomosing with cell to beyond
middle.
Mr. Warren says his genus Trichodezia, of which albovittata is
type, " has a long tuft of dark haii's towards the inner margin of
fore wing on underside." He does not say whether this is a sexual
})eculiarity or common to both sexes. I have, however, been unable
to find the [)eculiarity in either sex after examining numerous speci-
mens, and so place it as a synonym. The venation of the hind
wings is, however, somewhat al)normal as 8 does not unite with the
cell thi'ough the basal half of the cell's length.
Species. — E. albovittata Guen.
E. calif or niata Pack.
E. cretace da Pack.
E. lucata Guen.
E. alhogilvaria Morr.
19. ASTHEXA Hiib.
Verz. 310, 1818 {Epirrita Hub., Tentainen 1810).
Type candidata Schif.
Oporinin Hub., Verz. 321. 1818, type dilutafu Bork.
Minoa Dup., Hist. Nat. Fr. viii. 545, 1829. type murinata Sc.
Oporabia Steph., Ills. iii. 273, 1831, type dilutata Bork.
Pal})i short, porrect ; front smooth, flat; antenna? filiform in both
sexes; thorax and abdomen untufted; fore tibia? unarmed, hind
tibiae with all spurs; fore wings 12 veins, two accessory cells; hind
wings 8 with cell to beyond middle.
As Mr. Meyrick remarks, there can be no doubt concerning the
application of this generic name, as only one species was placed
under it by Hiibner. It corresponds with the Tentameu name
Epirrita, whose type was dilutata Bork. As stated before I do not
recognize the Tentamen names, but indicate where they apply if any
please to make use of them.
Species. — .1. dilutata Bork.
AMKKICAN LKIM 1)( >rTKUA.
., /
20. CORVFIIISTA n. tien.
Type mead a Pack.
Pulpi porret't, ratlicr \ong; clyiK'iis with a conical tuft; aiitcmiit'
slender, fiuttcncd, luiinitcly ciliate. Abdomen of S with lateral
pencil of hair on pcnultiiuate segment; hind tibite with all spurs
present; fore wings 12 veins, two accessory cells, (5 and 7 from a
point ; hind wings scalloped, with lobe along inner margin in S
near middle, with a ridge or brush of stout hairs on lower edge;
hind wings with 8 veins, 3 and 4 separate, (J and 7 stemmed, <S with
cell half its length.
Species. — C. meadil Pack.
('. budUda Hy. lulw.
Close to Calocdlpc Hid)., but dirtering in the ternunal abdominal
tuftings.
21. €AL,OC.4L.I»E Hiib.
Verz. 330, 1818.
Tyi)e nndidata Linn.
Eiicosmia Stci>h., 111. iii. 265, 1831, type itndiilntn \j.
Palpi moderate, scaled, porrect ; tongue developed; clypeus with
scale tuft; antennic ciliate in both sexes; thorax and abdomen
scaled, untufted ; hind tibia- with all spurs present, in % very short;
fore wings 12 veined, with two accessory cells ; 3 and 4 sei)arate ;
hind wings of % with fold along inner margin beneath containing
a hair tufting, o and 4 separate, 8 anastomosing with cell to beyond
nuddle.
Species. — C luidahita L.
22. €ATO€L,OTlII!>$ n. geu.
C'liclica G.-t., Can. Knt. xiv, 174, 1882.
T.vpe frondaria Grt.
Palpi long, ])orrect, or .somewhat drooping; clypeus s<>mewiiat
drooping; antenna? of % bipectinate ; thorax with a dorsal posterior
tuft. Abdomen tufted at end; hind legs with all spurs present;
fore wings 11 veins, two accessory cells, 6 long stemmed with 7, X
and 9 arising from nearly the same point as 7, 10 wanting; hind
wings 8 veins, 5 near 4, (> and 7 stemmed, 8 with cell more tlian
half its length ; all wings extended.
Peculiar in having but H veins in the fore wings, and also in
having in the hind wings vein •"> arisim: almost at a point with 4;
TKANS. AM. KNl. HOC. X.KIII. A I Ul .><'l', ISHti
276 GEORC4E D. HULST.
also in hind wings vein 8 is strongly divided at base forming an ap-
j)roacli to the fovea sometimes seen in the Ennoniin?e. The only
species known is very considerably like Selidoaema (Boarmia) in
appearance. The genus is abundantly distinct from Chesias, being
like it only in superficial appearance and the outward form of the
wings ; the antenme are bipectinate in the S , not dentate as Mr.
CJrote says. Mr. (Jrote's name Cijdica is preoccupied.
Species. — C froiidaria Grt.
•23. PHIL.ERE.nE Hiib.
Verz. .-530. 1818.
Type rhamnata Schif.
f^cofosia Step!).. Ills, iii, 259, 1831, type rhamnata Schif.
Palpi moderate, scaled, })orrect ; tongue developed ; clypeus scale
tufted; antennje ciliate in both sexes; thorax sometimes tufted.
Abdomen untufted, in % with anal claspers large, exserted ; hind
tibiae with all spurs present ; fore wings 12 veined, two accessory
cells, 3 and 4 separate; hind wings 8 veined, 3 and 4 separate, 8
Avith cell to beyond middle.
In my opinion a doubtful genus, as the distinctive character, the
exserted claspers of the % , seems to be comparative, and to some
extent variable as based upon the circumstances of the death of the
insect.
Species. — P. calif on data Pack.
P. maltlvagata Hulst.
P. forviom, Hulst, n. sp.
I*, rorniosa n. sp. — Expands 35 mm. Palpi moderate fuscous; thorax fus-
cous. Abdomen ochreous, washed with fuscous, each segment lined with black
posteriorly; fore wings light fuscous gray, banded and shaded with smoky fus-
cous; basal portion with two faint shadow lines, followed by a smoky brown,
even broad shading, obsolete at costa, reaching from subcostal to inner margin ;
beyond this, edging the basal field a wavy black line ; the median space is smoky
fuscous, l)roader at costa than inner margin, outer line rounded between veins
forming an extended dull angle between 4 and 5: beyond this the ground color
and beyond this a submargiual waved dentate whitish line, edged both sides with
smoky fuscous, somewhat brownish on inner side; an apical black spot, followed
beneath by a second and larger one ; marginal line hhu-k. : hind wings even light
ocher fuscous, the veins slightly darkened ; beneath on fore wings fuscous to
outer field then lighter, except towards ajjcx ; hind wings with median black
line ; discal Joints evident above and below, quite prominent on fore wings above.
(jolorado. i'^rom Mr. Bruce.
AMI^.KK'.VX l,i;iMI)()PTliRA. '-: M
Differs from tlie typical Philereme in the fact that the thorax is
tufted posteriorly, and tlie vestiture is very decidedly hairy on the
fore wings.
24. l»HYIiA€E n. gen.
Type Inteolntii Ilulst.
Palpi lon<r, somewhat droo|)in<2: or porrect, slender, rather heavily
haired ; clypeus with conical tuft ; antennie of % bipectinate, of 9
hidciitatc ; thorax with posterior dorsal tuft. Abdomen of % tufted
at cud; liind til)i;c with all spurs present; fore wings 12 veins, two
accessory cells, () somewhat stemmed with 7; hind wings 8 veins, 3
and 4 se[)arate, 6 and 7 sejjarate, 8 joined with cell one-half its
length.
Very close to Endroma Hiib., from which it differs in the .struc-
ture of the antennre, and the absence of the hair pencil of the fore
wings in % . It differs from Neolexla in the latter respect.
Species. — P. Inteolata Hulst, n. sp.
1*. liiteolsita n. sp. — Expands 32 40 nun. Palpi yellow ochreous, fuscous
or blackish at e.xtrenie tip; antenna;, head, thorax, abdomen and wings yellow
ochreous, the thorax a little mixed with fuscous scales and the abdomen yellowish
laterally; fore wings with four yellowish brown lines arranged as in Neolexia
.ri/linu. and of the same general course, hut without the base, middle field or outer
l>art being filled in with darker color; between these bands are fainter cross-lines,
or faint broader shadings of narrow bands of same color with the more distinct
cross-lines ; hind wings more yellowish outwardly, with indications of lines
within anal angle scarcely evident; beneath ochreous, the outer middle line evi-
dent on fore wings and a marginal subajncal spot darker than the ground color;
hind wings with two faint middle lines crossing the wing.
Two males, one female, (,'olorado and New Mexico. The in.soct is
very much of the color and general appearance of Eiistroina diversi-
/inedtiiiii, with the lines in the shape of those of E. populatam or E.
jtridKitiiin. It has probably been regarded as a form of E. dimrn-
liiirttid, but is very distincfas having bipectinate antennae and want-
ing the hair pencil on the fore wings below in the male.
25. KMSTROM.4 Hiib.
Verz. :53.">, 1818.
Type prutiiita L.
Palpi rather long, porrect ; front tufted; antenna' of S filiform
ciliate, or .somewhat serrate; fore tibiie umirmed, hind tibi;e with all
spurs present, without hair pencil in S ; fore wings with two acces-
.sory cells, 12 veins, in % with strong pencil of hairs beneath at
base of \h; hind wings 8 veins, 8 with base to beyond middle.
TEANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XX HI. AUGUST. 1896.
278 GEORGE D. HULST.
Species. — E. diver.nlineaium Hiib.
E. popnlatam L.
E. testatum L.
E. destinatum Moesch.
E. jjrunatum L.
E. nubllutnm Pack.
E. atrocoloratum Grt.
E. explanatwm Walk, (cimigerata WlkS)
26. NEOL.KXIA n. gen.
Type xijlina Hulst.
Pal})i long, porrect, or somewhat drooping, second segment long
haired; tongue quite strong ; c'lypeus with a conical tuft; antenna?
of %) bipectinate; thorax with dorsal tuft of hairs posteriorly. Legs
with all spurs present ; fore Mings 12 veined, with two accessory cells
and with a strong pencil of hairs below near base of 16; hind wings
8 veins, 4 and 5 separate, 6 and 7 separate, 8 joined with the cell
one-half its length.
Species. — N. xylin.a Hulst, n. sp.
N. Hpeciom Hulst, n. sp.
N. xyliiia. n. sp. — Expands 38-40 mm. Palpi and head oclireous fuscous;
antennip fuscous, with a slight ochreous tinge ; thorax ochreous. the post-dorsal
tuft yellowish. Abdomen buff on the sides, posteriorly somewhat reddish brown ;
fore wings grayish and brown, the latter forming a broad band filling the basal
field about one-fourth of the length of wing along costa, with two or three rather
faint, darker, subparallel cross-lines included, the outer margin unevenly sinuate,
the most prominent bend, almost a dentation, being on cell ; this i.s followed by a
band of grayish considerably stained with brown, the outer edge being unevenly
sinuous, the strongest bend being at the submedian outwardly, then follows a
very broad brown band, broader at costa than on the inner margin with two in-
cluded sinuate shade lines near middle, these sh(»wing with whitish along costa;
the outer edge of the band is unevenly sinuate, rounded inwardly below costa,
where it is edged outwardly with whitish, then rounded outwardly and strongly
at the middle and again below, then running straight to costa. the scallops being
divided by teeth at veins 2, .'3 and 4, that at 4 being the least prominent ; beyond
the wing is grayish with brown timings, with three black triangular spots, base
inward beyond the white lunule beyond disc, and with a brownish subtriangular
spot on outer edge below apex ; marginal line bhu^k broken ; hind wings fuscous
gray, blackish lines showing on inner margin outwardly and fading into indis-
tinct dentate lines across the wing ; beneath ochreous gra.^. powdered with brown-
ish on the fore wings, the outer i)art of the middle band and the outer subapical
spot showing; on hind wings a faint suhmarginal line dentate emphasized at the
points giving tin' a])peanuice of a row of fainl blackish spots.
AMKUrCAN LIJ'IDOPTKRA. 27!)
New York, Wiushin^'-ton, ^Monluini, Alherta, Canadii. Very nnicli
in appearance like Eudroma prunnta, with which it may have been
confounded, hut easily distiniruished hy the bipectinate anteniuc.
Tiie specimen received from ( algarry has the cross-bands bhickish
instead of brown, and tlie hind wings have a more distinct banding.
X. !>«|>0('i<»»$a II. s]). — Expands 40 mm. Palpi dark fuscous: front blackisli
fuscous: front black : aiitenuic black above, fuscous ochreous below; thorax dark
fuscous, the tufts hriglit orange-yellow. Abdomen gray, mixed with fuscous,
with white dorsal line and with each segment black subdorsally and posteriorly ;
fore wings base black with some gray scales across middle, a broad wliite intra-
discal Itand beyond, shaded with yellowish, except at edges, and with some mixing
of blackish scales, a discal band beyond this black, rather narrower than the
intra-discal, veiy slightly lightened at middle: outer space white shaded with
yellow and olive to edge ; a scalloped submarginal line, the lunulcs white without
black within, with two heavy black triangular spots below costa near apex, and
a large subapical black spot along edge lined above and inwardly with white; a
bioken submarginal black line; bind wings smoky gray with two outer scalloped
lines both edged with whitish outwardly ; beneath smoky to outer part of discal
l)aiid on both wings, then a whitish band ; on fore wings beyond this smoky, with
whitish at apex, and on hind wings witli a blackish cross-line, the outer space
whitish.
One % , C.'algarry, Alberta, Canada. From Mr. F. II. Wulley-Dod.
This may be a variety of N. xylina Hidst, but the color and
shaping of the bands is different, and there is difference of position
in the lines of the hind wings.
27. PI^KMVKIA Hub.
Verz. 327, 1818 {Rheumaptera Iliib. Tentamen 1810).
Type bicolorata Hiib.
('osiiii>rlit>i' Hiib.. Verz. 32(), 1818. ty))e (jdliafa Hiib.
Kpin-ltoc Hiib., Verz. 328, 1818, type rivata Hiib.
Eiilfipa Hiib., Verz., .328, 1818. type hastala L.
MHdtiippe Dup., Hist. Nat. viii. 277, 1829, type hastaiu L.
Palpi moderate, scaled; tongue - developed ; clypeus somewhat
scale tufted; antennie filiform ciliate in both sexes; thorax and al)-
domen smooth; hind tibite with all spurs; fore wings 12 veins, one
accessory cell ; hind wings, 8 vein.s, G and 7 stemmed.. 8 with cell to
beyond middle.
This corresponds to the Tentamen genus Rlieumapteni, the tyj)e
of which was Itusfatd. Mr. Meyrick calls this genus P/emijria, of
which hlco/onitu Hiib. is the type. C'osuiorhoe was named by Hiib-,
ner with (jdliuta Hiib. as ty})e. Galhtta and bicolorata are conge-
TRANS. .\M. ENT. SOC. XXIII. AUGUST. 1896.
280 GEORGE D. HULST.
ueric. Cosmorhoe has priority of page, though uot of time. The
name Plemyria must staud as the genus name, however, under the
code.
Species. — P. hastata L.
P. tristata L.
P. sociatu L.
P. delimitate Warr.
P. georgii Hulst, n. sp.
P. )'Kbrosufft(sata Pack.
P. obdiictata Moesch.
P. georgii u. sp. — Expands 28-31 mm. Palpi quite long, prominent, por-
rect, end member drooping, fuscous gray ; clypeus and thorax dark gray. Abdo-
men mouse-gray to blackish gray ; fore wings mouse or fuscous gray, with a faint
violet tinge ; basal line lighter, distinct, sinuous, edged within with a darkish
band ; a middle black line narrow, rounded to behind cell then pointed outwardly
on veins, extending in general direction outwardly towards inner margin ; an
outer fine black line rounded outwardly to vein 3, then angulated inwardly on
veins to inner margin, the lines on veins joining those of median line separating
the median space into rounded dots, these sometimes entirely separated, the veins
becoming lighter between the parted black line ; the lines have a darker brownish
or reddish band within the middle space forming a large rounded discal annulus.
which is lighter in the middle, this enclosing the discal sjwt; outer space darker,
again enclosing an evenly scalloped, distinct, whitish outer line ; marginal line
broken black; hind wings mouse-gray or ocher-gray, with a Eubmarginal cloud-
ing forming an indistinct band ; beneath gray fuscous; fore wings with faint line
beyond discal spot and faint submarginal band ; hind wings with black discal
spot, and a fine, quite distinct line beyond marginal space, some darker.
California, Nevada, Washington, Vancouver Island.
28. ZEXOI'HCKFXJ n. gen.
Type Hgnocolorata Pack.
Palpi prominent, heavy, i)orrect ; tongue developed ; clypeus
scaled with strongly developed scale tuft ; antennie l)i])ectinate in
% , filiform in 9 ; thorax untufted. Abdomen somewhat tufted at
end in £ ; hind tibin^ with all spurs present. Wings broad, even ;
fore wings 12 veined, one accessory cell, 5 nearer H than 4, 6 and 7
stemmed, separate from 8 and !) ; iiind wings 8 veins, 8 with cell to
beyond middle.
As Mr. Meyrick rcMuarks, in speaking of Catachjxine lliib., a cor-
responding European genus, the venation is very anomalous among
the HydriomenidjB, and is, so far as the relations of 6 and 7 with 8
and 9 of the fore wings go, the same as the distinctive venation of
the Strophidiime. The rest of the venation is distinctively of the
AMERICAN LKl'lDorXERA. 281
present family, as is the whole aspect of the s{)eeies. Mr. Meyriek
explains these as anonialons forms in wliieh the posterior wall of the
se(!ou(l accessory cell has become obsolete ; he therefore speaks of
the insect as having two accessory cells in fore wings. Zeiiophlep-s
differs from Cataclysme Hiib. in having bipectinate antennio in the % .
Species. — Z. lu/Nicolonifa Pack.
Z. obxcarata Hulst, n. sp.
Z. 4»bsciirata n. sp. — Exiiands 2i\ iiiiii. Palpi ocliieous I>n)\vii, t)lackisli
towards eud ; head ochreous fuscous, with thdrax and abdomen of same color;
fore wiii^s grayish, well mixed with blackish scales, and with many not very
decided blackish cross-lines, and the whole washed with yellow ochreous, espe-
cially on the outer third ; the lines are arranged in three bands, the first basal,
the second median within the black discal s])ot, the third beyond the discal spot;
they all are lighter between the limiting lines, are quite evenly rounded out-
wardly, pretty evenly dentate on both sides the middle one being the most even ;
the outer one has two or three little white spots outwardly at veins 2. 3 and 4:
outer space arranged in two or three lighter and darker bands, sharply and evenly
dentate; a line of black margin.al spots; fringe concolorous with outer part of
wing ; hind wings corresponding very much to pattern of fore wings, hut all basal
markings lost, and middle band showing in a rounded, distinct, blackish line;
beneath fuscous gray, the bands on both wings showing in deeper color, rather
solid and quite decidedly manifest in a broad marginal band on both wings.
One male, Siskiyou County, California.
29. E:V€H0RI.\ n. gen.
Type ONvnInta Hulst.
Palpi short, rough, hairy; front rough scaled, scarcely tufted;
tongue developed ; antennne of I flattened, dentate, finely ciliate
below ; thorax with a double anterior tuft, and also a low posterior
tuft. Abdonien slightly tufted at end ; hind tibise with two pairs
of spurs; fore wings two accessory cells, 12 veins; hind winys S
veins, 6 and 7 stemmed, 8 with cell to beyond middle.
Differs from Giipmchron Hiib. in that the antennae are eveidv
ciliate, not fascicled with hairs.
Species. — E. osculata Hulst, n. sp.
E. OMCiilata n. sp.— Expands 24 mm. Palpi, front and thorax fuscous, with
black scales intermixed, the whole vestitnre being squamoso and ditfiise. Abdo-
men diti'ise. fuscous, the first segment being more blackish and the fourth blackish
doi-sally ; fore wings fuscous, the whole surface covered with more or less faint,
dentiite, or wavy lines, parallel with the rounded outer margin : these siiow most
decidedly by a faint basal cross-band, somewhat darker than the ground color,
edged inwardly and outwardly by a more grayish color, the dentiitioiis of tiir
outer lines marked with black ou veins ; discal spots prominent black with whitisii
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (;«)) AUGUST. 1H96
282 GEORGE D. HULST.
rtecks beyond ; outer lines most prominent, jreminate, gray, sinused outwardly
))etween veins 5 and 2, dentate wavy all their length : ^ subniarginal, faint, wavy
trray line : fringes color of wings with lighter intermissions; hind wings rather
satiny white, slightly stained with fuscous and with black atoms basally and
along inner margin : beneath dull white on all wings, fuscous stained along costa,
speckled with black scales basally on fore wings and all over hind wings with
large blackish spot at apex of fore wings divided by whitish line, all wings with
black discal spots.
Southern California.
30. l»ERCX«l»TILOTA n. gen.
Type fliiviata Hub.
Plemi/rie Hiib., Verz. 334. 1818, tyyte flnr lata Hiib.
Palpi rather long, porrect ; tongue developed ; front with conical
tuft of scales ; antennae of Z filiform, with fascicles of hairs on
each segment ; thoi'ax without posterior tuft. Abdomen tufted at
end ; hind tibi?e with two pairs of spurs ; fore wings 12 veined, two
accessory cells; hind wiugs 8 veins, B and 7 stemmed, 8 with cell to
beyond middle.
Plemyrie Hiib., ap[)lied to this species, is preoccupied by Plemyria
Hiib., the names being the same, one partially, the other entirely
latinized.
Species. — P. fluvbtta Hiib.
31. MESOLEUCA Hiib.
Verz. 326, 1818.
Type (dbicillafa Linn.
Glaucopteryx Hiib., Verz. 332. 1818, type cxsiala Lang.
Melanthia Dup., Hist. Nat. viii, 252, 1829, type procellata Fab.
Camptogramma Steph., 111. iii, 263, 1831, type bilineata L.
Pal{)i moderate ; front with tuft of s(;ales ; tongue developed ; an-
tenuic <)f % filiform ciliate ; thorax with or without posterior tuft.
.Vbdonien sometimes tufted at end; hind tibia' with all spurs, fore
wings with two accessory cells, 12 veins; hind wings 8 veins, (> and
7 stemmed, 8 with cell to beyond middle.
Species : —
M. rujicUidia Guen. M. .nlaceata var. (Jeflaviifa Stand.
M. graiulata Walk, (brunneicil- M. albolincnta Pack.
M. ccesiata Bork. [lata Pack.) M. sv^spectata Moesch.
M. lariidntta (Juen. 31. hersiliatd Guen.
J/, brninieunaculata Bates. M. ethela Hulst, n. sp.
M. friuicafii Hiib. M. vasaliata (lUen.
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 283
IW. ctliela n. sp. — Expands 30 mm. Palpi and head fuscous ochreous ; au-
tenuie fuscous; thorax fuscous ochreous. Abdomen fuscous gray; fore wings
cream coh)r from base one-tliird out, with a shading of blackish scales along costa
at base, terminated outwardly by a rounded dentate line; beyond, a broad dark
gray band with veins all somewhat darker lined, this band scalloped outwardly,
the scalloj) being most prominent at vein 4, and the dentations marked by the
veins; beyond this band a cream colored line broadening towards costa, followed
by a broad dark gray submarginal band, which is somewhat reddish next to the
cream colored line; margin blackish: hind wings whitish, a little fuscous tinted
outwardly, with line of blackish marginal spots along outer border; beneath
light cream fuscous, with darker outer shadings ; hind wings whitish fuscous.
One % Sierra Nevada, California.
32. HYDRIOMEXA Huh.
Verz. .322, 1818.
Type trifasciata Bork.
Kiiphi/ia lliib., Verz. 326, 1818, tyyte picatd lliib.
f Perizoma Hiib.. Verz. 331, 1818, type ndxquata Bork.
f Enfephria Hiib., Verz. 331, 1818, type flavicmctdta Hiib.
Chlnrodi/sta Hiib., Verz. 332, 1818, type miata L.
Dj/fisfroma Hiib., Verz. 333, 1818, type iruncata Hufn.
Harpnit/ce Steph., Cat. ii, 131, 1829, ty yte fnlvata Foi-st.
YpsipHes Steph., Cat. ii, 138, 1829. type trifasciata Bork.
Emmfihsia Ste))!!., Cat. ii. 147. 1829, type decolorata Hiib.
Miesia Steph., 111. iii, 1.50, 1831, type decolorata Hub.
I'oli/plnafiia Stej)!)., HI. iii, 227, 1831, type immanafa Haw.
Euthalia Steph., 111. iii, 2,r2, 1831. type miata L.
Thera Stei>h.. 111. iii. 271, 1831, type simnlafa Hiib.
I'hasi/lc Dup., Cat. Meth. 254, 1844, type malvala Eamb.
Ceratodalia I'ack.. Geom. Moths. 322, 1876, type giieiieata Pack.
P:ill)i inodei'atc or loni:'; ton^nie of % developed; front with or
w ithoiit .■^eale tuft ; autennio flattened, often naked, shortly and finely
ciliate below; thorax ,vith posterior tuft more or less developed.
Ahdonien often tufted at end ; hind tibije with all spurs; fore wings
with two acce-ssory cells, 12 veins; hind wings 8 vein.s, 6 and 7
stemmed, 8 with cell to beyond middle.
Tliis genus, with what I have })laced under Memleuca, C<eiiocalpi\
'frip/iosit, Eiichorid and Oijpmchroa, are all grouped by Mr. Mcv-
rick under Htjdi-ioniena. He recognises there are very considerable
ditierences in structure which would easily warrant generic sejjara-
tion, l)ut thinks the species .<o intergrade in every structural jjoint
that it is impossible to draw a distinct line anvwhcre. I aurce with
iiim entirely, yet think it wi.ser to draw an artificial line than to
lump very widely variant species under one genus, which thus be-
comes very hirge and unwieldy, as well as discordimt. In verv few
TK.\NS. .\M. KNT. SOC. XXIII. AUGUST. 18»()
284 GEORGE D. HULST.
species is there any doubt as to the group in which they naturally
fall, and I have in a sort of a way made Hydriomena the refuge of
species whose $ I have not seen, and whose exact reference cannot
therefore be given. The species under it are yet in i-espect to palpi,
antennae, thoracic tuftings, and the position of vein (> of fore wings
very variable, but I hesitate to make any further divisions, as the
bulk of species lie midway between the extremes. Trifasciata, the
type of Hydriomena, has very long palpi, and is in some other re-
spects rather an extreme species.
Species : —
H. sordidata Fab. H. miUtiferata Walk.
H. trifasciata Bork. H. ciirvilinea Hulst, n. sp.
H. californiata Pack. H. imniediata Grt.
H. speciosata Pack. H. costiguttata Hulst, n. sp.
H. reflata Grt. H. gueneata Pack.
H. similaris Hulst, n. sp. H. mirabilata Grt.
H. Gontracta Pack. JI. uiiangulata Haw.
H. sparsimacida Hulst, n. sp. H. neomexicana Hulst, n. sp.
H. herblcolata Hulst, n. sp. H. audralata Hulst.
H. basaliata Walk. H. cudodiata Guen.
J£. latirupta Walk. H. ahlata Hulst, n. sj).
H. !i>iiiiiliiri!i« n. sj). — Expauds 28-31 mm. Palpi blackish firay ; front dark
gray; thorax same color with more of gray, with a posterior tufting blackish at
end. Abdomen fuscous; fore wings base gray, mixed with scattered black scales,
limited by a black line somewhat oblique, angled at cell, then a broad band of
blackish, lightened with gray scales which run in the form of two narrow broad
cross-lines; this band reaches only to the discal point, the outer limiting black
line i)assing through the discal point rounding out to it from costa thence in-
wardly to below cell, then outwardly to inner margin ; then comes a compara-
tively narrow grayish band, not distinctly limited outwardly, having near its
outer edge the outer black cross-line which is wavy dentate, with its two most
prominent and equal protuberances between veins 2 and 3 and 3 and 4 ; outer
space dark, much liglitened behind middle, and with two or three subapical
black daslies ; hind wings light fuscous; all margins blackish ; beneath, color of
bind wings above, on fore wings darker along costa and outwardly towanls apex"
C'olorado. From Mr. Graef.
If. itblata n. sp. — Expands 28 mm. Palpi fuscous gray ; thorax aiid front
fuscous. Abdomen fuscous, each segment with a black anterior line; fore wings
light gray, with blackish lines and shadings ; base dark fuscous, mixed with gray ;
basal line rounded outwardly at cell, and angled inwardly at \a; beyond base an
intra-discal gray band sprinkled with black scales, then a blackish discal band
narrower than usual. .scalloi)ed on both sides, the teeth on the veins and towards
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTKRA. 285
each otlier reacliiiifj so far in towards iuiu-r margin as to almost form ringlets,
then an extra-discal gray band much clouded and striated with t)lackisli scales,
with a deep cloud alonjj costa. with a black snbniar<(inal line, scalloped, outwardly
dentate; marginal S])ace blackish below apex; hind wings fuscous, with a faint
middle lighter cross-line ; beneath light fuscous, faintly revealing the markings
above.
Arizona.
H. N|>Hr<<«iinat*iila u. sj).— Expands 28 mm. Palpi light cinereous, black
at end ; front and thorax gray. Abdomen fuscous dorsally, much lighter on sides
and below : fore wings light glaucous gray, washed with fuscous, with dark nuirk-
ings along costa showing the beginning of basal, discal, extra-discal and outer
cross-lines, these discernible across the wing only by the lighter edgii;g cross-lines
and a few black scales; a black spot at middle of inner margin and another at
anal angle; also one or two small black spots at ai)ex ; hind wings dull whitish,
with two faint, even rounded, broad cross-lines, and a faint submarginal line ;
lieneath even, lighter, very faintly showing markings above.
California ; near some variations of //. cdliforniata Puck., espe-
cially those of the (jlaucata form.
II. neo-inexicana u. sp. — Expands 38-42 mm. Palpi fuscous above,
blackish on sides and below; under part of head whitish; face fuscous black;
thorax dark fuscous to gi'ayish black. Abdomen dark fuscous, ringed with lighter
fuscous, a blackish spot dorsally on each segment. Wings varying from light to
dark fuscous, in fresh specimens darker, and then with a grayish olive shading ;
the whole surface of the fore wings is covered with scalloped cross-lines of vary-
ing intt'usity, the rounded part outward and generally subparallel, the lines being
of a lighter color, the interspaces darker; at the base the darker color is empha-
sized by blackish forming a darker basal space, then a broad, generally lighter
space to a broad central darker band, the inner line of this heavily shaded with
l)lackish outwardly, the outer line with blackish inwardly, the inner dentate
scalloi)ed. the outer more irregular than usual with two strongly j)rojecting outer
scallojis on veins 3 and 4; a subnuirginal outer line whitish, serrate on both .sides;
hind wings rather even fuscous, with faint indications of scalloped lin^s out-
wardly, especially near inner angle; beneath both wings light fuscous with a
<iuite blackish undulating hair line beyond middle, and a broad, even, submar-
ginal. blackish band ; marginal lighter, fringe (iheckered with black at end of
veins.
Described from a number of specimens in collection of Neumoegen
and myself. Mr. Neumoegen's specimens are without locality,
though I think they were said to be from Florida. ]\[y own speci-
mens are from New Mexico (Cockerell), Colorado (Gillette) and
Florida.
H. hcrbicolata n. sp. — Expands 18-20 mm. Palpi short, rather coarsely
haired, blackish or black and ocher gray mixed ; clypeus rather coareely long
haired, somewhat tufted ; thorax rather squamose, black and gray intermixed.
Abdomen fuscous ocher and black intermixed, tlie basal segment darker than the
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. AUGUST, 1896.
286 GEORGE D. IIULST.
rest ; fore wiogs light fuscous gray, basal space blackish followed by an indeter-
minate broad cross-line somewhat angulated, which is followed by an indistinct
dark band often showing only on the outer edges, this band being wavy sinuous
and of the same width across the wing, and on its outer side almost touching tlie
black discal spot; an outer sinuous whitish line, often clear white on costal half,
angulated outward at vein 6, then an irregular inner sinus running outward to
an angle at vein 4, this angle almost reaching the edge of wing, thence the line
is wavy angulate, subparallel with edge of wing to inner margin; this line is
edged within with a broad dark band which generally is evident only on lines
limiting edge and is sometimes faint and indeterminate, sometimes with black
dashes on veins 2, 3 and 4; outer space clouded below apex and a marginal line
of black dashes hardly broken ; hind wings light gray, darker towards base with
black discal spot: beneath lighter than above, the outer lines showing, the white
line much broader with whivish apical spot; hind wings color as above with two
fine cross-lines, the inner straight across the wings, the outer rounded, scalloped.
Havilah, Cal., two males, two females. From Hy. Edwards, No.
7641.
There is niucli difference in the two sexes, the males being much
more distinctly marked and lined, and especially with the outer white
line.
H. cnrvilinea n. sp. — Expands 28 mm. Palpi short, somewhat long scaled,
black and gray intermixed ; clypeus and thorax gray. Abdomen ochreous ; fore
wings (lull clay white, a blackish even basal cross-band scarcely curved, another
corresponding band on middle field evenly curved across wing, edged witiiin by
H faint light tinge; outer field with a band distinct at costa, broken and indeter-
minate across wings, showing mostly as dark dashes on veins; outer sjiace darker,
more broad apically, showing an included dentute line i)arallel with outer nuirgin :
marginal line black ; hind wings light clay fus(-ous with faint (louble median
cross-line; beneath much as above, but much fainter.
Vancouver Island, British Cohimbia.
H. CO!«ti$i;iittatiii n. sp. — Exjjands 25 mm. Palpi blackish gray ; front gray,
black below; thorax light gray on extreme front, collar and posteriorly, with a
black band across between anterior half of base of fore wings. Abdomen white,
stained somewhat on anterior part of segments with fuscous. Wings white,
somewhat stained witli fuscous; fore wings with two subtriangular black spots
along costa, followed in each case by fine geminate wavy black lines limiting the
middle field, the cour.se being much as in A', abrasaria H.-Sch., the veins on the
course of these lines somewhat marked with black dashes; outer field clouded,
faintly showing submarginal lighter scalloped line; marginal line black, broken,
two spots between each of the veins; hind wings with faint median line, mar-
ginal line as on foi-e wings; beneath slightly darker, costal sjiots indistinct, lines
indistinct, almost obsolete.
California, from Hy. Edwartls. In ajjpcanince very much like
Thmniwiioma subcessaria Walk.
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTKKA. P / 287
3:3. TKIPPK^SA Stepli.
Cat. 44. 1829.
Type diibitata L.
Palpi rather long, .stout, long scaled at base, subascending ; tongue
<l(!veloped ; front with scale tuft; antennae of S slightly flattened,
tinely ciliate ; thorax tufted posteriorly. Abdomen tufted at end;
iiind tibiai with two pairs of spurs ; fore wings two accessory cells,
12 veins; hind wings 8 veins, B and 7 stemmed, 8 with cell to be-
yond middle, outer margin of wings scalloped.
Plerocyinia Hiib., Verz. 330, 1818, has dabitata catalogued under
it, but the first and more prominent species, cervinata has bipectinate
antennne, and taking that as type, the genus becomes a synonym of
Xanthorhw Hiib., Verz. 327, 1818.
Species. — T. dubitata Linn.
T. progressata Walk, (indubitata Grt.)
34. C<ENOCAL.PE Uub.
Verz. 330. 1818.
Cor'jihea Dup., Cat. Meth. 257, 1844, type juniperata L.
Stainnodes Gueu., Phal. ii, 515, 1857, typo pnnperaria Evers.
Palpi moderate, or quite long ; tongue developed ; front smooth,
sometimes flat, sometimes rounded and protuberant; antennae of S
filiform, flattened, finely ciliate beneath ; thorax and abdomen un-
tufted ; fore tibite unarmed ; hind tibiae with all spurs ; fore wings
12 veins, two accessory cells; hind wings 8 with cell to beyond
middle.
A genus as here limited with considerable variation in structure.
The species agree, however, in the flattened antennte of the Z .
Species : —
C. aurata Grt. C. gibhocostata Walk.
C magnollata Guon. C. annellata Hulst.
C. oxy gramma Hulst, u. sp. C morrimta Hulst.
C. cameata Pack. C tessellata Pack.
C. alaskce Hulst, n. sp. C fervifactaria Grt.
(\ p(irlnot(da ZeW. C. formosata Streck.
( '. jio/jignimmata Hulst, n. sp. C. seifertu Neum.
C. alasktc n. sji. — Expands 28 mm. Palpi blackish and ocbreous, slender, por-
rect, strongly scaled ; clypcus tufted ; antenna' fuscous ocbreous, flattened, scarcely
ciliate beneath; thorax ocbreous. Abdomen ocbreous, interlined with fuscous
ocbreous on each segment; fore wings ocbreous brown, darker on basal field and
medially, the latter forming a distinct band quite even and of even width en-
TRANS. .\M. KNT. SOC. XXIII. AUGUST. 1896.
288 GEORGE D. HITLST.
closing tlie distinct discal spot at about its middle: outer space also darker, edged
within with a sinuous dark line followed by a line of ground color, and the band
broken by the lighter veins whi(-h are of the ground color of the wings ; mar-
ginal line brown ; hind wings light ochreous, becoming more pronounced ochre-
ous outwardly : beneath all wings of an even smoky ochreous color, the fore
wings showing a shade darker outwardly, and within apex along costa.
Ahiskji. Two specimens from Prof. Riley, neither in good con-
dition.
C. polygraiillliata n. sp. — Expands 18-22 mm. Palpi gray or blackish
gray, extended, heavy, porrect or drooping; clypeus tufted, gray or blackish
gray ; thorax slightly tufted posteriorly, gray or blackish gray. Abdomen ringed,
varying from light to dark gray, and also sometimes stained with ocher; fore
wings light gray to gray crossed by many nearly parallel cross-lines, these not so
heavy generally on basal space, and on outer space, giving in most cases the ap-
pearance of a broad central band running evenly across the wing, the discal por-
tion narrowly being a shade lighter, and the outer and inner lines here l)eing
less parallel : the outer space is sometimes narrowly lighter outside middle band,
often broadly so, the whole space being of the same color, and this and basal
space often also tinted with ocher yellow : margin somewhat darker, with a uar-
row, even, dentate, whitish line parallel with outer margin.
Colorado, from Mr. Bruce ; California, from Dr. Riley ; Ariz.
C. <>xygi'ainiiia n. sp. — Expands 34 mm. Palpi and face fuscous gray, the
palpi short and scaly : thorax light gray, patagije whitish. Abdomen ringed witli
gray and whitish, ocher tinted towards end; fore wings white, somewhat dull,
with blackish cross-lines, the first basal bent even, extreme base blackish, then a
narrow band within discal spot bent outward at cell, then wavy to before vein 1.
there bent at a right angle towards base following the line, then again bent at a
right angle to inner margin, this darker ou margins and the same width across
the wing ; another band of like width and color beyond discal spot sinuous, with
three bends across the wing in the general direction of outer margin merging
with previous band at middle of wing and then separating to inner margin, the
two bauds thus enclosing a long costal space and a rounded triangular S[)ace at
inner margin ; another band incomplete, but well marked near apex and again
at vein 5, almost obsolete otherwise ; marginal line of black dots, di.scal spot
black, the outer cell and veins tinged with yellow ; hind wings light gray, with
trace of median and marginal cross-lines: beneath as above, but less distinct, the
two middle bands scarcely joining.
Havihih, Cal. From Henry Edwards.
35. ]fIEL..4i\OI>TirO]V Il.-Sch.
Anseii. Schme. 1855.
Tyjie hifi'uesi ratum H.-Sch.
Emplocia Guen., Phal. ii, 531, 1857, type hcupcridnriu Gueii.
Palpi short, porrect; tongue developed; front short scaled, broad,
.somewhat rounded ; antenme flattened, even, or subdentate in % ,
flattened, filiform in 9 • Thora.x and abdomen untufted, very closely
AMKiaCAN Li:rnK)l'TERA. 289
scaled ; fore tibia' unarmed, hind tihire with all spurs. Winj^s very
closely short scaled ; tore wings very rounded at apex, 12 veins, two
accessory cells, 10 and 11 from cell; hind wings 8 veins, 8 and 4
widely separate, 5 nearer 4 than (i, (J and 7 stemmed, 8 with cell to
beyond middle.
The genus is scarcely warranted, as it is not sharply distinct struc-
turally from Oeaocalpe, but it has a very different color aspect, has
rounded fore wings, and the vestiture of body and wings is very
short and close.
Species. — M. cephixarlam Grt.
31. cephisarmm Grt. may be Melanchoria iiieondans Hiib.
36. MAKWOI'TKKYX Patk.
Geom. Moths, 2r,i), 1876.
Type marmorata Pack.
Marniaropteryx Gump. Nova Act. Halle, 49, 332, 1887.
Palpi short, rather heavy; tongue developed ; clypeus very promi-
nent, rounded, swollen, scaled, subcircular; anteijmcof S flattened,
the segments even, of 9 filiform ; thorax and abdomen untufted ;
fore legs with tibiie spined at end ; hind legs with two pairs of spurs ;
fore wings 12 veined, two accessory cells, 10 and 11 from cell, 8 and
4 from a point ; liind wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 6 and 7 short
stetnined, 8 anastomosing with cell to beyond niiddle.
The species of this genus and other species formerly grouped
under Marmopteryx beyond question belong to the Hydriomenidai.
They have no affinities whatever, so far as I can see, with the P^n-
nomidic, or the old subfamily Macariidie, where they were former! v
j)laced.
Species. — M. marmoratd Pack.
M. odoidata Hulst, n. sp.
M. wdoiltaia n. sj).— Expands 38 44 mm. Near M. marnionita Pack., of
which it may he the Colorado form, though very difJereut in appearance. Palpi
reddish ocher: front less reddish, summit of head ocher ; collar and anterior ])art
of patajriie reddish ocher. the rest of the tliorax light ocher, as is also the ahdo-
men. Wings light ocher. more reddish along costa and on outer field, and de-
cidedly .so on either side costally of the outer line. The <'olor of costa hroken
hy two squares of lighter color ; outer line distinct towards costa. broad, whitish,
rounded at vein ij, fading out towards inner margin ; hind wings evenly colored,
the band below faintly showing through ; fringes of fore wings checkered with
white, of hind wings uniform white; beneath as above in markings, the outer
field lighter, the rest of the wing darker than above: outer fiehl white at apex,
smoky posteriorly. I'eddish on botli sides of outer line at costa : liind wings white,
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (37) AUGUST. 1896.
290 GEORGE D. HUL8T.
Itrown striations forming an indistinct band on outer margin, a similar band
beginning at anal angle and reaching one-half across wing ; at the middle another
even band, red, forming an angle at vein 6: base somewhat striated with brown.
Legs darker than thorax.
Colorado. The general markings are like marmorata Pack, above,
hut differ very decidedly helow.
37. GYPSOC'HROA Hiib.
Verz. 336, 1818.
Type albulata Schif.
Cidaria Treite., Sch. Eu. vi. 2, 242. 1828. type designnta Rott.
Z nodonfa Sodof., Bull. Soc. Mosc. p. 126, 1837, type designata Rott.
Palpi moderate, or quite long, ])()rrect ; front with tuft of scales ;
tongue developed ; antennae dentate, with fascicles of hairs on each
segment ; thorax with low posterior tuft. Abdomen tufted at end ;
hind tibiie with all spurs; fore wings 12 veins, two accessory cells ;
hind wings 8 veins, H and 7 stemmed, 8 with cell to beyond middle.
Species. — G. designnta Bork.
G. hcesitata Guen. (albosignata Pack).
38. EITRHIIVOSEA Pack.
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, xvi, 3.5. 1874.
Type flavatit Pack.
Pali)i long, somewhat drooj)ing at end ; tongue developed ; cly-
peus slightly or not at all tufted ; antennse of % dentate and strongly
pubescent ; 9 ciliate ; thorax and abdomen untufted ; hind tibite
with two pairs of spurs ; fore wings 12 veined, one accessory cell, 3
and 4 separate, 5 nearer 4 than 6, 10 on 11, 11 from cell, 12 free;
hind wings 3 and 4 separate, 5 nearer 4 than (), 6 and 7 stemmed,
8 anastomosing with cell to beyond middle.
Species. — E. Jiavata Pack.
E. leoninata Pack.
E. inancipat<i (nien.
39. PKYCHOPHORA Curt.
Type siMnii Curt.
Palpi porrect, rough haired, moderate; tongue develoj)ed ; cly-
peus very broad, flattish, rough scaled ; antennae bij)ectinate in % ,
filiform pubescent in 9 \ thorax rough hairy. Abdomen rough
hairy, luitufted. Wings vestiture hairy, fore wings 12 veined, two
accessory cells, 3 and 4 clo.^e at base, 10 and 11 from cell, 12 free ;
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 291
hind wings 8 veined, 8 and 4 close toirether, 0 at the middle of eell,
6 and 7 stemmed, 8 anastomosing with cell to beyond middle; hind
legs with two pairs of" spurs.
I have a specimen of P. phocata sent me by iNIr. Moeschler, and
therefore typical, and I can see no difference between it and J\
sabinii Curt., of which I saw the type in the British Museum.
Sj)ecies. — P. sabinii Curt, (phocata Moesch.)
40. TRI€IIOCIIL.A!IIYS n. pen.
Typi' pulatit Uiib.
l*al[)i moderate, porrect, long haired; tongue developed; front
rough with projecting hairs ; antenuje flattened, even, finely ciliate,
or nearly naked in % , filiform ciliute in 9 ; thorax loosely rough
hairy scaled or hairy. Abdomen rough scaled ; hind tibiae with all
spurs; fore wings 12 veins, two accessory cells ; hind wings 8 veins,
8 with cell to beyond middle.
Mr. Meyrick catalogues polata under Dasi/tirls Guen., which it
closely ap{)roaches But Dasyuris has the antennae of % dentate,
which polata has not. I therefore propose the above as a designa-
tion of the genus.
Species. — T. polata Hiib.
T. ladeata Pack.
41. ER^iKPHILA n. gen.
Ty))e grandipennix Hulst.
Palpi long, subascending, end member horizontal ; front smooth,
rounded, prominent ; antennie shortly bipectinate, fasciculate in % ,
flliform in 9 ; thorax with posterior tuft. Abdomen of S with
anal tuft; fore tibiae unarmed, hind til)i;e with all spurs; fore wings
12 veins, two accessory cells; hind wings extended, broad, 8 veins,
o near 4, 6 and 7 stemmed, 8 with cell to beyond middle.
Near Xanthorhoe, but with long j)ali)i. Nearer Hi/drioint'tia, but
the antennie have short pectinations.
Species. — E. (/nuidipenitis Hulst, n. sp.
E. jj^raiidipeiiiiis n. sp. — Expands 42-52 mm. Palpi, head, thorax and
abdomen ruscous gray, tlie thorax more mixed with black scales ; antennse dark
fuscous ; fore wings gray, somewhat washed with fuscous, and marked with va-
rious black cross-lines: the first basal broken, the next close to the first, rounded,
broad near middle, the next one-third out, and rather an intermitted band show-
ing in a broad blackish spot subcostall.v and next to inner margin ; the next line
is about the middle, narrow, quite distinct, rounded outwardly at submedian,
TRANS. .\M. KST. SOC. XXIII. AUGUST, 1896
i
292 GEORGE D. HULST.
dentate outward on vein 2, with a deep sinus following, then rounding out to
inner margin ; another line subparallel, but not so irregular, beyond this: tinally
one beginning at a blackish spot on costa, strongly dentate on veins to middle,
then faint and quite straight to within posterior angle ; hind wings fuscous gray,
veins a little darker, a faint lighter band beyond middle, the wings becoming
dark fuscous outwardly; marginal line on fore wings black, broken, the fringes
checkered ; on hind wing marginal band present, continuous, fringes interlined ;
beneath dark cinereous, the markings above reproduced, but less definitely.
Colorado, from Mr. Bruce, also from California and Washington.
42. XANTHORHOE Hiib.
Verz. 327, 1818 {Petrophom Hiib. Tentamen 1810).
Type motttiinata Bork.
Caloxtjiqiit Hiib., Verz. 328, 1818, type turhafa Hiib.
Melanydris Hiib.. Verz. 329, 1818, type inciirsata Hiib.
Plerocymifi Hiib., Verz. 330, 1818, type cervinnta Schiff.
Amoeba Hiib., Verz. 333. 1818, type iririddria Fab.
Ochyria Hiib., Verz. 334. 1818, type quadrtfasciaria Clerck.
Onychia Hiib., Verz. 334, 1818, type peribolata Harv.
Scotopteryx Hiib., Verz. 338, 1818, type coardafa Hiib.
OrfhuHtha Hiib., Verz. 338, 1818, type pliimbaria Fab.
Mesotype Hiib., Verz. 338, 1818. typti parallelaria Hiib.
Euboliri Dap., Hist. Nat. viii, 162, 1829, type limitata Scop.
Larentia Dup., Hist. Nat. viii. 358, 1829. type cervinata Schiff.
Zeryntha Curt., Brit. Ent. 296, 1830, type didymnta L.
CymasouHa Sodof , Bull. Imp. Soc. Mosc. 126 1837, type montannUt Bork.
Emebia Dup., Cat. Meth. 249, 1844, type bipiincfaria Schif.
Coremia Guen., Phal. ii, 408, 1857, type munitata Hiib.
Palpi moderate, porrect ; tongue developed ; clypeus smooth, or
slightly tufted ; antennae of % bipectinate, of 9 filiform ; thorax
and abdomen untufted ; fore tibiae unarmed ; hind tibiai with all
spurs; fore wings 12 veins, two accessory cells, 6 shortly stemmed
with 7 or separate ; hind wings 8 vein.s, 8 with cell to beyond niiddlo
Species : —
A', volucer Hulst, n. sp. A', ntuiiifata Hiib.
X. incursata Hiib. X. ferrugata Hixh.
X. abrasaria H.-Sch. {_Gn.) X. unidentaria Haw.
A', multilineafa Pack. (im})licata X. montanata Haw.
A', illocata Hulst, n. sp. X. convallaria (iuen.
A'. borealU Hulst, n. sp. X. defenmria Guen.
A^ uemorella Hulst, n. sp. X. fiuctaata L.
A', algidata Moesch.
X. borealis n. sp. — Expands 26 mm. Antennre blackish ; head fuscous
brown, reddish at summit; thorax and abdomen dark fuscous. Wingf- dull fus-
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA. 293
cous ochreous; base dark brown, and a central broad band of tlie same color.
Tbe central band evenly rounded witbin, and tbe basal j)ortiou rounded vvitbout.
the ground color between having its sides sub])arallel and nearly as wide at costa
as at inner margin ; outer edge of central band somewhat sinuous wavy, the band
itself being nearly as broad at inner margin as at costa. an outer scalloped line
brown, the teeth inward; faint indications of submarginal wavy lines; hind
wings same color as fore wings with tbe wing to middle considerably darker;
faint indications of outer wavy lines; discal spots black, distinct on all wings,
somewhat elongate on fore wings; underneath fuscous, the inner half of all
wings darker; discal spots as above.
Alaska.
X. ueinorella n. sp — Expands 31 33 mm. Head, thorax and abdomen
dark fuscous ochreous. Wings smoky ochreous, with a band of chocolate-brown
on fore wings near middle. This band is evenly rounded within, sinuous without,
three to four times broader at costa. than at inner margin ; faint indications of
submarginal wavy shades; hind wings without band, but with faint wavy shad-
ings; discal spots wanting on hind wings, and scarcely or not at all evident on
fore wings; veins on fore wings brokenly lined with black; beneath as above,
with a strong reddish shading, the central liand fiiintly showing on fore wings,
and a faint dentated central line on hind wings.
California ; Alaska ; Aleutian Islands. Very much like the pre-
ceding species, but with fore wings more pointed and subfalcate,
larger, and with a differently shaped central band.
\. illocata n. sp. — Expands 30-32 mm. Head fuscous; thorax and abdo-
men fuscous cinereous; fore wings jjointed, somewhat falcate, light cinereous,
with a smoky washing ; fore wings without band, in some specimens without in-
dications of one, in others with outer lines of a central band present, black, wavy
on both sides, more separate at costa than at inner margin: hind wings unicol-
orous, discal spots faint or absent on all wings; beneath color as ground color
above without markings.
Alaska ; Oregon. This is closely allied with the two preceding.
jNIy material is not v'ery large, and it is possible that with more ma-
terial they may be found to intergrade. X. nemorella has superfi-
cially very much the same appearaiK^e as Zeiiophlcps lupdcolorata
Pack., though the band of the fore wings is much more distinct.
X. V4»liicer n. sp. — Expands 30-34 mm. Palpi ocher fuscous or blackish ;
front and thorax ocher fuscous, or fuscous gray. Abdomen ochreous ; fore wings
mouse-gray to ocher gray, darker narrowly along costa, unicolorous, except a
broad outer lightening of color beginning at costa extending backward to vein 5,
then making almost a right angle inward, gradually fading from costa and be-
coming lost beyond the angle : bind wings color of fore wings, or a shade lighter,
unicolorous, or with a faint dentate black line running from middle of inner
margin subparallel with outer margin and on submarginal space; beneath much
as above on fore wings, but the marginal field darker; costal edge at base jet
black, and an indication of a black line at costa within outer band, which is
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. AUGUST, 1896.
*S
294 GEORGE D. HULST.
fainter than above ; hind wings mouse-gray, veins at cell some marked with black
scales; an outer black line beginning at middle of inner margin ringing out-
wardly subparallel with outer margin, with outward teeth on veins becoming
broken, indistinct and deeply dentate on veins towards anterior margin.
New Mexico ; Arizona ; Colorado. The New Mexico specimen
from Mr. Cockerell taken at Santa Fe in July.
43. L,OXOFII>0]VIA Pack.
Geom. Moths, 213, 1876.
Type acidaliata Pack.
Thyone Meyr, Tr. N. Zeal. Inst, xvi, 61, 1883, type abrogatn Walk.
Asnphodeii Meyr, Tr. N. Zeal. lust, xviii, 184, 1885, type abrogata Walk.
Palpi long, porrect, long rough scaled, or hairy; tongue devel-
oped ; front rough scaled ; antennne of S bipectiuate ; thorax and
abdomen rougli scaled or hairy, untufted ; hind til^itie with all spurs.
Wings broad, even ; fore wings 12 veins, one accessory cell, 5 nearer
6 than 4 in type ; hind wings 8 veins, 8 with cell almost its whole
length.
The synonyms are given on authority of Mr. Meyrick.
Species. — L. acidaliata Pack.
L. Jrigidaria Guen.
MONOCTENIIN^.
Synopsis of Genera.
1. Antennse of % bipectiuate 2.
Antennae of % not bixiectinate 2. $$ynoniila.
2. Fore wings 7 stemmed with 8 3.
Fore wiugs 7 separate from 8 1. jflel»ii4»inin».
3. Antennse of % with fascicles of hairs on short i)ectinations 4. I'itotu..
Autenuaj of % with long pectinations without fascicles of hairs.
3. Ilieiuatopsis.
1, AIEL.A MOMMA Grt.
Tr. A. E. S. 5, 117, 1875.
Type anricinctariiim (Jrt.
I'alpi long, slender, erect, or strongly ascending, end member lon-
ger than usual ; tongue develoi)ed ; antennie of 1 bipectiuate, of
9 filiform with a spinous hair from summit of each segment; hind
tibia' with all si)urs ; 12 veins, (5, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 1 1 se})arate, () below
middle of cell, 12 free ; hind wings, 8 and 4 short stemmed ; o near
to 4, (j and 7 stemmed, 8 shortly joined to cell at base, diverging
almost Sterrhid like.
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTKRA. 295
I ])lace this genus here doiihtfully, us T am not altogether sure it
is a Geometer. The venatioil of the hind wings is about as much
like that of the Sterrhinae as of this subfamily, but, in other respects
while peculiar, it seems better placed here. I have no S , and can
give only the chai-acter of the S antenna?, which was the onl}'
structual character of the % given by Mr. Grote.
Species. — M. aariciiictarinm Grt.
2. SYXOWILA n.gen.
Type imbuchreata Hulst.
Palpi shoi-t, slender ; tongue obsolete ; front flat ; antennie filiform
pubescent in both sexes; hind legs without spurs, weak, somewhat
aborted in % ; fore wings one accessory cell, 12 veins, 6 separate ;
hind wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 6 and 7 stemmed, 8 with cell
nearly to middle.
Species. — S. subochreata Hulst.
3. H.£.nATOPSIS Hiib.
Verz. 301, 1818.
Type grataria Fab.
Palpi short, slender; tongue developed ; front bulging, flattened;
antenme strongly bi})ectinate in S , simj)le in 9 ; hind tibiie with
two pairs of spurs in both sexes; fore wings, one accessory cell, 12
veined, 6 separate ; hind wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 6 and 7
stemmed ; 8 joined with cell, hut separating before middle.
Species. — H. grataria Fab.
4. PAOT.4. n. gen.
Type fitUaria Grt.
Palpi moderate, slender, porrect ; front flattened, scaled, untufted ;
tongue developed ; antenna; shortly bipectinate in % , w-ith a fascicle
of hairs on each pectination ; hind tibiie with all spurs ; foi'e wings
12 veins, one accessory cell, 6 and 7 separate; hind wings 8 veins,
o and 4 separate, 6 and 7 stemmed, 8 joined with cell nearly to
middle.
Species. — P. f altar ia Grt.
STERRHIN^.
The Sterrhime are a grou}) separated by the peculiar merging of
vein 8 of hind wings with the cell. They are, in the main, small,
frail insects, and in the more specialized forms show decided {)ecu-
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. AUGUST, 1896.
296 GEORGE D. HUL8T.
liarities. A very common, iind perhaps the most remarkable of
these, is the tendency of the hind legs to obsolescence, in part or as
a whole. The spurs are often partly or altogether absent. Some-
times the hind tibine are largely developed with heavy hair pencil in
the males, the tarsi being much shortened, and again the wliole leg
is sometimes practically obsolete in the males. The development
seems to have been as follows : The hair pencil has developed on the
hind tibite, and, with its increased develo[)ment and use for orna-
mentation, the spurs and tarsi have been absorbed, so that the hind
legs have become useless for their normal purpose. A change of
development then seems to have taken place ; the pencil has been
gradually aborted, and the leg being useless for its normal purpose
has tended to become obsolete. I have found no instance where the
leg is absolutely wanting, but there are many where it is very de-
cidedly reduced. This tendency, also shown auiong the Geometrinse,
is, so far as I know, unique among the Lepidoptera.
In this family the tongue is always developed, the fore tibiae are
never clawed, and the clypeus never tubercled. The venation of
the fore wings is to an extent variable, but the number of accessory
cells is rarely subject to variation. A peculiar feature is the ab-
normal and deltoid development of the })alpi in a few species.
Of the typical genus Sten-ha Hiib., of which Acidalla Treit. is a
synonym, I have as yet found no representative in our fauna.
STERRHIN^.
Synojisis of Genera.
1. Hind tiliiie of 9 with nijjier spurs present 2.
Hind tibise of 9 with ujjper sjjurs absent 13.
2. Hind tibiie of % with end spurs jjresent 3.
Hind tibia^, of % witli end spui's absent 9.
3. Hind tibiie of % with upper si)urs present 4.
Hind tibiie of % witli U])i>cr spurs absent 6.
4. Palpi long 5.
Palpi nioderHte 1. Calotliysaiiis.
5. Palpi very long, deltoid ; fore wings 10 on 9 5. i^IyC'ttM'opliora.
Palpi long, fore wings 10 on 11 1. Prowaparia.
(i. Antennse of % bipectinate 7.
Antennae of % not bipectinate 8.
7. Fore wings with accessory cell 7. I^eiicoplillialiiiia.
Fore wings without accessory cell (). Oeplaliii.
8. Fore wings with accessory cell 10. Ciiigliw.
Fore wings without accessory cell 17. !iig<'la.
AMKKKAX LKl'lDOPTKUA. 297
9. Fore wings with no accossory cell, or one only 10.
Fore winjrs with two accessory (;ells 11.
10. Abdomen of % tufted laterally at end S S.r iK'lyM.
Al)donien of ^ not tufted laterally at end i:{. IjeptonieriK.
11. Fore winjfs extended, acute; hind win<;s strongly aiigulate 2. I'igia.
Fore wings normal ; hind wings rounded 12.
12. Hind wings with fringe of hairs beneath at base of vein 8.
11. Scclol4»|»liia.
Hitul wings with no such fringe 12. C'liaroiiiiiiaitiesi.
1'3. Hind tiliise of ^ with end spurs present 1"). KiiiiiiiltiN.
Hind tibiie of % with end s])urs absent 11.
14. Antennie of 'J, bipectinate 9. Xyiiitrota.
Antenna} of % not bipectinate 1.").
15. Middle and hind legs fringed with hairs KJ. l*teiiO|»oda.
Middle and hind legs not fringed with hairs 1(1.
Id. Hind wings of % with hair fringe along inner margin IT.
Hind wings of % without such fringi; lf<.
17. Fore wings 8 veined 10. Caoniacidalia.
Fore wings 12 veined 18. ■.•wpliOKiM.
18. Hind wings rounded inwardly at vein 5 '.i. l-^iiaeidalia.
Hind wings not rounded inwardly at vein 5 14. ICoiiii.
1. €AI.OTIIYKAi\IK Hiib.
Verz. 301, 1818 {Enistria Hiib., Tentanien 1810).
Type amata Linn.
^lirtKljipeteg Steph., Oat. 128, 1829, tyi)e amata L.
Timandra Dup., Hist. Nat. viii, 224, 1829, type ornate L.
Palpi short, slender ; face flat ; tongue developed ; anterinte strongly
bipectinate; hind tibiae with two pairs of spurs in both sexes; fore
wings, one accessory cell, 12 veins, 6 separate, 11 from cell; hind
wings, 8 veins, 6 and 7 separate or stemmed, 8 shortly joined with
cell near base then rapidly diverging.
Species. — C. amafuraria Wlk.
C. viridipeunarla (Jiien.
2. PIGIA (Juen.
I'hal. ii. 19, 18.".
Type tergeminaria H.-Sch.
Palpi moderate, porrect, rather stout ; tongue developed ; front
flat, narrow ; antennto of % simple, witii fine fascicles of hairs, 4 on
each segment ; hind tibiae of S without spurs, swollen, with strong
hair pencil, tarsi nearly aborted ; hind tibite of 9 with two pairs
of spurs; fore wings, 12 veins, two acces.sory cells, (i separate; hind
wings, 8 veins, 'A and 4 separate, (i and 7 .separate oi- stemmed, ^^
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (38) SKl'TKM KKK. 1«»6
298 GEORGE D, HULST.
shortly joined with cell then rapidly diverging ; fore wing with apex
extended, acute ; hind wings quadrate with strong angle at vein 4
on outer margin.
Species. — P. multilineata Hulst.
3. EIIACIDAL.IA Pack.
Fifth Report Peab. Acad. Sci. 69, 1873.
Type sericeata Pack.
Palpi moderate, slender, ascending ; front smooth ; antennje of
% dentate ciliate ; hind tibise of S without spurs, without hair
pencil, very weak and partially aborted, of 9 with end spurs only ;
fore wings 12 veins, 6 separate, 10 on 9, II from cell ; hind wings
8 veins, 6 and 7 stemmed ; the outer edge of the wing is rounded in
at vein 5, and again more slightly just above anal angle, this latter
being more decided in the 9 than in the Z .
Very near to Eois, and distinguished only by the inner sinus of
the hind wings at vein 5.
Species. — E. sericeata Pack.
4. l>ROSAPARIA Grt.
Can. Ent. xv, 130. 1883.
Type perfuscaria Grt.
Palpi very long, projected forward, porrect or subascending ; cly-
peus flat, close scaled ; antenna} of % bipectinate ; tongue obsolete ;
thorax and abdomen untufted ; fore tibitie unarmed ; liind tibite with
two pairs of spurs; fore wings apex pointed, outer margin even, two
accessory cells, 12 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 5 near 4, 6 separate, 7
separate, 8 stemmed with 9, 10 stemmed with 11, 12 separate; hind
wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 5 near 4, 6 and 7 separate, 8 joined
with cell shortly, then rapidly diverging.
Species. — P. fmcar'm Grt.
5. MYC'TEKOI'IIORA n. gen.
Type munticola Hulst.
Palpi very long, deltoid like, slender, porrect, second member
nmch the longest ; tongue developed ; antennae strongly bipectinate
in % , ciliate in 9 ; front with loose hairs, scarcely tufted ; hind
tibise with two pairs of spurs ; fore wings one accessory cell, 12 veins,
3 and 4 separate, 5 nearer 4 than 6, 6 separate from 7,11 from cell
separate from accessory cell ; hind wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 separate,
5 nearer 4 than 6, H and 7 short stemmed, 8 shortly joined to cell,
then ra})idly diverging.
AMERICAN LKl'IDOPTERA. 299
An aberrant genus, distinguished by tlie extraordinarily long
palpi, which are nuu-h more extended than in any other American
genus. I have only the % of one species, and only the 9 of the
other, but as far as these give characteristics they are congeneric.
Species. — M. inonticola Hulst, n. sp.
J/, longipalpata Hulst, n. sp.
m. inonticola. u. sp. — Expands 32 mm. Paljji grayish black, ascending
slightly, round, with loose projecting scales, end member black at base, blackish
gray at end; front black, loosel.v scaled ; summit butt' colored ; anteiiiue of %
black; thorax biilf colored. Legs blackish, mixed with ocher, becoming ochre-
ons at ends of joints ; fore wings butt" color, with an intei'mixing of fusc^ous scales,
the color quite even over all wings: a basal black cross-line angulated at middle;
a broad black cross-line at middle of wing, even, rounded on cell ; an outer black
cross-line narrower than the preceding, and nearly parallel with it, shortly den-
tate its whole length ; the outer field slightly shaded : marginal line black ; a
black spot on cell half way between basal and middle cross lines, much further
towards base than the ordinary position of the discal spot; hind wings with the
lines of the fore wings continued, except that the basal is obsolete; the outer
edge of the wings somewhat wavy : beneath faintly showing the markings above ;
colors all lighter.
Sierra Nevada, California.
M. lonj^ipalpata n. sp. — Expands '20 mm. Palpi dark gray, lighter to-
wards base, rounded with loose scales ; front black, summit gray ; antenna? inter-
lined, light gray and blackish; thorax fuscous gray; fore wings fuscous, pretty
evenly sprinkled with blackish scales giving a dark fuscous gray color, there are
also a few scattered scales of a violet-red color, these being more prevalent at
base of fore wings, within discal spot, and over the middle and outer field of hind
wings giving a faint violet shading to the wings; fore wings with a broken black
basal line, a broken middle band, and a more distinct extra-discal line, natrow,
black, broadly rounded at cell, wavy scalloped ; a black spot on cell between fir.st
and second liiies ; marginal line black ; hind wings with cuter and marginal lines
of fore wings ; discal spot large, black, lengthened ; both the fore and hind wings
have waved outer margins; beneath as above, lighter and fainter.
Soda Springs, Siskiyou County, California. From Mr. Behrens,
July id.
(i. DEPTALrIA n. gen.
Type insularia Guen.
Palpi erect, reaching above head ; tongue developed ; front rounded,
short scaled ; anteniuie strongly bipectinate in S ; hind tibiie of %
with only end pair of spurs present, not swollen, without hair pencil ;
hind tibiie of 9 with both pairs of spurs present; fore wings with-
out accessory cell, discal cell short, 12 veins, 8 and 4 from a point,
6 separate, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 1 1 on one stem ; a tufting of long scales
TRANS. AM. KNT. .SOC. .\XIII. SEPTKMBKR, 1H96.
'■>00 GEORGE D. IIULST.
at base of wino; on subcostal vein; hind wings S veins, cell short,
triangular, 8 and 4 stemmed, 6 and 7 stemmed, 8 shortly joined with
cell near base, then rapidly diverging.
Species. — D. insularla Gn.
7. I.EUC;OPHTIIAL.MIA Hiib.
Verz. 302. 1818 {Cychphora Hiib.. Teiitanien IHIO).
Tyj)e annuJata Schif.
CycJophura Hiib., Verz. .302, 1818, type annidata Schlz.
Cosi/mhia Hiib., Verz. 302, 1818, t.vpe pupaUaria Hiib.
Codonia Hiib.. Verz. 302. 1818, type pnnctaria L.
Pycfis Hiib.. Verz. 309. 1818. type irilmearia Bork.
Ephyra Dup., Hist. Nat. viii, 20, 1829. tyyte peHdnlinaria CI.
Zonosoma Led., Z. B. Ges. Wien, 194, 1853, type pendulinaria CI.
Pal{)i moderate, subascending, slender ; front smooth ; antennje of
% bipectinate, of 9 filiform ; hind tibiie of S with end .spurs only
not swollen and without hair pencil ; hind tibiae of 9 with all
spurs present; fore wings 12 veins, one accessory cell, 6 separate,
11 from cell ; hind wings >S veins, 3 and 4 separate, 6 and 7 stennned,
8 shortly joined with cell, then rapidly diverging.
Mr. iVIeyrick calls this genus Leucopldhalmla. Cosymbla is [)rinted
l)efore it in the Verzeichniss, and so has priority in location, but
under the rules the choice of Mr. Meyrick must be followed, ('i/cfo-
phora is preoccu})ied in the Molusca.
Species : —
C. myrtaria Guen. C. datarla Hulst.
C. eulicarui Qtwen. .. [Guen.) ( [ aihoco-<t(dlat(i I*'dck.
C ly,meuaria Hiib. (penduliiiaria ('. patuiarid Guen.
C. serrulata A*ixck. .,-
8. SYXKI^YS n. -en.
Type emmdeuta (xiien.
Pal})i short, [)orrect ; tongue developed; front flat, short scaled;
antenne dentate fascicled in S , ciliate in 9 . Abdomen of % with
small pencil of hairs laterally on last .segment; hind tibite of %
lengthened, swollen, with hair pencil, without spurs, tarsi very short
and small ; of 9 with two pairs of spurs, not swollen ; foi-e wings
12 veins, one accessory cell, G widely separate, 10 on 9, 11 from cell ;
hind wings 8 veins, 6 and 7 separate, the wings with an angle at end
of vein 4.
Species : —
S. eiinuc/eafa (in. [UV/. ) S. ordiiuitu W]k.
S. alahddarhi Hiib. (rccoiiditaria S. xubqimdniia (Jn.
S. thnaiulrafd Wlk. S. ninbUlenUt (Jn.
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTKKA. 301
9. XYSTROTA n. gen.
Type hepaticiiria (Jtien.
Palpi short, porrect ; front ?iiiiooth ; anteiinte of % l)i])ectinate
with fascicle of hairs at end of each pectination ; hind tihiie of %
without spurs or hair pencil, the whole leg almost obsolete; hind
tibise of 9 without median spurs; fore wings 12 veins, 10 out of 9,
two accessory cells; hind wings 8 veins, 6 and 7 stemmed.
S})ecies. — A', hepaticuria (iuen.
10. CI]VGLI$« «u*n. ^ '
I'lial. ii, 114. 1857.
Type humifusaria Evens.
Palpi moderate, porrect, rough scaled; face smooth ; antennie of
% l)ii)ectinated, pectinations short, ending in fascicles of long cilia ;
thorax glabrous beneath; femora glabrous; posterior tibiie of %
without median spurs, slender ; of 9 with all spurs present; fore
wings 10 out of 9, 11 anastomosing with 9; hind wings 6 and 7
stemmed.
This is Mr. Meyrick's description of the genus. I have not seen
the type.
Species : —
C liiteolata Hulst. C conpensata Wlk.
a. xi)nil(ir!a Walk. C. ancellatu Hulst.
(\ (jnafJrl/liiearid Pack. C futicata Hulst.
('. j)iir(it(( Gn. C. albididit Hulst, n. .sp.
<'. iilhidiila n. sp. — Expands 21 mm. Palpi whiti.sh below, blackish above;
front l)lackisli ; thorax and abdomen white; all wings pure snow-white, with a
few scattered black scales intermixed ; fore wings with a faint blackish basal line,
not on hind wings; also, and continued on the hind wings, an intra-discal scal-
loped line, dentate outwardly on veins where the black is emphasized ; this is
slightly rounding in its course on both wings; on the hind wings the black discal
]»oint is outwardly in one of the scjillops; a submarginal, slightly wavy, dentate
black line, parallel with outer margin, and on hind wings as well: marginal line
line black ; discal spots on all wings, fine, black ; beneath as above, n:ore faintly
I'evealing the cross-lines.
S. Florida. From Mrs. Slo.sson.
11. S€ELOI.OI>III.\ M.gon.
Tyjie /ormo.vd Hulst.
Palpi short, slender ; front closely scaled ; antennse .subdentate,
fascicled ciliate; thora.x even. A'bdomen even, tufted laterally on
last segment, and with strong hair tufts on second and third segments
TKANS. AM. KNT. S(M\ XXIII. SEI'TKMBR. 1 H»6.
302 GEORGE D. HULST.
below ; hind tibise in % short, without spurs, with strong hair pencil,
and the whole tibia with a fringe of hair ; tarsi short. Wings even,
the hind wings below with a fringe of hairs bent backward at base
of vein 8, and a smaller fringe at vein la.
I have the % only, and can give a diagnosis from it alone.
Species. — S.formosa Hulst, n. sp.
S. l«)rinosa n. sp. — Expands 18 mm. Palpi ochreous, with a reddish tinge:
front dull reddish ochreous; thorax light violet lavender. Abdomen ochreous;
fore wings light violet lavender, with some scattered blackish scales ; fore wings
with costa dull red ; cross-lines broad, faint, yellow ocher, one iutra-discal, a
second extra-discal, a third outer, and a fourth submarginal ; the outer line is
undulate with a rounding outward at cell and vein 2; the submarginal line runs
into the outer margin at vein 3 ; margin rather darker reddish : hind wings cor-
responding to fore wings, but third line becomes submarginal, and fourth line is
wanting, all very faint as in fore wings ; beneath fore wings light reddish ochre-
ous, hind wings yellow ocher at base, light ocher outw^ardly.
Texas.
12. C'HAROMIWrATJEA n. gen.
Type elta Hulst.
Palpi moderate, porrect, rather stout, long scaled below ; tongue
developed ; front close scaled, smooth ; antennae simple, fascicled
ciliate ; thorax and abdomen smooth; hind tibiie of % swollen,
rather short, with pencil or fringe of long fine hairs clothing inner
side ; no spurs present ; upper tarsus swollen, lengthened ; also edged
with long fine hairs, end tarsi slightly developed ; hind tibia? in 9
with two pairs of spurs ; fore wings rounded, even, two accessory
cells, 12 veins, 6 separate from 7 ; hind wings rounded, with a slight
tendency to angulation at vein 4, 8 veins, 3 and 4 separate or at a
point.
Easily known by the unique shape and pencilings of the hind legs
iu % . The only species is very different in coloration from any of
our. other species, and would scarcely be taken for a Sterrhid.
Species. — C. ella Hulst, n. sp.
C ella u. sp. — Expands 25-30 mm. Palpi dull purple reddish ; front dull
reddish ; thorax bright golden-yellow. Abdomen fuscous yellow. Wings briglit
clear yellow; fore wings witli faint, rather broad blackish basal line showing in
three or four spots ; a faint extra-discal line, and an outer row of spots showing
between the veins; this is followed by a submarginal band of spots, larger and
more strongly marked, the ones at anal angle and middle of the wings being
much larger and more distinct ; a marginal •^•ow of black dots between the veins;
discal spot large, round, distinct, blackish ; hind wings with the lines of the fore
wings continued, except basal line; beneath as above, but washed with purjjle
reddish.
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 303
Central Texas. Very different in appearance from any other
Sterrhicl, and a most beautiful insect.
C elln var. eUafina n. var.
I have specimens from San Antonio, Texas, where the brilliant
golden yellow is buff with a reddish tinge, with the lines more dis-
tinct, and the red below more decided, and to them I give this va-
rietal name. They iiave (^uite a distinct appearance.
13. I.EPTOMERIS Hiil).
Verz. 310. 1818.
Type umbellaria Hiib.
Craspedia Hiib., Verz. 312, 1818, type ornafa Scop.
Dodthea Dup., Hist. Nat. viii, 43, 1829, type ornafa Scop.
Paljji short or moderate, subascending ; face smooth ; antennae
serrate, or dentate fascicled ; hind tibiai of % swollen, long, with
hair pencil, without spurs ; of 9 ^vith all spurs ; hind tarsi of S
short, weak; fore wings 12 veined, 10 out of U, 11 from cell anasto-
mosing with 9 ; hind wings with 6 and 7 separate or stemmed.
Species : —
L. f/cmnutfa Pack. [Huld.) L. qidnqnelinearia Pack.
L. /(tretaria Hiib. (minutularia L. seiitiuaria Hiib.
L. occidentata Pack. L. tmujnetarixt, Gn.
L. kevitaria Hiib. ( floridata P^.) L. frigidaria Moesch.
L. roseotinctd Hulst, n. sp. L. ostentnria Walk.
L. lemulata Hulst, n. sp. L. plantageuaria Hulst.
Ij. roscotiiicta n. sp. — Expands 18 mm. Palpi reddish oclier; front and
thorax reddish oclu-r. Abdomen ocher, witli a reddisli tinj^e, the segments inter-
lined with blackish. Wings bright straw-yellow, basal field on all wings reddish
pink, and on all wings an onter rather broad band of the sjime color, irregular on
margins; on fore wings there is an extension outwardly to outer margin between
veins 3 and 4, and the same on hind wings from veins 2 to 4 ; beneath as above
exactly, and just as bright in color. Legs white or ocher, tinged with reddish.
Florida.
Ij. wniulata n. sp. — Expands 18-20 nun. Palpi dark fuscous, black at end ;
front blackish; summit ocher; thorax ocher to whitish, with a few black scJiles
intermixed. Abdomen whitish at base, becoming oclier posteriorly, and with
blackish interlinings; all wings dull (^lay-white with an ocher tinge, powdered
slightly with loose, sc^ittered, blackish scales; fore wings with a faint, dark fus-
cous, extra-discal band, subparallel with outer margin, generally obsolete ante-
riorly, more definite towards inner margin ; submarginal space fuscous, more
decided towards anal angle with an inner row of black dots on veins, and an
included wavy lighter line, marginal spots black ; hind wings with the bauds and
lines of fore wings continued, but darker and more distinct ; all discal spots black,
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. 8EPTEMBR, 1896.
304
GEORGE D. HULST.
distinct: benpath as above, the black powdering more dense and distinct and the
darker bands more einjihasized.
Charlotte Harbor, Florida, from Mrs. Slosson, taken in March.
The specimens are not bright in color and niay have hibernated.
The species is in appearance very much like Chiglis compensata Wlk.
14. EOI^i Hiib.
Verz. 308. 1818.
Type muricnta Hiifn.
Arrho.sfia Hiib., Verz. 311, 1818, type aversata L.
Ptychopoda Steph., Cat. 150, 1829, ty])e dilutaria Hiib.
Hijria Steph., Cat. 150, 1829, type muricut.a Hiib.
Carphoxera Eiley, Insect Life, iv, 112, 1892, type pielearia Riley.
Palpi short or moderate, rather slender ; front smooth ; antenna'
serrate or dentate in % , with fascicles of hairs ; hind tibiae without
spui-s in % , the whole leg more or less aborted, tibiie with hair pen-
cil; in 9 middle spurs wanting; fore wings 12 veins, 10 ou 9, 11
from cell ; hind wings 8 veins, 6 and 7 stemmed or rarely se{)arate.
Species : —
E. parvularia Hulst. E. pallida Hulst, n. sp.
E. ptelearia Riley. E. eburneata Gueu.
E. scintillarin Hulst. [^Fack.) E. lacteolata Lint, [briata I'k.)
E. deniissaria Hiib. ( ferrugata E. obfustaria Walk, (punctotim-
E. hill lata Hulst.
E. jiavesceiis Hulst, n. sp.
E. microphysa Hulst, n. sp.
E. delicata Hulst, n. sp.
E. peralbata Pack.
E. longipennata Pack.
E. nimbicolor Hulst, n. sp.
E. ossnlaria Hiib.
E. granitata Pack.
E. lanceolata Hulst, n. sp.
E. balistaria Hiib. (perirrorata
E. nifescens Hulst, n. sp. \_Pack. )
E. volucrata Hulst.
E. qiuesitata Hulst.
E. rotandopemiata Pack.
E. inductata Guen.
E. productata Pack.
E. australis Hulst, n. sp.
E. sideraria Guen. \^Pack.)
E. atdicaria Walk, (subalbata
E. basipunctaria Walk.
E. rcfractaria Walk.
E. albij'cra Walk.
K. flavO!»C*diS n. sp. — Expands 20 mm. Pal])i ochor ; front fuscous o(her ;
liiorax. alxloinen ana all wings light ochcr; tiie fore wings are slightly darkiT
basally along costa, and there is a very faint, slightly darker outer rounded line :
discal sjiot very faint on fore wings, smaller, more distinct on hind wings, black-
ish ; beneath as above, the outer line of fore wings showing a little more plainly.
Locality unknown, but from the United States, and probably
from Texas.
AMKKICAN LEPIDOPTEUA. 305
K. niicrophyNH n. sp. — Expands 14 mm. Palpi and front Jet lilack ; sum-
mit between tlie antenuiP pure white ; collar blackish ; thorax dark {fray. Ab-
domen dark gray, interlined with blaokisli ; all wings light gray, very tliickly
powdered with blackish and fuscous scales giving a general dark gray color, this
varying in intensity a little, and thus showing faintly a broad extra basal band
running nearly parallel with outer margin, also a slight lightening into a sub-
marginal shading parallel with margin, the hind wings continuing these; discal
spots blackish, fairly distinct; beneatli mucli as above, but more fuscous and le,ss
clear.
Pananiint Valley, Culiforiiia. From Dr. Kiley, taken hy Mf.
Koebele on the Death Valley Ex])e(lition. In >.'ational Museum
collection.
E. <lelieata n. sp. — Ex])ands 17 mm. l'ali>i and front fuscous otther; thorax
ochreous, as is also the abdomen ; all wings straw ochreous ; fore wings extended,
pointed, very rounded at anal angle giving the wings an almost even lanceolate
form ; a black, rather broad ba.sal line, angulated outwardly on cell, from thence
straight to inner margin ; a blackish intra-discal band and a black extra-discal
line slightly bent outward beyond di.scal spot and inward near inner margin; a
submarginal fuscous cloud, broadest at vein 6 and between veins Sand 5; hind
wings with the middle and outer lines and the submarginal shading of the fore
wings continued, the shading broadest between veins 2 and 4. and between 6 and
7 : beneath as above, but fainter.
Las Cruces, New Mex., from Mr. C'ockereil.
K. iiiinbicolor n. sp. — Expands 17 mm. — Palpi dark fuscous gray; front
blackish ; thorax gray. Abdomen fuscous gra.v. Wings even light ash-gray, with
three not very distinct black wavy cross-lines, generally showing in scattered
black scales, one intra-discal, another extra-discal. rather broad, showing more
distinctly at costa and on the wings; a third line outer, finer, very indistinct on
fore wings, except at costa; more distinct in bia-jk dots on hind wings: discal
S5)(>t on hind wings faint, on fore wings not evident ; l)elow even cinereous.
Florida, taken in April.
K. lancewlata n. sp. — Expands 18-20 nun. Very much in coloration and
ajipearance as Kois nivalis, the wings scarcely so extended and pointed. Palpi
gray, blackish on tip ; front and thorax whit(\ with an intermixture of blackish
scales. Abdomen white, with interlining of fuscous: all wings white, with .scat-
tered fuscous scales a little thicker in spots and lines ; a broad intra-di.scal fuscous
cros.s-line, not very distinct, and the submarginal space fuscous, inner edge even,
parsillel with outer margin : hind wings witli corresjjonding bands, marginal lines
fuscous, narrow, fringes white, with scattered dark scales; beneath as above,
more clear and distinct.
Arirus Mountains, California, April, from Dr. Kiley, and taken
by Mr. Koebele on, I believe, the Death Valley Expedition. In
National Museum collection.
K. rul'oscons n. s]). — Expands 20 mm. Palpi whitish, fuscous tinged ; front
the s;inie color : thorax ochreous fuscous. Abdomen ochreous; fore wings rusty
ochreous, even in color, with bhickish discal spot and faint iii(Ii<"itions in a liglil-
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (39) SKI'TKMHEK. lh!tt)
806 GEORGE D. HULST.
ened color of even, straight, subinarginal lines, nearly jiaralUO with outer margin ;
marginal line blackish, fringes white, interlined with black : hind wings dirty
light fuscous, with faint shadings of extra-discal darker lines; discal spot black-
ish ; marginal line bhurkish : fringes white, with blackish scales intermixed ;
beneath lighter and more clear in color than above, the fore wings powdered with
black apically and subinarginally, and the hind wings over the whole surface ;
discal spots clear, distinct.
Austin, Texas. Very near in the sliape and character of mark-
ings, so far as they arc; a[)|)arent, to E. perlrrorain Pack.
K. pallida n. sp. — Expands 18 mm. Palpi and front jet black; thoi-ax
sordid gray. Abdomen gray at base, ochreous posteriorly, with a jet black lateral
longitudinal dash on thii-d and fourth segments ; antennte with fascicles of hairs
in % ; all wings whitish, pretty generally sprinkled over with fuscous scales,
giving a general dull whitish appearance; fore wings with a broken, indefinite
black basal line, another extra-discal. more distinct, but yet broken, rounding at
discal spot, irregular, extending within discal spot rather evenly, and more dis-
tinct across iiind wings : an outer black line, broken, very irregular and indefi-
nite, continued clearly and sharply across hind wings, where it is irregularly and
deeply dentate ; marginal line of black spots largely obsolete ; discal spots black ;
beneath as above, the lines more indistinct and costa dark fuscous.
Bhiiico County, Texas.
K. aiiNtraliN n. sp. — Expands 26 mm. Palpi fuscous ocher ; front black;
thorax and abdomen ocher; all wings ocher. slightly washed with fuscous, and
with scattered fuscous scales ; on the fore wings the fuscous is slightly deepened,
giving faint indications of an extra-discal and outer wived cross-lines, which are
continued a little more distinc^tly across hind wings; margins slightly fuscous;
beneath as above, slightly lighter in color, with the lines more even and a little
more distinct.
Florida, from Mr. E. L. Graef.
1.5. El?i;»IL.TIS Iliib.
Verz. 309, 1818.
Type pi/gm;enria Hiib.
Anthumetrin Rois., Index Meth. 2:51, 1840, type plumnhiria Bois.
Pal()i moderate, front smooth, or sonunvhat tufted ; antennie hi-
pe(!tinate in S ; hind tibite of % not swollen, without hair ])eueil,
with end spurs only; of 9 with end spurs only; fore wings 12
veins, 10 from !), 11 from cell ; himl wings 8 veins, 0 and 7 stemmed.
I do not know that the typical genus Htcrrhd is represented in the
United States. It ditlers from EiiDnilfix in having simple antennie
in S . I have only the 9 of fforulutd, and it is possible the % may
show it to belong to Sterrha..
Species. — E. Hparmarl'i Wlk. ( psilogrammaria Zcll.)
E. Jioriddfa Hulst.
AMEHICAX LKPIDOPTEHA. 307
1(5. l»TK.\OI»OI>A 11. iivu.
Tyi)f miniiiihi 1 In 1st.
Palpi .^Iiort, sloiulcr ; front .■smooth; anteinue .simple, ciliate fasci-
cled ; liiiul tihiie of % without spurs, long, lined the whole length
with a fringe of long hairs, and with a long thick pencil of hairs;
middle til)i;e al.<o fringed with long hairs; fore til)ia' very long, con-
siderably longer than femora, very slender, clo.sely scaled ; tarsi
almost aborted on hind legs, and apjjarently entirely so on middle
legs; fore wings \'l veins, (5 separate, 10 on 9, 11 from cell, one
accessory cell ; hind wings 8 veins, (i and 7 stemmed.
Remarkable for the peculiar fringing of the middle and hind
tibiic in % , and in this unitpie so far as I know.
Species. — P. mtntiula Hulst, n. sp.
P. iniranda n. sp. — P^xpands 24 mm. Palpi oclier fuscous, black at tip;
front black ; summit between antennae, thorax and abdomen ba.sally light ocher,
the abdomen becoming ocher fuscous posteriorly ; fore wings whitish ocher
sprinkled with fuscous scales, hut not so plentifully on middle field ; a faint sinu-
ous basal line ; a broad fu.scous line passing just beyond discal spot, wavy sinuate ;
an outer fuscous line indistinctly dentate, subparallel with outer margin ; a sub-
marginal fuscous clouding divided by a lighter colored space; marginal line of
bla(^k dots ; hind wings light ocher with fuscous atoms, extreme base fuscous, and
the outer lines and shadings of the fore wings continued ; a marginal line of
black points; the marginal dots are in all wings in the fringes just at end of
veins : hind wings slightly sinused in below anterior angle on outer margin fuim
veins 7 to ~t ; below as above, but fainter. Legs with fringings bright oclier, the
pencil of the hind wings iieing blackish basally, becoming ocher at ends.
Blanco County, Texas.
17. SIGEI^.\ n. gen.
Tyjie perumhnita Hulst.
Palpi moderately long, subascending ; front rounded, short .scaled ;
antenna' evenly ciliated with hairs in S ; a pointed projection inside
on summit of basal ineud)er in Z ; between the anteunse a smooth
flattened .scale pad overhanging front ; hind tibiie with two pairs of
spurs in both sexes; fore wings without accessory cell, 12 veins, 6
sei)arate, 10 from 9, 11 from cell ; hind wings 8 veins, () and 7 long
stemmed.
A very peculiar, and so far as I know, uni(pu' genus, having what
seem to be leanings towards the Tineidie. The overhanging scale
tuft on summit of head is very rarely found, Phi/ufjraala being the
only genus I know of, and this is, with some doubt, a Geometer.
The projection on base of antennje is so far as I know uni(|uc among
TRANS. A\f. K.VT. .SOC. XXIII. SEPTfcMBKR, l»9(j
808 GEORGK D. HULST.
the Geoinetrina. There is one inner vein only to fore and hind
wings, and these are not fnrcate.
Species. — penumbrata Hulst, n. sp.
S. penumbrata n. sp. — Expands 14-16 mm. Palpi jet black, front dark
fuscous ; head tuft and thorax smooth, even mouse-gray. Abdomen dark fuscous
gray, slightly interlined with lighter color ; all wings blue-gray or light mouse
color with a violet tinge in certain lights with three or four indistinct dark spots
along costa ; in old specimens there is an indication of cross-lines in the more
mottled surface, this being more shown extradiscally on hind wings ; discal spots
fine, black, not very distinct ; marginal line dark gray, indistinct, as though the
wing edge were black, and this covered over with gray scales and showing
through ; beneath even light mouse-gray, discal spots and marginal lines faintly
showing.
Archei", Fhi., Mareii and April, from Dr. Riley, taken by Mr.
Koebele.
18. L.<»PHOSIK n. gen.
Type Inhecnlata Hulst.
Palj)i v^ery short, .slender; front short scaled ; antennae of % sub-
dentate with fa.scicles of hairs; fore wings probably with 12 veins;
hind wings 8 veins, the iiiner margin in % with an edging of long
coar.se hairs near base; hind tibi;e of S without spurs and with
.<trong hair pencil.
The unique specimen of the single species is in poor condition, and
I am unable to examine the venation fully. The tufting on the
inner margin of hind wings of the % warrants generic separation.
Species. — L. laheculata Hulst.
■\\-
19. OOIVIACIDALIA Pack.
Plfth Report Peab. Acad. S(M. 68, 187.3.
Type farciferata Pack. /
Palpi short, slender, front smooth ; antenna? simple, evenly ciliate ;
hind tibise of % very weak, the whole leg partially aborted ; fore
wings 8 veined ; 8, 9 and 10 wanting, 5 near 6 ; or the interpreta-
tion may be : 5 wanting, 6 and 7 separate, 7 separate from 8, 9 and
10 wanting; on the inner margin of the wing within vein 2 is a
swelling out of the wing modified above into a sort of a fovea cov-
ered with enlarged scales ; it is probably an incomplete fold ; hind
wings very much distorted in venation ; 6, 7 and 8 present as usual,
6 and 7 stemmed, l)ut the posterior part of the wing formed into a
broad fold extending the whole length of the inner margin, the
venation being greatly distorted ; the fold is edged within with long
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA. 309
liairs iind extends beyond tlie win^;, f<)rmin<;- an ear-like appearance
to the anal angle.
The genus forms a transition to our genera whicii lull under the
Strophidiinto, but froju the characteristic union of vein <S and the
cell of hind wings must be referred to the Sterrhinie. I do not
know the $ .
Species. — G. fitrcifemfa Pack.
STROPHIDIIN^.
The North American representatives of this subfamily are very
few in number, and are quite distinct from the more typical mend)ers
of the family. In two of the species the hind wings are incised on
the outer margin, and in the third the anterior margin on the hind
wings is strongly sinuate. The species are without the humeral
angle of vein 9 at base of hind wings.
I have hitherto called this subfamily the Microniime. Mr. Mey-
rick calls attention to the fact that Micronia Guen. is a synonym of
Strophldla Pliib., and of course the family name nuist be based on a
genus, not a synonym.
Synopsis of the Strophidiin.e.
1. Iliiid wiiifis with told along inner margin in 'J, 2.
Hind wings without fold 2. Calledapteryx.
2. Hind wings with vitreous sjiot above at base of cell in %, ■ .15. I*liilaj;i*:iiilst.
Hind wings without vitreous spot 1. Callizzia.
CALLIZZIA Pack.
Geom. Moths, 314, 1876.
Type amoratii Pack.
Palpi small, porrect or drooping ; clypeus flat, scaled ; antennae
dentate in S , cilitite in 9 , hiiely pubescent ; fore tibiie unarmed ;
hind tibiiB swollen, with two pairs of spurs; fore wings no accessory
cell, 12 vein.-5, o and 4 separate at lower angle of cell, 5 close to G at
up[)er angle, (> and 7 stemmed from angle, 8 and 9 stemmed from
anterior part of cell; 10, 11 and 12 separate; hind wings with two
notches or angles on outer margin at veins 4 and 7. In ?> 1 want-
ing, H and 4 from angle, 5 weak, (5 and 7 close, the wing surface
extended along inner margin making a hollow fold turned upward ;
in $ venation normal ; in both sexes 8 at once broadly diverging
from cell.
Species. — ('. (Diiorafa Pack.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. X.\III. SEPTEMBR. 1896.
310 GEORGE D. HULST.
CAI.I.EDAPTERYX Grt.
Tnins. Am. Ent. Soc. ii, 119, 186W.
Type dryopterafa Grt.
Palpi very small, pon-ect, slender ; clypeus flat, closely scaled ;
antemue ciliate, slightly flattened. Legs rather short, fore tibiae
unarmed ; hind tibiae swollen, with two pairs of spurs ; thorax and
abdomen uutufted ; fore wings arched at base of costa, then some-
what concave, very rounded at apex, angulated at middle, strongly
concave on hind niargrn, 12 veins, no accessory cell, 3 and 4 at lower
angle of cell, 5 close to 6 at upper angle, 6 and 7 stemmed fi-om
point of cell, 8 and 9 stemmed from anterior part of cell, 10 and 1 1
from near base ; hind wings with two angles on outer border, 8 veins,
3 and 4 stemmed, 5 nearer 6 than 4, 6 and 7 stemmed, 8 at once
broadly diverging from cell.
Species. — C. dri/ojjfenda Grt.
PHILAGRArLiA. n. gen.
Type slossonim Hulst.
Palpi moderate, slender, closely scaled, subascending ; clypeus flat,
closely scaled with overhanging scale tuft from base of antennae;
antennie flattened, finely j)ubescent ; thorax and abdomen closely
scaled, uutufted. Legs short, quite stout, fore tibi;e unarmed, hind
tibiae swollen, with two pairs of long s})urs, the upper being the lon-
ger; fore wings rouuded at apex, nearly even on outer margin,
concave on inner margin, no accessory cell, 12 veins, 3 at lower angle
of cell, 4 on outer margin of cell below middle, 5 near (5 at angle, 6
and 7 stenuned, 8 and 9 stemmed, 10 close to stem of 8 and 9, II
from anterior part of (tell ; hind wings sinuate on outer margin,
the outer reaches being at 4, 6 and 7, anterior margin broadly de-
veloped near base, 8 veins, 2 from near base of cell, 3 and 4 fi-om
angle, 5 from middle of cell, 6 and 7 from angle, 8 at once broadly
diverging from cell reaching to apex.
Species. — P. slossoniie Hulst, u. sp.
P. wlos^^onijC 11. sp.— ^Expands 25 mm. Palpi and front inky black ; an-
teiiuaa and aiiteiiiial tuft a soft oehreous brown; thorax the same color, faintly
washed with violet. Abdomen more oehreous. Wings violet-brown, more oehre-
ous on the inner half, all slightly speckled with darker brown scales ; fore wings
with faint traces of two fine basal lines, with a triangular blackish patch at mid-
dle of costa with point reaching one-third across wing, the base being on costa
and longest; another smaller corresponding blackish patch opjiosite along inner
margin, the limiting line being inky black, and the spot reaching one-fourth
across the wing, its apex being towards the apex of the costal triangle ; a dark
AMKlirCAX LKPIDOrTKRA. 311
marjiinal subapioal spot reacliiiif; to middle of outer i:iarj;iii ; a faint outer line,
wavy, siibi)arallel with inarjiin ; liind wings with jet black point a little out from
base not far from anterior marjrin ; a sinuate cross-line of reddish brown near
middle, edfred outwardly with light ochreous; beneatli violet-brown with scat-
tered darker scales, with faint indications of two bla(;k cross-lines at middle of
inner margin on fore wings; fore tibiii^ and all tarsi more or less washed with
violet-brown.
One h , South Florida, troin Mrs. .Sl()s.sou, to whom I fespectiully
dedicate it.
GEOMETRIN.E.
Tlie Geonietrina) are very closely related to the Sterrhinte. They
consist of the same simill frail insects, with the same aspect, and
with, in the main, the same structure. They are, however, gener-
ally easily distinguished by their color, which has given them the
designation " the greens." While the Sterrhinae approach the char-
acteristic venation of the Geometriuie, there is no difficulty in sepa-
rating them by the position of vein 5 of both wings. These sub-
families seem also to divide on the structure of the antennje. So
far as I have examined the antennse of the species, which are bipec-
tinate in the male, those of the kSterrhina3 have the pectinations
situated upon the bottom of the segments, while those of the Geo-
metrintie have them upon the top. The Geometrina' hav'e the same
tendency towards the obsolescence of the hind legs already noticed
in the Sterrhime.
The larva', so far as known, are characteristic and peculiar. They
are furnished with [)rotuberances on the segments, anil have, to some
extent, the habit of covering themselves with debris of leaves, thus
more effectually concealing themselves.
The family as limited seems to include more specialized forms of
other subfomilies. Among our species, apart from the characteristic
venation, there are found some with the distinctive venation of the
Hydriominse, some with that of the Sterrhime, and some with that
of the Ennomina). They make distinct sections of the subfamily,
and I am not entirely sure but that the genus Annemoria would
better i)e placed with the Hydriominse. The subfamily is mostly
tropical, and our si)ecies are few and rarely plentiful.
I sus|)ect that some of our genera will be found identical with
others described from tropical material from l)()th hemispheres, but
nothing definite can l)e determined till ty[)es are examined and com-
pared, which I have not had the opportunity of doing. The typical
genus Geometra I have not found in our fauna. Anaplodes is very
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBR, 1896.
312 GEORGE D. HULST.
close to it, but differs in that the aiitennje of the % are not l)ipecti-
nate to the apex.
Synopsis of tlie Geometrin^.
1. Hind wings 8 separate from cell, Ennomid like 2.
Hind wings 8 more or less joined with cell 4.
2. Hind tihiie of % with liair pencil 9. Aplodes.
Hind tibiifi of % without hair pencil 3.
3. Hind tibiae of % with two pairs of spurs 10. Aiiaplo<lcs.
Hind tihifp of % with one pair of spurs 8. <'lilorON<'a.
4. Hind wings vein 8 shortly joined with cell, then rapidly diverging. Sterrhid-
like 5.
Hind wings veins 8 joined with cell one-half its length, Hydriomenid like.
t. Aiiiieinoria.
5. Hind tibiae of % with end spurs only 6.
Hind tibiae of % npjter and end spurs 9.
6. Antenna* of % bipectinate 7.
Antennae of % not bipectinate 3. ]Veni4»ria.
7. Palpi long in both sexes 5. Cliloropterj'x.
Palpi not long in both sexes 8.
8. Palpi short in % ; hind tibiae of % with hair pencil. • • -2. Chloroclninys.
Palpi short in both sexes; hind tibiaj of % without hair pencil.
4. Eiicrowtis.
9. Paljji long in both sexes 6. Raclieospila.
Palpi long in 9 only ''■ Syiiolilora.
1. AIVNE^IORIA Pack.
Type unitaria Pack.
Palj)i nioderate, ascending, scaled; clypeus flat, untufted ; an-
tenna! of % bipectinate, the pectinations much longer than usual,
of 9 dentate ; thorax and abdomen untufted ; fore tibiae unarmed ;
hind tibijB with one pair of spurs in both sexes; fore wings even,
12 veins, 3 and 4 from angle, 6 at a point with 7, 10 on 9, 11 from
cell, 12, 11 and 10 anastomosing forming subcostal and (me acces-
sory cell ; hind wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 at angle, 6 and 7 stemmed,
8 with cell one-half or more of its length.
Very peculiar in the Hydriomenid-like union of 8 with cell in
hind wings.
Species : —
A. bidriaria Pack. A. (jraejiarki Ilulst.
A. JaHcolaria Gn. A. unitaria Pack.
2. <'III.<»K4»('HI.AIVIYK n. gen.
Type vhlorolenairia Guen.
Palpi moderate, end mend)er short in "S , long in 9 , subascend-
ing; front flat, short scaled; antennae strongly bipectinated in S,
f
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 318
ciliato ill 9 ', foi'e tihiie iinurnied ; hind til)ia> witli one pair of spur;*
in botli sexes, in % with long })eneil of hairs; tiiorax and alxlonien
u n tufted ; fore wings 12 veins, 10 on 9, 11 from cell, 12 free or
anastomosing witli 11 ; liind wings 8 veins, 8 and 4 separate, (J and
7 stemmed, <S joining cell near base then rapidly diverging.
Differs from Euchloris Hiib. in that the jialpi of 9 'ii'e long ;
from Sijtichlora Guen. in that there is one pair of s})iirs only present
in both sexes.
Species. — C. chloroleucaria Gn.
C. phyllinaria Zell.
3. \E.nOKIA Hiib.
Vcrz. 285. 1818.
Type viridnta Linn.
Chlorissa Steph.. III. iii, 315, 1831. type viriduta L.
Palpi moderate, or rather long, porrect ; clypeus flat, short scaled ;
antennae in % serrate or filiform, in 9 ciliate or fascicled ; hind
tibire of $ without middle spurs, sometimes swollen without hair
pencil, of 9 with both pairs of spurs ; hind tarsi in $ sometimes
shortened; fore wings "12 veins, 10 out of 9, 11 from cell; hind
wings 8 veins, 8 and 4 stemmed or separate, 6 and 7 stemmed.
Species. — N. pistaciiita Guen.
N. subcroceafa Wlk.
N. euchloria Ab. and Gn.
4. KUCROSTIS Huh.
Yerz. 283, 1818.
Type indigenata Vill.
Palpi .short in both sexes, rather ascending, long haired below at
base ; clypeus hairy scaled ; anteniue in % with short pectinations ;
thorax and abdomen untufted, the thorax rather hairy scaled above,
strongly hairy below ; fore tibije unarmed, hind tibije with one pair
of spurs in both sexes, without hair pencil in % ; fore wings 12
veins, (3 separate, 10 on 9 ; 10, 11 and 12 anastomosing; hind wings
8 veins, 3 and 4 short stemmed, (5 and 7 stemmed, 8 shortly with
cell, then rapidly diverging.
Sufficiently distinct from L' Itlorochhimjix in that the palpi are
short in both sexes, the thorax hairy below, and the hair pencil
wanting in the hind tibiie of the % .
Species. — bicerUttn Wlk. (operabia Zell., gratata Pack.)
viridij)enii((t(i Hulst, n. sp.
TRANS. AM. KNT. .SOC. .Will. (40) SEPTKMBER. 1«J«)
314 GEORGE D. HULST.
E. viridipennata n. sp.— Expands 23-25 mm. Palpi short in both sexes,
hairy below at base, white with a smoky tint; front clay ochreous; thorax and
abdomen clay ochreous, with a dull greenish shade; fore wings dull even pea-
green, without indication of any cross-lines, or with an outer cross-line parallel
with margin, even, very faint ; the ground color of wing is slightly emphasized
on the veins; hind wings color of fore wings, slightly paler basally, without
cross-lines: beneath lighter green, even, unicolorous, except that hind wings are
a shade lighter basally. Legs clay white, becoming somewhat smoky towards
thorax.
Colorado.
.->. CHL,OKOPTERYX n. gen.
Type tepperm-ia Hulst.
Pal]:)i porrect, end member long in both sexes ; front flat, closely
scaled ; antenme bipectinate in % , dentate in 9 ; thorax and ab-
domen untufted ; fore tibiae unarmed ; hind tibi?e of % wanting in
only specimen I have, the 9 with two pairs of spurs ; fore wings
even, 12 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 6 separate, 10 on 9, 11 from cell,
12 anastomosing Avith 11; hind wrings quadrate, with prominent
angle at end of vein 4, 8 veins, 3 and 4 stemmed, 6 and 7 stemmed,
8 shortly joined to base, then rapidly diverging.
Species. — C. tepperaria Hulst.
6. KACHEOSPIEA Guen.
Phal. i, 372, 1857.
Type lixaria Guen.
Palpi long in both sexes, second member ascending, end member
porrect or drooping; clypeus somewhat scale tufted; antennte bi-
pectinate in % , ciliate in 9 ; thorax and abdomen untufted ; fore
tibite unarmed, hind tibije of % Avith two pairs of spurs and hair
pencil; of 9 with two pairs of spurs ; fore wings 12 veins, 6 separate,
10 on 9, 11 from cell, 12 and 11 anastomosing with each other or
separate ; hind wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 together from angle, B and 7
stemmed, 8 shortly joined with cell near base, then rai)idly diverging.
Species : —
R. lixaria Gn. R. hollandaria Hulst.
R. ja^pidiarla Hulst. R. saliusaria 'ii.\\\%i.
R. .vt/deraria Hulst.
7. SYNCH EOR.4 (iuen.
Phal. i, 375, 1857 ; Ennemoriu Pack.. 5th Peab. Kept. p. 7(5, 1873.
Type liquoraria Guen.
Palpi f'liort, ascending in % ; long, porrect or drooping in 9 > the
end meml)er especially lengthened ; clypeus flat, scaled ; anteniue
bipectinated in S , ciliate in 9 ; thorax and abdomen untufted ; fore
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA. 315
tibitc unarniod ; hind tibiie with two j)airs of spurs in both sexes;
fore wings 12 veins, 3 and 4 at angle, 6 separate, 10 on 9, 11 from
cell ; hind wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 separate or short stemmed, (i and
7 stenunt'd, 8 joined to cell shortly then rapidly diverging, the union
being rather longer than usual and the divergence less rapid.
Species : —
S. glaucaria Gn. *S'. llquovarla Gn.
*S'. nViV/i/>rt^/e;<6' Hulst, n.sp. [Pk.) S. rabvifvotitaria I'ack.
S. denticulafu Walk, (excurvata S. (loniliiicaria Gn.
S. viri<li|»all('iiM n. sp. — Expiuuls 24-26 mm. Palpi and body parts dis-
colored in rt-laxinjr. probably whitisb R'reen, the paljji red at end ; front red ; fore
wings vestiture sqiiamose, thin, even dnll ocher green without lines; hind wings
a lighter uuicolorous, scarcely greenish ; beneath nearly the color of hind wings
above.
Colorado ; Arizona.
8. CHLOKOSKA Pack.
Proc. Best. Soc. Nat. Hist. xv\, 31, 1874.
Type neviidarid Pack.
Palpi scaled, not heavy, subascending ; cly})eus flat, with a ten-
dency to a scale ridge below ; antennae bipectinated in S , ciliate in
9 ; thorax and abdomen untufted ; fore tibiie unarmed ; hind
tibiai with one pair of spurs in both sexes ; fore wings even, no ac-
cessory cell, 12 veins, 3 and 4 from angle, 6 from a point or short
stemmed with 7, 10 on 9, 11 from cell, 12 separate; hind wings 8
veins, 3 and 4 from angle, 6 and 7 stennned, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — C. nevadaria Pack.
9. APLODES Guen.
Phal. i, 376, 18o7.
Hippdrchischus Walsh, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. i.\, 300, 1864.
Type mimosdriii Gti-en.
Palpi projecting beyond head, long scaled, ascending; clypeus
Hat, slightly scale tufted below ; antennic % shortly bipectinated ;
thorax and abdomen untufted; fore tibite unarmed, hind tibiic in
both sexes with two pairs of spurs, the lower pair small in % ; hair
pencil on hind tibite of % ; fore wings even, 12 veins, no acces.sory
cell ; 3 and 4 from angle, 6 separate from 7, 10 on 9, 11 from cell ;
hind wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 from a point or short stemmed, (i and 7
stennned, 8 separated from cell.
Species. — A. niimoxarid Gn.
^1. bistriaria lliib. (brunnearia i''aeA'.)
A. cerata Fab.
TKANS. AM. KST. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER. 1896
816 GEORGE D. HULST.
10. ANAPLODES Pack.
Geom. Moths. 392, 1876.
Type pistacearia Pack.
Palpi moderate, ascending, rather strong ; clypeus untufteci ; an-
tennae bipectinated in % , ciliate in 9 » thorax and abdomen un-
tufted ; fore tibiffi unarmed ; hind tibise with two pairs of spurs in
both sexes, in S not swollen and without hair pencil ; fore wings
12 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 6 separate, 10 on 9, 11 from cell ; hind
wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 from angle, 6 and 7 stemmed, 8 separate from
cell. •
Differs from Aplodes principally iu lack of hair pencil on hitid
tibiae of S ; from Geometra in that the antenuse of % are not bi-
pectinate to apex. So far as the description goes, Megalaehlorn
Meyr. is a synonym. Differs also from Pseadoterpna in that the
abdomen is not tufted.
Species: —
A. zygotaria Hulst. A. jwictolliiearia Graef. l_Auct.)
A. viridicaria Hulst. A. remotarin Wlk. (iridaria
A. fesiaria Hulst. A. iridaria Guen. (rectaria Grt.)
A. pistacearia Pack. A. illustraria Hulst.
BREPHIN.E.
The Brephinte have in the past very generally been catalogued
with the Noctuina, but were recognized to be a connecting link be-
tween that family and the Geometrina. Mr. Meyrick was, I believe,
the first to regard them as true Geometers, and I myself have the
same opinion. There are some Noctuid tendencies, and in many
respects the two families are nearly related, but the Geometrid re-
lations seem to me to be the nearer and more decisive.
Mr. i\Ioyri(!k catalogues these insects under the term ]\ronocteniid:c.
The family designation Brephidio has priority, however, if indeed
the two groups should be joined in one family.
As said heretofore I can see no valid reason why certain genera
such as Alxophila, etc., where vein 8 of the hind wings is coincident
with llic cell, should be referred to this family, as is done by Mr.
,^I('yrick. They belong moi'c properly to the Hydrionicnina'.
Synopsis of Bukpiiin/E.
Aiiteiiiiie of % hijtectiiiate l^eilCobropllOS.
Antemut; of % dentate Br«'|»liOS.
AMERICAN LKIHDOPTEKA. 317
RREPHOS Ochs.
Schin. Eur. 1816 (Ilrcpho.s Huh., Tfiitiuuen 1810).
Type parthenias L.
Arehiearis Hiib., Verz. 279, 1818, type parthetiins L.
Palpi sliort, covered with long hairs; face clothed with long loose
hair.-j; antennae simple, rounded, finely pubescent; thorax scaly,
mixed with hairs, the patagiiB long haired. Abdomen scaled, mixed
with hairs. Legs, femora and tibiie haired, hind tibia3 with two pairs
of spurs, fore tibia? unarmed; fore wings 11 veins, one accessory
cell, 7 absent, 3 and 4 widely separate, 5 at middle of cell ; hind
wings 8 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 5 at middle of cell, 6 and 7 stemmed,
8 separate from cell and subparallel with it.
Species. — B. iiifdii.'^ ^Toesch.
L,EUCOBKKI»IIOS^(;it.
BufT. Bull, ii, 53. 1874.
Type brephuidfis Walk.
Palpi moderate, very lengthily hairy ; face hairy ; antennjc bi-
))ectinate in % ; thorax and abdomen heavily haired, untufted ; fore
wings 11 veins, 3 and 4 stemmed, one accessory cell; hind wings 8
veins, 3 and 4 stemmed, 8 separate from cell and subparallel with it.
Species. — Jj. brcphoides Wlk.
L. middendorfi Men.
LEUCULIDyE.
The only genus is the typical one which follows. The venation is
peculiar, and I am doubtful whether the species belongs to the Geo-
inctrina. It has a decidedly Lithooiid aspect, and its true position
cannot be determined until the larva is known.
I.EU<^IILA Gueu.
I'hiil. i, 134. 1857.
Type empusariii Guen.
Pal[)i very minute ; clypeus flat, scaled ; antennieof % bipectinate ;
thorax and abdomen untufted ; fore tibiae unarmed ; hind tibiic with
two pairs of spurs; fore wings elongate, even, 12 veins, no accessory
cell, 3 and 4 widely separate, 5 nearer 4 than 6, 6 from cell near 7,
7 and 8 stemmed from point of cell, 9 and 10 stemmed ; hind wings
rounded, 3 and 4 widely separate, 5 below middle, 6 and 7 stemmed,
8 separate from cell, but close to it to end.
The generic description is from L. hicieolafit. T do not know the
type of the genus.
Species. — L. ladeolata Hulst.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER. 1896.
318 GEORGE D. HULST.
ENNOMID/E.
FERNALDELLIN^.
This subfamily erected for, and containing the typical genus only,
is a very peculiar one iii apparent affinities. In not having vein 5
of the hind wings developed, it is placed with the Ennomidse as I
have defined that family. The structure of the hind wing in the
coalescing of vein 8 with the cell at base is exactly that of the Hy-
driomenin?e. There exists also the comparatively rare peculiarities
of the prominent tubercle of the clypeus, the clawing of the fore
tibise and the bipectinate antennje of the 9 • The vestiture of the
head and thorax is the squamose hairy and scale hairy vestiture of
the Arctic Hydriomeninie, and the coloration approaches most nearly
certain genera of the Ennoininse.
FER1VAL.DEL,L.A n. gen.
Type fimetaria Grt.
Palpi moderate, slender, with long scales at base, clypeus having
a rounded protuberance with a hollow within, with central rough-
ened raised space ; tongue developed ; antennae bipectiuated in both
sexes ; fore tibise with a strong terminal frontal claw, the tibise them-
selves very short and stout ; hind tibise with two pairs of spurs ; fore
wings 11 veins, 6 from a point with 7, 8 wanting, 10 from 9, 11
from cell ; hind wings 7 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 5 wanting in S ;
weak, not tubular in 9 ; 6 and 7 stemmed, anastomosing with cell
more than one-half its length in % , not quite one-half in 9 •
I take great pleasure in dedicating this genus to Dr. C. II. Fernald,
of Amherst, Mass., whose ability as an entomologist and worth as a
man, command, second to no other, my admiration and respect.
Species. — F. fimetaria Grt.
F. dalachtarla Sti'eck.
ENNOMIN^.
The Enuomiiue are the largest of the subfamilies of the Geonie-
trina of our fauna. There is among them, moreover, the widest
variation in appearance and structure, and they offer the greatest
difficulties in classification.
The sulifamily divides into two groups by the possessing or lacking
a peculiar fovea on fore wings beneath near the base of vein \a in
the male. It is ordinarily easy to be seen, though there is difficulty
AMERICAN I.KriDOl'TERA. 319
in some cases, wliere the peeiiliiiritv seems to be in the process of
development, or where perhaps the species is outgrowing it. Some-
times it is large and prominent, consisting of an unsealed vitreous
surfjice, at times with a peculiar gland within it.
There is wide variation in the structure of the antenna? not only
in tiiat bipectinate, lamelate, fascicled, ciliate, filiform and flattened
forms are found, but also in the location of the various appendages.
In many species the i)ectinations are at the summits, in othei's at the
bases of the segments. The rule is not invariable, but generally the
species having the fovea on the fore wings of the males, have also
the pectinations or fascicles on the top of the segments of the antennse.
A[)art from the elements of structure upon which the subfamily
is founded, there is among the species a very wide range of variation.
The i)alpi, clypeus, antennie, legs, thorax, abdomen and wings vary
greatly ; especially is the venation subject to variation not only in the
different species, but in the individual species. In view of this, in the
main, very little dependence can be placed upon the relations of veins
9, 10, 11 and 12 to each other in the fore wings. Not infrequently an
extra vein (vein 13) is found, and very frequently 11 is present or
absent in different specimens of the same species; 9, 10, 11 and 12
anastomose with each other, or are separate in the individuals of one
species, and as a conse(iuence vei-y little use can be made of them iu
classification. The position of the bases of the veins are much less
variable. The hind wings are less changeable in venation than the
fore wings, but the comparative positions of 3 and 4, as well as 6
and 7, cannot be relied upon within narrow limits.
Synopsis of Genera.
1. Fore wings of % witli fovea below at base of 1« 2.
Fore wings of % without fovea below at base of la ;J6.
2. Antenna- of % t)ii)ectinate : 3.
Antenna' of % not bipectinate 30.
3. Tongtie absent, or very short 4.
Tongue develoi)ed, at least one-half thorax 5.
4. Hind tibise with one pair of spurs 63. Xacophora.
Hind tibia? with two pairs of spurs 34. Aiiiilapis.
5. Fore wings ^-ith discal scale tuft 44. Tornos.
Fore wings without discal scale tuft (i.
t). Clypeus tubercled 7.
("lyi>eus not tubercled 11.
7. Fore tibiae clawed 8.
Fore tibise not clawed 49. Ccenocltaris.
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER, 1896.
320 GEORGE D. HULST.
8. Hind tibisp with one pair of spurs 9.
Hind wings with two pairs of S])urs 10.
9. Fore wings 11 veins 4(>. $$y iiglochis.
Fore wings 12 veins 48. Holocliroa.
10. Fore tiljia' rounded, with one claw at end 47. (lilaiit'iiia.
Fore tibife flattened, with two claws at end 70. AcHiltliopliora.
11. Antennse of 9 bipectinate 12.
Antennae of 9 not bipectinate 13.
12. Fore wings 11 veins 40. Plerotaea.
Fore wings 12 veins 39. Ifleris.
13. Hind wings 6 and 7 stemmed 16. Kyctipliaiita.
Hind wings 6 and 7 separate 14.
14. Abdomen of % with dorsal tuft on first and third segments.
43. I^oiuatalopliia.
Abdomen of % without dorsal tuft on first and third segments 15.
15. Thorax with anterior and posterior tufts 36. S|>4»(lulepi!$.
Thorax without anterior and posterior tufts 16.
16. Fore wings of 9 with fovea below at base 17.
Fore wings of 9 without fovea below at base 18.
17. Hind tibiaj of '^ with hair pencil 59. Oleiia.
Hind tibiae of % without hair pencil 8. PliysO!<ilegaiiia.
18. Clypeus roughened and pitted 71. Traelieops.
Clypeus smooth 19.
19. Hind tibiae of % with hair pencil 20.
Hind tibiae of % without hair i)encil 24.
20. Palpi erect, recu rved 21.
Palpi not erect, not recurved 22.
21. Wings even, rounded 75. Sterganiaf sea.
Wings angulate, incised 38. LytrOMis.
22. Wings deeply incised 37. Stenolracliely!*.
Wings not deeply incised 23.
23. Antennse of % with pectinations suddenly shortening to simple apex.
55. Cleora.
Antennae of % with pectinations gradually shortening to simple apex.
33. Alcis.
24. Palpi long 25.
Palpi moderate 26.
25. Hind wings with subcostal fovea below near base in % ... .26. Kiieiliora.
Hind wings without subcostal fovea below near base in % .20. Ky iiiplierta.
26. Antennae of % bipectinate to apex 32. Kepy tia.
Antennae of % with apex simple 27.
27. Hind wings quite strongly angulate 35. I'arapllia.
Hind wings not strongly angulate 28.
28. Wings very broad ; hind wings scalloped 60. Epilllfoiw.
Wings moderate ; hind wings even, or at most slightly wavy 29.
29. Antenna- plumose; pectinations long 53. Koli<loNeiiia.
Antennae not plumose ; pectinations moderate or short. . . -15. I>iasitictiw.
30. Antennae of % with fascicles of hairs on each segment 31.
Antennae of % witliout fascicles of liairs on each segment 32.
AMERICAN LKriJJOrXERA. 821
31. Hind tibife of % with hair pencil 57. Aef lialoptora.
Hind til)ite of % witliout hair pencil .')!(. l^ctropiN.
32. Hind tibia- of % with hair pencil li.i.
Hind tibiaj of % without hair pencil i;!. l*liilobia.
33. Antennse of % dentate It. M»<*ariu.
Antennie of % not dentate ;{1.
34. Antenna' of % tiattened. naked ,!.-,.
AiitenniB of % filiform ciliate l:i. !Sciaj;ra|»liia.
35. Tliorax hairy ijO. l<:iiy|>ia.
Thorax scaly 9. Ciiieiieria.
36. Antenna' of % bipectinate 37.
Antennae of % not bipectinate 89.
37. Win<rs of 9 partly obsolete 38.
Winfis of 9 developed .39.
38. Segments of abdomen spined 65. KapliididoiiiaM.
Segments of abdomen not s])ined (i4. .Ipoclioiiiia.
39. Antennie of % doubly bipectinate 83. Kipiila.
Antenna' of % not doubly bijiectinate , 40.
40. Hind wings of %, with subcostal fovea below at base 41.
Hind wings of "J, without subcostal fovea below at base 44.
41. Palpi long, beak like 25. €atO|»yrrlia.
Palpi moderate or short jo
42. Abdomen of % with lateral tuft 42. S|»4»<l<»|»tcra.
Abdomen of %, without lateral tuft 43.
43. Hind wings of % with fold on inner margin above near base. . .41. Ixala.
Hind wings of % without fold 10. I>eiliiiia.
44. Fore tibiaj clawed 18. KiiaNpilalois.
Fore tibiie not clawed 45_
45. Tongue absent, or very short 46.
Tongue develoi)ed, at least one-half thorax .54.
4(). Palpi of % very long, deltoid like 68. Eiicatorva.
Paljii of % not long, deltoid like 47.
47. Antennie of % bipectinate to a])ex 48.
Antennie of % with apex simi)le 53.
48. Antennie of 9 bipectinate 49.
Antennie of 9 'X't bipectinate 51.
49. Thorax hair.v 50.
Thorax scaly 69. I'liillru'H.
.50. Abdomen densely hairy, and with dorsal tufts 67. I'lia'onra.
Abdomen scaly, without dorsal tufts 84. I^UlloniON.
51. Front and thorax hair.v 50
Front and thorax scaly 51. Act lialodcM.
52. Tongue short 7-j. |>ys<*ia.
Tongue obsolete 50. C.'oiliodeM.
53. Abdomen and femora deusel.y liairv 61. I.iyc'ia.
Abdomen and femora scal.v .52. diosiia<l<»(leM.
54. Antennie of 9 bipectinate 5,^.
Antennie of 9 "ot bipectinate (jO
55. All wings 6 and 7 stemmed 2il PlnttKH .
Fore or hind wings 6 and 7 separate 56.
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (41) SEPTtJMHKK. 1«9«
322 GEORGE D. HULST.
56. Hind tibife of % with hair pencil 57.
Hind tibife of % without hair pencil 58.
57. Palpi long, beak like 94. Plieriie.
Palpi moderate or short 78. Keolerpes.
58. All wino;s even, rounded 45. Exeli$t.
Hind wings at least notched or angulate 59.
59. Hind wings notched between 4 and 6; fore wings 10 and 11 stemmed at base.
85. Xantliotype.
Hind wings angulate; fore wings 10 and 11 separate at base. 87. If jporitixj.
60. Abdomen of % with tufts beneath 56. 9IeIaii4»lopIiia.
Abdomen of '^ without tufts beneath 61.
61. Thorax with anterior longitudinal crest 98. SteiiRNpi latex.
Thorax without longitudinal crest 62.
62. Fore wings with chitinous cross bar between submedian and Ifl.
80. Tlieriiia.
Fore wings without such cross bar 63.
63. AntenuiE of % bipectinate to apex 64.
Antennae of % with apex simple 66.
64. Fore wings with transparent lunule at end of discal cell 91. f^eleiiia.
Fore wings without transparent lunule at end of discal cell 65.
65. Wings hairy ; antennse with pectinations filiform ; palpi short.67. ('iiij^ilia.
Wings scaly ; antennse with pectinations clavate ; palpi moderately long.
89. Goiiotloiitis.
66. Hind wings 6 and 7 stemmed 67.
Hind wings 6 and 7 .separate 68.
67. Thorax hairy 79. Sicya.
Thorax scaly 76. ]?l4'IaiiiH'^a.
68. Antennae close together, the bases almost touching. . . .74. Splijeeel^irtew.
Antennae normally separate ■ 69.
69. Femora and palpi densely hairy 70.
Femora and pal])i not densely hairy 72.
70. Fore wings 11 veins 1. Kpeliw.
Fore wings 12 veins 71.
71. Antennae of % with ])ectinations filiform ; front long haired.
4. Dasyfidoiiia.
Antennae of % with pectinations clavate; front not long haired.
97. Siiowia.
72. Hind tibiae of % with hair pencil 73.
Hind tibiiE of % without hair i)encil 80.
73. Palpi long 74.
Palpi moderate or short 75.
74. Antennae of % pectinations filiform 7. t'lioraxipilalcs.
Antennse of % pectinations clavate 6. IVIcllilla.
75. Wings even, rounded 76.
Wings angulate 78.
76. Antennae of % plumose; pectinations filiform 2. I'^iifidoiiia.
.\ntennie of % not ])lumo.se ; i)ectinations clavate 77.
77. Front with overhanging scale tuft; fore wings 12 separate- -31. I*liil<'«lia.
Front without overhanging tuft; fore wings 12 anastomosing with 11.
27. I'aript'la.
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTEKA. 823
78. Larva with 12 legs 81. ItlctroeauipM.
Larva with 10 legs 7!>.
79. Antenuie of % with pectinations very short, each with a fascicle of hairs.
1U(>. AI»b4»llHiia.
Antennae of % with i)ectinatioiis not very sliort and withont fascicle of hairs.
80. Palpi long, heak like yi.
Palpi moderate or short, at lea,st not beak like ., 82.
81. Wings strongly angulate 92. fr^piplaty iiU'trH.
Wings slightly, or not at all angulate 7.'5. I..y<'liiiOM«'i«.
82. All wings more or less rounded out above posterior angle. . .«(>. Plagodis.
All wings not so rounded out 83.
8.'}. Wings even, rounded or sligiitly wavy 84.
Wings not even rounded ; angulate, or .strongly wavy 88.
84. Fore wings 10 stemmed with 1 1 at base 85.
Fore wings 10 separate from 11 86.
85. Fore wings falcate 101. KysMatura.
Fore wings not falcate 102. C'abfrodeM.
86. Antenme with pectinations tiliform H7.
AiitenniB with }iectinatious cdavate ,54. Mericif^ca.
87. I'alpi quite long, ascending; front tufted- . • 77. .4iia;^4>;(a.
I'alpi short, porrect ; front smooth 23. Aetliyetora.
88. Hind wings with wavy margins: fore wings 10 on 9; pectinations of antouuie
clavate 96. l»ry<M'y<-Ia.
Hind wings angulate 95. xllftaiieiiisi.
89. Wings of J obsolete (j(;. Kraiiiii!«.
Wings of 9 developed 9()_
90. Foie wmgs 16 rounded up near base 11. EpiKeiiiaMia.
Fore wings 16 not rounded up near base 91.
91. Hind legs of % with tuft of hairs at end of femora. .21. HoiliOflil«Ml«'!«.
Hind legs of ^ without tuft of hairs at end of femora 92.
92. Thorax with dorsal longitudinal crest 93.
Thorax without dorsal longitudinal crest 94.
93. Antennae of % dentate 99. iMariiiaroa.
AntennfB of 'J, simjile, llattened 100. Azeliiia.
94. Hind tibise of % with hair pencil 95.
Hind tibite of % without hair jjencil 102.
95. Fore wings 11 veins 96.
F'ore wings 12 veins 97.
96. Wings even, spurs normal on hind tibite 5. fllclioiliata.
Wings angulate; one upper spur on hind tibite much enlarged at end.
88. A Ilia.
97. Antennae of % dentate 104. Tetracis.
Antennae of % not dentate 9tj.
98. Antenme of % llattened 99.
Anlennie of l filiform 10.3. Oxytlia.
99. Thorax hair.y 100.
Thorax scaly lOi.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIU. SKPTtMBER. 1896.
324 GEORGE D. HULST.
KX). Wings angulate 105. Sabiilodes.
Wings even, rounded 19. Antlielia.
101. Wings angulate 82. Eiij^oiiobapf a.
Wings even, rouiulefl 22. TliallopliMgH.
102. Palpi rather long 103.
Palpi quite short 104.
103. Wings angulate ; antennse of % dentate 93. S.yiiaxi!«.
Wings rounded : autennte of % not dentate 17. Apoloiiia.
104. Thorax hairy 28. PlieiigoiiiinatieH.
Thorax scaly 105.
105. Antennae of % flattened 24. Ap:<'Ca<«ia.
AntenniE of % filiform 3. OrtliotiUoiiia.
1. EPEL,IS n. gen.
Type truncafaria Wlk.
Palpi rather long, slender, porrect, loosely hairy ; front with coni-
cal tuft ; tongue developed ; antennse of % bipectinate, apex simple,
of 5 filiform ; thorax loosely scale hairy above and hairy below.
Abdomen rather rough scaled ; fore legs, femora strongly haired ;
hind tibial swollen in S , without hair pencil, with all spurs; fore
wings 11 veins, 5 weak, scarcely tubular, 6 and 7 separate, 11 want-
ing, 10 from cell without fovea in S ; hind wings veins all separate,
8 separate from cell •; all wings even, rounded.
Distinguished by the 1 1 veined primaries, and the hairy scaled
palpi, front, thorax and femora.
Species. — E. truncafaria Wlk.
E. faxonii Minot.
2. EITFIDOXIA Pack.
Geom. Moths, 225. 187().
Type notataria Walk.
Palpi short, porrect, long scaled below ; tongue strong ; front
smooth ; antennae bipectinate in % , apex simple, pectinations fili-
form ; thorax and abJomen smooth; hind tibise swollen, with hair
pencil in % , with all spurs present; fore wings even, rounded, 12
veins, 10 and 11 from cell, without fovea in S ; hind wings even,
rounded, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — E. notataria.
3. OKTIIOFII>Ox\IA Pack.
Geoni. Moths, 235, 1870.
Type exornata Wlk.
Palpi subascending, roimded, loose bushy scaled, moderate ; tongue
developed ; front loo.se scaled ; thorax and abdomen rather loo.^^ely
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA. 325
scaled; anteniicie filiform, ciliate, the hairs rather long; hind til)i;i'
not swollen, without hair pencil, with two pairs of spurs in hoth
sexes; fore wings 12 veins, without fovea at l)ase, 10 on 11 anasto-
mosing with 12; hind wings veins all separate; all wings even,
rounded.
Species. — 0. exornafa Wlk.
0. aemiclarata Walk.
O. vexUdlafd (Juen.
4. DASVFinOXIA Pack.
Geom. Moths, 233, 1876.
Type avnncnlana Guen.
Palpi rather long, porrect, densely long hairy; antenna^ of % l)i-
l)ectinate, of 9 filiform, the pectinations of % filiform ; front and
thorax above and below densely long hairy; abdomen scaled,
smooth ; legs with femora densely hairy ; hind tibiic with two jiairs
of spurs in both sexes, without hair pencil in % ; fore wings 12
veins, with fovea at base, 10 on 11, 11 from cell; hind wings veins
all separate, o undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — D. avnticularia Guen.
5. IIKI^IOilIATA Grt.
Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, vi, 29, 1H(J().
Type infulata Grt.
Palpi short, porrect, rather heavily scaled below ; front rough
scaled, flat ; antenuse of % filiform, ciliate ; hind tibije of S swollen,
with hair pencil, with all spurs; fore wings even, rounded, 11 veins,
10 on cell, 11 wanting, without fovea in % ; hind wings even,
rounded, 8 separate from cell, 6 and 7 separate, 5 undeveloped.
Species. — H. infulata Gi't.
H. cijcladaia Grt.
H. elaborata Grt.
6. 9IEL.L,ILLA Grt.
Huff. Bull, i, 12, 1873.
Type c.hamiechnj sarin Grt.
Gonili/fhria {iuinp. Nov. Act. Halle, 49, 323, 18, type rhamxchri/mria Grt.
P:dpi lop.g, heavy, subascending, end member very small, deflexed ;
front with conical tuft ; anteniue biiiectinate in S , pectinations
claviform, segments comparatively few ; thorax and abdomen smooth ;
hind tibiieof S swollen, with hair pencil, with all spurs; fore wings
ritAN.S. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEl'TKMKER. 1«H6
326 GEORGE D. HUL8T.
12 veins, without fovea below, 10 and 11 from one stem from cell ;
hind wings veins all separate, 8 separate from cell, 5 undeveloped ;
all wings even, rounded.
Peculiar in the fewness of the segments of the antennae, these
being not moi-e than about one-half the usual number. The genus
is structurally very close to Chloraspilates Pack., which it antedates.
Species. — M. inextricatd Walk.
M. chamcechrymria Grt.
—'-^■' 7. < HORASI»IL,ATES Pack.
Geom. Moths. 211. 1876.
Type bicoloraria Pack.
Palpi moderately long, subascending, hairy, heavily scaled ; tongue
developed ; front with a strong hair tuft ; antenme broadly })ecti-
nated almost to apex in % ; thorax loosely scaled above, hairy or
woolly below ; abdomen smooth ; legs smooth, hind tibije not swollen,
without hair pencil, with two pairs of spurs in both sexes ; fore wings
without fovea in % , 12 veins, 10 from 9, 11 from cell; hind wings
all veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Close to Mellilla Grt. ; the antenna? of % , however, have the
pectinations filiform, and the segments shorter and more numerous.
S})ecies. — C. bicoloraria Pack.
8. PflYSOSTEGANIA Warr.
Nov. Zool. i. 406, 1894.
Type pustularia Gueu.
Palpi rather long, porreet, rather heavily scaled ; tongue devel-
oped ; front scale tufted ; antennae of % bipectiuate, apex simple,
of 9 serrate ; thorax and abdomen scaled, the latter slightly tufted
at end ; hind tibiie somewhat swollen, without hair pencil in S , with
all spurs; fore wings even, rounded, with very large fovea below in
% near base, a smaller one in 9)11 veins, probably sometimes 12 ;
hind wings, 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell,
the wings even, rounded.
Species. — P. j)udularia Guen.
9. CiUEBlERIA Pack.
Geom. Moths, 307, 1876.
Type basiaria Walk.
Palpi short, porreet; front smooth; antennie of % flattened,
nearly naked ; thorax and abdomen smooth, the latter somewhat
tufted at end ; hind tibise with all spurs in % , with hair pencil, and
AMERICAN LICl'IDOI'TKRA. 327
with the tarsi much shortened; fore winffs even, rounded, 12 veins,
10 from 9, 11 from cell, with large fovea at base; liind wings
rounded, (5 and 7 sepai'ate, 8 separate from cell and without fovea at
base, 5 undeveloped.
Differs from Maniriit in the simpk' flattened antennae, the antennae
being dentate in Ma carta .
Species. — G. baslaria Walk.
10. »f:iI.II\^IA Hul..
Verz. .310. 1818 (S^phecodex Hiih. Tentaiiien)-
Type pusnria Linn.
Cahera Treits , Schm. Eur. vi, 1, 343, 1827, ty \^e pnsuria Linn.
Palpi short, porrect, rough scaled* below ; tongue developed; front
smooth ; antennte of S bipectinate, apex simple, of 9 dentate ;
thorax and abdomen smooth; hind tibite of % not swollen or slightly
so, without hair pencil, with all .spurs; fore wings 12 veins, without
fovea below, 10 from 9 ; hind wings, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from
cell, in % with fovea at ba.se of vein 8.
Species : —
I), borealis Hulst, n. sp. 1). falmtaria Pack.
I). e/!iiiata Hulst. D. carnearia Hulst.
I). (jiKtdrifdsciaria Pack. D. perpallidaria Grt.
D. variolarla Guen. D. quadraria Grt.
I), rri/thronaria Guen. D. litarla Hulst.
I), f.vanthemaia Scop. D. liberarla Walk.
I), paclficarla Pack. D. )ii(/roseriuta Pack.
J). Hecadurld Hulst. 1). behrenmria Hulsti
J), /(eminarla Guen. D. fiimosa Hulst, n. sp.
Dr. Butler tells us he has received the true D. exanthemata from
C-anada. D. falcataria, I), carnearia and perpa I /Ida ria are probably
conspecific. The species of the genus difier in appearance, but agree
in structure.
D. boreal is n. sp. — Expands 25 mm. Palpi whitisli at base, blackisli at
ends; front l>lackish gray; antenna' gray, ringed with black; thorax blackish
gray. Abdomen whitish, thickly irrorated with black atoms. Wings light gray,
thickly and evenly spattered with blackish scales to beyond cell, then somewhat
darkened into an even, broad, indistinct line, followed by a lighter band of about
the sjuue width, then darker again to outer margin, the wings here being washed
with fuscous, and all wings having a general dull gray appearance, darker at
outer line and on outer spaces; beneath gray with black atoms, but not so much
darkened as above, and of an even color over all the wings. In the 9 the black
TKANS. \M. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTKMBER, l.S9ti
328 GEORGE D. HULST.
atoms within the outer space are not so dense, and the color is therefore of a
much lighter gray, at the same time the darker margin is not so broad.
Male and leniale, Calg-aiy, Canada, from Mr. Wolly-Dod.
I). f'liiiiOMa u. sp. — Expands 35-40 mm. Antennae long, plumose, dark fus-
cous; jialpi fuscous brown; head fuscous; thorax and abdomen fuscous brown,
the thorax darker and stained anteriorly with violet. Wings fuscous brown with
a violet tint, the outer field in both wings considerably lighter than the rest,
which is evenly colored ; basal line blact, not distinct on dark field, sharply and
evenly rounded ; a dark line across the wing at center of middle field, indistinct,
somewhat rounded, extending across hind wing: outer line obsolete, its place
showing by the contrast of the color of middle and outer fields; this edge dis-
tinct, sinuous, bending out at 5, bending out again between 3 and 4, between 1
and 2 turning in again to margin ; an indistinct broken line in middle of outer
field parallel with outer margin inwardly shown by blackish, outwardly by
whitish scales; hind wings with edging continued, undulate; a black apical dash
on fore wings with reddish brown tint about it; hind wings becoming reddish
brown towards outer margin; discal spots on fore wings white; beneath quite
even brownish with ocher tint, lines very faint or obsolete ; discal spots on all
wings black.
Colorado, Utah, California. Near to Gnqphos haydenata Pack.,
and consideral)ly like it in appearance. Faded specimens show the
cross-lines moj-e sharply, the outer field comparatively lighter and
lose most, if not all, of the violet-brown tinge. The line in outer
field shows across both wings in dark dots.
11. EFIISE.IIASIA n. gen.
Type cervinaria Pack.
Palpi short, porrect ; tongue developed ; front smooth ; antennae
flattened in % , filiform in $ ; thorax and abdomen smooth ; legs
smooth ; hind til)iie with two pairs of spurs, swollen and without
hair pencil in % ; fore wings 12 veins, 5 very weak, not tubular,
\b bent upward and rounded just beyond base, 6 and 7 widely sepa-
rate, 10 on 8, 11 from cell; hind wings, 5 undeveloped, b separate
from cell.
The special distinction is the curving of vein \b of fore wings,
which takes the form of being parallel with submedian, and then
turning away from it an angle. It is caused by an incomplete fovea
posterior to 1 b.
Species. — E. morbosa Hulst, n. sp.
E. cervinaria Pack.
E. lliurbuiiia n. sp.— Expands 26 mm. Palpi ochreoiis; front ochreous,
tinged with fuscous; thorax and abdomen ocher fuscous, the latter spotted with
dark atoms towards end. Wings even, dull ocher, or pale buff, spotted quite
evenly, but irregularly all over with small blackish blotches and blackish atoms ;
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.
329
discal spots black ; margin with iuterveiiiilar black dots; wings beneath (jiiite as
above, with a shade lighter color and less distinctness to the blackish spottings.
One I , Florida,
12. SCIAttRAPIlIA n ixvu.
Type (/rauitatd Guen.
Palpi moderate, porrect or subascendiiig, generally strongly scaled,
tongue strong ; front rounded, rather broad, smooth or slightly
tufted; antenniie of % filiform or slightly flattened, ciliate or sul)-
fasciculate ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; hind tibiie of S
swollen, with hair jiencil, tarsi somewhat shortened ; fore wings even,
or slightly falcate, with fovea below in % , 12 veins, 10 on 9, 11 from
cell, 5 weak ; hind wings even, slightly wavy, rarely subangulate on
outer margin, 5 undeveloped, (5 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell.
This genus differs from Macara Curt., PJillobla Dup. and Dias-
tictk Hiib. in form of the antenn;e, and fron) Oj/txf/iograptis Hiib.
in the j)resence of the hair pencil on the hind tibiie of the % .
Species : —
S. subladeolata Hulst.
S. colorata Grt.
S. mdcullfascia Hulst, n. sp.
S. granitata Guen.
S. denticulata Grt.
S. muscariata Guen.
S. piuictoluie<(ta Pack.
S. heliothidata Guen.
S. californiata Pack.
S. rexpermta Hulst.
S. nubicnlata Pack.
S. neptata Guen.
S. hebltata Hulst.
S. siiiuata Pack.
S. snoviata Pack.
S. pervolafa Hulst.
>S'. meadii Pack.
S. contlnuida Walk.
S. mellistr'ujata Grt.
S. trifasciata Pack.
S. atrofai^<'i(d(i Pack.
S. Hubmln'mta Pack.
IS. irronda Pack.
A number of these species run very closely together, and some
modification of specific standing may have to be made as more mate-
rial is obtained for comparison.
S. luaciilif'HNCia n. sp. — Expands 26-28 mm. Very close to S. siiblacteolata
Hulst, of which it is quite likely a variety. The markings are the sjime, the
outer line of dots arranged in the same manner, but it differs very decidedly in
the general color of the wings, the neatly pure white of S\ suhlacteolata being re-
placed by dark fuscous.
I have specimens of »S'. .^Hb/acteofata from Ohio and Texas which
agree. All my specimens of *S'. maculiftuicia are from South Dacotah
and also ai^ree with one another.
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII.
(42)
SEPTEMBER. 1896
330 GEORGE D. HULST.
13. PHII^OBIA Dup.
Hist. Nat. vii, 195. 1829.
Type notata Linn.
Palpi moderate, subascending, end member horizontal ; tongue
developed ; front with conical tuft of hairs ; antennae of S dentate
with fascicle of hairs on each segment ; thorax and abdomen smooth ;
hind tibiiie of % swollen, without hair pencil, with all spurs present;
fore wings slightly angled on outer margin, 12 veins, 10 on 9, 11
from cell, with fovea below in % ; hind wings strongly angled on
outer margin, 8 separate from cell, 6 and 7 separate, 5 undeveloped.
I cannot separate some of our specimens from notata Linn. There
are others from the southwest, to which the name enotata may apply,
which seem to have the outer line of the fore wings less bent below
costa and the antennje of the % more deeply serrate. They are
also darker brown in color.
Species. — P. notata Linn.
P. enotata Linn.
14. M.4C.4RIA Curt.
Brit. Ent. iii, 1.32. 1826.
Type Hturata Clerck.
Palj)i moderate or short, porrect, rough scaled ; tongue developed ;
front smooth, or with slight tuft ; antennae of S serrate, ciliate, or
subfascicuhite ; thorax scaled. Abdomen sometimes somewhat tufted
at end ; hind tibite of % lengthened, swollen, with hair pencil, tarsi
shortened ; fore wings even, or slightly falcate, with fovea below in
t , 12 veins or 11, the number being variable in the .same species,
vein 1 1 having a tendency to become obsolete ; hind wings even,
rounded, sometimes wavy, or even angulate on outer margin, 5 un-
developed, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell.
Aextbnaria Hiib., the type of Pharmacis Hiib. and Goiiodrla Bois.
has slightly serrate antennje in % , but lacks the hair pencil. (Jj>ij<-
thograptw Hiib. and Riimla Duj)., of which Inteolata. Linn, is the
type, have neither serrate antennie nor hair })encil in 'h . Pmma-
todes Guen. is a synonym of Macaria if eremiata Guen. be the type.
It can, however, be referred to catalaunaria Guen. as type, which
Guenee says has pectinated antennie, but which species I have not
myself examined.
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTEKA.
331
Species : —
M- uijiiiuda Giieu.
M. s-signata Pack.
31. erein'mta Guen.
M. lujpa'ihrata Grt.
M. (I'quiferarid Walk.
M. dispuncta Walk.
M. minorata Pack.
M. grassata Hulst.
M. prceatomata Harv.
31. similata Hul.st.
31. niendicata HuLst.
3f. septemjiuaria Grt.
3f. glomeraria Grt.
1.-.. I>IASTI< TIK Hut..
Verz. 288. 1818.
Type arfesiaria Fab.
Itama Huh.. V^erz. 299, 1818, type viucidaria Hiib.
lihyparia Hiil)., Verz. 305, 1818, type meUmnria L.
I)r)/ocetis Hiib., Verz. 31(), 1818, type roboraria Sc.liitf.
Speranza Curt., Brit. Ent. v, 222, 1825, type hrnnneata Tbun.
Grammatophora Stepli., Cat. 126, 1829, type wavaria L.
Jlalin Diip., Hist. Nat. vii, 537, 1829, type wavaria L.
Siona Dup.. Hist. Nat. viii, 537, 1829, type mnrinaria Fab.
Thamnonoma Led., Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 232. 1853, type vincularia Hiib.
Tephriiia Guen., Phal. ii, 9fi, 1857, type vincularia Hiil).
Eafitchia Pack., Geoni. Moths, 247, 1876, type ribearia Fitch.
Catustictis Qiinip., Nov. Act. Halle 49, 329 and 370, 1887, type ribearia Fitch.
Palpi moderate or short ; tongue developed ; front smooth, or
somewhat tufted ; antenuje of % bipectiiiate, apex simple, the pecti-
nations gradually growing less towards simple ape.x, often clavate,
generally moderate or short, not plumose, of 9 serrate or filiform ;
thorax scaly, rarely somewhat tufted, somewhat hairy below. Ab-
domen scaled ; hind til)i;e often swollen, but without hair pencil in
% , with all spurs; lore wings even, 12 or 1 1 veins in the same spe-
cies, with fovea below in % ; hind wings rounded, even, or slightly
.wavy, 5 undeveloped, (5 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell.
Species: —
D. ribearia P"'itch.
D. siilphnraria Pack.
D. fascioferaria Hulst.
I), ucciduaria Pack.
I), qnati rifaM-iaria Pack.
/). Jiavicaria Pack.
I), gracilior Butl.
D. brunneafa Tliun.
/). crocearia Hulst.
/). ella Hulst, n. sp.
D. .tpecio.sa Hulst. u. sp.
D. vaiiaria Walk.
D. helena Hulst, n. s[).
I), incepfata Walk.
D. evagaria Hulst.
/). gausaparia Grt.
J), utibcennaria Walk.
I), packardaria Moesch.
D. bUudafa Walk.
D. wavaria Linn.
D. latiferrngata Walk.
J), graphidiuria Hulst.
1>. octolincdia Hulst.
I), decoratd llui.st. n. sp.
TRANS. AM. K.NT. SOC. XXIII.
SKPTfcMBER. 1896
332
GEORGE D. HULST.
D. rectifascin Hulst, n. sp.
D. guenearia Pack.
D. tenebrosnta Hnlst.
D. subrdharid Hulst. n. sp.
D. minuta Hulst, n. sp.
D. cru-fmta Hulst, n. sp.
D. florida Hulst, n. sp.
D. f estiva Hulst.
D. decepfata Hulst, n. sp.
D. pallidula Hulst, n. sp.
D. snbaciUa Hulst, n. sp.
A dnerfola Hulst, n. sp.
D. umbrifdsciata Hulst.
D. inqmnarta Hulst.
D. denticniodes Hulst, n. sp.
D. festa Hulst. n. sp.
D. sidifnlcdtn Hulst, n. sp.
D. bicolordta Fab.
D. distribiuiria Hiib.
D. ella n. sp. — Expands .32 mm. Paliii reddish ocher. yellowish at end ; front
ocher; tliorax ocher reddish, stained anteriorly. Abdomen clay ocher; fore wings
even, unbroken reddish orange; hind wings light ocher, washed with reddish
orange outwardly, the color becoming strong towards and about anal angle; be-
neath yellow ocher. with a reddish orange tinge, less marked posteriorly on both
wings. Legs concolorous.
AVashington.
I>. <leilticulo<le!>i n. sp. — Expand?? 32-36 mm. A species almost the exact
counterpart of f^ciaqraphm denticulnfa Grt., in appearance, from some specimens
of which I am not able to distinguish it by color or markings. It is, however,
easily distinguished by the bipectinate antennae of the % , and the sharply serrate
antennae of the 9 •
Male and female from Colorado.
D. specioSH n. sj). — Expands 37-38 mm. Palpi, front, thoi-ax and abdomen
rather dull ocher gray; fore wings gray, slightly ochreous, spotted with blackish
scales, these being more frequent and giving a mottled appearance near the inner
and beyond the outer lines: inner line not sharply defined, rather broad, wavy,
dark fuscous; discal spot large, fuscous, oval, inclosing a spot of ground color;
outer line not defined, broad, wavy, angulate, subjjarallel with outer margin ;
hind wings light ocher. striated outwardly with fuscous : beneath light ocher, the
fore wings sometimes tinged with fuscous, and the discal sj)ot and cross-lines
faintly showing.
Hot Springs, New Mex., Mr. Meeske. I have tlie 9 only, and
the insect is |)r()l)al)ly not correctly placed liere, as the thorax is
much more woolly above and below than are tiie other species of the
genus.
D. liel«'iia n. sp.— Expands 35 mm. Palpi yellow at base, smoky yellow
outwardly; front smoky ocher; thorax smoky ochreotis, washed with violet.
Abdomen dull ocher. Wings rich reddish ocher, somewhat dotted and striated
with brown ; at the middle of the fore wings is a broad brown band, rather dif-
fu.se beginning one-fifth out from -base on costa, evenly rounded outwardly to
inner margin ; ground color showing along costa and on outer margin of the
band, the ground color making an entering broad angle about the subdiscal vein,
almost severing the band ; also an outward, subniarginal, broad, brown band,
straightly edged on inner side; hind wings with corresponding bands; beneath
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 333
the ground color less sharp, the bands almost obsolete, faintly showing from above
and strongly marked only on inner edge near apex from costa to vein (i. Legs
smoky yellow.
Hrooklvn, N. Y. From Miss' Helen Jackson, its discoverer, for
wlioni it is nanieil.
The tyi)e is a 9 , not in the best condition, and is so far as I know
unique. It was taken on a window, being attracted to light in the
thickly built up part of Brooklyn. I am suspicious that it may be
an accidental importation from the Tropics. It has some resemblance
to 1). (ilnjdnia (lueii.
I>. <l('<'4»raf a n. sp. — Expands 35 mm. Pali)i. front and antennae dark ocher
fuscous; thorax dark gray. Abdomen fuscous ocher, darker dorsally, becoming
black on posterior part of each segment: fore wings bright, clear, very light gray,
more or less overlaid with fuscous striations. the light color clearer on middle
space and just beyond outer lines; basal line black, geminate, strong posteriorly ;
middle line black at costa. a shading across wing: outer line heavy, black, gemi-
nate, angled in opposite directions, and so more broadly separated below costa;
marginal line black, broken ; hind wings fuscous gray, two indistinct outer fus-
cous lines, more definite at inner margin ; marginal line broken, black ; all wings
with lengthened black discal spots; hind wings slightly angulate at vein 4.
Platte Canon, Colorado, from Dr. liarnes.
I>. rortifitNoia n. sp. — Expands 35 mm. Pal])i and front fuscous gray;
aTitcnuic white, ringed with black; summit and thorax dull white, with a few
blackish scales. Wings broad, dull white, slightly fuscous tinged, granular ; outer
line alone evident, fine dark fuscous, angled subcostally on fore wings, then
straight across wing, parallel with margin, straight and faintly showing on hind
wing; margins with faint intervenular black points; beneath as above, more
glistening, lines wanting, discal spots of fore wings evident, black.
Washington, from Prof Riley, taken by Mr. Koebele. The single
specimen is a 9 •
D. <'raNNHta n. sp. — Expands 31 mm. Palpi ocher fus(^ous, front dark fus-
cous; thorax fuscous gray with a bluish tinge. Abdomen and all wings even
light fuscous, rathei' evenly peppered with dark fuscous scflles, slightly thicJviT
on outer margin ; outer line very faintly suggested; beneath same color, slightly
more broken. *
Colorado, from Prof. Gillette; one female only.
1>. Miil>:ill>aria n. sp. — Of the size and appearance of Deilinia eri/themaria
(tucu. under which name it is probably in collections. The fore wings are not so
rounded, have a more pointed apex, and are hardly so broad, but the resemblance
is very decided. The wings are a dull white, with scattered dark specks, and the
fore wings with an ochreous tinge on the anterior portion, especially towards
base; along costa, especially basally, the dark atoms are thicker; below as above.
The species is easily distinguished from Deilinia eryfhremaria by the antennae of
the % , as the pectinations are short and clavate : also the subcostal fovea at base
of hind wings below is wanting.
Colorado.
TRANS ,\M. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER. IKHH
334 GEORGE D. HUL8T.
D. iniiiuta n. sp. — Expands 23-25 mm. Palpi and front fuscous ochreous
to gray ; summit generally gray, sometimes with ocher tint ; thorax gray, or
grayish fuscous. Abdomen fuscous, with an ocher tinge. Wings dirty fuscous
gray, sciiles roughened, giving a sordid granular appearance, the fuscous shading
more pronounced on the outer space, and the whole of the wings with irregu-
larly scattered black scales; cross-lines three, indistinct or almost obsolete, to
slightly darker fuscous across the wing, showing especially and distinctly in dark
fuscous or black patches along costa ; the first two are even, slightly rounded,
the outer augulated outwardly at upper end of cell: the two outer are faintly
continued on hind wings; discal spots annular, faint, diffuse; beneath clearer
gray, with fuscous, or fuscous ocher blotches, becoming at times almost or quite
solid, basally and on outer space ; discal spots annular, more distinct than above,
large.
Texas, Arizona. My specimens are all females.
I>. floridn n. sp. — Expands 26 mm. Palpi rather long, prominent, fuscous
gray, with blackish intermixed; front strongly cone tufted, of the same color;
thorax of same color, lighter gray posteriorly. Abdomen fuscous ocher ; fore
wings fuscous, with an ocher tinge to outer line, more blackish along costa ; first
two lines faint, the basal rounded, the second nearly straight, including the not
prominent discal spot; outer line black, heavy, straight from costa near apex to
the same distani-e within inner angle, edged outwardly with dull reddish brown ;
outer field fuscous, slightly ocher, margins black, wings subfalcate; hind wings
fuscous gray, darker beyond line; the outer line present, blackish, quite distinct,
bent anteriorly: marginal line blackish; beneath both wings fuscous ocher as
fore wings above, the hind wings more brokenly ; lines very faintly showing,
outer space darker fuscous, discal points indistinct.
Florida.
D. (leofptiitM n. sp. — Expands 31 mm. Palpi fuscous gray; front dark
fuscous : thorax and abdomen fuscous gray, the latter somewhat ocher tinted ;
fore wings light gray, thickly overlaid with blackish scales, giving a broken dark
gray color : basal space blackish at middle : basal line scarcely evident ; middle
line showing in broken darker patches; outer line in somewhat lengthened in-
tervenular Spots in a Hue parallel with margin, each spot preceded with a more
or less distinct whUish spot; margin of iutervenular black spots preceded by
whitish; discal spots black, small; hind wings even fuscous, without cross-lines;
discal spots obsolete; marginal line indistinct, dark fuscous; beneath dirty fus-
cous, slightly darker outwardly ; di.scal spots of fore wings very faint.
New York, one female only. v
I>. pallidiila n. sp. — Expands 25 mm. Light whitish ocher; fore wings
crossed l)y three ocher lines, the first close to base, broad, rounded, angulate; the
second just within middle of wing, broad, rounded, edges somewhat uneven ; the
outer with a fuscous tinge, narrow, running from costa to vein G, following vein
(i outwardly at a sharp angle for a short distance, then turning sharply from it
and continuing to inner margin parallel with outer edge, the line somewhat
tremulous in its course; between veins 3 and 4 is a large broken black sjiot. di-
vided by the outer line; hind wings, the three lines continued across the wings:
discal spots dark, diU'use; beneath much as above, more fuscous, lines more in-
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA. 335
definite and less pronounced ; fore winfjs much :irclied costally ; liind wings wavy,
produced, subangulate at vein 4.
Colortulo.
I). Miibaciita n. sp. — Expands 26-28 mm. Palpi and front fuscous; thorax
and al)d()nifn fuscous ocher, the abdomen becoming dark fuscous dorsally after
the first three segments; fore wings bufi' ochcr. uniform, evenly scattered over
with fuscous scales; cross-lines fuscous, nearly straight or slightly curved, parallel
to each other, the middle one just within and louching the discal spot, the outer
half way between the middle one and the outer margin ; hind wings buff ocher
lighter basally, with the two outer lines of fore wings continued ; all discal spots
present, black ; all marginal lines broken, black ; beneath color nearly as above,
uniform, the outer line alone showing; discal sjiots distiTict; marginal lines
l)roken, black ; fore wings slightly falcate in % ; hind wings somewhat wavy in
both sexes.
Colorado, Nevada.
I>. ciiiereola n. sp. — Expands 30 mm. Palpi, front and thorax fuscous
gray. Abdomen the same color, more fuscous towards end ; fore wings light gray,
with fine striations and powderings of fuscous gray, very even, cle'in and smooth
in appearance, giving a gray, slightly bluish color; lines black, the basal faint,
rounded, the outer not sharply defined, bent outward from costii, inward from
l)eyond cell to vein 4, then nearly straight to inner margin, giving a gently
evenly curved line, much as in Mncarin meadii ; hind wings even, light gray ; all
marginal lines black ; beneath, fore wings colored much as above, with the cross-
lines obsolete, the hind wings more heavily fuscous shaded and somewhat darker
than the fore wings.
Colorado.
I>. f'e^ita n. sp. — P^xpauds 32 mm. Palpi, front and collar bright yellow
ochcr, slightly tinged with fuscous; thorax light gray, glaucous with a bluish
shade. Abdomen light fuscous gray; fore wings subfalcate. light gray, bluish
tinged, with scattered fuscous and blackish scales, more heavy outwardly, giving
a general fuscous bluish gray color; lines three, faint, not easily discerned, fus-
cous in color; the first narrow, rounded; the second broader, more diffuse,
rounded out from costa, nearly straight from middle of cell to inner margin ;
outer line ever.ly rounded out from costa and beyond cell at middle, parallel with
outer margin, lightened up outwardly, and definitely marked with black points
on each of the veins; all lines definite and blackish at costa; a brown subtrian-
gular costal .spot within apex, marginal line black, broken behind, solid and heavy
below apex ; hind wings nearly even fuscous gray, heavier and showing in outer
cross-lines; discal spots dark; marginal line broken black, the wing itself with
lirominent angle at vein 4 ; beneath light gray, with more or less of scattered
broken fuscous ocher, this showing quite definitely in outer bands on all wings.
One female, Colorado, taken June 6th.
D. siibTalcatH n. sp. — Expands 30-35 mm. ^'ery much in ai)i)eanincc like
D. fe^itn, the body i)arts fuscous ocher, and the wings yellow ocher, more or less
overlaid with fuscous, esjucially on outer third ; the lines are heavier, more dis-
tinct and darker, the middle one more even below costa, the outer one m(U'e an-
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTKMBER. lH9tJ.
336 GEORGE D. HULST.
gulate ; the costal and outer sliadiugs are heavier, the outer space sometiiiies
being well darkened; the hind wings are slightly wavy margined, not angulate
as in D. festa ; beneath as D. feMa, but ochreons, and with shadings much inten-
sified.
Three females, Colorado. The .specimens differ considerably, one
having the outer margin nmch darker than the others, and one hav-
ing the ground color a bluish gray, as in D. festa. I would regard
them as varieties of /esto, were it not for the marked difference in
the shape of the hind wings.
16. MYCTIPHAXTA u. gen.
Type Uetuki Hulst.
Palpi quite shoi't, porrect, loosely scaled below ; tongue weak, not
more than one half thorax ; front loosely hairy scaled ; antennte
bipectinate to apex ; thorax and abdomen smooth. Legs smooth,
rather long; hind tibiae not swollen, without hair pencil, and with
two pairs of spurs in both sexes; fore wings 12 veins, with fovea at
base in % , 6 at a point with 7, 10 and 11 from cell ; hind wings,
veins 3 and 4 separate, (5 and 7 stemmed, 5 undeveloped.
Distinguished by the stemming of H and 7 in the hind wings, a
phase of structure very rare among the Ennominse.
kSpecies. — N. Icetula Hulst, n. sp.
M. Isetllla n. sp.— Expands 40 mm. Palpi yellow ocher; front yellow ; an-
tennje dark fascous; thorax anteriorly bright yellow, ocher posteriorly. Abdo-
men ocher; fore wings bright yellow, the color more decided basally and along
costa: a broad basal cros.s-line, faint purple; an outer cross-line, more distinct
purple, parallel with outer margin; hind wings very even bright o(dier color;
beneath fore wings as above, more ocher in color, the basal cross-line wanting,
the outer distinct purple ; costa stained with broken fuscous : hind wings brigliter
yellow than above, except along anal margin, with a few scattered brown spots,
and a broad uneven outer brown line; discal spots apparent, large, and decided
on hind wings.
Ariz.ona, one male.
17. AI*OL,KMA n. gen.
Type carata Hulst.
Palpi rather long, slender, subascending ; tongue developed ; front
probably scale tufted ; antenuie of $ flattened, naked, segments
close and even ; thorax smooth. Legs smooth, hind tibiie not swol-
len, without hair pencil, and w'ith two })airs of spurs in both .sexes;
fore wings subangulate, falcate, rather narrow, with fovea at base in
(? , 12 veins, (> sejjarate, 10 and 11 from cell; hind wings slightly
rounded in below anterior angle, then sinuate, 6 and 7 se})arate, 5
undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
AMKKICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 337
Close to Oj)ldhogni])tl!i Iliib., differing especially in the naked
flat antenna' of % .
Species. — ^1. carata Hulst.
18. EL'ASPITATFS Pack.
Geoin. Moths, 203, 1876.
Type spinitnria Pack.
Palpi short, hairy below ; tongue developed ; antennje bipectinate
in % , the pectinations moderate ; front broad, smooth ; thorax and
abdomen rather smooth ; thorax somewhat woolly below. Legs
smooth, fore tibire short, stout, rather flattened, with two spurs at
end, the outer strong, long, the inner smaller and shorter ; hind
tibiie club shaped, with two pairs of spurs in both sexes; fore wings
without fovea, 11 veins, 10 wanting, 11 from cell anastomosing with
9; hind wings 7 veins all separate, 5 undeveloped.
Species. — E. spinitaria Pack.
19. A.\TIIEL,I% n. gen.
Type taylorata Hulst.
Palpi long, subascending, heavy, end member deflexed ; tongue
developed; front with a long conical hair tuft ; antennae of % fili-
form, scarcely flattened ; thorax and abdomen smooth. Legs smooth,
hind tibiie of % long, swollen, with hair pencil, two pairs of spurs
in both sexes ; fore wings subfjilcate, even, without fovea at base in
% , 12 veiils, 10 from cell, 11 from cell ; hind wings all veins sepa-
rate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from the cell.
Species. — A. taylorata Hulst, n. sp.
A. tsiyloratit n. sp.-- Expands 35 mm. Palpi, front, thorax and abdomen
smoky clay color, the prominent tuft of the front and the antennse slightly less
smoky than the rest; jialpi (juite prominent, the end member drooping; fore
wings, apex sharp, slightly falcate, outer margin subangulate at vein 4; color
dead clay, darker along costal field, and on outer field of hind wings, which cor-
respond in color with the fore wings; both wings dotted with dark brown atoms;
basMl line of fore wings obsolete; outer line broad, brown, straight, with edges
indistinct, fading into the ground color, beginning at costa three-fourths from
base, and striking inner margin two-thirds from base; a corresponding subniar-
ginal broad line, more indistinct, starting from near apex, where it is very faint,
then running parallel with outer margin ; hind wings with a corresponding line
three-fifths out from base, indistinct; discal s])ots wanting, or faintly suggested
on fore wings; beneath an even clay color,- considerably dotted with brown.
Legs corresponding with thorax in color.
Victoria, British Columbia, from Prof Taylor, to whom I dedicate
the species.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (43) SEPTfiMBER, 1896
338 GEORGE D. HULST.
20. SYMPHERTA n. gen.
Type tripunctaria Pack.
Piilpi long, porrect or drooping, beak like, loose scaled below ;
tongue developed ; front with a long conical hair tuft ; antennse bi-
pectinate in S , the pectination.^ rather short, apex sinjple ; thorax
and abdomen rather loose scaled ; legs smooth ; iiind tibi?e in %
swollen, without hair pencil in S , with two pairs of spurs in both
sexes ; fore wings falcate, rounded, with fovea at base of wing in S ,
12 veins, 10 on 9, 11 from cell ; hind wings all veins separate, 5
undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Specico: —
S. marcessaria Pack. S. julia Hulst, n. sp.
S. tripunctaria Pack. S. coloradensis Hulst, n. sp.
S. julia n. sp. — Expands 28 33 min. Palpi and front fuscous, to fuscous ocher ;
thorax gray to fuscous. Abdomen dull white to fuscous; fore wings light gray
to fuscous, somewhat mixed with darker atoms ; basal line dark brown to black-
ish, slightly rounded outward, not distinct ; middle line a faint shade, straight,
just within discal spot; outer line scarcely visible in black points on veins, or
wholly obsolete, its place shown by a broad band nearly or quite obsolete costally ;
this varies in intensity and color, being sometimes reddish brown, reaching from
that to olive color; a sabmarginal whitish dentate line, parallel with outer mar-
gin, runs through this band : this line often indistinct and having on the inner
side a series of dark spots, especially marked at veins 3 and 4, and at 6 and 7;
discal si)ots lengthened, enclosing a space of ground color, marginal line of dis-
tinct black points; hind wings gray to fuscous, darker outwardly, cross-line faint
or obsolete ; beneatli fuscous to fuscous ocher, in all cases more ochreous on the
veins.
Sudbury, Ontario, from Mr. Evans ; Washington, from Prof.
Riley ; Calgary, from IMr. Wolly-Dod ; Glenwood Springs, Col.,
from Dr. Barnes ; Montana.
S. e<»lora<lensi>* n. sji. — Expands 3."> mm. Palpi and front l)liickish gray
or blackish ; thorax dark fuscous giay. Abdomen dark gray, ringed with black ;
fore wings gray, stained witli fuscous, and with a bluish tint, crossed by three
subparallel broad lines dark fuscous in color, each somewhat bent at cell, the
middle one enclosing the annulate discal spot ; a submarginal lighter line i)arallel
with margin or nearly .so. edged inwardly below costa and at middle with dark
brown cloudings; marginal line of faint black spots, edged outwardly with
whiti-ih; hind wings even dark fuscous, with a faint cross-line beyond cell; be-
neath fuscous, peppered with darker atoms, veins with ochreous tinting.
Colorado, from Mr. Bruce; somewhat resembling some specimens
of S. jall<i, but with wings le.ss broad, and pectinations of antcnnre
of S much shorter.
AMERICAN LEPIDOl'TEKA. 339
21. IIO:?IO<'III.4»l>f:S u.iien.
Ty])e fiitilliiiia Gueu.
Palpi moderate, siil)ascending, rather long, scaled Ix-low ; tiinirue
developed ; front smooth ; anteniue flattened, filiform, very finely
ciliate ; thorax and abdomen smooth; legs smooth, hind tihite in S
much swollen, with pencil of hairs, and with a short tuft of hairs
at end of femora; two pairs of spurs in both sexes; fore wings
rounded, without fovea at base in 'E , 12 veins, 10 from cell with 9,
or short stemmed with it, 11 from ccsll ; hind wings all veins se{)a-
rate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — H. fritilluria Guen. (disconventa Wlk.)
H. famulata Hulst.
22 THAL,I.01»HAGA n. gen.
Type fanlariii Hulst.
Palpi long, subascending, end member small, deflexed ; front with
strong conical scale tuft; antennie of % flattened, somewhat lamel-
late; tongue developed; thorax and abdomen smooth; hind tibiie
of S swollen, with hair pencil, with all spurs ; fore wings broad,
slightly falcate, without fovea below, 12 veins, 10 and 11 from cell ;
hind wings 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — T. faatarla Hulst.
23. AETHYCTERAn. geu.
Ty])e electa Hulst.
Palpi rather short, porrect, not heavily scaled ; tongue strong ;
front broad, smooth ; antennae bipectinate in S , j)lumose, pectina-
tions long, filiform, apex simple ; thorax and abdomen scaled ; hind
tibije long, not swollen, without hair pencil, with all spurs; f'oie
wings pointed, somewhat falcate, rounded, without fovea below, 12
veins, 10 on 9, 11 from cell; hind wings even, rounded, anal angle
quite distinct, 5 undeveloped, (5 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — .-1. electa Hulst, n. sp.
A. electa n. sp. — Expands 32 mm. Palpi oclier fuscous at end ; front oclicr
yellow, with a fuscous stain ; thorax ocher. Abdomen ocrher at base, becoming
ocher fuscous towards end, tiie whole intermixed with dark seniles; fore wings
even violet ocher, evenly peppered over with blackish scales ; outer space slightly
darkened, veins less violet; hind wings dull white, somewhat peppered along
inner edge with darkish scales: beneath light violet ocher, much lighter than
above, spattered with dark scales, not so distinct nor sharp in color as above,
and these prevalent, especially on the hind wings; at apex of fore wings and
along outer margin the color deepens so as to resemble the color above.
Siskiyou County, California.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XX 111. SEPTEMBER. 1896
I
340 GEORGE D. HUL8T.
24. AP.-ECASIA n. gen.
Type detersata Gueu.
Palpi moderate, subascending, rather stout, long scaled below ;
froDt with scale tuft; tongue developed; antennse of .% slightly
flattened, filiform, finely and shortly eiliate ; thorax and abdomen
loose scaled ; legs smooth, swollen, without hair pencil iu % , with
two pairs of spurs in both sexes ; fore wings rounded, even, without
fovea in S at base, 12 veins, 10 and 11 from cell; hind wings, all
veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species : —
A. detersata Guen. A. extremaria Wlk.
A. deflnata Wlk. A. bifilata Hulst.
A. deductarla Walk.
25. CATOPYRRHA Hub.
Verz. 300. 1818.
Type colorarin Fah.
Palpi long, subascending, beak like, end member horizontal, the
whole rather heavily scaled, front with strong conical tuft ; tongue
developed ; anteunee strongly bipectinate in % , almost to apex ;
thorax anteriorly long hairy ; abdomen rather loose scaled ; thorax
woolly hairy below ; legs smooth, rather long, not swollen, without
hair pencil, and with two pairs of spurs in both sexes; wings
I'ounded, even ; fore wings 12 veins, without fovea at base in S ,'
10 on 9, 11 from cell; hind wings with fovea beneath at base
between vein 8 and cell ; 5 undeveloped ; 8 separate from cell.
Species. — C. ferraginosai'ia Pack.
C. colordrla Fab.
C coloraria. var. perolivata. n. var. — Of the size and markings of the
type form, hut ahove of a l)eautiful olive-green, evenly spread over the whole
surface of both wings; beneath a bright clear yellow on all wings from base to
outer line, beyond that the yellow more or less overlaid with dark reddish and
jiurple.
Texas, from Mr. Rautenberg. A most striking and beautiful
insect, both above and below.
2(i. EIJEWERA n. gen.
Type jiituruarid ( ruen.
Palpi very long, beak like, heavily s(;aled on first and second
members, subascending, end member sliarp, horizontal ; tongue de-
veloped ; front with a conical hair tuft; anteniue bipectinate in %,
apex simj)le ; thorax and alxloinen liairy scaled; legs long; hind
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTiiRA. 341
tibia3 iu both sexes not swollen, without Iniir pencil, and with two
pairs of spurs; wings even; fore wings with fov^ea at base in Z ,
small, close to base, 12 veins, 10 on 9, 11 on cell; hind wings all
veins separate, 8 separate from cell, a fovea not strongly (levelo})ed
at base of wing in % between vein 8 and costa.
Species. — A. juturnaria Guen.
A. viridirufaria Neum.
27. €AKII»ETA Walk.
C. B. M. pt. 26. ir)24, 1862.
Tyi)e lUcimta Wlk.
Piirennomos Pack., Mass. Agric. Rep. 15, 1870. tyj)e divisafn Walk.
Palpi moderate or rather short, porrect, slender ; tongue devel-
oped ; front smooth ; antenme bi[)ectinate in % , apex simple, den-
tate in 9 J thoi'ax rather rough haired, w'oolly below ; abdomen
smooth ; legs smooth ; hind lihite in % swollen and with hair pencil,
swollen in 9 > in both sexes with two pairs of spurs ; wings even,
rounded ; fore wings without fovea at ba.se in S , 3 and 4 from a point,
6 .stemmed with 7, 10 and I 1 from cell anastomosing with 12; hind
wings all veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
.Species : —
C. Ida Hulst, n. sj). C angustiorata Wlk. \_0)'f.)
C. gnrfiaria Hulst. C. aretaria Wlk. (subochrearia
C. divisafa Wlk. C. cequaliaria, Grt.
C/. i«la II. sp. — Expands .35 mm. Palpi and front butt' color, summit a little
fuscous; thorax buff ochreous in front, light oclier mixed with white behind.
Abdomen ochreous ; fore wings somewhat orange ocher, lightening a little on tlie
veins, unicolorous with the exception of a few scattered black scales to the discal
spot, which is distinct black; an outer black line, uneven, rather jagged, parallel
in its general direction with outer margin from costa to vein 6, then generally
rounded inward and again outward, reacliing inner margin at posterior angle of
wing; a subapical dark space; otherwise the outer space unicolorous, the veins
not lightened ; hind wings ocher at base, gradually becoming orange ocher at
outwardly ; discal spots distinct, black, small ; beneath unicolorous ocher. with
an orange or fulvous tinge.
Colorado, Mr. Bruce. I have the 9 <>"ly> '^^^^ s<^ cannot posi-
tively vouch for its generic reference.
28. PIIEXGOMMAT.KA n. gen.
Type e.dwardsata Hulst.
Palpi moderate, porrect, or subascending, loosely scaled ; tongue
developed ; front smooth ; antennae of % flattened, lamellate, naked ;
thorax woolly above and below; abdomen woolly at base; legs,
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER. 1896.
342 GEORGE D. HULST.
femora with long hairs ; hind tibiae of % swollen, without liair pen-
cil, with two i)airs of spurs in both sexes; fore wings rounded or
subangular at 4, without fovea at base in S , 12 veins, 6 separate,
10 and 11 stemmed, anastomosing with 12 and scarcely with 9 ; hind
wings all veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — P. edivardmta Hulst.
P. gertruda Hulst, n. sp.
P. gertriidit n. sp. — Expands 40 42 mm. Palpi light ocher. stained with
fuscous towards ends ; front ocher fuscous ; antennae, of same color, lighter basally ;
thorax ocher below, reddish brown above. Abdomen dull whitish ; fore wings
bright reddish brown, almost fulvous, marked with broad, white, longitudinal
stripes on spaces between the veins ; the anterior one between 7 and 8 is submar-
ginal and short; the next reaches from margin almost to stem of Sand 7; the
next between 5 and 6 extends from margin, merging with the next lower, which
itself is faint towards margin, the merging being on vein 5 outside of cell and
extending longitudinally across cell, more faintly towards base, the lower part
separating within cell and joining a corresponding band just below subdiscal
vein ; sometimes the ground color is apparent on vein 5 all its length, and the
two white bands do not actually unite; the parts between 3 and 4 and 2 and 3
are short, not reaching cell ; the bands between 1 and 2. and posterior to 1, are
straight, the former joining with the one between 4 and 5 near base but not
reaching it, the latter reaching to base; hind wings with lines broadened so that
the fulvous color is mostly lost on basal two-thirds, and is fainter outwardly on
veins; beneath as above, the fulvous more faint on fore wings, stronger on hind
wings, especially anteriorly.
Colorado, from Mr. Cockerell and Mr. Bruce.
29. PL.ATJE.A H.-Sch.
Auseur, Schmet. p. 84, 1855.
Type californiaria H.-Sch.
Gorytodes, Guen. Phal. ii, 179, 1857, type californiaria H.-Sch.
Palpi long, porrect, heavy ; tongue developed ; front with iiair
tuft ; antennae pectinated in both sexes, in S almost to apex, pecti-
nations moderate ; thorax loosely scaled ; abdomen smooth ; legs
smooth, hind tibiae not swollen, without hair pencil, with two pairs
of spurs in both sexes; fore wings subtalcate, sometimes obscurely
angulate at 4, especially in S , 12 veins, 6 and 7 stemmed, 10 and
1 1 from cell, without fovea below in % ; hind wings 6 and 7 stemmed,
5 undeveloj)ed, 8 separate from cell.
Dr. Packard figures the fore wings with 1 1 veins only. In many
specimens I have found no such example and no such tendency.
Species. — P. californiaria H.-Sch. (uncanaria Gn.)
P. trilinearia Pack.
P. diva Hulst, n. sp.
AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA. 343
P. diva 11. sp. — Expands .35-38 mm. Palpi slender, pon-ect, rather long, firay.
spaltiTfd witli dark scales; front, thorax and ahdonien K'"a.v, with like dark scales
intiM'niixed, these rather niore dense on anterior i)art of thorax ; fore wings gray
more or less powdered with blackish scales; a faint blackish basal line evident,
deeply angled outwardly at middle and not reaching inner margin ; middle field
darkening outwardly, forming against the gray outer field a scalloj>ed edge, the
dentations being inward and on the %'eins, the posterior being the deeper, and
the general trend of the line being away from outer margin ; posteriorly the line
stoi)s at fold between veins 1 and 2, and, going towards base, joins the basal ; outer
field with a rather broad darkening along margin, and a black marginal line;
fringe white, blackened outwardly at ends of veins; discal spot large, oval,
black ; hind wings even gray, translucent, slightly darker outwardlv ; marginal
line blackish, fringe gray; discal spot dark, small, faint; beneath fore wings
gray, darker ba.sally, and with submarginal darker band ; marginal line bhutk.
fringe as aiiove ; hind wings' gray at base, darkening into a broail band on outer
half; discal spots faint ; legs and abdomen beneath dark gray.
C'aliforuia, from Dr. Riley, taken in Argus Mountains.
30. EX Y PI. 4 n. gen.
Type venatd (xrt.
Palpi moderate, porreet, rough scaled ; tongue developed ; front
clo.'^e scaled, I'oiinded ; antenn;e of % flattened, nearly naked, lamel-
late; thorax hairy above, woolly below, femora with fringe of hairs.
Al)domen smooth ; hind tibi;B scarcely swollen, with hair pencil in
% , with all spurs ; fore wings with fov^ea below in % , small, close
to base, 12 veins, K* stemmed vvith 11 at base; hind wings, ■) unde-
veloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell ; all wings broad,
even, rounded.
Species. — E. venata Grt.
E. peranrjulntn Hulst, n. sp.
E. peraiigiililta u. sp. — Expands 38-42 mm. In many resi>ects like E.
veniita Grt., and i)robably its representative in ('olorado. The ground color is
much darker, being dark gray instead of whitish, and the space between the
cn)ss-lincs evenly blackish gray. The lines run the .same on the fore wings, and
there is the same row of black points on the hind wings, though fainter and
sometimes ob.solete in E. peraugnlafa ; both fore and hind wings are narrower
than in E. veiinta, and the insects has considerably the appearance of Xepytiu
■lemidnsiiria Walk .
Colorado, from ]\Ir. Hruce and Dr. (Jillette.
31. PHILEDIA n.gen.
Type punctomacidaria Hulst.
l*all)i short, slender ; tongue developed; front smooth; antennre
pectinated in S to apex, pectinations rather short; summit of head
with something of an overhanging scale tuft ; thorax loosely scaled.
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. X.\III. SEPTEMKER, 1896.
344 GEORGE D. HUL8T.
Abdomen smooth ; legs smooth, hiud tibite of % swollen, with hair
pencil in % , two pairs of spnrs present in both sexes ; fore wings
even, withont fovea below, 12 veined, 10 and 11 from cell, 12 sepa-
rate ; hind wings all veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from
cell.
Species. — P. punctomacularia Hulst.
32. I^EPYTIA n. gen.
Type semidusaria Walk.
Palpi moderate or small, not heavy ; tongue developed ; front
broad, rounded, close scaled ; antennse of % pectinated to apex, of
9 filiform ; thorax hairy scaled above, loose haired below. Abdo-
men smooth ; legs slender, hind tibiae slightly swollen, without hair
pencil in S ; fore wings with fovea below close to base in Z , 12
veins, 10 and 11 from cell; hind wings 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7
separate, 8 separate from cell ; all wings even, rounded.
Species. — N. nigrovenaria Pack.
N. semidusaria Walk.
N. umbrosata Pack.
23. AL.riS Curt.
Brit. Ent. iii, 303, 1825.
Type reprmdata Linn.
Hesperumia Pack., Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, xvi, 37, 1874, tyi)e.
Palpi moderate, sometimes quite long, and sometimes quite short,
porrect or subascending, rather rough scaled ; tongue developed ;
front scaled, sometimes tufted; antennae of % bipectinate, apex
simple, the pectinations generally clavate, sometimes filiform, mod-
erate or short, always gradually shortening to simple apex, the an-
tennae never plumose, of $ filiform or serrate ; thorax scaled or
hairy scaled, rarely tufted posteriorly, somewhat hairy below. Ab-
domen scaled ; hind tibiae swollen, with hair pencil in 1 , with all
spurs; fore wings 12 or 11 veins, varying in the same species, 11
being often or generally absent, with fovea below in % ; hind wings
5 undeveloped, 6 and 7 sepai'ate, 8 separate from cell, the wings
rounded, rarely wavy or somewhat angulato.
yl/c('.s- and Cleova are very near each othcu', and wiiile the various
species included under them are very different in su[)erficial appear-
ance, I find it difficult to find any structural characteristic which
will distinctly separate them. Aids generally has shorter pectina-
tions to the % antenme; they are generally clavate and always
AMERICAN LKIMUOI'TKKA. 345
gnuliially sliorten to the .siin[)l(' apox. Cleora has long HIifonii pec-
tinations to the %, antennie, and they always shorten suddenly to
the simple aj)ex. The latter characteristic is peculiai- to a lew species
mostly included under the old genus Boarmia.
Species: —
,-1. sidphnraria Pack. A. ohliqnaria Grt.
A. spodudea Hulst. n. sp. A. atrolinearia Hulst.
A. mulliiineatn Pack. " A. imitata Walk.
A. dislucaria Pack. A. ealiforniaria Pack.
A. mettmemana Hulst. A. lalifaxciar'm Pack.
.1. depromarid (irt. A. haydennta Pack.
A. dimiuntiria Hulst, u. sp. ^4. hirkhda Hulst, n. sj).
A. dejectii HuLst. n. sp. A. latipoinis Hulst, ii. .sp.
A. b-lhiearia Pack.
A. (liKKOiiaria u. sp. — lv\i)an(ls 3r)-:58 uiui. Of the qnhiqni'Unearin Pack,
grouji. ('(ilor iijfht ^ray or dull white, with a nii.xtnre of dark brown .scales;
lines of wings oblique, the basal obsolete towards costa, with an inner shadow
line, the outer evenly sinuate with outer shadow line; the outer line obsolete
towards apex, runs from that direction to middle of inner margin ; a middle line
faint, from costa, through discal spot, nearly rea<-hing outer line then sui)parallel
with it to inner margin ; the lengthened discal spot and line with the sinus of the
outer line give an impression of an inclosed rounded costal space; hind wings
basal line indistinct: outer line with its outer shadow line wavy, most bent in at
3; marginal line line, black, even : outer margin of fore wings evenly wavy, the
hind wings more wavy, but with a strong inner dejjression at 5; thorax and ab-
donu'U light gray, segments of abdomen black anteriorly.
(/olorado.
A. Si|»0<l4»<loa n. sp.— Expands 32-:34 mm. Palpi and front dark fuscous ;
antennae fuscous, pectinations very short, though distinct ; thorax fuscous, patagiaj
blackish gray. Abdomen fuscous, the segments ringed with dark fuscous or
black ; fore wings dark gray, with four cross-lines, two basal dose together, the
inner the more diffuse, parallel, very slightly rounded outwardly; the third line
is just within the discal spot, broad, black, nearly straight, more diffuse outwardly ;
the outer line is black, with a faint shadow line outwardly just bey(uid discal
spot, nearly straight, or evenly curved twice; a submarginal jagged white line,
edged with fuscous or blackish ; marginal space darker than the rest of the wing;
margin with black points; hind wings light gray at base, becoming dark gray
outwardly; three faint lines showing, each limited by a black spot on inner
margin ; beneath light gray, the lines faintly shadowed.
Colorado. In appearance ver}' much like Sctitt/ni/j/iid afrifaKcidfd.
A. dejecta n. sp. — Expands 35-40 mm. An insect of the size of Cleora
Inrviirid. and in its general aitjiearance very nuich resembling it. The lines are
in general very nearly the same, though miudi less decided in dejecta; the outer
line of the fore wings is oliliipie. lieginning nearer the ajiex. and the outer line
of the hind wings is less angulate at middle: the whole appearance of the in.secr
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (44) -SEl'TKMKKK, 18»6.
.•
346 GEORGE D. HULST.
is softer and more subdued; both the front and hind wings are more wavy on
outer margin, and there is tiie difference in tlie antennal structure of the % .
Los Angeles, Cal., and Colorado.
A. latipennis n. sp. — Expands 45 mm. Palpi dull gray; front the same,
blackisli in middle, summit gray; thorax gray. Abdomen gray, washed poste-
riorly with fuscous. Wings light gray, overlaid thickly with fuscous scales, the
veins with less of these, and therefore lighter; basal line indicated by three or
four black points on veins; outer line indicated by black points on each vein
parallel with margin and a faint connecting line; a line of intervenular black
points on margin, and a submarginal light shade line; hind wings with straight
inner shade, and a nearly straight median line emphasized in points on veins ; a
marginal black line; discal spots on all wings black; beneath more even, hardly
lighter in color: discal spots very faint on fure wings, sharp and black on hind
wings, no spots or lines otherwise: all wings are broad, the hind ones somewhat
scalloped on outer margin.
"Easton, Washington." From Dr. Riley.
A. luri<ltila n. sp. — Expands 43 mm. Palpi very short, blackish gray;
front closely scaled, fuscous gray ; antennte, thorax and abdomen gray, with few
darker scales; all wings of an even fuscous gray color, closely scaled, slightly
powdered with darker scales, and the whole with a. faint violet reflection ; be-
neath as above, somewhat lighter and smoother. Legs concolorous, tarsi becoming
darker.
Florida. From Mrs. Slosson.
34. A1»IIL,APIS Guen.
Phal. ii. B2, 1857.
Type unipnnctafd Haw.
Palpi moderate or rather short, slender, porrect ; tongue very
short, not half thorax ; front narrow, smooth ; antennie of S bi-
pectinate, ape.x simple, of 9 serrate or simple ; thorax hairy scaled
above, hairy below ; abdomen smootli, tufted at end in % ; legs
rather short, rough scaled, hind tibi;e of S without hair pencil, with
all spurs; fore wings witli fovea below in S , 11 or 12 veins, bent or
.somewhat angulate on outer margin ; hind wings o undeveloped, H
and 7 separate, 8 se[)arate from cell ; outer margin wavy and (piite
decidedly projecting into rounded angles at veins o and 4.
Species. — A. unipunctata Haw.
A. suhafomaria Ouen.
35. I*AKAI*IIIA Guen.
Phal. i. 271, 1857.
Type dcplfinaria Guen.
I*alpi moderate, .-ilender, heavily scaled l)elow ; tongue strong;
fi-ont scaUnl ; antenna; of % witli short pectinations, each pectina-
I
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 347
tioii with fascicle of liairs, apex simple; thorax and ahdonien scaled,
the latter tufted at end ; hind til)i;e of h with hair pencil, with all
spurs; fore wings with fovea helow in ^,12 or 11 veins, somewhat
waved on outer margin ; hind wings 5 undeveloped, (5 and 7 sepa-
rate, 8 separate from cell ; wing waved on outer margin forming
rounded, projecting angles at veins 3 and 4.
Species. — P. deplaiKiria Guen.
30. SFODOLEPIS u. gen.
Type subxtriataria Hulst.
Palpi moderate, subascending, heavily scaled below ; tongue de-
veloped ; front very broad, rounded, smooth ; antennte of 9 hliform ;
thorax with long scales, with an anterior, dorsal, den.se, hair tuft,
and the patagi:e running out into long stemmed scales forming raised
tufts on each side ; abdomen snjooth ; hind tibite of 9 slightly
swollen, with two i)airs of spurs; fore wings decidedly arched at
shoulder, subfalcate, angled at vein 5, 12 veins, G .separate, 10 and
11 from cell, anastomosing with each other and with 9 and 12 ; hind
wings all veins separate, 5 undevelo})ed, 8 separate from cell.
I have the 9 otdy. It is peculiar from the dor.sal tufting and
tufted ])atagiie.
Species. — S. substrlaUirla Hulst, ii. s[).
S. Miibstriataria n. sp. — p]xj)aii(ls 48 mm. Palpi, front and thorax dark
fuscous, thf tufts of the hitter white on end. Abdomen light fuscou.s, with a few
scattered black scales: fore wings fu.scous, showing a violet reflection in some
lights across the middle field, with quite thickly scattered, raised, black and white
scsiles; a basal black cross-line, edged within with raised white scales, with three
inward angles and three outward loops, the largest on cell ; an outer black line
edged outwardly with white scales, oblique from costa to vein (J following this
some distance, then at an angle turning down to 4 not far from outer margin,
then rounding back to 3, then with two more sinuses from 3 to 2 and 2 to inner
margin ; a blackish cloud on basal middle field on cell, and another below the
cell, a marginal line of intervenular black dashes, jjanillel with the veins; hind
wings light fuscous, black peppered, darker outwardly; beneath dull soi-did fus-
cous, the fore wings faintly showing the lines, the hind wings with dark fuscous
striations.
One 9 . Francouia, N. H., from Mrs. Slosson. The insect ha.s
somewhat the appearance of Paraphia.
37. STEXOTRACHELYS Guen.
I'hal. i, 290, 1857.
Type approximaria Hiib.
Palpi rather long, porrect, long and loosely .scaled ; tongue de-
velo[H'd ; fi-ont broad, bulging, loosely scaled ; antenna." bipeclinate
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIU. SEPTEMBER. 18!»6.
348 GEORGE r>. nULST.
in S , pectinations long, not reaching to apex ; thorax and abdomen
loosely scaled ; thorax below woolly ; legs smooth ; hind tibite long,
somewhat swollen, without hair pencil, and with two pairs of spurs
in both sexes; fore wings with fovea at base in % , 10 from cell, 11
on 12 and anastomosing more or less with 10 ; hind wings all veins
separate ; the fore wings vary from wavy to even margined ; the
hind wings are sinuate margined, often deeply so.
Species. — *S'. ajiproxlmarla Hiib.
*S'. penmignaria Pack.
38. L,YTROSISn. gen.
Type unitdrin H.-Sch.
Pal])i rather long, erect, recurved ; tongue develo])ed ; front smooth ;
antennje of % bipeetinate almost to apex, pectinations long, plumose ;
thorax scale haired above, woolly below ; abdomen smooth ; hind
tibire with two pairs of spurs in both sexes, with hair pencil in % ;
fore wings wavy margined, with a broad blunt angle at 4, with fovea
at base in S , 12 veins, 10 separate, 11 on 12; hind wings unevenly
wavy on outer margin, with fovea below at base in 9 > JiH veins
separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — L. uuitaria H.-Sch.
39. i^lERl$!» n. gen.
Type alticola Hulst.
Falj)i (piite short, slender, porreet ; tongue developed ; front broad,
rounded, smooth ; antennne bipeetinate in both sexes, in 9 the ])ec-
tinations short ; thorax hairy scaled above, woolly below ; abdomen
smooth; hind tibise not swollen, with two pairs of spurs ; fore wings
very slightly angled at 4, 12 veins, 10 and 11 anastomosing with
each other, and with 9 and 12; hind wings rounded, all veins sepa-
rata, 5 undeveloped, 8 se})arate from cell.
I have the 9 oidy. It separates by the presence in that sex of
the bipec^tinate antenna', and from IHerofwa may be known by the
12 veined fore wings.
Species. — M. alticola ilulst, n. s}).
M. alticola n. sp. — Expands 42 nun. I'lilpi fuscuns, blackish at end. Head
smoky; anteniiic black above, light gray below and on pectinations; thorax fus-
cous gray, becoming light gray on patagise posteriorly. Abdomen gray, with faint
blackish either side of dorsal line ; fore wings light gray, thickly and quite evenly
overlaid with dark fuscous scales giving a sipiamous appearance to surface ; basal
line not sharply defined, broad, slightly rounded outwardly; outer line faint,
broad, illy defined, rounded at costa. then i)arallel with outer margin ; discal spot
indistinct, elongated, blackish ; outer margin .slightly angulated at 5; hind wings
AMERICAN LKl'lDOPTKRA. 349
light gray, scarcely with blackish scales basally, but these increasing towards
outer margin ; central cross-line very faint, most sharply defined by a black dot
on inner margin ; marginal lines l}lackisli; discal spot faint; beneath as above,
paler, markings faint.
Coloriulo, from Mr. Bruce. Feinale only.
40. I»TER»T.«A n. gen.
Type vnrUmi Hulst.
Palpi moderate, porrect, rough scaled; tongue developed; front
broad, rounded, scaled; antennje bipectinate in both sexes, the pec-
tinations in 9 short; thorax r()u<;h scaled ; abdomen smooth ; hind
tibia' swollen ; fore wings 11 veins, 1 1 wanting; hind wings 5 unde-
veloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell ; fore wings even,
hind wings triangular, waved on outer margin.
I have the 9 <>"'y ; the % almost certainly has fovea below on
fore wings, and probably has hair pencil on hind tibiiie.
Species. — P. cariosa Hulst, u. sp.
I*. cari<>sa n. sp. — Expands 38 mm. Palpi, front and thorax blackish gray.
Abdomen with each segment dark fuscous, becoming black posteriorly, the ex-
treme posterior edge being light gray ; fore wings gray, pretty generally overlaid
with blackish, the gray showing more plainly on anterior middle field : basal line
fine, blackish, not very ])ronouuced, somewhat dentate, generally rounded, the
veins basally more blackish ; outer line fine, black, dentate, subparallel with
margin; a fine, evenly scalloped, whitish line in submarginal space; mai'gin
scalloped and with a distinct, even, black marginal line, the black at the points
extending out on the veins ; hind wings color of fore wings, with the outer line
of fore wings extended across; submarginal white line faint, broken; margin
scalloped, edged with a distijict black line; beneath light fuscous, with dark fus-
cous ]wi)perings. becoming entirely dark fuscous on a])ical portion of fore wings.
Soda Si)rings, Cal., August, from Dr. Behrens.
41. IXAL.A n. gen.
Type desperariu Hulst.
Palpi rather short, porrect, rough S(;aled l)elow ; tongue developed ;
front broad, rounded, short scaled ; antennse of % bipectinate, apex
simple, pectinations long, filiform ; thorax smooth, somewhat hairy
below ; abdomen .-imooth, slightly tufted at end ; legs long, slender,
all spurs long and slender; hind tibiae slender, without hair pencil,
with all spurs ; fore wings with fovea below in % , rather broad,
even, rounded, 12 vein.s, 10 on 9, 11 from cell ; hind wings with
subcostal fovea below at base, and with fold beneath on inner margin
with fringe of hairs within, 5 undevelo})ed, (i and 7 separate, <S .-sepa-
rate from cell.
Species. — /. de><perarla JIulst.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER. 189(5.
350 GEORGE D. HULST.
42. SPODOPTKRA ii. gen.
Tyjio opiiscidiiria Iliilst.
Pal{)i moderate, rather heavy, porrect, loosely scaled ; tongue de-
veloped ; front broad, some rounded, with a short hair tuft below ;
antennae bipectinated in S , apex simple, bases close together ; sum-
mit with scale tuft ; thorax loosely scaled ; abdomen smooth, with
large, lateral, broad, hair tuft from posterior part of third segment;
thorax woolly hairy below ; legs smooth, hind tibine scarcely swollen,
without hair pencil, with two pairs of spurs in both sexes; fore
wings broad, even, rounded, triangular, without fovea at base in % ,
12 veins, 10 on 9, 11 from cell ; hind wings broad, rounded, with a
fovea at base in % at vein 8 below, and along inner margin beneath
a broad, closely fitting fold, extending nearly the whole margin and
nearly covering the cell, filled within with a mass of long yellowish
woolly hairs ; veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — P. opuscuiaria Hulst.
43. S<)MATOL,OI»IIIA n. gen.
Type iimbripennis Hulst.
Palpi moderate, ascending, rather stout, loosely scaled ; tongue
developed; front rounded, broad, loosely haired; antennte bipecti-
nate in % , pectinations long ; summit with loose, overhanging scale
tuft ; thorax clothed with long hairs, long woolly beneath ; abdomen
coarsely haired and scaled with dense dorsal tuft of hairs on first
and third segments; legs smooth, hind tibise in % slightly svvollen,
without hair pencil, rather heavy, with two pairs of spurs, the upper
distant from the end ; fore wings even, a small faint fovea in % at
base, 12 veins, lb very strongly furcate at base, 10 on 11, scarcely
anastomosing with 9, 1 1 from cell ; hind wings broad, even, all veins
separate, 5 undeve]oj)ed, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — S. mnbripennis Hulst, n. sp.
S. iinibripcniiis n. sjt. — Expands 48 mm. Palpi, head, thorax and abdo-
men (lull fuscous, the tuft on first segment of abdomen black; all wings dark
fuscous, somewhat darker without basal line, within outer line, and in a row of
clouded spots at middle of outer line; basiil line faint, dentate and irregular;
outer line two-tiiirds out, parallel with outer margin, evenly scalloped, between
each vein, a slight whiteness within each dentation, the round of the scallops
being outward ; hind wings with a corresponding line and with a shading of a
row of spots acro.ss middle of outer field.
Colorado.
AMERICAN LKriDOPTKUA, 351
44. TOR]¥OS Morr.
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hi-st. xvii. 217. 187.").
Type scolopncinarins Guen.
Palpi rather lono^, heavy, porrect, loo.-^e .-^calefl ; toiitfiie weak,
rather sliort; front scakMl, sliirlitly tufted; aiiteniue hipectinatc in
% ; thorax and ahdoinen stout, smooth ; h>!j;s smooth, short, swollen,
without hair pencil in S ; with two |)airs of spurs in both sexes;
fore wings narrow, extended, even, with di.seal tuft of rai.sed scales,
without basal fovea in % , but with vein Ih strongly curved uj) ba-
.sally, 11 veins, perhaps sometimes 12 ; when 11 are present 10 want-
ing, 1 1 from cell ; hind wings 6 and 7 near together ; outer margin
rounded or sinuate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate fi"om cell.
Under Lepiodes Guenee described two species: infectaria, from
S. Africa, and scolopacinwla. The two species are not congeneric ;
iiifrcfdrid being more emphasized by being described first, and also
figured, is rightly the type of (juenee's genus. I therefore apply
Mr. Morrison's generic name to our species.
Species. — T. scolopacinarius Guen. (rubiginosus Morr.)
T. abjectarius Hulst.
45. EXEL.IS Guen.
Phal. i, 323, 1857.
Type pyrolaria Guen.
Patridiva Walk., C. B. M. Part 26. 1688, 1862. i.vpe pi/rularia Guen.
Palpi moderate, poi'rect or subascending, stout, loosely scaled ;
tongue weak, slender, short ; front loose scaled, tufted ; antennte bi-
l)ectinate in both sexes, apex simple, pectinations long and heavy in
% , moderate in 9 ; thorax and abdomen smooth ; legs smooth,
short, stout ; hind tibite swollen, without hair pencil, with two pairs
of spurs in both sexes; fore wings without fovea at base in S , II
veins, 10 wanting, 11 from cell; hind wings all veins separate, 5
undevelojjed, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — E. pijrolarln (ifuen. (approximaria Pack.)
46. SY:VGL.0<'IIIS n. gen.
Type perumbraria Hulst.
Pal[)i short, rather heavy, loosely .scaled ; tongue very short and
weak ; front tubt-rcled, consisting of an external round ridge, hol-
lowed within, rising at the center into a prominent truncated cone,
reaching very much beyon<l the ridge; antenme bipectinate in S ,
filiform in 9 ! thorax and abdonien smooth ; legs smooth, fore tibiie
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIU. SEPTEMBER, 1896.
352 GEORGE D. HULST.
witli a rather lonu: slender claw or spine at end ; hind tibiae sonie-
wliat swollen, Avitliout hair ])encil in % , with end spurs only; fore
wings narrow, extended, witiiont basal fovea in S, 11 veins, 10
wanting, 11 from cell, cell long ; hind wings rounded, sinused in on
outer margin l)efore anal angle, all veins separate, 8 close to cell
nearly its whole length, 5 undeveloped.
Species. — S. perumhrarui Hulst, u. sp.
S. periimbraria n. sp. — Expands 18-25 mm. Palpi and front blackish ;
thoi-ax dark fuscous. Abdomen blackish or fuscous ; fore wings with the dark
gray color of the Tornos group, consisting of dark fuscous scales laid upon a lighter
base: cross-lines faint, blackish, the basal strongly bent out below cell, the outer
sinused out beyond cell, and in at vein 2 ; marginal line black ; hind wings some-
what lighter than fore wings, slightly hollowed out before inner angle: beneath
slightly lighter tlian above, without lines. '
S. California, from Hy. Edwards and Prof. Kile}'. Very nuieh
like some kindred species in appearance, and determined best by the
generic structure.
47. GI.AIJCINA n. geu.
Tyi)e esairia Grt.
Palpi short, heavy, loose scaled ; tongue develoj)ed, quite strong ;
front tubercled as in SijmjlocJih, but the central cone much shorter,
hardly exceeding outer rim ; antennie bipectinate in % , dentate in
9 ; tlun-ax and abdomen smooth ; fore tibiie with a fine slender spine
at end ; hind tibite with two pairs of spurs in both sexes, rather
swollen, without luiir j)encil ; fore wings narrow, extended, cell long,
11 veins, 10 wanting; hind wings sinused in before anal angle, ex-
tendetl, rounded, all veins separate, 8 close to cell nearly its whole
length, 5 undevelo})etl.
Species. — G. pjjgmeolariu Grt.
G. escaria Grt.
G. incopriaria Hulst.
Tornos candidarim Hulst, Ent. Amer. ii, 192, is a Noctuid, the
narrow wings, tubercled clypeus and spined fore tibiae, leading to the
error.
48. IIOI.OCHKOA n. gen.
Type dissociaria Hulst.
Palpi moderate, rather heavy ; tongue apparently obsolete ; front
broad, smooth ; antenna; bipectinate in % , extreme apex simple ;
thorax above long loose scaled, below densely hairy ; abdomen
smooth ; hind tibiie witii end pair of sjiurs only, not swollen, without
AMKKU'AN hICriDOPTEKA. 353
hair pencil ; fore \viii<i'.s without basal fovea in % , 12 veins, "> very
weak, 10 on 11, scarcely iinastomosing with 9, 11 from cell; hind
wings all veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — H. dU^ociurta Ilulst.
49. CflEXOCII.iRIS n. gen.
Ty])e hiterrupiitrid Grt.
Palpi short, rather stout, loosely scaled ; tonii;ui! well developed ;
front tubercled as in SijiKjlochlx, hut the central portion evenly
rounded or roughened and Hat ; antenme bipectinate in % , dentate
in 9 ; thorax and abdomen smooth ; fore tibije unarmed, hind tibiae
scarcely swollen, without hair pencil and with two pairs of spurs in
both sexes; fore wings extended, 1 1 veins, 10 wanting, 1 1 from cell ;
hind wings extended, with a considerable sinus on outer margin just
before anal angle, 6 and 7 short stemmed, 5 undveloped, 8 separate
from cell.
Species : —
C. eupitheciarla Grt. C. ititemiptaria Grt.
C. elo)igata Hulst, n. sp. C. (JchroJ'uKCdria Grt.
CJ. olongMta n. sp. — Expands 2ii mm. Midway in size between C. enpithe-
ciaria Grt. and C. interruptaria Grt., and of the siime general color; lines on fore
wings distinct, as in C. interraptana. but widely seinirate, both scalloped between
the veins, the outer one continued faintly on hind w'ings; discal spots distinct
black.
Texas, Arizona.
.50. €OXIOI>ES n. gen.
Type plamigeruriii Hulst.
Pal})i short, scarcely hairy ; clypeus broad, flattened, somewhat
long haired ; antenme of % very lengthily and plumosely l)ipectinate
to apex ; tongue obsolete ; thorax and abdomen slender, the thorax
woolly hairy below, rather long loose hairy above, the abdomen not
tufted ; legs slender, femora glaucous, hind tibite with two })airs of
spurs, without hair i)encil ; f )re wings 12 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 6
short stemmed with 7, without fovea at base; hind wings 3 and 4
separate, 5 undeveloped, (5 and 7 separate, 8 separate, ai>|)roxin)ating
cell to beyond niiildle.
The antennae of the % in this genus are more lengthily plumose
than in any other American Geoineter ; vein 5 of the fore wings is
also weak, amounting to scarcely more than a fold.
Species. — P. plumigeraria Hulst.
TEANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (45) .SEPTEMBER. 1H96.
354 GEORGE D. HULST.
51. AETHALODES n. gen.
Type, packardaria Hulst.
Palpi ratlier sliort, slender, smooth ; tongue obsolete ; front smooth ;
jintenuie of % hipectinate to apex, pectinations long, plumose; tho-
rax and abdomen smooth ; hind tibitie not swollen, without hair pen-
cil, with two pairs of spurs in both sexes; fore wings broad, even,
without fovea at base in %> , 12 veins, 10 on 11, 11 from cell ; hind
wings broad, outer margin sinuate with dull angle at end of veins,
all veins separate, 5 undevek)ped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — A. packardaria Hulst.
52. CHESIADODE5>i n. geu.
Type morosata Hulst.
Palpi very small, slender ; tongue obsolete ; front very protruding,
rounded, close scaled ; autennte bipectiuate in S a})ex simple ; thorax
and abdomen smooth ; hind tibiie slender, without hair pencil, with
two })airs of spurs in both sexes; fore wings even, rounded at both
angles, without fovea at base in 1,11 veins, 10 wanting, 11 from
cell ; hind wings long, even, all veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8
separate from cell.
Close to Aeth i/o'leff Hulst, differing in the strongly bulging clypeus
and simple apex of antenme.
Species. — C. monmita Hulst, n. sp.
C iiioro.sala n. sp. — Expands 42 mm. Palpi and front blackish ; thorax
blackish gray. Abdomen blackish gray, becoming black posterioi'ly on each seg-
ment; fore wings blackish gray, with three slightly rounded blackish lines sub-
parallel with outer margin, and with nearly the same distance between the basal
and middle as between the middle and outer; the outer line a little emphasized
on the veins; an even, submarginal whitish line beginning at a triangular apical
whitish spot, and running slightly outwardly from margin ; hind wings light
grayish fuscous, darker along inner margin and outwardly with faint outer line ;
discal spots present, indistinct; beneath fore wings light gray, hind wings fuscous
gray.
Sierra Nevada, (/al., from Henry Edwards.
5:i. NELII>ONE.HA Hub.
Verz. 299, 1818.
Tyi)e ericefarid Vills.
Ailncti/lotis Iliih., Verz. :{n:5, 1818, type genticnlabi Hub.
Palpi moderate or quite long, porrect, rough scaled ; tongue de-
veloped ; front scaled, s(tmetiuies somewhat tufted ; antenu:e of S
bipectinate, apex simple, the pectinations lilitoi-in, long, generally
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 355
suddenly shortening to sini})le iipex, tlie antennie generally plumose,
of 9 filiform or serrate ; thorax scaled, sometimes tufted posteriorly,
somewhat hairy below ; abdomen scaled ; hind til)i{B often swollen,
with all spurs, without hair pencil in 1 ; fore wings 12 or 11 veins,
varying in the same sjtecies. even, with fovea below in % ; hind
wings 5 undevelopetl, G and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell, the
wings rounded, even, or slightly wavy.
Species : —
S. muriGolor Hulst, n. sp. S. jutlmoiKiriinn Grt.
S. correllatani Hulst, n. sp. S. hainariiim Guen.
S. ivrijjhtiarlani Hulst. *S'. umbrosarium Guen.
S. fuliginariuDi Hulst. S. albescens Hulst, n. sp.
S. llliiriC4»lor n. sp. -Expands 34 3(i niin.^Palpi, front and antenna; dark
sordid fuscous; summit, thorax and abdomen lijilit gray; all wings very smooth,
even fuscous, or fuscous gray, without lines or spots; fore wings with costa and
apical space, hind wings -with outer sjjace and inner margin slightly darker;
margins with fine, intervenular, bla(^k dots; hind wings somewhat rounded out
at vein 4 ; beneath almost exai^tly as above.
Hazleton, Pa., from Dr. Dietz. Very nuirli in color like DIks-
tictls incepfata Walk, (argillacearia Pack-.), differing by the less
rounded fore wings, the obtusely angled hind wings and the plumo-se
autennpe.
S. correllat iini n. sp. — Expands 28 30 mm. Palpi and front fuscous to dark
fuscous; thorax fuscous gray to whitish fuscous. Abdomen whitish or grayish
fuscous; fore wings white, or light bluish gray, somewhat scattered over with
darker scales; basal line black, geminate, often indistinct, especially on cell;
middle line indistinct, or a faint fuscous shading: outer line black, curved, gemi-
nate, more widely separate subcostally, with a reddish included shading on third
quarter from costa. Wings slightly falcate: marginal line broken, black, heavier
subapically ; hind wings whitish or light gray, more fuscous along inner margin ;
all wings with distinct black discal spots; beneath light gray, heavily powdered
with fuscous, discal spots distinct, diffuse, black.
Colorado, California, Oregon ; the Oregon specimen taken August
24th.
S. albo«*<*Oil!>i n. sp. — Expands 42 mm. Palpi blackish ; front blackish, with
a line of white along summit: rough, somewhat overhanging scales lietwcen an-
tenni©, whitish on edge, blackish in middle; collar light gray, blackish behind;
thorax whitish gray, with low posterior tufts. Abdomen whitish gray, with
black speckles above, fuscous stained towards end. Wings even, clear whitish
gray, with a few black scales ; fore wings with black basal line, bent, rounded
out most strongly on costal half; middle line at discal point, black and distinct
at costa, showing in black spots across wing parallel with basal line; outer line
black, running very much as in larvaria ; a row of marginal black spots; hind
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER. 1896
I
356 GEORGE D. HULST.
wings basal line lost; middle line showing only in a black spot on inner margin i
outer line black, a little dentate outwardly on veins, slightly angled at (5: margin
wavy; a black marginal line; discal spot oval, annulate, black, quite distinct;
beneath even light fuscous on all wings.
Seattle, Wash., from Mr. Bolter. The insect has much the ap-
pearance of Edropls grisearla Grt.
54. MERICISCAn.gen.
Type gracea Hulst.
Palpi short, porrect ; front smooth; antenn.'e of S bi])ectinate,
apex simple, pectinations claviform ; antennae of 9 filiform ; thorax
scaled, somewhat tufted posteriorly ; abdomen smooth ; hind tibi?e
swollen, without hair pencil, with all spurs ; wings broad, rounded
slightly wavy margined outwardly ; fore wings without fovea below
in S , 12 veins, 10 and 11 from cell; hind wings 5 not developed, 8
separate from cell.
Species. — M. gracea Hulst, n. sp.
M. gracea n. sp. — Expands 38-42 mm. Palpi short, light gray, with blackish
interuiixed. black at tips: front black on central perpendicular line, dark fuscous
laterally, crown dark gray; thorax blackish dorsally at center, dark gray on pa-
tagise and around upper edges. Abdomen, first segment black in front, white
behind, the rest dark fuscous, becoming blackish dorsally, more so on second and
third segments; fore wings light gray, striated with black; basal line fine, black,
angulated outwardly at cell and vein 1 ; outer line heavier, distinct, black, three-
fifths out on costa straight to vein 5, then turning at a right angle inwardly nearly
to cell, then at a little more than a right angle to between 2 and 3, then rounding
to inner margin, reaching it a little within the middle ; a blackish cloud or band
across middle field, darkest within, forming towards and at inner mai'gin a broad
band with the outer cross-line ; a black spot near costa within apex, and a broad,
central, submarginal cloud reaching to outer line; on the basal field, central, is a
cloud of reddish brown, and a broad band of the same color across the wliole
wing exterior to outer line ; a row of marginal black spots; hind wings in general
like the fore wings, lacking the basal line and reddish shade, but with outer line
beyond middle distinct, rounding outwardly from anterior margin to vein 2, then
turning to near middle of inner nuirgin , a broad blackish centi-al band less
marked anteriorly, and an outer reddish brown band beyond cross-line, this also
obsolete at anterior margin ; marginal line black, distinct ; outer edge of both
wings somewhat scalloped, the hind ones more decidedly; beneath fuscous,
smooth, the black i)arts above reflecting through.
Colorado, from Mr. Bruce.
r^-i. CL.EORA Curt.
Brit. Knt. ii. i)l. 88, 182.").
Type cinctiiria Schif.
Boonnia Treits. Schm. Eur. vi, 1, 187, 1827, type cindnrin Schiff.
l*alpi moderate or quite long, porrect or subascending, rough
.<c;il('(l ; tongue develoi)e(l ; front scaled, sometimes tufted ; antennte
AMEKICAN LKl'lDOPTKRA. 357
of % bipectinate, apex simple, tlie j)ectinations filiform, lonii:, sud-
denly shortening to simple apex, the anteniue generally plumose, of
9 filiform or serrate; thorax scaled, sometimes tufted posteriorly,
somewhat hairy beneath ; abdomen scaled ; hind tibiie swollen, with
all spurs, with hair pencil in S ; fore wings even, 12 or 11 veins,
varying in the same species, with fovea below in % ; hind wings 5
undeveloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell, the wings
rounded, even, or slightly wavy.
Species : —
C. furfarata Hulst. C. indicataria Walk.
C. dataria Grt. C pampinaria Guen.
C. opacaria Hulst. C. formomta Hulst, n. sj).
C. lixaria Grt. C. vellivolata Hulst.
C. cribraria Guen. C. larvaria Guen.
<\ f'orino^iiKta n. sp. — ExikhhIs 155 imn. Close to C. hidicatdria Walk, ipolij-
grammaria Pack.) ; the color is li}rht gray, overlaid with fuscous lines, black, dis-
tinct; the outer is evenly and rejrularly bent twice, followed by a distinct brown
band ; the subniarginal line is distinct white, the marginal line black, edged at
base of fringe with white, hind wings with three dark shade lines, wavy, parallel
with each other and the outer margin, all extra-discal ; beneath light fuscous,
evenly peppered with dark fuscous scales, lighter on the veins on fore Avings.
Colorado, Mr. Bruce. A more than ordinarily showy insect of
its class, the colors more vivid, and especially distinct by the brown
cross band.
5G. l»IEL,Al«OI.OPHIA n. gen.
Type canadarid Guen. {Tephrasin).
Palpi short, stout, porrect, heavily scaled ; tongue developed ;
front loose scaled, somewhat tufted below ; anteniue l)ipectinate in % ,
apex simi)le, pectinations moderate ; summit with slight scale tuft;
thorax lov)sely scaled above, woolly haired below ; abdomen coarsely
scaled and haired witl) lateral tuft of luiirs on third segment; legs
smooth, liind tibia- in % swollen, with a dense iH'ncil of Hue hairs;
two pairs of spurs in both .sexes; fore wings even, without fovea at
base in S , 12 or 11 veins, 10 and 11 stemmed from cell ; hind wings
all veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Dr. Packard figures cauadaria with 11 veins in fore wings; this
may happen, though I have seen no example. In that case 11 is
wanting, having become coinci<lent with 10.
Species. — M. cauadaria Gn.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER. 189H.
358 georgp: d. hulst.
57. AETHAL,OPTERA ii. gen.
Ty))e iiitextnfa Walk.
Palpi moderate, porreet, rather slender ; tongue developed ; front
smooth ; antenna of % filiform, with two pairs of fascicles of hairs
on each segment; thorax and abdomen smooth, the latter tufted at
end ; hind tibiae of S with hair pencil, swollen and with all spurs
in both sexes; fore wings with fovea below at base in both sexes, 11
veins in all specimens examined, 11 wanting 10 from cell; hind
wings 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell ; all
wings broad, even, rounded.
Differs from EctropLi, especially in the hair pencil of the hind
tibiae of the S .
Species. — C. iidextata Walk, (anticaria Walk.)
58. GLENA n. gen.
Type cugnataria Hiib.
Palpi moderate, porreet, rough scaled ; tongue developed ; front
smooth ; antennae of % bipectinate, apex simple, of 9 sharply ser-
rate ; thorax smooth above, slightly hairy below ; abdomen smooth ;
hind tibiae of S swollen, with hair pencil ; fore wings with fovea
below in both sexes, that of % being large and prominent, 11 veins
in all specimens examined, 11 obsolete, 10 from cell, hind wings 5
undeveloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell.
To be recognized more especially by the fovea of the fore wings
of the 9 ) ill which it agrees with Aethalopiera, l)ut differs in the
bipectinate antennae of the % .
S])ecies. — G. cognataria Hiib.
G. minimaria Guen. (texanaria Huld).
59. ECTROPIS Hub.
Verz. 316. 1818.
Type crepusculur'm Bork.
Tephrosia Bois., Index Metli. 198, 1840. type crepnscularia Bork.
Palpi moderate, rather light, porreet; tongue developed ; front
quadrate, scaled ; antenna of % ffliform, with two pairs of fascicles
of hairs on each segment; hind tibite somewhat swollen, without
hair pencil, with all spurs; thorax and abdomen scaled; fore wings
with fovea below in "S , 12 or 11 veins; hind wings 5 undeveloped,
() and 7 .separate, 8 separate from cell ; all wings even, rounded,
broad.
Species. — E. crepnscularia Schif.
E. griaearia Grt.
AMUKICAN LKiniKU'TEKA. 359
00. EPI.nECIK Iliib.
Verz. 315, 1818.
Type hortaria Fab.
Bronrhelia (Jucn., IMial. i, 287, IH.")?, type hortaria Fah.
l'al[)i nitlicr sliort, stout, rough .scaled; tongue strong; front
scaled, slightly tufted ; anteniue of % bi|)ectinate, apex simple,
bristled, and slightly fascicled, of 9 filiform with two long bristles
at summit of each segment; thorax scaled, uutufted, hairy below;
abdomen scaled ; hind tibiie slightly swollen, without hair j)encil in
S , with all spurs; fore wings with fovea below in %, , 12 veins, 10
and 11 from cell, separate from each other and 12; hind wings 5
undeveloped, (! and 7 separate, 8 .separate from cell and running
parallel with it nnich more shortly than usual, not more than one-
third its length ; all wings broad, rounded, the hind wingo deeply
.scallo})ed.
Very close to Selidosemd, and scarcely to be separated from it.
Species. — E. Jiortarla Fab. is probably Geometra virginiaria Ci'am.
61. LiYCIA Hiib.
Verz. 319. 1818.
Type hirtarins Clerck.
Ainphidads Treit. Sch. Eur. vi. 1. 229, 1827, type hetularius L.
Palpi moderate or short, long rough scaled ; tongue obsolete, or
very short ; front densely haired, or long scaled; antenn;e of ?. bi-
pectiuate, apex simple; thorax densely haired above and below, with
slight antei'ior and posterior tufts ; abdomen densely hairy, without
tuftings ; femora, tibise, sometimes tarsi, long haired ; hind tibiae with
upper spurs generally obsolete, rarely very small ; fore wings without
fovea at base in % ; hind wings 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Dirters from Bistoii Leach, of which stratiarius Hufn. is type, and
of which Eubyja Hiib. is a synonym in the sim])le apex of antennae
of I .
Species. — L. ursaria Pack.
L. virginaria Grt.
L. cognataria Guen.
62. PII.KOUR.4 n. gen.
Ty{>e mexicanaria Grt.
Palpi moderate, slender, long haired ; tongue obsolete ; front
densely long haired ; antennie of %> bipectinate to apex, of 9 \\ itb
short pectinations, apex simple; thorax densely long scaled above,
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIU. SEPTEMBER. 1896.
360 GEORGE D. HULST.
densely hairy below ; abdomen rough scaled, with a tuft or pencil
of hairs dorsally on each segment ; legs somewhat long haired, hind
tibiae of % not swollen, without hair pencil, with one i)air of spurs
in both sexes ; fore wings without fovea below at base in % , gener-
ally 11 veins; hind wings 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Differs from other allied genera especially in the bipectinate an-
tennae of V ,
Species. — P. mexicanaria Grt.
P. cristifera Hulst, n. sp.
P. cristifera u. sp. — Exi)ands 44 mm. Palpi dark fuscous, black at end ;
front smoky black ; summit dark fuscous ; thorax dark fuscous gray, blackish
posteriorly. Abdomen dark fuscous, first two segments lined posteriorly with
black, posterior segments with black much intermixed. Wings dark fuscous,
these with thorax and abdomen washed with a soft violet-brown tint ; lines after
the cognataria pattern, on fore wings both heavy, distinct, black ; liasal beginning
one-third out, evenly curving around to inner margin and reaching nearly to
base; outer with broad, obtuse, prominent angle at vein 4, thus lower than in
cognataria, which is at vein 5; hind wings outer line at middle, black, strong,
distinct, even, very slightly wavy, without angle; inner line close by, subparallel,
somewhat closer posteriorly, fainter; discal spot of fore wings au oval cloud, not
distinct; beneath as above, with much less emphasis, the violet tint, however,
stronger in certain shades. Legs blackish and fuscous.
Colorado, from Mr. Bruce.
63. 9f ACOPHORA n. gen.
Type quernaria A. and S.
Palpi short, porrect, with long hairs ; clypeus flattened, densely
long haired ; tongue absent, or very short ; antennae strongly bipec-
tinate in % , apex simple ; thorax and abdomen stout, heavy, thorax
long woolly haired below, heavy haired above ; abdomen slightly
tufted dorsally on each segment ; legs, with femora, woolly ; hind
tibiae with one pair of spurs ; fore wings 12 veined, 3 and 4 separate,
6 stemmed with 7, with fovea at base; hind wings 3 and 4 separate,
5 obsolete, 6 and 7 se})arate, 8 separate, a])proximating cell for one-
half its length.
Species: —
JV. minhna Hulst, n. sp. N. quernaria Ab. Sm.
j\^. earlotta Hulst, n. sp. N. cupidaria Grt.
N. phujaliaria Guen.
Rf. iniiliina \\. sp. — Expands 32-33 mm. Palpi, front and thorax with black
and light gray scales intermixed, giving a dark gray color; thorax with two pos-
terior subdorsal tufts of long scales, these black at the end. Abdomen grayish
AMKiaCAN LKl'lJJOl'TEKA. 801
fiiscims, tlie segments interlined with lifjhter fuscous, the segnientiil tlorsai tufts
distinct, jn-oniinent, hhu-k on end ; fore wings light gray, finely spattered over
witli t)hick, giving a uniform, granulated, blackish gray color, the veins a little
darkened ; a basal, black, distinct cross-line, straight, except with a dean cut
angle outwards from submcdian to hi : an outer corresponding line, running from
costa towards middle of outer margin till it reaches vein ."), then returning to
cell at posterior angle, then with some vvaviness to inner margin; a marginal
black line; discal spots indistinct, large; hind wings light gray at base, growing
to blackish gray outwardly, with marginal black line and faint discal si>ots ; be-
neath gray, the outer cross-line distinctly showing on all wings, even and rounded,
Colorado, from Mr. liriuv. I have t't'inales only, but they are in
good condition.
N. carlottii u. sj). — Expands 42 mm. Thorax below. ]>alpi, head and an-
tennte dull fuscous; the palpi black at end and front, blackish at middle; collar
same color; thorax above dull fuscous, with a grayish tint. Abdomen fuscous
gray, the segments with a shade of ocher bntw'n anteriorly, each segment with a
black spot on either side of dorsal line posteriorly, except on second segment,
where the black reaches across the segment ; fore wings fuscous, with blackish
scales intermixed on basal field, light gray on middle tield, blackish fuscous in a
broad band beyond outer line, and gray submarginally ; ba.sal line black, indis-
tinct nearcosta, beginning one-third out. rounded, some sinuate, rounding from
.subdiscal nearly to base on inner margin ; dutii- line distinct, ))arallel with outer
margin to 4, rounding inwardly to cell, then continuing its curve striking inner
margin two-thirds out ; a central broad stripe covering discal spot, straight from
<^osta till it nearly meets the outer line, then suhparallel and partly coalescing with
it; hind wings light gray, a middle hand faintly indicated, becoming evident at
middle of inner margin; a distinct outer black line, sinuate across wing; discal
spot black, distinct: outer field somewhat darker; beneath fuscou.s, the lines
dearly evident, discal sjiot (juite distinct.
Charlotte Harbor, Florida, from Mrs, Slossoii.
64. AI»0<'IIKI.M.\ Hiib.
Verz. 319, 1818.
Type hiKpidariii Fab.
///i((.s/(( Hub., Verz. 319. 1818, type zotianu Schifi'.
Xi/ssiii Dup.. Hist. Nat. vii. 283, 1829, type zonarin SchiflT.
Palpi sliort, porrect, loni^ haired; tonjiiu' obsoh'te ; front denselv
long- haired; anteniue of % bipeetinate, apex simple, of 9 tiiifoi-m ;
thorax den.sely lono- haired above and below, somewhat tufted ; ab-
domen di'usely loiii;- hairy; legs long, haired on femora and tibiic;
iiind tibiie of h not swollen, without hair peneil, in both sexes with
one pair of spurs; fore wings without fovea below, 12 or 11 veins;
hind wings o un(U'velo})ed, (i and 7 separate or stemmed, 8 separate
from eell ; head retracted, small ; female with wings rudimentarv,
or very little developed.
Species. — A. nichelw Hidst, n. sp.
TRANS. A.M. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (46) SKPTKMBKR. 1H96
362 GEORGE D. HUL8T.
A. racUelte n. sp. — Expands 33 mm. Palpi and thorax clothed with long
woolly hairs, black at base, light gray towards end, giving these parts a gray ap-
pearance ; this gray color is stronger on the patagife posteriorly, at the extremity
of the abdomen, and on its sides ; summit of heail rust-brown, as is the thorax
posteriorly at dorsum ; also a rust-brown tuft dorsally on the first iive segments
of the alidomen ; anteniiiB black. Wings semi-diaphanous, smoky gray, loosely
and scantily covered with smoky gray scales and hairs; costa narrowly rust-
brown half way out from base ; veins lined with black, an extra black line sliow-
ing on the fold of la ,• a somewhat faint, yet distinct basal cross line, and another
beyond cell parallel with outer margin ; the outer margin of the cell is darker,
thus with the cross-line inclosing a triangular costal space ; hind wings with a
corresponding cross-line at middle; beneath much as above, but fainter.
This insect is very much in appearance like A. kvpponaria Bois.
of Europe. Mr. Bruce tells me that in England he used to take
A. zonaria along salt marshes. A. rachelce he found in grass about
some salt springs in Colorado. It is a beautiful insect, the first of
its group discovered in America, and I take pleasure in naming it
after the wife of its discoverer.
65. RHAPHIDODEJVIAS n. gen.
Type titea Cram.
Pal})i short, loosely scaled, not heavy ; tongue developed, but not
strong; front loosely haired; antennaj of % bipectinate almost to
apex, of 9 filiform ; thorax heavy scaled, tufted anteriorly and
posteriorly, hairy below ; abdomen hairy scaled, the segments above
armed with many chitiuous spines; hind tibiae of S swollen, without
hair pencil, with all spurs ; fore wings without fovea below in % ,
11 veins; hind wings 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate
from cell, 9 wingless.
Peculiar in the spinous armature of the abdomen, nuich surpassing
in this respect PaleacrUa Riley and Cliondrosoma Anker. Phigafia,
a European genus, tyi)e pedarla Fab., shows the same tendency, but
it is not so marked. Fhigalia is also much more hairy m vestiture.
Species. — R. nevadaria Hulst, n. sp.
R. olivaeearla Morr.
B. titea Cram.
K. iiovsKlarisi n. sp. — Expands 34-36 mm. Very near R. titea and R.
olivacearid : about the size and wing shape of the latter, with the more distinct
cross-lines of the .'"ormer. The fore wings have more of blackish than R. titea,
this being more emphasized in the outer shading of the outer line ; all the veins
outwardly are lined with black, especially strong beyond outer line; the middle
and outer lines merge together at inner margin ; the spinulations of tlie abdomen
are not as strong as in the other species.
Nevada, Colorado.
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 3()8
6ti. KKA^NIK HiH).
Verz. 320, 1818.
Type defoliaria Clerck.
Ili/bernia Latr.. Fani. Nat. 477, 182.5, type defoliaria Clerck.
Palpi very short, almost rudimentary ; tongue very .*hort, aluio.st
obsolete; front scaled, broad; antenme of" S with long fascicle of
hairs from four .slight protuberances on each segment ; thorax hair
scaled, somewhat tufted anteriorly, hairy below; abdomen scaled;
hind tibiie not swollen, without hair {)enci!, in both sexes with two
pairs of spurs; fore wings without fovea below in S , 12 veins; hind
wings 5 obsolete, 0 and 7 widely .'^e})arate, 8 sej)arate from cell ;
wings broad, rounded, even ; 9 with wings obsolete.
Under Alxoph'da I have sj)oken of the application of the generic
term Krantils. It cannot be a])plied to the s])ecies ordinarily grouped
under Aiiisopteryx Steph. as they belong to Hiibner's genus Also-
jj/ii/tt. The only proper application is to regard defoliaria as the
type of ErannU, as this was beyond (piestion the idea of Hiibner.
The species ordinarily grouped together in that genus I do not l)e-
lieve to be properly congeneric. Apart from other things there are
great differences in the antennie of the males, the majority having
the antennte bipectinate and so decidedly different from the antennae
of E. defolidfia. Hybenda Latr. if not regarded as a synonym of
Erannis, must stand for the species with bipectinate antennae in the
% . But that group had already been called Agrilopl.-< by Hubncr.
Our species are all of the defoliaria group.
Species. — E. defoliaria var. vancoiiverensis Hulst.
E. filiaria Ilarr.
E. coloradida Hulst, n. sp.
E. defoliaria var. vancouveren-sis n. var. I give this varietal name
to a form which seems to be common at Victoria, Vancouver Island,
Canada. It is very uniform, and is much more shar|)lv marked
than the typical defoliariti, and the shadings of the % , and the
general color of the 9 , ai-e much darker. The typical foi-m of de-
foliaria is not found as yet in ourfauiuil limits so far as I am aware.
K. coloradata n. sp. — ExikuuIs 4() nun. P;il|ii fuscous l)rovvn, black at
end ; front fuscou-s brown ; thorax and abdomen smoky ocher, the segments of
abdomen darker anteriorly and dorsally ; fore wings fuscous ocher, overlaid with
dull brown ; basal field dark, limited by a black line, which begins at costa one-
quarter out, runs sharply outward, making sharji dentations at subcostal and base
of vein 5, then forms a sinus inwardly with another sharp dentation near vein la ;
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SKPThMBKR, 1896.
364 GEOFiGE I>. HULST.
the middle field is much litjhter, being a sort of ocher brown ; the outer line is
black, distinct, beginning at costa two-thirds out, forming a dull angle on fold
between 5 and 6. turning backward at vein 3 just outside the cell, then running
parallel with outer margin to la, then forming a sinus outwardly to inner margin ;
outer field darker than middle field, lighter than basal, with a darker shading
along costa near a])ex ; discal spot distinct, black; hind wings translucent, light
ocher. slightly striated with brown ; beneath upper surface indistinctly reflected,
paler, basal line obsolete, outer line quite distinct, outer field darkest.
Colorado, from Dr. Barnes.
Considerably like E. tUlarla in general appearance.
67. CIIVGILilA Walk.
Trans. Ent. Soc;. Lond. third series, vol. i, 76, 1862.
Type catenaria Oram.
Caferva (rrt.. Can. Ent. viii. 20.1, 1876, type catenaria Cram.
VeatUjifera Gump., Nov. Act. Halle, 49. 326. 369, 1887, type catenaria Cram.
Palpi moderate, slender, lightly scaled, porrect ; tongue developed ;
front broad, round, clothed with hair; antenme bipectinate to apex
in % , dentate in 9 pectinations, in S filiform ; thorax hairy above,
woolly below; abdomen smooth, scaly; legs slender, hind tibise not
swollen, without hair })encil, with two pairs of spurs in both sexes ;
fore wings even, rounded, without fovea at base in S , 12 veins, B
stemmed with 7, 10 and II from cell anastomosing with each other,
and with 9 and 12 ; vestiture rather thin, hairy scaled.
Species. — C. catenaria Cram.
68. EUCATKKV.4 Grt.
Pap. ii. 80, 1882.
Type vararia (irt.
Palpi of % extraordinarily long, deltoid like, somewhat drooping
second member much the largest, lightly clothed ; of 9 moderate,
somewhat droo])ing ; tongue obsolete ; front broad, closely scaled ;
thorax and abdomen smooth ; hind tibiae not swollen, without hair
pencil, WMth two pairs of spurs in both sexes, all spurs short and
light ; antennte of % bipectinate to apex, of $ filiform ; fore wings
even, rounded, without fovea in % , 12 veins, (> separate, 10 and 11
from cell anastomosing with each other and with 9 and 12; hind
wings cell long, 6 and 7 close or short stemmed, a fovea at base of
H below in 9,5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — E. luu-aria (Irt.
6!». FIIII/I'K.KA n. gen.
Tyjjc elvgantarla Ily. Edw.
Palpi verv small, light, almost obsolete; tongue obsolete in % ,
verv short in 9 ; front flattened, hairy ; antennae bipectinate to
AMKKR'AN LKi'i i)( »rri:K.v. 365
apex in 9 » pectinations long, hipectinated in 9 , apex simple, pectina-
tionr< rather short ; tiiorax an<l ahdonien smooth ; hind tibiae not
swollen, without hair pencil, with two pairs of spurs in both sexes;
fore wings even, without fovea at base in S , fi separate, 10 and 1 1
from cell anastomosinu' with each other, with 9 and with 12; hind
wings rounded, even, 6 and 7 stemmed, o undeveloped, 8 separate
from cell.
Species. — /■*. r/f'</(uif<(rl<i II. Edw.
70. A€A\TIIOI*ll<>lt.\ n. ^vn.
Type (jntejii HiiLst.
Palpi rather short, slender, lightly scaled ; tongue developed ;
front broad, scaled ; antennreof 9 bipectinate, apex sim])le ; thorax
and abdomen scaled, untufted; fore tibia* short, broad and Hat at
end, with a claw on each side, the one on the inner side being the
stronger; hind tibia^ of ?> not swollen, without hair j)encil, with all
spurs; fore wings without fovea below in S , 1 1 veins, 10 absent,
1 1 from cell : hind wings 5 undeveloped, G and 7 separate, H separate
from cell.
Species. — A. graefil Ilulst, n. sp.
A. $;r:iefii n. sp. — Kxpands 32 mm. Palpi white, scales black at end ; front
white, with a black outward rinjj ; antennae fuscous: thorax white. Abdomen
with some scattered black scales; fore wings white, some blackish along costa and
a few small scattered black stria?, a little more close beyond disc, «bout 3.") to 40
altogetlier; a marginal line of intervenular black points; hind wings white, with
•scarcely any black scales; marginal Hue of black points; beneath much as above,
hut with hind wings considerably black si)()tted.
Texas, from Mr. Graef.
Tl.TltAt'llKOPS n. gen.
Type boUeri Hulst.
Palpi very short, drooping ; tongue developed; cly|)eus subcpiad-
rate, rather broader than long, swollen, the whole surface pitted and
roughened ; antennie of % bipectinate, .segments short, pectinations
short and thick, half as broad as length of segments, apex and base
simple; thorax rough scaled, hairy below ; abdomen smooth ; hind
tibiiB with all spurs; fore wings with fovea below, close to base and
small, 12 veins, H widely .-icparate from 7, 10 and 11 short stemmed
with each other, 10 anastomosing with 0 and 11 with 12; hind wings
•') and 4 separate, o undeveloped, (! and 7 .se{)arate, 8 sepai'ate from
cell.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER, 1896
366 GEORGE D. HULST.
Dir^tiiii^uished more especially by the roughened pitted clypeus and
the .somewhat peculiar % autennaj.
Species. — T. bolteri Hulst, n. sp.
T. bolteri n. sp. — Expauds 32 mm. Palpi fuscous ; front fuscous clay color;
thorax fuscous clay anteriorly, becoming light fuscous gray posteriorly, with a
lunule of black at middle of each patagia, and a black dorsal spot posteriorly on
thorax. Abdomen dull whitish, with black spots dorsally on each segment; fore
wing whitish, with an olive tint basally, somewhat mixed with fuscous scales and
with mucli of black in lines and shadings, these giving the wing an irregularly
whitish and black appearance ; first there is a black costal spot at extreme base,
then a blackish clouding darkest at costa on basal field ; basal line black, curved
and angled, the largest angle being on subraedian space inwardly ; a somewhat
indefinite middle intra-discal black line, zigzag, with two angles on each side,
followed outwardly with blackish cloudings: discal spot black, distinct; outer
line bent, rounded, black, with long teeth running on outer side out on veins;
submarginal blackish cloudings and a row of black intervenular spots: hind
wings white, with black discal spots and loose blackisii cloudings outwardly, these
being parts of somewhat indeterminate cross-lines; beneath almost as above, but
with ground color more fuscous and less clear; antennai of % black. Legs light
fuscous, spotted with black on coxte and femora, becoming solid black anteriorly
on tibia and tarsi. The single % specimen gives the impression that in newly-
emerged specimens the fore wings have a decided olive or greenish shading.
Las Vegas, New JNIex., from ]Mr. Bolter, to whom I dedicate the
species.
72. DYSCIA Hiib.
Verz. 314, 1818.
Type conspersaria Fab.
Psednothrix Hiib.. Verz. 319, 1818. type belgaria Hiib.
MtEsia Steph., Ills. 3, 150. 1829, type belgaria Hiib.
Scodiona Bois.. Index Meth. 185, 1840. type conspersaria Fab.
Napnca Walk., C. B. M. Geom. 1693, 1862, type orciferata Walk.
Palpi moderate or short, slender, subascending or porrect ; tongue
very short or wanting; front hairy, broad, not tufted; an tenure of
% bipectinate to apex ; thorax hairy, scaled above, hairy below,
without tufts ; abdomen scaled, somewhat tufted at end ; hind tibiae
slightly or not at all swollen, with all spui's, without hair pencil in
% ; fore wings without fovea at base below, 12 veins, 10 and 11 from
cell ; hind wings 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate from
cell ; all wings even, rounded, the fore wings with a tendency to
hairiness of vestiture.
Mr. Meyrick joins this genus with Crocota Hiib., whose tyj)e is
lutearia Fab., but it is definitely separate by the undeveloped tongue.
There is some difference in the length of the [)alpi, but it is neither
marked nor definite; Guenee puts cjilvar'm Fab. and its allies under
AMERICAN LEPIDOl'TERA, 367
A>fpil(iiei< Treits., and so witli his (leteniiination A.yri/dfes would be
a synonym of this jxcnus. But Treitschivo did not have that i<lea of
his genus. He had under it discordant material, l)iit none of the
earlier named species ap})ly here. The first is purpnrarid Linn., and
this may he taken as the type of Aipilates. This is ordinarily cata-
logued as LytJivla, hut as Mr. Meyrick remarks, Lythria is a syno-
nym of Botijx Latr. afterwards applied, but without right, to a genus
of the Pyralidie.
Mr. Warren, Nov. Zool. vol. i, 437, 1894, calls attention to the
fact that mundnfaria Cr. has hi pectinate antennae in 9 , thus sei)a-
rating it from this genus, and calls it Mega-yjilates. But miindaturia
Cr. is type of Conchia Hub. Verz. 337, 1818, which, of course, has
priority.
Species'. - D. orciferata Walk.
73. I.Yl'IIXOSEA Grt.
Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci. viii, 52, 1883.
Type hehiobiria Hulst.
Palj)i long, porrect, heavily scaled ; tongue developed ; front hair
tufted ; antennae of Z bipectinate, apex simple ; thorax hairy scaled ;
abdomen slender, smooth ; legs long, slender ; hind tibiae long, not
swollen, without hair pencil, with two pairs of spurs in both sexes;
fore wings even, rounded, without fovea at base in S , 12 veins, 10
on 9, 11 from cell, 6 and 7 stemmed; hind wing^ (J and 7 stemmed,
5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — L. helviolaria Hulst.
L. iutermlcntn Walk.
74. SPII.KCKI.ODES Guen.
Phal. ii, 116, 1857.
Type vulneraria Hiib.
Broth Hiib., Verz. 303, 1818, type ridneraria Hiib.
Palpi stout, porrect or subascending, heavily clothetl ; tongue de-
veloped; front hair tufted ; antennae bipectinate in ?>, pectinations
moderate, the bases of the anteniue very close together, almost
touching ; thorax densely haired above and below ; abdomen smooth ;
hind tibitc not swollen, without hair pencil, with two pairs of spurs
in both .sexes; fore wings 12 veins, 10 on 9, 11 from cell; hind wings
all veins separate, 8 close to cell one-half its length then diverging
at a sharj) angle.
TRAN.S. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER. l»9t>.
368 GEORGE 1). IIULST.
BrotU Hub. is i)re()C('U])ie(l by Hiibner himself, he having given
the name previously to another genus of Lepidoptera. The genus
is a very peculiar one in the position of the antennse ; the single
species has a decided resemblance to the genus EadamnH of the Rho-
palocera, and is probably a day flyer.
75. STEKGAMAT^A n. gen.
Type inornata Hulst.
Palpi moderately long, recurved, reaching well towards sunnnit
of head ; tongue strong ; antennae of 9 Aliform ; front rounded ;
thorax hairy scaled, hairy below ; abdomen scaled ; hind tibise with
all spurs; wings rather broad, even, rounded; fore wings 12 veins,
10 and 1 1 stemmed from cell ; hind wings 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7
separate, 8 separate from cell.
I have the $ only. Its peculiarity, the recurved palpi, is a rare
form of structure in the family.
Species. — S. inornata Hulst, n. sp.
S. inornata n. sp. — Expands 48 mm. Palpi dark fnscous; front, thora.x
and ahduiuen whitish ocher stained with fuscous: all wings of the same color,
varying only enough to give faint suggestion of lighter cross-bauds basally and
outwardly, the limitations of these being scalloped and slightly darker; discal
spots fine, black; beneath slightly less ocher, and a broad outer fuscous band
parallel with outer margins on all wings.
Female only, Colorado, from Mr. Bruce.
7(). MELrEMJEA n. gen.
Type nuKjdalena Hulst.
Palpi moderate, subascending, rather slender, lightly scaled ;
tongue developed ; front rounded, conical, short .■scaled; antennae of
% bipectinate, apex simple; thorax and abdomen smooth; hind
tibiie of % not swollen, without hair pencil, with all spurs; fore
wings without fovea below, 12 veins, 10 from a point with 6 and 9
at end of cell, 1 1 from cell ; hind wings rounded, 5 undeveloped, 6
and 7 stemmed, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — M. tnagdalena Hulst, n. sp.
3/. inorsicaria Hulst.
^^I. magdalcua n. sp. — Expands 35 mm. Palj)] ocher yellow, reddish on
outside; front reddish yellow; antennse yellow fuscous, end of pectinations mucii
darker; thorax yellowish, as is also the abdomen, but the latter has a reddish
tinge dorsally ; fore wings reddish orange, lighter along costa, becoming straw-
yellow towards apex ; from costa just within apex this yellow reaches in a
rounded loop, broader at middle, to base at inner margin ; beyond this following
AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 3G9
the sjime course the red is mixed with yellow, followed again with a strip of
yellow reaching from near apex to vein 3; within the first yellow hand, and
without the second one, are single lines, deep red, with dark scales intermixed,
following the same general course, the inner stniighter, the outer with deeper
loop, the outer beginning at the deei> ^'*^'^ apex, and both continuing to base ; the
inner inwardly, and the outer outwardly, are shaded with violet ])inkish ; bind
wings reddish yellow, lighter towards base, more yellowish anteriorly, more red-
dish about anal angle; a deeper reddisli line starting within anterior angle,
rounding close to outer margin, then turning inwardly to middle of anal margin ;
beneath as above, but fainter, but with apex of fore wings bright orange-red.
From Mr. Bruce, Colorado.
A most beautiful insect. DiHerent in its style of ornamentation
from any other American Geometer that I know.
77. ANAGOGA Iliib.
Verz. 294, 1818.
Type pulverata L.
Asinuphoni Steph., Cat. 12(J, 1829, type pulverata L.
Numeria Dup.. Lep. Fr. viii, 107. 1829, type pulverata L.
Palpi moderately long, ascending, heavily scaled, end member
very small ; front tufted ; tongue developed ; antennie of S bipec-
tinate to apex, pectinations tiliform, of 9 deeply serrate, almost
pectinated ; thorax hairy above, woolly below ; abdomen loosely
scaled, untufted ; wings broad, sven, rounded ; fore wings without
fovea below, 12 veins, 6 separate, 10 and 1 1 from cell separate from
each other as well as from 12 and 9; hind wings 5 undevelo[)ed, 8
separate from cell ; hind tibitB not swollen, with all spurs, without
hair pencil in % .
Species. — ^1. occiduaria Walk.
78. 3f EOTKKI»K» n. gen.
Type ephelidaria Hulst.
Pali)i ascending, rather long; tongue strong; front close scaled,
sligiitly tufted ; antennae bipectinate in both sexes, in % almost to
ai)ex ; thorax hairy scaled above, slightly hairy below; abdomen
scaled, untufted; hind tibise of Z swollen, with hair j)encil, with all
spurs present; fore wings slightly angulate on outer margin, witiiout
fovea l)el()w, 12 veins, 10 and 11 from (^ell ; hind wings round, or
scarcely angled, 5 undeveloped, 0 and 7 stemmed, 8 separate from
cell.
This may be the .same as Sictjodes "Wai-r., i)ut the description,
" like Sicya GuvM., but with the 9 antenme pectinateil, though more
TRANS. AM. KST. SOC. XXIII. (47) SKPTfcMKKR. 1896
370 GEORGE D. HULST.
shortly than in the Z ," is indefinite. If Sieyodex be like Sicijn
otherwise, then Xeoterpet differs generically, as it has a liaii- pencil
on hind tibiae in % .
Species. — N. ephelldarla Hulst.
JV. snoviaria Hulst.
N. edwardsata Pack.
79. SK'YA Gnen.
Phal. i, 104. lSr>7.
Type luacularid Harr.
Pal])i moderate, ascending, rather heavy, heavily sealed below;
tongue developed ; fi'ont tufted ; anteniue bipectinate in h , apex
simple, filiform in 9 ; thorax long haired above, woolly below ; ab-
<loiiien smooth ; hind legs not swollen, without hair pencil, with two
.pairs of spurs in both sexes ; fore wings without fovea at base in % ,
angled at 4 in % , less so or not at all in 9 , 12 veins, 6 at a point
or short stemmed with 7, 10 and 1 I from cell ; hind wings G and 7
stemmed, 8 separate from cell, 5 undeveloped.
Species. — S. macularia Harr.
80. THERIIVA Hub.
Verz. 283, 1818.
Ty^m promparia Linn.
Ellopia Treits.. Sclun. Eur. vi, 89, 1827. ty\\e proxitparia Linn.
Palpi short, light, porrect, thinly scaled ; tongue developed ; front
sealed; antenn;e of % bipectinate to apex, of 9 slightly serrate ;
thorax and abdomen scaled, thorax slightly hairy below ; abdomen
somewhat tufted at end ; hind tibiie generally swollen, witiiout hair
pencil, with all spurs; wings broad, rounded, even, oi' slightly
angulate, vestiture thin, rather hairy; fore wings with cliitinous
cross-bar between submedian and vein 1'/ near base, probably the
outer relic of a fovea, which is even now suggested in both sexes,
12 veins, 10 and 1 1 from cell ; hind wings o undeveloped, 0 and 7
separate, 8 separate from cell.
Species : —
T. vifniriii (xrt. T. <ith(t><i(tri(( Walk.
T. ciii'ilhirhi Hulst. T. ii>icellari(( Guen.
T. pelliK-ilirid G. a, id W. T. frrvidaria IIul).
T. t'H'Iro/ihii'ld (i. and l\.
AMKKICAN LlCI'lDol'TKliA. 371
81. metroc;ami».\ i.iti
Consid. tn'u. 3fi6, liSlO.
Type margarifatn l^iim.
I*:ilj)i sliylit, siiltasceiidinir, not lona' ; IdiiLi'iie dcvclnjH'd ; fVoiil
closely sculed ; antcmiiL' of % l)i|i<'cliii:ite almost to a])t'x, llic ex-
treme apex siiuple, of 9 serrate; thorax hairy sealed above, some-
what woolly below; abdomen sealed, somewhat tufted at end; fore
wings without fovea below, even, or sliuhtly ang-ulate, 12 veins; hind
wings somewhat annulate. 5 undeveloped, (? and 7 separate, H sepa-
rate from cell ; hind tibiie swollen, with hair pencil in S ; larva
with 12 legs.
Species. — M. perlaUi (iuen.
82. EUG<>i\OBAI»T.l Warren.
Nov. Zool. i, 40,"), 1891.
Tyjie iiinisdtd OiU'ii.
Palpi rather short, slender, [xn-rect ; tongue developed ; front
smooth ; antenme flattened, lamellate in % ; thorax hairy scaled ;
abdomen slender, smooth ; hind tibiie of h swollen, with hair pencil ;
two pairs of s})urs in both sexes; fore wings costa strongly arched,
outer niargni even, without fovea at base in ^ , 12 veins, O separate,
10 on !', 1 1 from cell; hind wings rather long, somewhat angled at
4, all veins separate.
Species. — E. nivosatu (luen.
y3. KIPUL.A Giieii.
IMial. i, :Jt. 1857.
Type nuihometaria H.-Seh.
Palpi moderate, porrect, scaled ; tongue develoju'd ; front tufted;
antennieof %, doubly l)i[)ectiiiate, two pectimitions arising from each
side of each segment at ends, apex simple; thorax hairy above,
densely hairy woolly below.; fore wings even, scarcely bent at 4,
willuiut fovea at l)ase in S , 12 veins, 10 on S), 1 1 fi-om cell, (i shortly
stemmed with 7 ; l.ind wings cell short, 5 undeveloped, (i and 7
separate, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — R. vir</in((rl(( Hulst.
84. EXSJOMOS Trelt.
Sclini. Kiir. vi (1), ;}. lf^27.
Type aluidria Linn.
Eiitjonia lliil)., Verz. '291. 1818. type alniaria lAnn.
Palpi rather long, end member longer' than usual, long haired
below; tongue developed, l)ut not sti'ong ; front di'iisdy liaii\- tufted;
rKANS. AM. KNT. .SOC. XXIII. SIOCTKMHKK, 1«96.
372 GEORGE D. HULST.
auteniije iMpectinate in both sexes, apex simple in 9 , not in % ;
thorax densely hairy above and below ; abdomen scaled ; femora
hairy ; hind tibi?e swollen, without hair pencil in S , with one or two
pairs of spurs; fore wings without fovea below, angulate, 12 veins;
hind wings angulate and wavy, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Eugoida Hiib., was preoccupied by himself, he having previously
given the name to a genus of butterflies.
Species. — E. snhsigiiarius Hiib.
E. inagiuirius Guen.
85. XAXTHOTYPE Warren.
Nov. Zool. i. 463, 1894.
Type crocataria Fab.
Palpi moderate, porrect, bushy ; tongue developed ; front hairy,
somewhat tufted below ; antennae bipectinate in both sexes, apex
simple, in $ pectinations short, sharp ; thorax hairy above ; abdo-
men smooth ; hind tibiae swollen in both sexes, without hair pencil,
with two pairs of spurs ; fore wings rounded in % , dully angulate
in % at vein 4, without fovea at base in S , 12 veins, 6 separate, 10
on 11, 11 from cell; hind wings of S slightly sinused, of 9 deeply
sinused, from 7 to 5 edge uneven, all veins separate, 5 undeveloped,
8 separate from cell.
Species. — X. crocataria Fab.
86. PL..400DIS liiih.
Verz. 294. 1818.
Type (lolohraria Linn.
Eiirijiiicne Diip., Lep. Fr. vii, 18."), 1829. tyi)e dolobraria Linn.
Paljji moderate, subascending, rough scaled ; tongue developed ;
front smooth, or slightly tufted; antennie of £ bipectinate, ape.x:.
simple, of 9 ^nely serrate; thorax scaled, somewhat haii-y beneath ;
abdomen scaled, untufted ; fore wings without fovea l)el()w, 12 veins,
10 and 11 from cell; the wing with a broadly rounded angle at 4,
and rounded out inwardly from o to inner margin; hind wings 5
undeveloped, (! and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell ; the wings
rounded out from 3 to inner margin forming rounded angle at 4;
hind tibiie without hair pencil in % , with all spurs, the tibije scarcely
swollen.
Species : —
P. serinarla H.-Sch. P. alcoolaria Guen.
/-*. kentzinr/aria Pack. P. phlogosaria (Juen.
P. fefcidarla Il.-Sch. /*. emar(/i)i<tria Guen.
AMKRICAX LKPIDOl'TKKA. 373
•
87. HYPERITIS aiien.
Phal. 117. i, 1857.
Type amicarin H.-Sch.
I'robole H.-Sch.. Auseu. Schin. 83, IS.w, type amicaria H.-Sch.
Piilpi a.sceiiding, stout, rather long; front rounded, l)r()ad, sinootli ;
tongue developed; antenn;e l)i})ec'tinated in both sexes, apex .simple,
pectinations short in 9 ; thorax and abdomen smooth ; hind tibire
scarcely swollen, without hair pencil, with two pairs of spurs in both
sexes ; fore wings angled at 4, without fovea at base in S , 12 veins,
6 separate, 10 at a point, or shortly stemmed with 9, 11 from cell ;
hind wings with a broad angle at 4, larger in S , all veins separate,
5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species : —
H. amicaria H.-Sch. //. triaju/u life rata Pack.
H. notataria Hulst. II. molUcalaria Zell.
88. A\IA Steph.
Brit. Eiit. Hiinst. iii, :521. 1831.
Type limhata.
Microgonia H.-Sch., Auseu. Schrn. 1855, type limlxda Haw.
Nematocampa Guen., Plial. i, 120, 1857, type limhata Haw.
Palpi moderate, erect or ascending, light ; tongue developed ;
front smooth, narrow in £ , quadrate in 9 '■> antennte % lamellate,
in S filiform; thorax smooth, hairs of patagise long; abdomen
smooth ; legs rather heavy ; hind tibii?e in % much swollen, with
hair pencil, end spurs small, close together, the outer upper spur
normal, the inner lengthened, enlarged at end thus becoming club
shaped; hind tibi;e of 9 normal; fore wings 11 veins, 10 wanting,
1 1 stemmed with 9, 5 nearer 6 than 4 ; hind wings all separate, 5
undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — A. limbata Haw.
89. C:0^\ODO:VTIS Hiib.
Verz. 287, 1818.
Type bidentuta Clerck.
Epirmnthix Hiib.. 296. 1818, type obfirmaria Hiib.
Oihnwptera Stei)h., III. 162, 1829, type bidentuta V\erck.
Metarranthi!<i Warr.. Nov. Zool. i. 436, 1894, type obfirmaria Hiib.
Palpi modei-ate, or rather long, porrect or subascending, rough
scaled; tongue developed ; antennse of % bipectinate to apex, pec-
tinations clavate, antennae of 9 sharply serrate ; thorax hairy scaled,
hairy below ; abdomen scaled, untufted ; femora more or less hairy ;
TRANS. AM. F:NT. .sOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER, IH96.
374 (ip:()K(;K i>. iiulst.
hind tihite soiiiewhiit swollen or .slightly so, without luiir pencil in
% , with all spurs; fore wings 12 veins, lU and 11 from cell ; with-
out fovea below in S ; hind wings o undeveloped, (> and 7 se[)ai'ate,
8 separate from cell ; wings even, scunewhat wavv, or somewhat
angled.
Mr. ^leyrick joins CrocalUa Treit. with this. The type of Cro-
ealll.fi is eiuigaarla L., which is also the type of Easarca Hub. of
the Teatamen. Eiiiu/uarla is not congeneric with Gonodontis how-
ever, as the tongue is wanting. I have joined with this genus Epir-
miif/n's Hiib., the type of which is vbjinnaria Hub., which has
broad, rounded wings, but which is insensibly connected with the
species having waved or angiflate wings. Mr. Warren gives the
name Mdarrhauthla to obfirmdrla, " because pidverata has been re-
moved to the Orthostixinpe." Epirratdhlf was created by Hiibner
with two species under it, palvemtu and objinnaria. Boisduval, find-
ing tiiem not congeneric, created the genus Ploseria with piifvcnita
as type, thus leaving objinnaria as type oi'-Epirranthitt. This was
right, and the reference was, so far as I know, universally recognised
by systematists till ^Ii'. Meyrick, without explanation, \)ut pnlce rata
under Ejjirraidhif<. 1 do not believe Epirraid/ii-i a valid genus, but
if so or not, its type is objir nutria Hub.
Hiib. Verz. 268, 1818, gave the name Gonodoida to a genus of
Noctuidte. Under the })resent recognised law of priority, the luime
Gotiodoidifi, not being a mere distinction of gender, is not a syno-
nym, and must not, therefore, give way to Epirraidhis.
Species : —
G. hijpochraria H.-Sch. G. j'ornio.^a Hulst, n. sp.
G. warneri Haw. G. obfirmaria, Hub.
G. daaria Guen. G. didichata (luen.
G. j)ilo-'«iria Pack. G. antidiscaria Walk.
G. barne»ii Hulst, n. sp.
G. bitriie^iii n. sp. — Exiiaiuls .'58-40 mni. Paljii siiu>ky brown, end member
closely scaled, middle and basal members ligliter colored and liairy; head rather
long haired, smoky ochreous; antennse about one-half as loiig as winj;, pectina-
tions stout, but rather short, smoky yellow in color; thorax long hairy, yellow,
with a smoky tinge, abdomen of same color: fore wings slightly falcate, angled
at end of vein 4 ; the wings are divided into tliroe fields the basal reaching about
one-fourth the wing on eosta, the same distance on inner margin, rounding out-
wardly, ochreous yellow in color; the middle field has a considerably darker
tinge, and is limited outwaidly by a line curving invviirdly near the middle and
subparallel with the outer margin; this field is on botli iinier and outer edge
witiiin lined narrowly witii smoky bmwn ; outiT field c^lay oclier ; hind wings
.AMKRICAN LKl'llJOl'TKKA. 375
lif;lit oi'lier, (larkeniiis; outvviinlly. with dark wavy line near jniddlc; dispal spots
on liotli wings distinct, hlack ; beneath d:iil elay yellow, darkest at costa. otiter
line faintly showinfj, discal s))ots distinct, hlack. Legs smoky yellow, the foi'e
tihiie in front darker, and the ej)i]>hysis dark brown.
Greenwood Spring.-j, Col., from Dr. lianies. Very imicli like G.
fiiJiclarid, of* Europe.
G. rwrinOKa n. sj). — Kxpands 10 l-> niin. Palpi hlackish on si<les, wliitish
at end of hairs below; front dark gra.v, made of the blackish hairs which are
whitish at the ends, or fuscous, the color then being dark fuscous. Abdomen
ilull white to fuscous, with scattered blackish scales; fore wings even, rounded.
dark gray to fuscous basally and outwardly blackish, olive or dark fuscous on
middle field ; the middle field is edged with a white line on both sides, and in
(Mses where the middle field is faded, the extreme jiart next the white lines shows
as black lines; basal margin of middle field very oblique, beginning subcostally
beyond middle Ti^aching the inner margin close to base, after an angulation at
cell and again between 1 and cell; outer line beginning near ape.x, running
somewhat inwardly, and with two curves to inner margin ; an outer submarginal
dark shading, blackish or daik fuscous: hind wings light gray to fuscous, with
a broad dark median cross-line^ and a broad dark outer field ; beneath light fus-
cous gray with outer line black on all wings, following outer edge of middle
field above on fore wings and cross-line on hind wings.
Colorado, Dr. Barii(>s ; S. (yalifbriiia, Prof. Riley.
90. KI.ICHI..KX.\ Hiib.
Verz. 29.3, 1818.
Tyjie oMiisiiria Hiib.
Endropia (lUen.. Phal. i, 122, 18.")7, type pectinarhi Schif.
Palpi moderate or rather long, subaseending or ascending, rough
haired below; tongue strong; front scaled, untufted ; antennje of
% l)i})ectiiiate, apex simple, of 9 ^orrate ; thorax s<'alv hairy above,
hairy below ; abdomen scaled, .sometimes a little tufted at end ; hind
tibia) of % swollen, with hair pencil, with all spurs; fore wings
without fovea below, generally angulate at 4, .sometimes wavy, 12
veins, 10 and 11 from cell; hind wings generally angulate at 4,
generally waved, ruiiiiiiig sometime.-;, especially in the 9 , into scal-
lops, 5 undevelo[)ed, (i and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell.
"Sir. Meyrick uses this generic name in the sense of FJpioiw Guen.,
but I think it must be jjlaced here. Hiibner placed three species,
obtuMarld Hiib., apici(u-la Linn, and vespertaria, under it. The spe-
cies were not congeneric. Guenee, not recognising Hiibner, erected
Epione, of which apicvtrbi is type, and with which vespertaria is
congeneric, and put obtufarla under his genus Endropia. The rules
require that (xuenee's division shall be recognized, that Epione, the
first genus described, be recognized as valid, ohfii-iaria thus becoming
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPT KM HKU. 1 ."Wf)
376 GEORGE D. HULST.
type of Euchhcna. The genus differs from Epione in the presence
of the hair pencil, and in the simple apex of the % antennae.
Species : —
E. hilnmnaria Hulst. E. occantaria Hulst.
E. geniculata Hulst. E. johnsonaria Fitch.
E. argi/llaria Hiilst. E. amaenaria Guen.
E. galbinaria Hulst. E. vinulentaria G. and R.
E. manuhiaria Hulst. E. astylnsarin Walk.
E. serrata Dru. E. marginatn Minot.
E. muzaria Walk. E. pectinaria Schif.
E. obtusaria Hiih. E. sesquiliiiearia Grt.
E. effedaria Walk. E. falcata Pack.
91. SEL.Ei\IA Hiib.
Yerz. 292, 1818 {Eutrapela Tentameu).
Type bilmiariu Esp.
Palpi porrect or subascending, quite long, hairy or rough scaled ;
tongue developed ; front with projecting scales or hair tuft ; antennae
of J> bipectinate to apex, of 9 sharply serrate ; thorax hairy, or
hairy scaled, very hairy beneath ; femora very hairy ; hind tibiae not
swollen, without hair pencil, with two ])airs of spurs ; fore wings
without fovea below, angulated, 12 veins, 10 and 11 from cell, se})a-
rate ; hind wings waved, augulate, 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7 separate,
8 separate from cell ; all wings have a transparent lunule at end of
discal cell, sometimes much hidden by overlapping scales.
Species. — *S'. keidaria Grt.
S. alciphearia Walk.
*S'. perangulata Hulst, n. sp.
S. |>ci'aii$;iila.ta n. sp. — Expands 44 mm. Palpi yellow ocher, tinged with
fuscous; front ochei' fuscous: thorax ocher. Abdomen clay ocher; fore wings
deep yellow costally at base, washed with deep yellow just beyond discal spot
and of the same color below apex and washed with it slightly over outer space :
grayish along costa and ocher over rest of wing ; basal line blackish, evenly
rounded ; middle line more diffuse, blackish, including discal spot, slightly bent ;
outer line blackish, quite straight; hind wings ocher, middle line of fore wings
continued, the wing more yellow outwardly ; beneath lines more distinct, esjje-
cially the middle one; on both wings the deep yellow color replaced by orange-
brown.
Colorado, from Mr. Bruce.
92. EPIPIiATYJ»IETK.4.Grt.
Can. Ent. v, 145, 1873.
Type coloradaria Gr.
Palpi long, beak like, ascending or almost erect, end member more
or less horizontal, rough scaled; tongue strong; front scale tufted;
AMi:i;i( AN l,i:i'll>01'TKKA. OM
antennjcof % hiiH't-tiiiarc, apex simple, of 9 serrate ; thorax rather
hairy scaled, not tufted, hairy lu'low ; abdonieii scaled ; hind tibiie
somewhat swollen, without hair ptMicil in S, with all spurs; fore
wing's 12 veins, 10 and II from cell, without fovea below; hind
wings 5 undeveloped, (i and 7 separate, 8 se])arate from cell ; all
wings strongly angulate.
Close to Metanema Guen., diHering cliiefly in the long, stout, as-
cending palpi.
Species : —
E. colontdiirid (irt. JJ. (iiifdiitiitcarid Pack.
E. (frotearia Pack. E. imulii^drin Walk.
E. cervinaria Pack.
9.3. SY!«AXI« n. j;en.
Type pal hdata Ilulst.
Palpi long, ascending, rough scaled, end member horizontal ;
tongue strong ; front somewhat hair tufted; antenniTe deeply biden-
tate in S ; thorax hairy scaled, hairy below ; abdomen scaled,
somewhat tufted ; hind tibiiB somewhat swollen, without hair pencil ;
fore wings angulate, without fovea below, 12 or 18 veins, 10 and 1 1
from cell; hind wings somewhat angulate, 5 inideveloped, (5 and 7
separate, 8 separate from cell.
The oidy specimen of pdlliKhiiii 1 have has 18 veins, the IMtli
reaching from 12 to costa. I am convinced this is only a rare aber-
ration, which, in a number of examples, 1 have found in other spe-
cies. Mr. Warren has suggested a genus Prionotetracis, Nov. Zool.
i, 461, 1894, which might be the same as this genus. He gave as
type " lathtrujuUi Warr. ined." Neither genus nor species having
been describi'd, it does not exist as yet, whether it be the same or
different.
iSpecies. — *S'. jxiUulatu Hulst.
S. obleiitaria Grt.
94. PlIERXE 11. gen.
Tyi)e paritUelnria Pack.
Palpi long, ascending, beak like, I'ough scaled, end inember hori-
zontal ; tongue strong; front cone tufred ; antennie l)ipectinate in
both sexes, apex simple; thorax hairy scaUnl, hairy below; abdomen
scaled, somewhat tufted ; hind tibia^ .somewhat swollen, with hair
pencil in % , with all spurs ; fore wings without fovea below, strongly
angulate, 12 veins, 10 and 11 from cell ; hind wings strongly angu-
late, 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7 .separate, 8 sej)arate from cell.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIU. (48) SEPTEMBER. 1896
378 GEORGE D. HULST.
Mr. Warren, Nov. Zoo], i, 461, 1894, suggests a genus Ctenote-
tracis by name, without description, and without type mentioned.
I am not aware any description has been given. He, it is true, says
"it is like Tetrads, except the antennre are pectinated in % ." This
differs very decidedly from Tetrads in that the antennae of the 9 ^ii'e
also bipectinate.
Species. — P. parallelaria, Pack.
P. jubararia Hulst.
95. METAJfEMA Guen.
Phal. i, 171, 1857.
Type inatomaria Guen.
Palpi moderate, stout, heavily rough scaled ; tongue strong ; front
scaled, sometimes somewhat tufted ; antenme of % bipectinate, a])ex
simple, pectinations filiform, of % filiform or scarcely serrate; tho-
rax hairy scaled or hairy, beneath hairy; abdomen scaled, some-
times slightly tufted ; hind tibiae of S generally swollen, without
hair pencil, with all sj>urs ; fore wings without fovea below, more or
less angulate and wavy, more decidedly so in the 9 , 12 veins, 10
and 11 from cell; hind wings angulate, 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7
separate, 8 separate from cell.
Species : —
M. iiudomarla (jruen. M. quercivoraria A. and S.
M. determinata Walk. M. textrinaria G. and R.
31. excelsa Streck.
96. PRYOCYCIiA Guen.
Pli;il. i, 90. 18.i7.
Tyjie (xrmatiiria H.-Sch.
Palpi rather long, ascending or erect, stout, tongue develojxHl ;
fnmt smooth, or slightly tufted ; antenme bipectinate almost to
apex in % , sharply .serrate in 9 ; thorax heavily scale haired ;
al)domen smooth ; thorax rather woolly below ; hind tibiae of %
somewhat swollen, without hair pencil, rather short, two pairs of
spurs in both sexes; fore wings quite evenly scalloped on outer mar-
gin in both s(!xes, without fovea at base in £ , 12 veins, (> widely
separate, 10 on 9, 11 from cell separate from 10 and 12; hind wings
(piite evenly scalloped on outer eiVs,i^, deeper and more irregular in
9 ; as in the fore wings, the points of the scallops at ends of veins,
•") undeveloj)ed, 6 and 7 sej)arate, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — P. annaiaryi (xuen.
J*, dccoloniriii Hulst.
AMERICAN LEFIDOPTERA. 379
97. SNOW I A Ncmii.
Pap. iv, 95, 1884.
Tyjie moiitanariu Nciim.
I*;il{)i rather short, porrect, long haired below ; tongue tleveloped ;
fnmt haired, somewhat tufted; antennje bipectinate in t , pectina-
tions short, t'lavate, apex simple; thorax densely hairy above and
below, with long subdorsal hair tufts above from underneath j)atagia) ;
abdomen smooth ; hind tibia- swollen, with hair peneii in % , witii
two pairs of spurs in both sexes ; wings rounded, even, fore wings
without fovea at ba.se in S , 12 veins, 10 on IJ, 11 on cell ; hind wings
all veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — S. montanarla Neum.
98. STENASPICATES Pack.
Geoni. Moths, 211, 1876.
Type meskearia Pack.
Pal])i moderate, ])orrect, very heavily scaled ; tongue developed ;
front .scaled, not tufted ; antennie bi[)ectinatc in % , filiform in 9 ;
thoi-ax very heavily and loosely scaled with a dorsal crest and with
a low, but heavy posterior tufting of scales; abdomen loosely scaled ;
hind tibiic without hair pencil, slightly swollen in both .sexes, with
two pairs of spurs ; fore wings outer edge sinuate, more excised below
vein •"), the sinuations all more decided in 9 > without fovea at base
in S , 12 vein.*, 5 nearer H than 4, (J se[)arate, 10 and 11 from cell ;
hind wungs more deeply sinuate, especially in 9> ^iH veins .separate,
5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species : —
S, za/i.-^iiarld Walk. S. muricolor Hulst, n. sp.
iS. ru(Uot«ir!(( Hulst. S. meskearia Pack.
S. muricolor n. sp. — Exi)aiids 34 mm. Much in general markings like .'<.
mexkearia Pack., but the wings are broader, more even, and the color is a bluish
gray or mouse color, darkening on middle field within outer line to blackisii
olive ; discal spots white, of raised scales. In form and general appearance it
looks like a bluish gray form ()f Aselina peplaria Hiih.
San Antonio, Texas, from Mr. Rautenberg.
99. 9IAR.MAKEA u. gen.
Ty]ie ocrideiitiilis JInlst.
Palpi moderate, subascending, stout, densely haired ; tongue
strong ; front densely haired, tufted ; antenme of % stout, heavy,
dentate, .-Jomewhat lamellate, flattened, of 9 filiform ; thorax den.sely
long haired, rising into a longitudinal dorsal crest, long den.<elv hairv
below; abdomen rough scaled ; femora hairy, iiind til)i:e not swollen,
without hair pencil, with all spurs; fore wings without fovea l)elo\v,
TRANS. AM. ENT. SO<J. XXIII. SKPThJMBEK. 1896.
380 GK()K(4E D. HULST.
wavy, augulate, 12 veins, 10 and 11 from cell; hind wings 5 unde-
veloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell, the wings wavy
augulate.
Species. —M. occiclentalis Hulst, n. sp.
M. occi den talis n. sp. — Expands 40-50 mm. Very much like Azelina
peplavia var. hnbnerata, but considerably larger, and heretofore catalogued as the
Pacific form of tliat variety. It may be distinguished by the antennje of the %
and is probably a " species darwiniana," in which tlie colors have persisted, while
the antenna! structure is modified.
California.
100. AZKL.INA Guen.
Plial. i, l.-)6, 1857.
Type peplarin Hiib.
Palpi moderate, subaseending, stout, geuerally heavily scaled ;
tongue developed ; front heavily hair tufted ; antennje flattened,
naked in % ; thorax heavily and loosely haired, with a distinct dorsal
crest; abdomen loosely scaled ; thorax densely woolly below ; hind
tibiie not swollen, without liair ))encil, with two pairs of spurs; fore
wings without fovea at base in S , falcate, wavy augulate, 12 veins,
5 nearer 6 than 4, 10 and 1 1 from cell ; hind wings wavy, dull an-
gled at 2, more decided in 9 > -^ undeveloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8
se})arate from cell.
►Species, — A. jteplaria Hiib, (hubnerata Guen.)
A. behreusdta Pack.
101. SYSSAURA Hiih.
Zutr. ii, V.i, figs. 247, 248.
Type drepanidafa Hiib.
Pafnlene H.-Sch. Auseu. Schm. 80, 1855. type falcularia Sepp.
MicroKemia H.-Sch., Auseu. Schm. 83. 1855.
Hi/perythra Guen.. Phal. i, 99, 1857.
UypHoddra Butl., Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 492, 1878.
Palpi short, stout, rather rough scaled, subascending or ascending ;
tongue strong ; front scaled, slightly tufted ; antennte of %, bipec-
tinate, apex simple, of 9 sen-ate ; thorax scaled, somewhat hairy
below ; alxlomen scaled ; hind tibiae swollen, with hair pencil in S ,
with all spurs; fore wings without fovea below, strongly falcate,
rounded, 12 veins, 10 and 11 stemmed from cell; hind wings even,
rounded, anal angle prominent, 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8
separate from cell.
The description is from the American species as I do not know the
tvpe of tlie genus. Mr. Warren is responsible for the application
of this name to the N. A; species heretofore listed under I)r('/)(iiioil('.-<
(xuen, (iuenee has twi) grou[)s under Ihi'jxiiuxh''^, the latter witli
AMKUKAX I.DIMDol'TKUA. 381
pectinatefl anteiiine falliiiii- uudvr Sf/ssaitru Iliib. and the former with
simple pubescent anteiiiue in tiu; % , being by Mr. Warren put under
Drepanodes. Mr. Warren says the apecies of Syssaur a have elon-
gate fore wing.*, and short, straight pectinations of the % antennae,
while the species of Patd/ciir hav(; fully pectinated antenna' and less
falcate fore wings. Whether these distinctions will hold good I
cannot say. They seem scarcely distincrtive. Sicu/dta is placed by
Guenee under the first group (Drejxiiiodex^, but as he had only the
$ , and as I also have no Z , I am unable to verify the correctness
of the reference. It is ({uite likely not iSi/.'<saura in the above sense,
as the antennjB of the 9 are filiform not .serrate, and the fore wings
decidedly falcate.
Species. — <S'. fiicuUtia (Juen.
S. Ki/zijgi/arla Hulst.
S. inft>ii.'<iitii Guen.
102. €ABEROI>E:i<i Guen.
Plial. i, 135. 1857.
Type confuKar'ut Iliil).
Palpi moderate, subascending, rough scali'd ; tongue strong; front
scaled, scarcely tufted ; antennie of S bipcictinate, ap(!x simple, of
1 serrate; thorax scaled, slightly hairy, hairy below; abdomen
scaled; hind tibite slightly swollen, without hair pencil, with all
spurs; fore wings rounded or very slightly angulate, without fovea
below, 12 veins (in one specimen 18), 10 and II from cell, stemmed
together at base; hind wings rounded or slightly angulate, o unde.
veloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate from cell.
The genus is scarcely to be separated from Metanenui Guen. ^[r.
Warren, giving the synonymy, says it is the same with Apicia Guen.,
which it is not, as Apicia has hair pencil in $ . Then Mr. Warren
refers the term Caberodes for the first species described by Gnenee,
and puts the American species under Kux(trca Iliib. as Hiibner de-
scribed confusarla under that generic name. But in his description
of Caberodes Guenee gives the structure of the males, and also gives
a description of the larva. Of the species to which Mr. Warren
would refer Caberodfs Guenee says he had the 9 only, and did not
know till' S . nor the lai'va. The S described is confmaria, and the
larva is the larva of coiifn.-<(irl<t. Oiberodes cannot in anywise be
therefore referred to anything but confii.mria. With regard to
En!<(irc(( in the Exot. Schmet., there is no pretense to binomial no-
menclature, and no generic names can be taken from what is de
.scriptive merely, lliibner's first use of the term in anything like
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER, 1«»6.
382 GEORGE D. HULST.
the binomial sense was in the Tentanien with elhignaria as type.
So Eusarca can in no wise be properly used as a generic term to
include Caberodes.
Species. — C. juncturaria Guen.
C, confusaria Hiib.
C. majoraria Guen.
103. OXYDIA Guen.
Phal. i, 52, 1857.
Type vesnlia Cram.
Palpi moderate, ascending or erect, heavy, densely scaled or haired ;
tongue developed ; front haired, more or less tufted ; antennse flat-
tened, sublamellate, somewhat fascicled with hairs ; thorax densely
hairy above and below; abdomen smooth; femora haired, hind tibiae
swollen, with hair pencil in % , with two pairs of spurs in both sexes ;
fore wings even, not angulated, without fovea at base in S , 12 veins,
6 near 7, 10 and 1 1 from cell ; hind wings rounded, even, 5 unde-
veloped, 6 and 7 separate, 8 separate frt)m cell.
Species. — 0. zonukda Hulst.
0. vesulia Cram.
104. TETRACIS Guen.
Phal. i. 140. 1857.
Type crocullata Gueu.
Palpi moderate, subascending, rather heavy, rough scaled ; tongue
strong ; front scaled ; slightly tufted, broad ; antenna? of % flattened,
dentate, naked ; thorax hairy scaled, hairy below ; abdomen scaled ;
hind tibiae of % swollen, with hair pencil, with all spurs ; fore wings
pointed, angulate, without fovea below, 12 veins, 10 and 11 on cell ;
hind wings angulate, 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7 .separate, 8 separate
from cell.
Truxaluttd (Tuen, has ordinarily been regarded as the type of
Tetrads, but that species is congeneric with a'xjrotata Guen., the type
of Sabulodes. Crocallata Guen., described also under Tetrads, dif-
fers from truxaliata generically, and I apply Guent'e's generic term
to it as type.
Species. — T. crocallata Guen.
105. $iABiJI^ODK»$ Guen.
Phal. i, 42, 1857.
Type fuberata (Juen.
Choerode.i Guen., Phal. i, 35. 18.57, type transversata Dru.
Autejnone Pack., (xeoni. Moths 484, 1876, type depontanata Grt.
ProchuTodes Grt., An. Mag. Nat. Hist. 55, 1883, type tran.sversatu Dru.
Palpi moderate, scaled, porrect or ascending, rough scaled ; tongue
strong; front rough haired, somewhat tufted; antenna? of % simple,
AMERICAN LKPIDOI'TKRA. 383
flattened, nearly naked, .somewhat lamellate, of 9 simple, filiform ;
thorax rather loni;' hairy above and below, tufted anteriorly; abdo-
men scaled, slightly tufted at end ; hind tibise of % swollen, with
hair ])encil, with all s[)urs ; fore wings without fovea below, 12 veins?
10 on 11 stemmed from cell; hind wings 5 undeveloped, 6 and 7
separate, 8 separate from cell.
I can see no valid reason why Sabalodes, Anteplone and I'rochm-
rode.i should not be regarded as one genus. Sabulodes and Antepione
have the antennaj of the % more flattened and naked, but the an-
tennae of Proehaerodes are flattened and but shortly ciliate. The
tendency to the lamellate form of segments is present in all the sj)e-
cies though more marked in the Sabulodes group. Tiiere is some
variation in wing shape, but the variation is one of not very wide
degree, not of kind. The angulation (/f the hind wings is not dis-
tinctive, as the varieties of S. tniusvarscda cover both forms. The
angulation of the fore wings differs, as does the amount of falcation
beneath apex, but this also differs in the single species !js well as in
the sexes of some of the species. I think when a close examination is
made it will be agreed the differences, so far as knowledge at present
goes, are more apparent than real. Oxydia is very close, and scai'cely
to be separated. Polltia Cram, is put by Mr. Butler under the
genus NepJieloleuca, but I have not been able to find the description.
Species : —
S. tni.rcdiata Guen, *S'. (iiifracfota Hulst.
S. lorata Grt. S. catenuhda Grt.
S. sulphurata Pack. S. nubilata Pack.
S. de})0)dn)i(da Grt. S. furciferata Pack.
S. novellata Hulst. S. transversata Dru.
S. caberata Guen. S. polltia Cram.
106. .\BnOTT.\X.4 u. gen.
TyjH; clematala Ah. Sm.
Palpi moderately long, ascending or erect, stout, heavily scaled ;
tongue developed ; front hair tufted ; antennie of S shortly bipec-
tinate, the pectinations scarcely more than dentations, with a fascicle
of hairs at the summit of each ; thorax densely hairy above, densely
woolly below ; abdomen smooth; femora somewhat hairy, hind tibiie
swollen, without hair pencil in S , with two pairs of si)urs in both
."iexes ; fore wings falcate, very strongly so in 9 , scarcely angulate
at 4, without fovea below in ?> , 12 veins, 10 on 9, 11 on cell ; hind
wings rounded, slightly wavy, slightly angulate at 4, more decidedly
.so in 9 , :ill veins separate, 5 undeveloped, 8 separate from cell.
Species. — A. clemataria Ab. and Sm.
TKANS. AM. BNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBEE, 1896. ■
384 GKORGE D. HIILST.
PALYADIN.^..
This snhfainily is ti'opieiil, the two species of our fauna occurring
only in the southern part of Fh)rida. They are characteristically
and peculiarly jnarked by the absence of the frenulum, which feature
may warrant family distinction. The Geon)etrid character of the
family is shown by the strongly marked angle at base of vein (S in
the hind wings.
Syn()])sis of Genera.
Abdomen of % untufted 1. I'alyas.
Abdomen of % with lateral tufts on fifth segment 2. l*lii'ygioiii!!t.
1. I'ALYAS (4uen.
Verz. ;J07, 1818.
Type aura Cram.
Palpi moderate, bushy, ascending, close to front ; tongue devel-
()j)ed ; front narrow, tufted ; anteniueof % bipectinate, apex simple,
thorax smooth, somewhat tufted i)osteriorly ; abdomen smooth ; legs
slender, hind tibiae not swollen, without hair })encil, with two pairs
of spurs in both sexes; wings even, rounded, with metallic bands
and spots; fore wings 12 veins, 10 on 9, 11 from cell; hind wings
all veins separate, 8 close to cell one-half its length, then separating
at a sharp angle.
Species. — P. awiferaria Hulst.
2. PHRYGIOIVIS Utib.
Verz. 307, 1818.
Type argentnta Dru.
Byssodes Ciuen., Phal. i, ;{9y, 1857, tyjie (irgottaid Dm.
Palpi moderate, bushy, a.scending, close to front, rather stout ;
tongue developed ; front narrow, short, tufted ; antenna? shortly bi-
pectinate in % , filiform, slightly flattened, nakt'd in 9 ; thorax
smooth ; abdomen smooth, with subdorsal hair tuftings at extremity
of fifth segment in % ; legs long, slender, hind tibise not swollen,
without hair pencil, with two pairs of spurs in both sexes ; fore wings
without fovea at base in S , 12 veins, 6 separate, 10 on 9, 1 1 on cell ;
hind wings all veino separate ; 8 close to cell one-half its length,
then separating at a broad angle ; all wings with metallic bands and
spots ; hind wings angled at 4.
Species. — P. argenteodriata Streck.
MECOCERATIN^.
The Mecoceratiiue have scarcely any representatives in our fauna,
and this subfamily, while tro})ical, has few representatives in any
part of the world. They are easily recognised by the extreme length
and slenderness of the antennce and legs, which in them becomes a
AMKKIOAN LEPIDOPTERA. 385
marked characteristic. The front is very much shortened and the
lower part })rotrudcd so the pi'oboscis seems to come directly in front
of and between the eyes. The venation also is peculiar, 1 1 being
on a stem with 7, 8, 9 and 10, and so far out as to be at its base
nearer the end of the wing tlian the base of the stem.
Synopsis of Genera.
Palpi erect, recurved 1. Ifleoocerus.
Palpi porrect, or subascendinji 2. AliiiodeN.
1. I»If:C'0€l-:RAS Guen.
Phal. i, 388, 1857.
Type nitocris Cram.
Palpi erect, recurved, exceeding head, not long scaled, end mem-
ber short ; front with a scale tuft ; tongue developed ; antennie very
long, bipectinate in S , subdeutate in $ , with two spinous hairs at
the end of each segment ; legs very long, slender, the hind tibite with
two 2)aii"s of spurs; fore wings 12 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 6 sepa-
rate, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 on one stem; hind wings 3 and 4 from a
point, 6 and 7 short stemmed, 5 undeveloped.
Species. — 31. nitocris Cr.
2. AL,:TI0DRS Cuen.
Phal. i, 389, IS.')?.
Type ferrdfiu Giicn.
Palpi rather long, porrect or ascending, slender, rather heavily
scaled ; front scale tufted ; tongue developed ; antennae very long,
bipectinate in % ; legs very long and slender; hind tibiiB with two
pairs of s})urs; fore wings 12 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 6 separate; 7,
8, 9J 10 and 11 on a stem ; hind wings 3 and 4 from a point, 6 and
7 short stemmed, 5 undeveloped.
Species. — A. terraria Guen. (rivularia Grf.)
MELANCHROIIN^.
Only one genus, the typical one of this subfamily, has been found
in the United States, if, indeed, that has been found here. In our
catalogues several species are enumerated, and it is possible all may
be found in the extreme south of Florida, but I have been able to
find no record of the capture of any of them save ceplme Cram,
within our limits.
This subfamily had always been regarded as Lithosian till its larva
was discovered, which showed it to be a true Geometer. It is, how-
ever, not typical, as the base of vein 8 of hind wings is scarcely
bent, and is not angulated.
The species are brightly colored, as a ride, and decidedly showy
in appearance.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (49) SKPTKMBKK, 1896.
386 GEORGE D. HULST.
MEL.AXCHROIA Hub.
Type cephise Cr.
Palpi moderate, porrect, not heavy ; front smooth ; tongue sti'ong ;
antennse of % bi pectin ate ; legs rather long, slender ; hind tibiae
with two pairs of spurs; fore wings 11 veins, 3 and 4 separate, 5
wanting, 6 and 7 stemmed ; 8, 9 and 10 stemmed, 11 from cell ; hind
wings 3 and 4 separate, 6 and 7 from a point, 5 undeveloped.
Species. — M. cephise Cr.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE X.
Fig. '1. Fore wiug of Ilydriomena trifasciata Bork. (after Packard).
•• ^2. " " Zenophlepf! lignocoloratd P&c^.
" /S. " '■ Opheropfera borcdta h., 'J, (after Packard).
" / 4. " " Brephos infans Moescli (after Comstock).
" / 5. " " Leucula lacfeolaria Hulst.
" / 6. " " Sfynelys ennucleat.a Guen. (after Comstock).
" / 7. " " CaUeddptrryx dryopterata Grt. (after Packard).
'• t 8. " " Anoploilrx ri'iDutiiriii Walk, (after Comstock).
" /9. " " Caripctn aiKjKstiorald Walk, (after Comstock).
" ' 10. " " Mecoceras nitocHs Cram.
'• /ll. " " 3Ielanchroia cephise Cram.
" fl2. Hind wing of HydridtiwiKi trifuxciatii Bork.
••-13. " •' J)ys]ili'rls ,ihi,riirariit H.-Heh. % {after Comstock).
•'"14. ■' " £■"(/"/(' »«•»((/(■(•(( Walk, (after Comstock).
"/I.5. " " //r(?p/io.'» iw/ttws Moesch. (after Comstock).
•' /16. " " Leacnld lacfeolaria Hulst.
■' /17. " " '%'"''.'/•<■ einiKcJeiitii Gucii. (after Comstock).
" /18. " " rVn-/7«'/(( ((//(//(.s^/ojvf^/ Walk, (after Comstock).
" / 19. Humeral angle of hind wing of Eudule mendica Walk, (after Comstock).
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XL
Fig. /I. Section of antenna of Caripeta divisata Walk. % .
" / 2. . " " fiympherta marccxyarid Pack. % .
'• • 3. " " (ionodontis foriiiDsd Hulst 'J,.
'• / 4. " " Lychiio.sen helniolnria Hulst % .
'• ^ ."). '■ '• IHpald mahometaria H.-Sch. % .
" / (). •' '• Ahhottaiui clemataria Ah. and Hm. %.
•' / 7. ■■ '■ F/niuinx defoliaria \j. %.
'• / 8. '• " l-'riropis crepnsculnria Scliif. % .
" ^ 9. " '• Manimrea occidentalis Hulst % .
" /lO. " " Sabulodes caherata Guen. % .
" /ll. Palpus of Lytro.iifi unUaria H.-Scli.
" / 12. " Ciiiopyrrlia volornria Fab.
"^1,'5. " Myclcrophora lu)Kii})(dpid(i }lu\st %.
" /14. Fore tibia of Fcnuddrlln linirhirid Grt.
" /"lia. ■' " KiKixp'ildtcn ypiiiiliiriii Pack.
" r Hi. " ■' Fpimrcix hortiiriii (iuan.
•"/17. " ■' Synelyx ennucleata iiueu.
"/IS. Hind tibia of Fenmldelln fimetaria Grt.
"^19. " •' Mecocera.'i iiitocris Cram.
" 20. " " Snhxioilcs trciiiKversata Dru. % .
" 21. " " .{ii'iK Hiiiljiifii Haw. %.
ERRATA.
Page 249, line fi from toj), for vein absent read vein 5 absent.
" 249, line 13 from top and line 5 from bottom ; also page 254, lines 14 and 15
from bottom : also page 255, lines 11 and 17 from top ; also page 311, lines
7 and 10 from bottom, for Hydriomiua; read Hydriomeninaj.
Page 258, line 13 from bottom, for Ennomiinai rend EumnmuiB.
287, line 13 from top. for Xanthorhoe read Xanthorhoe.
289, line 11 from top, for Melanchoria read Melanchroia.
298, line 11 from bottom, for faacaria read perfnscaria.
300, before all species under Lcucophthalmia in place of C place L.
303, line 20 from top, for laretaria read laularia.
317, for LeuculidiB read Leuculiuje.
' 322, line 9 from bottom ; also page 326, line 9 from top, for Choraspilates
read Cbloraspilates.
341, before all species of Euemera. iu place of A place E.
343, line 8 from bottom, for insects read insect.
368. between lines 6 and 7 from top, place species S. vulneraria Hiib.
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXMI.
PI. VI.
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. Vol. .XXIII.
PI. \1I.
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXHI.
PI. VIII.
Trans. Am. E:it. Soc. \ol. X.XIII.
(T^,
scicru^ yezr. rt.
"O
^^vi.^<:<^^/6i<
/-ifucyi^
V
r
'^'-'t-^.c^a.'Cd^^
^'l^ci/e^.
/■
Cvv^rfj,
(^crrn.'^Ui^
^•C^rtHr^^^^
J.L.HA>COCIC, FROM NATURE.
cc^^..ce^ xr<n >T.
I rans. Am. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXIII.
PI. X.
13
Trans. Am. Eiit. Soc. Vol. XXIII.
PI. XI.
10
/ llJl AIM .W'M")!' '«!*%, ^
AMERICAN COLEOl'TEKA. 387
REVISION OF THE €iENEKA AMD SPECIES OF
CEUTOKIIYNCHIMI I.MIABITIMG
NORTH AMERICA.
I5Y WILLIAM (i. BIETZ, M.I).
Since the publication of my paper on the Desinori of North
America, the greater part of my spare time lias been devoted to a
study of our North American Ceutorhynchini. To make these
.studies as complete as possible I have also examined a large number
of foreign," especially European species, representing, with one ex-
ception (Mecysmoderes), all the genera of this tribe described by
Lacordaire.
Before proceeding to the elucidation of the subject proper, I desire
to call attention to a few characters which, to the best of my knowl-
edge, have escaped observation heretofore. The formation of the
ventral segments presents certain modifications, of which I have made
use in the classification of the genera.
1. The second ventral segment fully as long or longer than the
two following segments together, the latter always short, the third
segment not narrowed on the sides by a prolongation of the hind
angles of the preceding segment. PI, xiii, fig. 19«.
2. The second ventral segment scarcely as long or shorter than the
two following segments, hind angles prolonged, the prolongation in-
tervening to a greater or less extent between the third segment and
the lateral margin of the abdomen and showing thus a tendency to
the Tychini. PI. xii, fig. 1.
Another character, though of a sexual nature only, is this, that in
the majority of the species the middle and posterior tibise (generally)
of the males are unguiculate at the apex, while unarmed in the
females, and occurs especially in the fir.st three subtribes.
Aside from this last-mentioned character the sexes can, as a rule,
be readily distinguished. The males have the beak stouter and less
elongate, the antennae less slender and inserted nearer the apex
(rarely the same in both sexes), and by the fifth ventral segment
being subtruncate and frequently foveate.
TRANS. AM. K.VT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER. 1896
388 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
Family CURCULIONIDJE.
Tribe Ceutorhynchini.
Beak variable, very slender, filiform in Mononychi, slender in
Ceutorhynchi, somewhat stouter in Cceliodes, until in the subtribe
Phytobii the beak becomes quite robust and short in some of the
species. Scrobes lateral or infra-lateral, directed against the eyes,
more rarely oblique and directed lieneath the eyes {Phytobii veri).
Antennae generally slender, funicle G- or 7-jointed, club variable,
from short ovoidal to elongate, acuminate. Eyes rather large, finely
granulated, never closely approximate above, more or less concealed
in repose by prothoracic lobes (except Phytobii veri). Head sub-
coninal, occiput carinate ; prothorax generally wider than long, nar-
rowed in front, with lateral tubercles distinct in almost all, postocular
lobes more or less developed in all except Phytobii veri; scutel very
small or not visible. Elytra broadly oval, convex, in the majority
of species, more rarely elongate, generally distinctly wider at the base
than the prothorax and separately rounded at the apex. Pygidium
nearly perpendicular, exposed, larger in the males than in the females,
with a transverse elevated line (except Mononychis), a continuation
of the lateral margin of the abdomen and against which the apex
of the elytra abuts. In front of this elevated line is a short carina.
Prosternum canaliculate, the canal sometimes effaced before the an-
terior coxte (Phytobii), of variable length in front of the latter,
with or without antecoxal ridges, more or less deeply emarginate for
the reception of the beak in repose ; mesosternum canaliculate or
excavate in Mononychi and Qrliodes, declivous and entire in Ceu-
torhynchi and Phytobii (depressed and transversely sulcate in liiley-
onymus) ; side pieces wide, ascending between the prothorax and
the humeral angle of the elytra and generally visible from above ;
metasternum canaliculate in Moiionyehus (and some foreign Ofliodea),
emarginate or excavate anteriorly in some Cceliodex and forming the
posterior limit of the pectoral canal, entire in Ceutorhynchi and
Phytobii. First ventral segment longer than the second and sepa-
rated from it l)y a straight suture (see above); sutures 2-4 deeply
impressed and curved backward on the sides. Fifth ventral seg-
ment longer than either of the two preceding segments (except
Rilexjonymus) ; anterior coxae conical, not contiguous, middle coxae
rounded, entirely enclosed by the coxal cavities (open within in
Rileyoiiymm) and generally more widely separated than the anterior.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 389
posterior coxse small. Legs variable, generally slender, never very
stout ; femora mutic or dentate, more or less clavate (posterior
strongly incrassate in OvcJtedomeru>i) ; tibise very variable, acutely
angulate near the base in Cuemogonm and CraponiuH, external apical
angle of the anterior tibiie produced into a toothed j)rocess in Cne-
mogou.as and Accuithoaceli^, the middle and posterior fre<iucntly
eniarginatc above the apex, the emargination generally with a row
of stiff bristles ; tarsi generally slender, third joint bilobed, rarely
narrow {RileyoiiymKs, Phltohuts). Claws biiid, toothed or simple;
a single claw only in Monoinjchnx.
I have foUowed Dr. LeCoiite in arranging the genera under four
well defiu(Ml pi-imary divisions, to which, liowevcr, 1 prefer to apply
the term " subtribe" instead of " group," as was done by that author.
Lacordaire included MoiioiiijcJnif! among his Orliodex, but the extra-
ordinary characters presented by that genus fully wai-rant the jjlan
adopted by Dr. LeConte.
The subtribes are distinguished as follow's :
Pygidium without transverse line for the reception of the elytra, pectoral groove
extended npon the metasternum, tarsi with a single claw- . • • ilononi/chi. ^3 * '
Pygidium with transverse line for reception of the elytra and carinate in front,
tarsi with two claws.
Pectoral groove extending upon the niesosternum, rarely ujton the metasternum.
Oeliodes. p. 310
Pectoral groove not extending ujion the mososternom.
Beak long and slender Ceutorhi/nchi. (F-^''^
Beak stout, generally short Phytohii. lo- ¥*'6'
Subtribe Mononych i
But a single genus constitutes this tribe. Easily recognize<l by
the transverse elevated line of the pygidium, the narrow, sharply
defined pectoral groove extending well upon the metasternum and
the single tarsal claw. The pygidium is (piite protuberant in the
male, smaller and excavate in the female; beak long and slender,
antennie with 7-jointed funicle ; second ventral segment as long at
middle as the two following segments united, the latter with a me-
dian glabrous space, third segment not narrowed at the extremities.
Legs slender, articulating surfaces of the tibiie ascending, margined
with a row of stiff settc and permitting of complete extension of the
tarsus upon the tibi?e ; tarsi moderate, third joint broadly bilobed,
fourth rather short, with a single claw.
The genus Mononychus Germ, is represented in our launa by a
single species.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER, 1896.
390 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
]fl. Tlilpecnlus Fah.— Our largest Ceutorhynchid. Broadly ovate, above
densely clothed with black scales; underside of body, sides of prothorax and
sutural line, with fulvous scales. Length 4.5-5.0 mm. ; 0.18-0.20 inch.
Hab. — Atlantic slope.
The male has the pygidiuni protuberant, the fifth ventral segment
strongly foveate and the middle and posterior tibise strongly ungu-
iculate at the apex. Female : pygidium excavate, fifth ventral very
convex and protuberant towards the apex ; tibi?e not armed at the
apex. As the description of this species by Fabricius antedates
that of Boheraan, I accord to the former the authority.
Snbtribe Cceliodes.
In all the species of this subtribe the sternal canal extends upon
the mesosternum, more rarely the metasternura. The eyes are more
or less completely covered in repose by prothoracic lobes ; beak some-
what variable, generally long and rather slender, the antennal funicle
7-jointed ; sternal side-pieces wide, middle coxal cavities open or
closed within, ventral segments variable ; the legs are long and
slender, femora moderately stout, rarely {Orchestomerus) dilated,
more or less deeply grooved beneath for the partial reception of the
tibise in repose, except Acallodes and Qeliodes ; tarsi slender, third
joint bilobed, tarsi with two claws, the latter armed with a tooth of
variable length.
The following genera are indicated :
Second ventral segment shorter at the middle than the two following united,
prolonged at the sides, third segment narrowed at its extremities,
not or narrowly attaining the lateral margin ; femora mutic, grooved
for the reception of the tibiai. PI. xii, fig. 1.
Tibije flattened, acutely angulate or dentate near the base. PI. xii. fig. 2.
Pectoral canal extending upon the nietasternum CrapuiiiiiM.
Pectoral canal not extending upon the metasteruum I'lieniogouiis.
Tibiae not flattened nor dentate near the base.
Outer angle of anterior tibiic produced into a toothed process. PI. xii, fig. 9.
AcautUoscclis.
Outer angle of anterior tibiaj not produced.
Posterior femora normal, or at least not conspicuously dilated.
Surface not conspicuously uneven, without crests of erect scales.
Aulcutcs.
Surface very uneven, elytra with crests of erect scales. PI. xii, fig. l(i.
Pelcuoi^oiniiM.
Posterior femora dilated. PI. xii, fig. 17(( ,• PI. xiii, fig. 18ft.
OrchcsioiueruN.
AMEKIC'AN COLKOl'TKKA. 391
Second ventral segment longer at the middle than the two following united, third
segment not narrowed externally, fully attaining the lateral mar-
gin ; femora dentate, not grooved for the reception of the tihiae.
PI. xiii, fig. 19a.
Metasternum very short, elytra widest behind the middle A<*allo<los.
Metasternum of moderate length, elytra not widened behind the middle.
Coeliodes.
CR A POX I US Lee.
Beak somewhat stout, curved and j)un('tured, slio:litly widened
toward tlie apex, scrobes expanded po,steriorly, the ui)per margin
attaining the middle of the eye, antennae inserted at tlie middle ( S )
or two-fiftlis from the base ( 9 )> slender, first joint stout, short,
second lonj^ and slender, and nearly equal in length to the three
following joints united, club abrupt, large, first joint occupying
more than one-half of its mass. Eyes oval, partially covered in
repose ; prothorax transver.se, strongly narrowed anteriorly, surface
uneven, (piadri-tuberculate, anterior pair of tubercles larger, obtuse,
posterior smaller, acute ; base bi.sinuate, produced in front of scutel,
latter very small, glabrous. Elytra suddenly wider than the pro-
thorax and wider than long, humeri protuberant ; sternal side-pieces
scarcely visible from above; prosternum long in front of the coxa?;
pectoral sulcus deep, prolonged to the end of the metasternum. Ab-
domen short, second ventral segment shorter than the two following
together, prolonged at the sides to the fourth segment, the third not
attaining the lateral margin ; sutures 3. and 4 deeply impressed, fifth
segment about as long as the first; pygidium with ill-defined longi-
tudiiuil furrow ; femora uot toothed, deeply grooved for the reception
of the tibije, latter flattened, acutely angulate near the base, suleate
along the external luargin for the reception of the tarsi, latter with
the third joint very broadly bilobed, fourth rather short, claws
armed with a slender tooth about half the length of the former.
Form very robust, subtrapezoidal, coarsely sculptured. The only
species known nuiy readily be recognized by the above generic
characters.
<'. iiiicqiisilis Say. PI. xii. fig. 1. — Dark piceous, beak and legs reddish
brown, above dt_Misely clothed with small, closely adherent chocolate colored scales,
intermixed with a fine, white, sc^ile-like pubescence arranged in spots and irreg-
ular, transverse lines on the elytra; underside nearly subglabrous, coarsely i)unc-
tured, each ])uncture bearing a white filiform scale; prothorax with entire dorsal
channel, another less sharply defined, oblique groove extends from the middle
of the base each side to between the posterior and anterior tubercles ; elytra with
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. SEPTEMBER, lb96.
392 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D,
well impressed stria?, strongly and approximately punctured, interspaces unequal,
alternately wider and more prominent. Length 2.7-3.0 mm. ; 0.11-0.12 incli.
% . Last ventral segment with longitudinal, deeply impressed fovea.
Hab. — Middle, Southern and Western States.
C]^E]»IO«Oi\US Lee.
This genns was establislied by Dr. LeConte on a species supposed
by him to be identical with the European Geliodes epllohii Payk.,
an insect to which it bears but the most superficial resemblance ; a
curious circumstance is the fact that the author had the true C epilohii
before him, but failing to recognize it, described it as C. cruralls.
The beak is rather stout, feebly curved and slightly widened toward
the apex, the scrobes expanding posteriorly, their upper margin di-
rected against the middle of the eye, antennae rather stout, funicle
7-jointed, joints 1-2 elongate, 3-4 shorter, ecpial, -5-7 subtransverse,
club large, the first joining forming more than one-half its mass,
inserted two-fifths from the apex ( S ), or at the middle ( $ ). Eyes
ovate, obtusely acuminate inferiorly, entirely lateral and widely
separated above ; front flattened, without elevated orbital margin ;
prothorax wider than long, rounded on the sides and constricted
behind the apical margin, basal margin straight each side, produced
at the middle ; scutel very small. Elytra wider at the base than
the prothorax, longer than wide ; pectoral canal deep, not extending
upon the metasternum ; mesosternal side-pieces wide, distinctly visible
from above ; second ventral segment shorter than the two following
combined, third segment narrowed at the sides, attaining the lateral
margin more narrowly in the male than in the female ; pygidium
convex, middle coxal cavities closed within, a trifle more widely
separated than the anterior; femora njutic, tibi?e flattened with a
large triangular tooth near the base, the external a})ical angle of the
anterior })air ])ro(luced into a toothed process similar to AcantJiosceli'',
articulating surface of middle and posterior tibite ascending with a
triangular tooth one-third above the apex, emarginate between this
and the subbasal tooth, tarsi with the third joint broadly bilobed,
fourth long and slender, claws long and slender, divergent and
armed with a short, acute tooth.
One species.
C liCCOnlei sp. n. PI. xii, fig. 2. — Stout, suhtrapezoidal, pitclry Mack,
densely clothed above with blackish scales intermixed with a short, whitish pu-
bescence, condensed in a cruciform scutellar spot and less defined, smaller spots
on the disc of the elytra. Beak subcarinate, punctured ; prothorax densely and
AMERICAN COLKOI'TERA. 398
rather finely punctured, except along the hasal margin, where tlie punctures
hecouje somewhat larger; dorsal channel distinct in its basal two-fifths, ill-defined
l)eyond, a small and rather ohtuse tubercle each side. Klytra less than one-third
wider at the base than the prothorax, gradually narrowed from tlie humeral
callus ])ostei-iorly, strife wide, not deeply impressed punctures large, somewhat
remote, interspaces moderately convex, each with a row of transverse tubercles
which, however, become obsolete on the two or three outer interspaces; under-
side coarsely punctured, each puncture bearing a pale scale. Length 3.3 4.0 mm. ;
0.125-0.16 inch.
%. Last ventral segment with a wi'll defined, coarsely punctured fovea.
9 . Last ventral transversely impressed before the apical margin.
Hab. — Lake Superior, Michigan, Pennsylvania (ilazleton).
It is with pleasure that I dedicate this species to the memory of
Dr. John I^eConte.
A€ANTIIOSCRLIS gen. nov.
Under this generic term I have separated from its near allies that
heterogenous aggregation of forms heretofore known in our lists and
collections as Coeliodes acephnlux and ciirtus. The formation of the
ventral segments at once separate it from Gdiodes, which, indeed,
it resembles very little in general habitus. Its nearest relative is
Cnetutxjoii ((.•<, witii which it agrees in the pectoral canal not extend-
ing beyond the mesosternum and in the presence of tiie apical pro-
cess of the anterior tibite, and from which it difiers in habitus and
the absence of the acute tooth near the base of the tibiae.
The beak is moderately stout, nearly straight, shorter and cylin-
drical in the male, somewhat attenuated and shining towards the
a[)cx in the female; scrobes expanding posteriorly, antennal funicle
7-jointed. The eyes are rather large ; prothorax convex, ample,
constricted at the apex in all (except pus'dlus), lateral tubercles
acute, small, .<cutel not visible. Elytra at most very little longer
than wiilc; prosternum moderately long in front of the coxie, pec-
toral canal sharply defined and extending upon the mesosternum,
metasterniun shoit ; .second ventral segment shorter than the two
following united, prolonged at the sides, the third segment narrowly
attaining the lateral margin. The legs are generally rather stout,
though slender in some, femora not toothed, posterior stouter than
anterior and middle, tibiie very variable, anterior with the external
apical angle produced into a toothed |)rocess, the nnddle and poste-
rior wTth a broadly triangular or even rectangular tooth above the
apex, or else subangulate or simple ; tarsi variable, claws bifid.
The following analytical tal)le of species is based on a critical ex-
TK.^NS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (50) NUVKMBEU. 1896.
394 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
aminatiou of an unusually large number of specimens at my dis-
posal. The species, while bearing a great deal of resemblance to
each othei', present, nevertheless, considerable uniformity in appear-
ance and size, and with the aid of the figures and descriptions the
student will be enabled to identify his material with certainty.
Middle and posterior tibise stouter, conspicuously widened toward the apex, dis-
tinctly toothed or angulated above the latter, tarsi never very
slender, orbital margin elevated, front concave. PI. xii. figs. 5, 5a.
Front transversely grooved ; scales mottled.
Larger, middle tibiae feebly emarginate above the apex, apical book of male
minute. PI. xii, fig. 5 califoriiictis.
Smaller, middle tibise deeply emarginate, inner angle prolonged into a strong
mucro. PI. xii, fig. 6(i rrontalis.
Front without transverse groove.
Posterior tibial tooth rectangular, scales predominantly grayish white, in-
conspicuously mottled. PI. xii, fig. 7 griseu!«.
Posterior tibia? acutely angulated.
Tibise stouter, posterior without supra-apical emargination. PI. xii. fig. 8.
Tibiaj more slender, posterior emarginate above the apex. PI. xii, fig. 10.
curt us.
Middle and posterior tibiai slender, at most subangulate, never obviously widened
toward the apex. PI. xii. fig. 94-
Tarsi broad, stout, upper margin of eye not raised above level of front.
aceplialns.
Tarsi slender.
Prothorax strongly constricted at the apex.
Outer joints of funicle not mai-kedly wider.
Very stout, scales unicolorous grayish white, without regularly arranged
spots of condensed paler scales ; tarsi very slender. PI. xii, fig. 11.
iarNaliw.
Leas robust, above with regularly arranged spots of condensed scales.
PI. xii, figs. 3 and 4.
Scales pale ochi-eous. middle tibiaj emarginate above the apex, outer
apical angle acute, elytral stria; wider a/nd more deeply imi)i'essed.
^lltlsilliS.
Scales grayish, middle tibia; not emarginate, outer angle nuinded
elytral strije finer |>«m'|>1<'.viis.
Outer joints of funicle much widened, scales predominantly dark lu-owu.
with spots of condensed pale scales *. .iiieiidic'iiw.
Prothorax not constricted at the apex. PI. xii, fig. 4 |»ii$>»illii!«.
A. califoniii'iis n. sp. PI. xii, figs. 5, .5«. — Oval, robust, dark j)iceous, legs
and antenna; ferruginous, above densely scaly, scales darkish brown, mottled with
pale .spots, underside densely clothed with large, dirty white scales. Legs coarsely
pubescent; beak rather stout, curved, coar.sely punctured and pubescent, a feebly
elevated median line, antennic inserted about the middle, first joint of funicle
longer than the second, this a little longer than the third, which is e(|ual to tlie
AMERICAN COLKOPTERA. 395
fourth, joints 5-7 short, scarcely widened toward the chib, latter ovoidal. Head
concave between the eyes, orbital margin elevated, a curved, acutely elevated
ridge between the eyes, fwrming the anterior niargin of a wide transverse sulcus,
the posterior margin of which is ill-defined ; prothorax nearly twice as wide than
long, broadly constricted at the apex, regularly rounded on the sides and nar-
rowed from the base ; dorsal channel wide, sui)erficial, evanescent anteriorly, disc
densely and very finely punctured except along the base, where the punctures
become larger, each ])uncture bearing a coarse piliforni scale, lateral tubercles
rather acute, distinct, a spot of pale scales in front of each tubercle, another less
distinct spot each side of middle and on a transverse line with the lateral spots.
Elytra one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, scarcely longer than wide,
narrower from the humeral callus posteriorly, strife deep, punctured, punctures
concealed by the scaly vestiture. interspaces convex, alternately wider; femora
feebly clavate, tibise stout, widened from base to apex, posterior with a triangular
tooth one-third above the apex, tai-si less stout, fourth joint about as long as the
two i)recediug joints together; pygidium rather coarsely but not densely punc-
tured. Length 3.75 mm. ; 0.15 inch.
% . First and second ventral segments broadly im])ressed at the middle and
posterior til)ife unguiculate at the apex.
Hub. — California, Dr. Horn and Mr, Ulke's collection.
Six specimens, all males, are Ix'tbre me. A s})ecinien bearing tiie
lal)(l " ('. cnrti(-'< in Dr. Horn's coll." has served as the type for die
al)()ve des('rij)ti()n. Readily recognized by the transverse frontal
sulcus in which it agrees with tlu; next species, and from which it
diHers in its larger size and absence of the strong macro of the
middU' tibite. A s})ecimen in Mr. Ulke's coll. has the frontal sulcus
almost ob.solete.
A. fro lit ill Ik n. sj). PI. xii, figs. 6. 6«. — Agrees in form and scaly vestiture
with the i)receding sjjecies, but is smaller. The transverse frontal groove is wide
and well marked ; the tibiie are more slender, middle and posterior more deeply
emarginate above the apex and the inner apical angle of the former prolonged
into a stout mucro. Length 2.75 mm. ; 0.11 inch.
■J) . Same as in californican. except tlie dilTerence in ai)ical armature of middle
tibiie.
HdhJ (probal)ly California)
A male s])ecinien witiiout locality label in Dr. Horn's coll. I am
not at all certain that the characters adduced in diiierentiating this
from the preceding species, are constant ; more extensive series of
specimens are required to settle this point.
A^ griiiieus n. sp. PI. xii. fig 7. — Robust, oval, black, clothed with ashy gray
scales, which are larger and more dense on the underside, smaller and less crowded
above, especially on the elytra. Beak rather long and stout, subcarinate, slightly
tapering and sparsely scaly from the middle, basal half densely scaly ; antennse
slender, inserted two-fifths from the apex ( % ), first joint of funicle scarcely lon-
ger than the second. a little stouter, joints 3-4 equal, a little longer than the outer
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. NOVEMBEK. 1H96.
396 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
joints, which are widened toward the clava, tlie latter sh<)rt, ovoidal. Head
densely scaly, channeled between the eyes; prothorax one-half wider tlian long,
rounded on the sides, broadly constricted at the apex, lateral tubercles small,
acute, dorsal channel extending from base to about the middle, disc densely punc-
tured, a spot of pale scales in front of lateral tubercles. Elytra less than one-
third wider at the base than the prothorax and a little longer than wide, striae
impressed, punctures not distinct, interspaces flattened, an ill-deiined spot of
condensed scales near the base and at the end of the tliird interspace and two-
fifths from the base on the fifth and ninth interspaces: tibia widened from the
base to the apex, posterior pair with a large rectangular tooth one-third above
the apex, tarsi rather slender, fourth joint as long as the two preceding joints
together; jiygidium densely ])unctured. Length 3.5 mm. ; 0.14 inch.
%. Last ventral segment with a broad, feebly impressed fovea; middle and
posterior tibias not unguiculate at tip.
Hah. — Montana.
Three females in Dr. Horn'.s coll. Distinguished from all others
by the large rectangular tooth of the hind tibiae.
A. ilex n. sp. PI. xii, fig. 8. — Agrees with the preceding species in size and
form; upper surface more densely scaly, scales pale brown and grayish white in
about equal proportion; underside as in griseus ; beak densely punctured, sub-
carinate, pubescent, orbital margin acutely elevated, front broadly concave; pro-
thorax as in griseus, narrowly and not very strongly constricted at the apex.
Elytral strise le:?s impressed and with the punctures more or less concealed by
the scaly vestiture, interspaces flattened, anterior three-fifths with the exception
of the sutural interspace more conspicuously mottled, latter and apical two-fifths
more uniformly pale gray; posterior tibise conspicuously widened toward the
apex, forming a large triangular tooth, the distal margin of which forms an
almost straight line to the apex. Length 3.5 mm. ; 0.14 inch.
% . Last ventral segment feebly impressed ; middle and posterior tibiae not
unguiculate at the apex.
Hub. — Montana.
A male specimen in my coll. The form of the posterior tibia?
reacblv distinguished in this species. Its nearest ally is griseun, from
which, aside of til)ial structure, it differs by the brqadly concave
front, acutely elevated orbital margin, the narrow and less sharply
defined apical constriction of the {)roth()rax and sexual differences
in the male.
.4. ciirliiw (iyll. ri. xii, fig. 10. — Broadly oval, dark ])iceous, antennae and
legs reddish brown, ratlier densely clothed with very small. broMn and ))ale cine-
reous or ochreous scales, underside densely (clothed with oval, ashy-gray or pale
yellowish scales. Beak stout, somewhat flattened above, densel.v .scaly and scarcely
tapering toward the apex in the male, cylindrical, strongly tapering and shining
beyond the antennal insertion in the female ; antennae inserted two-fifths from
the apex ( % ), or at the middle ( 9 )i stout, first joint of funicle robust, scarcely
longer than the second joint, joints 3 7 short, widened outwardly, orbital margin
elevated, front moderately concave between the eyes ; prothorax convex, less than
AMKKICAN C'OLEOI'TKKA. 897
one-lialf wider than loiifc. broadly rouinU'd on the sides, apex widely but less
strontrly constricted, tubercles acute, dorsnl channel entire, narrowed and more
superficial anteriorly, disc densely punctured and scaly, scales elongate, iiiliCorni.
four s]>ots of pale scales in a transver.se line innnediately in front of the lateral
tubercles, another row of three spots behind the apical niarjrin. Elytra two-fifths
wider at the base than the prothorax at its base, scarcely wider than lonfi, rather
stroufily narrowed posteriorly, strise in)i)ressed with a row of scales concealing
more or less the rather large punctures. intersi)aces convex, alternately wider and
a little more convex, surface mottled in nearly ecjual proportion with pale and
dark scales. Legs rather stout, densely clothed with scale-like i)ul>esceiice, tibige
widened from the base towards the ajtex. middle and posterior with a broad tri-
angular tooth, acutely eniarginate above the a])ex, tarsi moderately stout, the
fourth joint scarcely longei' than the two j)receditig two joints together, third
not very broadly bilobed ; pygidiuin coarsely and not very densely j)unctured
Length 3.0-3.5 mm. ; 0.12-0.14 inch.
%. Fifth ventral segment feebly impressed, middle and posterior tibise ungu
iculatc at the a])ex.
Hub. — District of Coluinbia, IMaryluiul, Illinois, KcMittickv, Ari-
zona, Montana.
Xuniorous specimens are before me. Differs somewhat in size and
apj)earance acttonling to the preponderating color of the scales. A
sj)ecimen in my coll. from Montana has the interspaces more flattened
and less iiiuMpial ; punctures more distinct. Gyllenhall's description*
applies rather to arf-p/ia/ns than to the jjresent species.
A. accpliallis Say. PI. xii, figs. 9. 9a iind 96. — Broadly oval, blackish, legs
rufopiceous, above clothed with i)ale. ashy-gray or yellowish .scales, unicolorous
or mottled in varying proportions with dark brown ; scales coarse pilifoi-m on the
prothorax, smaller and oval, or elongate oval on the elytra, underside densely
clothed with large, oval, ashy-gray s(Mles. Beak rather long, stout, cylindrical,
and entirely scaly in the male, more slender, conspicuously tapering and shining
in its apical half; in the female, antennte inserted at the middle ( % ), or two-
fifths from the base ( 9), first and second joints of funicle elongate, joints three
and four equal, not longer than wide, joints 5-7 short, gradually wider, club
ovoidal, subacuminate ; upper margin of eye not elevated above the level of the
front, the latter flattened or longitudinally impressed; prothorax convex, more
than one-half wider than long, about twice as wide at the base than at the apex,
hind angles rectangular, sides regularly rounded, strongly, but not broadly con-
stricted at the apex, dorsal sulcus distinct, nmre deeply impressed at the base,
nearly obsolete in front, lateral tubercles small, inconspicuous, a fovea-like im-
pression in front of each tubercle; surface den.sely punctured, punctures mod-
erately large. Elytra about one-fifth wider at the base than the prothorax.
scarcely as long as wide and markedly narrowed posteriorly, stria; wide, im-
pressed. es])ecially at the base. i)unctures.not very evident, small: intersjiaces
equal, flattened ; pygidiuni convex, coarsely punctured. Legs moderately stout,
tibiiE gradually widened toward the ajiex. middle tibia? eniarginate above the
apex, posterior subangulate, not eniarginate; tarsi stout, joints two and three
••'■ Schoenb. Curcul. vol. iv, p. 289.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. NOVEMBER, l«96
898 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
rather short, fourth not longer than the two preceding joints together. Length
3.0 3.75 mm. ; 0.12-0.15 inch.
% . Ventral segments 2-5 broadly impressed and clothed with long, grayish
or fulvous pubescence, middle and posterior tibiae unguiculate at the apex.
Hab.- — Ea.'^terii, Middle and Western States.
A careful comparison with Say's descrijjtion, supplemented by
those of Gcrmar* and Bohemann,t leaves no doubt in my mind that
this is Say's species. It varies considerably in size, Say's statement
— "length more than one-tenth inch" — is too indefinite. The size
as given by Germar — "magnitudive dellodk (/utti(la'" agrees, al-
though the foot-note, " mihi invisa" makes it difficult to discover the
source of his information unless based on Say's original description.
C sabulirostris Sch. applies to the female ; it does not differ otherwise.
This species may readily be distinguished from all the preceding
species by the posterior tibise being sinjply subangidate and rather
slender ; from all the following by the much stouter tarsi and on the
whole larger size. The impressed abdomen of the male with its long-
pubescence occurs in other species.
A form occurring in Utah and Colorado differs considerably from
the typical.
Var. tenebrosm. — Dorsal channel of the ])rothorax reduced to a
well defined and deeply impressed basal fovea, prothorax more
strongly convex and very densely and finely punctured, the scaly
vestiture is much finer and more sparse, scarcely at all mottled, giv-
ing the whole insect a much darker appearance. This may possibly
be C. /e/;ro,s«,s Boh., the descriptive phrase " thorace non canalicu-
lata" being a])plicable to the variety under consideration, but the
im])ression at the base of the prothorax is superficial. I have not
been able to identify this species with any specimen before me. A
specimen in the National Museum collection bcai's tlie cal)inct label,
" C. lepro.nis,'' but the prothorax is distinctly canaliculate, the scaly
vestiture a dirty ochreous. Why Bohemann should refer this spe-
cies to Say as its author is difficult to understand, as I have been
unable to discover any species described under that name in Say's
writings.
A. tarsaliM n. sp. I'l. xii, fig. 11. — Broadly oval, black, antennse and legs
rufopiceous. clothed with grayish white scales, larger and very dense on the un-
derside, smaller and less crowded above. Beak rather slender, subcarinate,
densely punctured and scaly in its basal half, tapering, more finely punctuied
"■■•■ Schoenb., gen. et spetfl Curcul. vol. iv, 1, p. 289.
t Ibid. vol. viii, 1, p. 394.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 399
and sbinin<r toward the apex, anteniiie moderately stout, inserted Just before* the
middle, first joint of funicle stout, following joints of about equal thickness, 2-4
a little longer than the outer joints, which are not widened, club ovoidal. Head
convex, punctured and scaly, orbital margin not elevated, front not concave;
prothorax convex, less than one-half wider than long, regularly rounded on the
sides, sharply though not broadly constricted at the apex, dorsal channel deeply
im])ressed in its basal fourth, indistinct beyond, lateral tubercles inconspicuous,
small, a superficial fovea-like im])ression with condensed white scales in front of
each, surface densely and finely punctured, each puncture bearing an elongate
scale. Elytra nearly one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, a little wider
than long, feebly rounded on the sides and narrowed from the humeral callus
posteriorly, stri.e impressed, punctured, not concealed by the scales, interspaces
somewhat convex, equal, rugose, scales not condensed into spots; pygidium
densely punctured; tihiai nearly parallel, middle and posterior tibite feebly
emarginate above the apex, outer angle produced, tarsi very slender, fourth joint
conspicuously longer than the two preceding joints. Length 3.5 mm. ; 0.14 inch.
% . Last ventral segment slightly foveate near the tip; middle and posterior
tibite unguiculate at the apex.
Hub. — Texa.s. A male spofinien in Dr. Horn's coll. bearino: the
cabinet label, "C acephalus Say," from which it differs by the " very
slender tarsi and elongate fourth joint and the more convex elytral
interstices. It is much more robust than any of the following species,
from winch it also differs in the absence of all elytral spots.
A. giittaf IIK n. sp. PI. xii. fig. 3. — Oblong oval, piceous, antenna? and legs
rufo-testaceous, densely clothed above with small, pale straw-colored scales, va-
riegated on the elytra with spots of paler scales, underside densely clothed with
large, cream-colored scales. Beak rather slender, cylindrical and scaly nearly to
the tip in the male, attenuated and shining beyond the insertion of the antennae
in the female; antennte slender, inserted at the middle {%), or two-fifths from
the base ( 9 ). fii'st and second joints of funicle distinctly elongate, joints 3 and 4
about eijual, outer joints a little wider, club stout, ovoidal ; prothorax wider than
long, rounded on the sides, narrowly constricted at the apex : surface closely but
not very finely punctured, dorsal channel well impressed posteriorly, nearly ob-
solete in front, lateral tubercles very small, a transverse row of four spots and
base of dorsal sulcus clothed with pale scales. Elytra less than one-third wider
at the base than the prothorax and a little longer than wide, narrowed posteriorly,
strise well impre.ssed, wide, not concealed by the scales, distinctly punctured,
punctures small, each bearing a white oval scale, interspaces flattened, about equal
in width, the pale spots are arranged as follows: one near the base and another
at the apiex of the third insterspace, another spot on the fifth and ninth inter-
spaces, two-fifths from the base: pygidium closely punctured and scaly. Legs
densely scaly; tibise slender, middle emarginate above the apex, outer apical
angle acute, posterior tibia> distinctly angulate, tarsi long and slender, third joint
not broadly bilobed, fourth longer than the two preceding joints together, tooth
very slender. Length 3.25-3.5 mm.; 0.13-0.14 inch.
■To avoid misunderstanding, the expression "'inserted before the middle"
means ''nearer the base," beyond the middle "nearer the apex."
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. NOVEMBER, 1896.
400 WI]-T>IAM <;. DIETZ, M.D.
%. Last ventral segment broadly inijiressed, niiddic and posterior tibia' uu-
guiculate at the apex.
Hdh. — Texas. Two sjHH'iiiit'iis in ^Iv. Ulkc's collection.
A. poi'pIoxiiK n. sp. — Oblong oval, blackish, antennse and legs rnfons,
densely clot lied al)ove and beneath with rather large, oval, grayish white scales,
more ochreons on the anterior part of the prothorax and head. Beak somewhat
slender, densely scaly in its basal half, attenuated and glabrous toward the a]>ex
( 9 ), antenna" slender, inserted about the middle ( 9 ) of the beak, first joint of
funicle stouter, elongate, second a little longer than either of the two following
joints, outer joints very little wider, club ovoidal, acuminate. Head convex,
densely scaly, orbital margin not elevat(^d, front flattened ; prothorax distinctly
wider than lo7ig, broadly rounded from the base to the apical constriction, which
is strong and broad, dorsal sulcus entire, foveiform at the base, less distinct on
the disc, lateral tubercles conspicuous, a rather distinct and well impressed fovea
in front of each ; surface densely punctured, each puncture bearing a broadly
oval scale, an ill-defined dark line behind and in front of each tubercle. Elytra
about one-fourth wider at the base thtin the prothorax, longer than wide, nar-
rowed and scarcely rounded on the sides behind the humeral callus; striae not
deeply impressed, nearly concealed by the scales, punctures fine, not distinct,
interspaces flattened and equal on the disc, a little convex and subequal toward
the apex, humeral spot, a small inconspicuous spot at base of first interspace, one
near the base and another near the apex of the third, an elongate spot on the fifth
about two-fifths from the base, another on the seventh and on the ninth inter-
spaces and arranged in an ol)lique line of condensed whitish scales; pygidium
convex, densely punctured and scaly. Legs slender, middle tibiaj very slightly
emarginate above the apex, outer angle not acute, posterior tibia} simple, tarsi
slender, piceous, third joint not broadly bilobed, fourth a little longer than the
two preceding joints together. Length 3.25 mm. ; 0.13 inch.
Huh. — Nebraska, C-alifornia.
Two female sj)eciniens in Mr. Ulke's coll. Clearly resembles (jut-
tatas, and from which it diiiers merely in the scales being grayish
white, finer elytral strise anil the feebly emarginate middle tibiie;
there is also a distinct spot about the middle of the seventh inter-
space ; one specimen has the legs testaceous.
A. ilit'inli<!ll« n. sp. — Oblong oval, dark ])iceous. legs rufo-jiiceous. above
densely clothed with small, dark brown .scales mottled with spots of pale scales;
scales on the underside large, dirty white. Beak scaly and punctured from the
base to the insertion of the antennae, tapering and more finely punctured toward
the apex, more so in the female; antennte inserted just i)efore the middle {%),
or scarcely more than one-third from the base ( 9) ! 'ii'^'t joint of funicle stout,
second slender, elongate, outer joints gradually shorter and wider, seventh joint
nearly twice the thickness of the second, club ovoidal. Eyes large, up])er margin
raised a trifle above the level of front, latter broadly concave, a spot above each
eye and median line of pale scales; prothorax as long as wide at the base, well
rounded on the sides, widest a little behind the middle, apex broadly and deeidy
constricted, posterior tubercles minute, nearly obsolete, doi-sal ehanncd well im-
i
I
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 401
pressed at the base, narrower and very superficial in its anterior tvvo-tliirds, disc
densely puiictured. punctures rather fine, a transverse row of four pale spots
immediately behind the middle, some pale scales along the median line and on
the sides in front. Elytra a little more than one-fourth wider at the base than
the prothorax, about as long as wide, humeri oblique, feebly rounded and gradu-
ally narrowed on the sides from the humeral callus posteriorly ; striaj wide, deeply
impressed, closelj* and distinctly punctured, interspaces convex, not obviously
uiie<iual ; spots of pale scales arranged as in perplexus ; pygidiuin convex, densely
and finely punctured ; femora annulate with white scales near the apex, the pos-
terior pair rather strongly incrassate, tibise (piite slender, middle emarginate
above the apex, posterior subangulate, tarsi slender, more dusky at the ajjcx.
second joint shorter than either the first or third, the latter more broadly bi-
lobed, fourth a little longer than the two preceding joints together. Lengtli ^.75-
3.0 mm.; 0.11-0.12 inch.
%. Last ventral segment with a rounded, well defined ajjical fovea, middle
and posterior tibise feebly unguiculate at the apex.
Hab. — Georgia, Columbus Texas, Florida.
jMr. Ulke's Nat. Mus. and my own collections. Four specimen.s
ai'e before me. Recognizable by the predominant dark brown color
of its .scales, rather small size and the distinctly widened outer joints
of the antennal funicle.
A. |>ii!<iilliis n. sp. PI. xii, (ig. 4. — Moderately robust, oval, pitchy black,
legs bright rufous, above densely scaly, scales dark brown intermixed with pale;
underside, scales ashy-gray, not crowded. Beak rather slender ( 9 ), scaly toward
the base, tapering and shining toward the apex, anteniue moderately stout, first
and second joints of funicle slightly elongate, following joints shorter, gradually
wider, club short, oval ; orbital ridge elevated, front concave between the eyes,
occipital carina not obvious; prothorax fully as long as wide, narrowed from the
base to the apex, latter not obviously constricted, sides broadly rounded, trans-
versely impressed behind the apical margin, lateral tubercles small but distinct,
dorsal channel deeply impressed, foveiform in its basal third, obsolete in front,
disc densely punctured, a spot of pale scales in front of each tubercle and each
side of median line and from which extends an ill-defined dark line toward the
base. Elytra about one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, scarcely as
long as wide, rounded on the sides towards the apex, strife rather fine not deeply
impressed, distinctly punctured, punctures not closely approximate, interspaces a
little convex, a white spot of condensed scales near the base and another near the
apex of the third interspace, sutural interspace darker; anterior and middle
femora rather slender, posterior decidedly stouter, tibia; slender, middle very
feebly, posterior more strongly subangulate, tarsi slender, third joint more broadly
bilobed, fourth as long as the two preceding joints. Length 2.5 mm. ; 0.10 inch.
Hub. — Texas.
A female s[)ecimen in Mr. Ulke's coll. Resembles the preceding
species, but the i)n)th()rax is not constricted at the apex, the elytra
more finely .striate and without distinct spots on the fifth and ninth
interspaces and the darker cohn- of the sutural interspace. The
occipital carina is noi evident.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (51) NOVEMBER. 1H96.
402 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
AUL.EIJTES gen. nov.
This geuus is distinguished from Oeliodes by the formation of the
ventral segments. Tlie beak is rather stout, feebly curved and cy-
lindrical. Eyes moderately convex, rarely (epilobii) more promi-
nent, with elevated orbital margin, partly or entirely concealed in
repose according to the development of the prothoracic lobes ; pro-
thorax evenly convex, lateral tubercles distinct ; scutel distinct in
some, not visible in others. Elytra somewhat suddenly wider at the
base than the prothorax, striato-punctate ; pectoral canal deeply ex-
cavate, sharply limited laterally, extending upon the metasternum,
more rarely to the mesosternum only ; middle coxse more widely sepa-
rated than the anterior and never very closely approximate to the
latter ; second ventral segment shorter than the two following united,
the third narrowed at the sides, not or narrowly attaining the lateral
margin. Legs generally slender, middle and posterior tibije emar-
ginate above the apex ; tarsi variable.
The species are dark colored insects, thinly clothed with a fine
squaniiform pubescence. I have divided them according to the for-
mation of the metasternum into two groups, as follows :
Metasternum distinctly excavate and emarginate, forming the posterior limit of
the pectoral sulcus. Elytra evidently roughened (except epilobii). PI. xii,
fig. 14 Group I.
Metasternum not, or very feebly emarginate, not entering into the formations of
the pectoral canal. Elytra not asperate. PI. xii, fig. 14« Group II.
Group I.
Contains the larger number of species, which, while exhibiting
considerable differences in structure, agree in having the metaster-
num emarginate and more or less excavate. The elytra are rough-
ened in nearly all by tubercles, or small, acute granules.
The species are distinguished as follows :
Anterior and middle tibiis not subangulate near the base, eyes not prominent,
front not concave.
Larger species, claws armed with a long, slender tooth, almost bifid, protho-
racic lobes feeble, eyes only partially concealed in repose.
Funicle T-jointed.
Alternate clytral interstices wider and more conspicuously tubcrculate.
Larger, prothorax less coarsely i)unctured, anterior tibise curved, slender,
elytral tubercles small. PI. xii, fig. 15 curvipcs.
Smaller, j)rothorax coarsely punctured, anterior tibiie straight, elytral
tubercles large, distinct. PI. xii. 15a as|>er.
Interspaces equal, or nearly so; i)rothorax coarsely punctured.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 403
Stouter, prothomx distinctly wirier tlmu long, elytra! asi)eritics more
obvious teiiuipes.
Less robust, protborax very little wider tlian long ttter.
Funicle 6-jointed tiiberculatus.
Smaller species, claws arranged witb a sliort tootb, postocular lobes prominent,
eyes concealed in repose.
Black, cruciform scutellar spot and lateral fascia wliite. PI. xii. fig. l:i.
siibtaNciatiis.
Dark brown, sutural spot and scattered, erect scales, wbite. I'l. xii, tig. i;5.
tacliygoiioifleiii.
Anterior and middle tibiae subangulate near the base. PI. xii, figs. 1")6 and l.^c.
Larger, head convex, without elevated orbital margin, elytral inters[)ac('s rough-
ened with small tubercles loiigiroNtriM.
Smaller, front concsive between the eyes, latter with elevated ridges, elytra
without evident asperities, a cruciform scutellar spot of white scales.
epilobii.
A. eiirvipes n. sj). PI. xii, fig. 1.1. — Broadly oval, black, antenuai and legs
dark rufous; above thinly clothed with whitish pubescence, a large scutellar spot
and some scattered ill-defined spots of condensed, larger scales, underside clothed
with larger .scales. Beak stout, rather short, slightly curved, finely subcarinate
in almost its entire length, striate each side towards the base, the latter squamous,
coareely punctured, glabrous at the apex, scrobes suboblique, antennae slender,
inserted at the middle, scape directed against the lower angle of the eye, funicle
7-joiiited, joints 1-4 elongate, outer joints .short, club oval. Eyes not prominent,
only partially concealed in repose. Head coarsely punctured, front slightly con-
cave between the eyes, the latter without elevated ridges; prothorax one-half
wider than long, less than one-third wider at tlie base than at the apex, narrowed
fnmi the basal third to the apical constriction, the latter broad, conspicuous, lat-
eral tubercles large, i)rominent, dorsal sulcus almost entire, but distinct at the
l>ase only, surface evenly, densely and rather coarsely punctured, each puncture
l)earing a fine short hair, a few i)ale condensed scales in front of the scutel, which
is very small. Elytra one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, regularly
rounded on the .sides and narrowed to the apex, strise impressed, closely punctured,
interspaces somewhat convex, alternately a little wider, each with a row of very
small, but acute granules, more evident on the wider interspaces and on the de-
clivity, each bearing a short procumbent seta; pygidium not coarsely itunctured
with a longitudinal, feebly impressed sulcus; underside very coarsely punctured,
anterior til)iie long and curved, middle and jxjsterior tibiae with a triangular tooth
and emargination above the apex, tarsi very slender, first joint nuich longer than
the second, third broadly bilobed, fourth shorter than the two preceding joints
together, claws with a long, slender tooth. Length ."J.O mm. ; 0.12 inch.
% . Abdomen flattened along the middle, fifth segment with broad semicircular
fovea, middle and posterior tibise unguiculate at the tip.
Hab. — Texas.
A male specimen in Dr. Horn's coll. ; it hears the cat)inc't label,
" C. tennipes Lee," from which it (litters by its much smaller elytral
tubercles, greater size, curved anterior tibi;e and much more slender
tarsi; the anterior tibiie have a very small apical hook.
TRANS. AM. KNT. soc. XXIII. XOVE.MBER, 1896.
404 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
A. asper Lee. PL xii, fig. 1.5a. — Broadly oval, robust, black with some
lustre, antennse and legs scarcely paler, thinly pubescent above, conspicuously
mottled ou the elytra with whitish scales. Beak stout, rather short, cylindrical,
slightly curved, carinate. striate each side, punctured and pubescent, glabrous at
the apex, scrobes suboblique ; antenuie not very slender, inserted about the mid-
dle, funicle 7-,iointed, joints 1-2 stouter and longer, following joints shorter, club
ovoidal, acuminate. Head densely and rather coarsely punctured, somewhat
concave between tlie eyes, these only partially covered in repose and without
elevated orbital ridges ; prothoras a trifle wider than long and about two-fifths
wider at the base than at the apex, feebly rounded on the sides, broadly but not
distinctly constricted at the apex, postocular lobes nearly obsolete, lateral tuber-
cles acute, distinct, dorsal channel narrow, ill-defined, except at the base, surface
densely but not coarsely punctured and thinly pubescent, a median line and four
ill-defined spots arranged in a transverse line, of whitish scales; scutel minute,
scarcely visible. Elytra nearly one-third wider at the base than the prothorax.
about as long as wide, rounded on the sides from the humeral callus to the apex,
deeply striate, strise closely and rather coarsely punctured, interspaces convex,
alternately wider, each with a row of large, acute and somewhat remote tuber-
cles, those of the broader interspaces larger and more numerous, partially obso-
lete on the narrower interspaces, each bearing a bristle-like hair on its summit, a
transverse scutellar spot, sutural interspace and less defined spots and lijies of
white scales: pygidium densely but not coarsely punctured with a longitudinal,
ridge-like elevation ; underside rather coarsely punctured ; tibia; nearly straight,
subparijllel. outer angle of anterior pair acutely produced, middle and posterior
feebly emarginate above the apex, tarsi moderately slender, third joint less
broadly bilobed, fourth as long as the two preceding joints together, claws armed
with a long slender tooth, nearly as long as the claw itself. Length 2.0-2.5 mm. ;
0.08-0.10 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with a small ill-defined fovea, middle and posterior
tibise unguiculate at the apex.
Hab. — Canada, Iowa, Kaii.sas, Colorado, Montana, jNIissouri.
Numerous specimens are before me. The obviously tuberculate
and mottled elytra make this species readily recognizable. The only
species to which the present bears a close resemblance in the tuber-
culate elytra, is tuberctdatus, from which it differs in the T-jointed
funicle. The j)roduced outer angle of the anterior tibiie bears no
resemblance to the process of Acantho>icelh<. A specimen in the
Nat. Museum coll. bears the label " an Ej)ilobiiun."
A. loiiuipe!^ Lee. PL xii, fig 14. — Oval, entirely pitchy black above, very
thinly clothed with fine, pale pubescence, interspersed with white scales, under-
side more densely scaly. Beak rather long and stout, slightly curved, cylindrical
and punctured throughout in the male, slightly tapering and shining toward the
apex in the female, a distinct median elevated line and more obscure lateral one
each side ; .scrobes parallel, antennse not slender, inserted a trifle before ( 9 ). or
beyond (%) the middle, funicle 7-jointed, joints 1-2 elongate, stout, outer joints
shorter; eyes scarcely convex, without elevated ridges, only partially concealed
in repose. Head densely punctured, front flattened ; prothorax scarcely wider
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 405
tlian lone, one-tliird wider at the base than at the apex, sides broadly rounded,
ai)ic;al constriction wide and distinct, apical margin feebly eniarginate ut the mid-
dle, indistinctly bicusjiid ; lateral tubercles quite distinct, acute, doi'Siil channel
irregular, well impressed in its basal third, obsolete anteriorly, a transverse im-
pression in front of each lateral tubercle, surface very coarsely punctured, espe-
cially towards the base, punctures more crowded on the sides in front and on the
ajiical constriction ; scutel punctiform. Elytra nearly one-fourth wider at the
base than the prothorax, not longer than wide, feebly rounded on the sides and
conspicuously narrowed towards the apex, strise very wide, coarsely and closely
])Uiu'tured, interspaces convex, nearly ecjually wide, each with a row of small,
but acute granules, which are larger and more closely placed near the base than
on the disc, each bearing a short, seta-like hair, a cruciform scutellar spot of
whitish scales, the arms of which are .somewhat oblique, another oblique, more or
less interrupted spot of similar scales, about two-fifths from the base and extend-
iTig from the seventh to the ninth interspaces, some ill-defined transverse lines
on the disc; pygidium coarsely but not closely punctured, longitudinally grooved
( '^ ) or convex ( 9 ) ; underside not closely punctured, punctures large; pectoral
canal extending upon the metasternum. Legs long and slender, tibise straight,
slightly curved near the base, middle and posterior broadly emarginate above the
apex, tarsi slender, fourth joint shorter than the two preceding joints together,
claws armed with a long tooth. Length 2.5-3.0 mm. ; 0.10-0.12 inch.
%. Last ventral segment broadly impressed, middle and po.sterior tibiai un-
guicnlate at the apex.
Hub. — Texas, Missouri, Georgia.
Closely related to the next species, from which it differs by its
more robiLst form and the elytral interspaces with a row of distinct
tubercles. From longirodris, to which also it bears considerable
resemblance, it differs by the stouter and less elongate beak, and by
the til)ije not subangulate near the base. In some specimens the
elytral markings are quite effaced, in a few others the obliipie lateral
spot of the elytra is interruptedly connected with the cruciform scu-
tellar spot, forming thus an angulated l)aiid similar to that seen in
Cent. (i»r/nhitn--< and its allies.
A. afer n. sp. — Very similar to the preceding species, from which it differs
as follows: subrhomboidal, more strongly narrowed posteriorly. Beak a little
shorter; prothorax distinctly wider than long, more rounded on the sides, dorsal
channel quite obvious, entire. Elytral interspaces not distinctly tuberculate, but
with rows of close set, very minute, acute asperities, scutellar spot not cruciform,
confined to the siitural interspace. Length 15.0 mm. ; 0.12 inch.
% as in teniiipet:.
Hab. — Hazleton, Pa. ; Connecticut.
Five specimens in my coll. not differing in size. Agrees with
longirosfri^ in the elytral asperities and entire dorsal channel of tlu'
prothorax, but is at once distinguished by the mueh stouter and
shorter beak of the female and the anterior and middle tibiae not
being subanguhito near the base.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. NOVEMBEE, 1896.
406 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
A. tnberciilatiis u. sp. — Rhoniboidal, robust, black, anteniife and legs pi-
ceous, upper surface very sparsely and finely pubescent, pubescence intermixed
with large pale scales, underside clothed with dirt-colored scales. Beak stout, not
quite as long as the prothoi^ax. slightly widened towards the apex, distinctly
cariuate, finely striate each side, punctured ; antennje slender, funicle 6-jointed,
first joint stout, elongate, joints 2-3 shorter and more slender, three outer joints
widened towards the clava, latter elliiitic, acuminate ; eyes only partially con-
cealed in repose. Head convex, finely and sub-confluently punctured ; prothorax
one-half wider than long, rounded on the sides, broadly constricted at the apex,
anterior margin entire, subangulate each side, lateral tubercles distinct, acute,
dorsal channel evident from base to apical constriction ; disc closely and not very
coarsely punctured ; scutel not visible. Elytra little more than one-fourth wider
at the base than the prothorax, scarcely rounded on the sides and very distinctly
narrowed posteriorly, striae feebly impressed, punctures not distinct, interspaces
a little convex, about equal in width, each with a row of large conical tubercles
interrupted by a transverse belt before the declivity, tubercles without setae,
spaces between the tubercles rugulose; pygidium and under surfrce not coarsely
punctured. Legs long, tibiae very slender, middle and posterior not emarginate
above the apex, tarsi slender, third joint not very broadly bilobed, fourth shorter
than the two preceding joints combined, claws armed with a long slender tooth.
Length 2.5 mm. ; 0.10 inch.
Hab. — Arizona.
A female s]>ecimen in Dr. Horn'.s coll. The occurrence of a spe-
cies with 6-jointed antenna! funicle in the subtribe Conliodes is rather
auonialous. Its nearest ally is asper, which it resembles in its promi-
nent and conspicuous elytral tubercles, and from which it ditiers aside
from the 6-joiuted funicle by its broader form, equal elytral inter-
spaces, the tubercles not setiferous, and the simple middle and poste-
rior tibiffi.
A. siibraseiatiis n. sp. PI. xii, fig. 12.— Broadly oval, pitchy black, legs
piceous, tarsi paler; very thinly clothed with a very fine and short pubescence-
elytra with j)atterns of large white scales. Beak elongate, stout, about as long as
the prothorax, slightly widened towards the apex, coarsely sculptured, substriate,
stria; irregular, with intervening elevated lines, glabrous in its ai)ical third. Eyes
concealed in repose. Head convex, coarsely punctured ; prothorax more than
one-half wider than long, about one-fourth wider at the base than at the ai)ex.
rounded on the sides, broadly and not strongly constricted at the apex, postoc^ular
lobes strongly developed, apical margin with two minute, rather distinct cusps,
lateral tubercles distinct, dorsal channel ill-defined ; surface very coarsely punc-
tured; scutel not evident. Elytra one-third wider at the base than the pi'otho-
rax, not longer than wide, humeri very prominent, rounded on the sides from
the humeral prominence to the apex, striae deep, not wide, punctures rather
small, interspaces convex, each with a row of very small, acute granules, each
bearing a conspicuous, short hair, a cruciform spot of white scales, the transverse
bar about one-third from the base and narrowly separated from an interrupted,
lateral fascia a little before the middle ; pygidium with large, not close set punc-
tures, more strongly convex in the female ; pectoral canal extending upon the
AMERICAN COLEOPTKRA. 407
metasternum : underside coarsely punctured. Legs slender, tibise subparallel,
middle and ])osterior scarcely eniar<;inate above the apex, tai-si slender, third
broadly bilobed, fourth shorter than the two preceding joints combined, claws
with a short, median tooth. Leiigth 1.75-2.0 mm.; 0.08 inch.
%. Last ventral segment with a small, rounded and deejtly impressed fovea.
Hab. — i\rarvland ; Detroit, Mich.
A male and female specimen are before me, one in the Nat. Mus.
coll., the other in my own. A very distinct species, easily reeojiiiized
by its robust form, small size, long and stout beak, prominent ocular
lobes, elytral ornamentation and short clawal tooth. I regret that
I have not been able to expose the antenna? for examination without
great risk of destroying the specimen ; for the same reason I have
been unable to examine the tibiie of the male.
A. tacliygonoi<Ies n. sp. PI. xii, fig. 13.— Broadly oval, dark, piceous,
anteniue and legs rufo-jiiceous. above sparsely clothed with fine pubescence, in-
terspersed with large, white, erect scales on the elytra ; underside sparsely scaly.
Beak stout, shorter than the prothorax, a little widened toward the apex in the
male, very finely striate and punctured, scrobes expanded posteriorly, antennse
inserted at the middle ( % ), rather slender, funicle 7-jointed, joints 1-4 a little
elongated. 5-7 short, club oval, subacuminate. Eyes concealed in repose, poste-
rior margin elevated, free. Head convex, finely and not very closely punctured ;
prothorax as in subfasciatiis, punctures a trifle smaller: scutel very small. Elytra
less than one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, a little wider than long,
rounded on the sides to the apex, striie deep, closely punctured, interspaces con-
vex, very rugose, each with a row of very small, acute granules, each bearing a
short hair on its summit, a conspicuous white line on the sutural interspace ex-
tending about one-third its length ; pygidiuni neither coarsely nor densely punc-
tured, subciirinate in the female, sinijily convex in the male: pectoral groove
extending upon the metasternunj : underside not coarsely punctured, punctures
rather superficial, somewhat distant on the sternal side-pieces, arranged in rows
on the ventral segments. Legs, tarsi and claws as in the preceding species.
Length 1.75 2.0 mm. : 0.07-0.08 inch.
% . Last ventral .segment not impressed, middle and posterior tibire not un-
guiculate at the apex.
Hab. — District of Columbia (Ulke), Texas (Nat. Mus. coll.).
One male and two females are before me, similar to but quite dis-
tinct from subfasciatns, from which it is distinguished by its much
shorter beak, different elytral ornamentation and the presence of
scattered, erect scales on the elytra.
A. longirostris n. sp. PI. xii. fig. 1.5/>.— Robu.st, oval, entirely pitchy
black, above very sparingly clothed with a very short, fine pubescence, underside
very coai-sely punctured with few scattered .scales, legs more densely pubescent.
Beak slender, longer than the prothorax ( 9 )• curved, indistinctly subcarinate
about the middle third, striolato-punctate, scrobes subparallel, directed against
the eyes, antennse slender, inseited two-fifths from the base ( 9 )> funicle 7-jointed
TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. NOVEMBKK, 1896.
408 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
joints 1-2 elongate, 3-4 short, equal, outer joints scarcely wider. Eyes flattened,
not concealed in repose, orbits margined. Head densely punctured, more coarsely
on the front ; prothorax fully one-half wider than long, less than one-third wider
at the base than at the apex, rounded on the sides, broadly and distinctly con-
stricted at the apex, anterior margin slightly eniarginate, postocular lobes very
feeble, lateral tubercles acute, prominent, dorsal channel entire, less obvious on
the disc, foveiform anteriorly, surface rather densely and not coarsely punctured ;
scutel not visible. Elytra about one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax,
feebly rounded on the sides, distinctly narrowed toward the apex, deeply striato-
punctate, punctures close set, interspaces convex, equal, rugose, each with a row
of small, acute granules, scutellar region depressed with an indistinct spot of pale
scales; pectoral canal extending upon the metasternum ; j)ygidium coarsely punc-
tured, carinate in its apical half. Legs long, anterior and middle tibise parallel,
subangulate near the base, middle feebly emarginate above the apex, posterior
curved, acutely angulated and deeply emarginate above the apex, tarsi slender,
fourth joint shorter than the two preceding joints together. Length 2.75 mm. ;
0.11 inch.
Hah. — Texas.
A female specimen in the Nat. Mus. coll. ; it is almost entirely
deprived of scales, hence the al)ove description may not be fully :il>-
plicable in this respect to better preserved specimens. It is, how-
ever, readily di.stiuguished from all other species except the next, by
its very long and slender beak, and the angulate tibiae; from epilobii
it differs by its greater size, still more slender beak of the female,
the anterior margin of the prothorax feebly emarginate on the sides
and at the middle, the very convex head, scarcely prominent eyes,
without elevated orbital margin, deep elytral strise and distinct rows
of acute granules on the elytral interstices.
A. epilobii Payk. PI. xii. fig. 15c. — Oval, dark pi(reous. antennae and tarsi
rufous, above irregularly mottled with small white scales, underside not densely
scaly. Beak as long as the prothorax, rather slender, curved, cylindrical, bi-
striate and punctured, entirely scaly {%) or subglabrous toward the apex ( f )•
Eyes prominent, with acutely elevated orbital margin, not entirely concealed in
repose. Head moderately convex, densely punctured, front concave between
eyes; prothorax one-half wider than long, rounded on the sides, broadly and
distinctly constricted at the apex, anterior margin elevated and narrowly emar-
ginate, lateral tubercles distinct, acute, dorsal channel entire, not very distinct,
surface closely and not coarsely punctured, inconspicuously mottled with pale
scales; scutel punctiform. Elytra less than one-third wider at the base than the
prothoi'ax, longer than wide, sides nearly straight, obviously narrowed posteriorly,
stria' less deeply impressed, punctures small, closely approximate, interspaces
convex, alternately a little wider, rugulose, without distint^t granules, a very con-
spicuous, cruciform scutellar spot of white scales, a series of three spots of similar
scales and arranged in a curved line before the middle on the fifth, seventh and
ninth interspaces; the remaining surface indistinctly mottled : pygidium convex,
more finely and less densely punctured in the male, longitudinally impressed
AMERICAN COLKOPTERA. 409
and coai-sely punctured in the female; jiectoral sulcus extending upon the nieta-
sternum; underside with the exception of the first two ventral segnient^s rather
densely punctured ; tihiie flattened, anterior and middle sabangulate, posterior
rounded near the base, middle and posterior eniarginate above the apex, tarsi
stout, densely pilose, nuderneath with fulvous scales, third joint broadly bilobed,
fourth short, scarcely longer than the third, claws with a rather short tooth.
Length '2.:ir)-2.5 mm.; 0.09 0.10 inch.
Hdb. — Canada, Pennsylvania, Utah (Texas; Lake Sup., Lee).
Described by LeCoute as C. cruralis. Agrees in all j»articulai-s
with well authenticated specimens from various localities in Europe
in my collections. This species has the third ventral segment less
narrowed at the sides than in any other. The fifth ventral segment
has a fovea-like im[)ression in both sexes. A specimen in my col-
lection has the cruciform scutellar spot replaced by a sim})le basal
spot as in Rhirwncus ; it does not differ otherwise. The lateral spots
on the elytra are obsolete in some specimens.
Group II.
The few species constituting this group do not differ in general
habitus from those of the first. The metasternum is not excavate
for the reception of the apex of the beak ; the elytra are without
obvious asperities.
But two species belong here, which are distinguished as follows :
Larger, metasternum with an acute, transverse ridge, scales unicolorons, white.
iiasalis.
Smaller, metasternum flattened, scales brownish, mottled with white.
nebuIoi^iiM.
A. nasalis Lee. — Oval, black, antennae and legs i)iceous. scaly vestiture
sparse, scales on upper surface very small, hair-like, intermixed with larger, oval
scales. Beak not quite as long as the prothorax ( J), curved, slightly subangu-
late above, flattened, tricarinate and i)unctured in its basal half, ta])ering and
glabrous toward the apex, scrobes expanded posteriorly, forming somewhat of a
sulcus before the upper part of the eye ; antennse slender, inserted at the middle,
funicle 7-jointed, joints 1-4 elongate, first joint robust, second joint longer than
the others, outer joints scarcely wider, dub oval-elliptic, acuminate. Eyes
slightly convex, only partially covered in repose, without suj)erciliary ridges.
Head densely punctured, front flattened ; prothorax one-half wider than long,
rounded on the sides, distinctly constricted at the apex, ocular lobes almost obso-
lete, anterior margin not emarginate, lateral tubercles acute, a spot of condensed
scales in front of each, doi-sal channel wide, deeply impressed at the base, nar-
rowed and becoming evanescent in front, disc closely and coarsely punctured,
especially towards the base; scutel distinct, elytra one-tliird wider at the base
than the prothorax, longer than wide, feebly rounded on the sides and distinctly
narrowed toward the apex, strise deep, as wide as the interspaces, punctures dis-
tinct, rather large and not closely placed, interspaces convex, transversely rugose,
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOt:. XXIII. (52) NOVKMBKK, 1896
410 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
with a few, very minute granules towards the apex, a broad and conspicuous
sutural line, about one-third the length, of white scales; pygidium finely and
subconfJuently punctured ; pectoral canal deep, scarcely wider between the mid-
dle coxffi and not extending upon the metasternum, the latter with an acute
transverse ridge. Legs rather stout, anterior and middle tibiae subparallel, the
latter distinctly emarginate and subdentate above the apex, posterior a little
widened toward the apex with a triangular tooth and acute emargination above
the apex, tarsi slender, third joint broadly bilobed, fourth joint shorter than the
two preceding joints combined, claws with a slender tooth, scarcely two-thirds
the length of the claw. Length 3.0 3.25 mm. ; 0.12-0.13 inch.
9 . Third and fourth ventral segments glabrous at the middle, fifth foveate
before the apex.
Three specimens, all females, Dr. Horn's, Mr. Ulke's and Nat.
Mas. coll. are before me. In two specimens there is a spot of con-
densed scales on the third interspace near the ba.se, giving thereby
somewhat the appearance of a cruciform spot. The formation of
the metasternum distinguishes this species from all others of the
genus under consideration. Dr. LeConte decribes the elytral inter-
spaces as flat ; the}' are, however, convex.
A. iiebulosu!^ Lee. PI. xii, fig. 14a. — Oval, dark piceous, antennae testa-
ceous, above thinly clothed with very fine, brownish, hair-like scales, with a
brassy or cupreous lustre and mottled with spots of larger, whitish scales, under-
side finely and closely punctured, each puncture bearing a small, oval scale.
Beak longer than the prothorax, rather stout, curved, finely striato-punctate
throughout in the male, more slender, less densely punctured and glabrous to-
ward the apex in the female, scrobes directed against the eye, antennae slender,
inserted at the middle CJ,). or two-fifths from the base (9). funicle 7-jointed,
joints 1-4 elongate, first joint stout, outer joints transverse, club ovate, acumi-
nate. Eyes moderately convex, almost entirely concealed in repose, with elevated
orbital margin. Head densely and finely punctured, front slightly concave;
prothorax more than one-half wider than long, two-fifths wider at the base than
at the apex, rounded on the sides, broadly but not distinctly constricted at the
apex, ocular lobes more distinct, anterior naargin emarginate at the middle with
an acute cusp each side, lateral tubercles acute, dorsal sulcus nearly obsolete,
surface densely and rather finely punctured ; scutel small, distinct. Elytra two-
fifths wider at the base than the prothorax, wider than long, feebly rounded on
the sides and obviously narrowed toward the apex, striae not impressed, narrow,
closely punctured, interstices much wider than the striae, flattened or slightly
convex, rugose, with a few distant, acute granules on the apical half, a transverse
postscutellar spot, a curved lateral fascia and some irregular spots on tlie posterior
half of the elytra, of white scales; metasternum subtruncate, not excavate.
Legs slender, anterior tibiae slender, parallel, middle and posterior a trifle wider
toward the apex, scarcely emarginate. tarsi slender, third joint broadly bilobed,
fourth shorter than the two preceding joints together, claws with a slender tooth
one-half their length. Length 2.0-2.25 mm. ; 0.08 0.09 inch.
Ventral segments semi-glabrous along the middle, fifth ventral segment of
male with a large, transversely oval fovea, female with a small, round, well de-
fined impression, middle and posterior tibia? of male unguiculate at the apex.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 411
Hah. — Canada, Pennsylvania, Georgia, Oregon and Washington.
Easily recognized by the form of the nietasternuni and its small
size. The mottling of the elytra is frequently indistinct ; when well
marked this species more nearly resembles xuhfrncidttis, but differs
abundantly by its much finer sculjjture and almost entire absence of
elytral asperities.
FKI.EXOSO.IIUS sen. uov.
A peculiar species, unlike any other of the present subtribe known
to me, forms the type of this genus. It very much resembles certain
forms of Pelenomus, from which, however, it differ? by the elongate
beak, the pectoral canal extentled upon the niesosternum and the
toothed claws. Beak elongate, somewhat stout, scrobes expanded
posteriorly, directed against the eyes, antennal funicle 7-jointed ;
prothorax wider than long, surface very untMjual, broadly and sharj)ly
depressed on the sides and in front, excavate between the prominent
and acute lateral tubercles and the lateral margin ; scutel minute,
glabrous. Elytra suddenly and much wider at the base than the
prothorax, not longer than wide, with tufts and crests of erect scales ;
pectoral canal deep, wider between the middle coxaj and extending
upon the niesosternum, mesosternal side-pieces wide, scarcely visible
from above ; second ventral segment shorter than the two following
segments together, prolonged at the sides, the third scarcely attain-
ing the lateral margin ; pygidium oblique, acutely margined, with
transverse elevated line for rece()tion of the elytral apex. Legs
long and slender, femora unarmed, posterior a little more robust,
tibise very slender, middle and posterior feebly emarginate above the
apex, tarsi long, third joint broadly bilobed, fourth shorter than the
two preceding joints together, claws armed with a strong tooth about
half as long as the claw ; surface densely scaly.
Structurally, this genus is closely related to Auleatex, from which
it is distinguished by the great irregularity of the prothorax, the
tufts and crests of erect scales on tlie elytra and the dense scaly
vestiture. It is represented by a single species.
P. cristatiiN n. s]). PI. xii, fig. 16. — Oval, dark piceous, legs a trifle paler,
anteuijaj testaceous, densely clothed with rather small, grayish white and brown-
ish scales, elytra with crests of erect seal-brown scales. Beak a little shorter than
the prothorax, gradually widened from the ba.se toward the apex, densely punc-
tured, pubescent, neither carinate nor striate; antennae inserted just beyond the
middle ( % ), first joint of funicle very stout, short, second slender, elongate,
joints 3-7 gradually shorter, outer joints not wider, club elliptoidal, acuminate.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. NOVEMBKR. 1S96.
412 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D,
Eyes large, somewhat prominent, with a decidedly cupreous lustre. Head densely
punctured and scaly, channeled between the eyes; prothorax very little wider
than long, dorsal channel distinct, somewhat widened from behind forward and
extending to the edge of the anterior declivity, limited laterally by a not very
obvious ridge, between this and the lateral tubercle is another oblique, less de-
fined groove or sulcus, anterior margin emarginate at the middle with two i^mall
approximate cusps, ocular lobes small, basal margin biemarginate, disc densely
and not coarsely punctured. Elytra two-fifths wider at the base than the pro-
thorax, sides straight and parallel for one-half their length, then obliquely nar-
rowed to and separately rounded at the apex ; striae fine, feebly impressed, each
with a row of scales concealing the punctures, interspaces flat, alternately a little
more convex and crested with lines of erect seal-brown scales interrupted by
spots and short lines of white, depressed scales, the flattened interspaces without
crests, a basal line on the sutural interspace of very dark velvety, but not erect
scales, extending almost one-third the length of the elytra ; seen from above
there is an ill-defined, brownish fascia, extending from behind the humeral callus
obliquely to the suture at the juncture of the middle and last thirds; pygidium
finely punctured ; underside rather coarsely punctured, sterna densely scaly,
ventral segments less densely clothed with coarse piliform scales. Legs rather
densely scaly. Length 2.2.5 mm. ; 0.09 inch.
% . Pygidium feebly channeled, with a brush of recurved hair at the apex,
abdomen somewhat flattened along tne middle, last ventral segment with well
defined, transverse fovea, middle and posterior tihite feebly unguiculate at the
apex.
Hub. — District of Columbia.
A single male specimen of this very interesting species in Mr.
Ulke's collection.
ORCHE5i»TO:VIERUS gen. uov.
Beak stout, curved, funicle of antennae T-jointed. Eyes large,
transversely oval and rather convex ; prothorax wider than long,
narrowed anteriorly, with prominent ocular lobes. Elytra broadly
oval, convex, alternate interspaces wider; scutel very minute; jn'-
gidium very coarsely punctured ; pectoral canal extending upon the
mesosternum (Wickhami) or metasternum (Ulkei); metastenium
short, second abdominal segment shorter than the two following
segments together, prolonged at the sides, the third segment scarcely
attaining the lateral margin, anterior and middle coxal cavities not
entirely closed within, the latter scarcely more widely separated than
tlie former ; anterior coxse moderately prominent, middle coxse small,
globular and clo-sely approximate to the anterior, posterior coxse
widely .separated ; femora deeply sulcate for the reception of the
tibiae, posterior strongly incrassate ; tibije simple, tarsal claws toothed.
The sj)ecies are broadly oval, very convex insects, readil}^ recog-
nized by the strongly incrassate posterior femora. Increased size of
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 413
the posterior femora oecurs also in other members of this subtrihe,
notably in Acanthoscelis, and also to a less extent in Folenosotnus,
without, however, attaining anything to what we find in the present
genus. But two species are known to me, which are distinguished
as follows :
Protliorax not pibhous. elytni with cnieifonn spot of pale scales. PL xii, fip. 17.
llkoi.
Prothorax gihlioiis. no cnieifonn clytnil sjiot. PI. xiii, figs. 18 and 18(f.
Wickliaiiii.
O. Ulkei n. sp. PI. xii, figs. 17. 17«. — Oval, pitchy brown, antenna; and feet
testaceous, above sparsely clothed with fine, white piliform scales, underside with
similar, though somewhat larger scales. Beak cylindrical, striate and punctured
toward the base, pubescent throughout, antennse slender, inserted at the middle
(% ), funicle 7-.jointed, first joint stout, second slender and longer than the first,
joints 3-4 equal, outer joints gradually wider, club elongate, acuminate. Head
closely punctured, squamous, front slightly concave ; prothorax nearly one-half
wider than long, broadly rounded on the sides and gradually narrowed from
base to apex, latter scarcely constricted, transversely impressed in front, ocular
lobes prominent, distinct, apical mai-gin feebly emarginate at the middle, obtusely
bicuspidate, lateral tubercles distinct, not acute, dorsal channel well impressed in
its basal half, gradually narrowed anteriorly and becoming obsolete in front, an
obtuse elevation each side about the middle, between this elevation and the lateral
tubercle, there is an oblique impression, surface closely punctured, {junctures
large, especially near the base, the latter emarginate each side, a spot of white
scales in front of each lateral tubercle. Elytra convex, about as long as wide,
nearly one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri oblique, rounded
on the sides and narrowed posteriorly ; strife deep, wide, closely and distinctly
punctured, interspaces convex, alternately wider, punctured ; a conspicuous,
cruciform scutellar s]>ot of whitish scales, humeri white, disc with ill-defiued
spots and bands of condensed white i)ubescence, niesosternum exciivate; femora
deeply sulcate, posterior flattened, broadly dilated, broadly impressed near the
apex ; tibia; parallel, subangulate near the base, less so on the anterior pair, mid-
dle and posterior tibiae emarginate externally above the apex, tarsi moderately
stout, third joint broadly bilobed, fourth rather short, claws armed with a long
acute tooth. Length 2.7 mm. ; 0.11 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with transverse apical fovea, middle and posterior
tibiie unguiculate at the apex.
Hub. — New York.
A male specimen in Mr. Ulke's coll., to whom it gives me pleasure
to dedicate this species. The specimen before me presents a peculiar
aberration, the anterior and middle femora on the left side are quite
slender, scarcely clavate, while those on the right side are flattened
and impressed near the apex, similar to the posterior jiair. I feel
at a loss as to what is normal and what otherwi.se. Should further
specimens prove the latter condition to he the normal one, I would
TEANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIU. NOVEMBEE. 1M9«
414 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
suggest'the separation of this species from Orchestomerus and place
it as the type of a new genus, to which the term Platymeristes might
be applied.
O. Wicklianii n. sp. PI. xiii, figs. 18, 18a, 186, 18c. — Broadly oval, convex,
brown, antennte and legs paler, above more densely clothed with small, oval, or
pillform whitish scales, irrorate with brown, underside remotely punctured and
sparsely clothed with small, pale scales. Beak stout, much shorter than the pro-
thorax, curved, striate each side, punctured and coarsely pubescent from the base
to beyond the middle, scrobes deep, directed against the eyes and expanded toward
their extremity ; antennae stout, first and second joints of funicle not elongate,
former stout, joints 3-4 equal, outer joints wider, club suhcompressed, broadly
oval. Eyes large, convex. Head densely punctured, squamose, front depressed
between the eyes, a median and supra-orbital line each side, of pale scales : pro-
thorax wider than long, strongly gibbous, very markedly narrowed anteriorly,
sides nearly straight, constricted at the apex, ocular lobes prominent, rounded,
lateral tubercles large, prominent, rectangular, dorsal sulcus deep, on each side a
longitudinal gibbosity, base emargiuate each side, disc closely punctured, two
lines each side, in front of lateral tuliercle of white scales. Elytra scarcely as
long as wide, nearly two-fifths and rather suddenly wider at the base than the
prothorax, somewhat declivous at the ba.se, rounded on the sides and narrowed
from the humeri to the apex, striae more deeply impressed towards the base,
punctured, punctures concealed by the scales, alternate interspaces wider and a
little more convex, an elevation on the base of the third, fifth and eight (humeral)
interspaces, an elongate scutellar spot of velvety brown scales; pygidium very
coarsely and not closely punctured; pectoral canal deep, wide, not extending
upon the metasternum; middle coxae more widely separated than the anterior;
femora mutic, anterior and middle subclavate, posterior incrassate; tibiae rather
short, parallel, subangulate near the base, tarsi slender, third joint less broadly
bilobed, fourth joint short, claws armed with a long, acute tooth. Length 2.5
mm. ; 0.10 inch.
% . Last ventral segment transversely impressed, middle and posterior tibiae
with a very minute hook at the ai)ex.
Hah. — Brownsville, Texas.
A male specimen collected during the past season and kindly given
to me by my friend, Mr. F. H. Wickham, to whom it is with pleasure
that I dedicate this addition to the rhynchophorous fauna of our
country.
ACAL,L,OnES Lee.
Beak stout, curved, w^idened towards the apex, about as long as
the prothorax, scrobes deep, linear, directed against the eye, anteniue
inserted two-fifths from the apex ( % and 9 )» scape not attaining
the eye, funicle 7-jointed, club elliptic, acuminate. Eyes rounded,
not convex, front flattened ; prothorax wider than long, ocular lobes
prominent, lateral tubercles obsolete, basal margin straight, scutel
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 415
not visil)le. Elytra ventricose, widest at or heliind the middle, not
obviously wider at the base than tht- protliorax, striate and punc-
tured ; pyyidiuni inflexed, anterior ami middle coxal cavities not
widely se|)arated, not entirely closed within ; prosternuni short in
front of the coxa3, ante-coxal ridges prominent, acute , inesosternum
feebly excavate, nietasternum short, perpendicularly declivous in
front ; anterior and middle coxie prominent, posterior widely sepa-
rated ; second ventral segment longer than the two following united,
the third widi'ly attaining the lateral margin. Legs rather long;
thighs, at least the posterior, toothed ; tibire slender, widened at the
a[)ex, tarsi moderately stout, third joint broadly bilobed, fourth
shorter than the two preceding joints united, claws armed with a
long tooth.
The pectoral canal is solely formed by the separated anterior and
middle coxre, the mesosternum is slightly concave, the jwsterior limit
being formed by the mesosternum and the perpendicular nietasternum
conjointly. Dr. LeConte describes the femora as mutic, which is
erroneous; the tooth, while small on the anterior pair, becomes quite
distinct on the middle, and still more so on the hind thighs.
I have to add a second species to the one described by LeConte.
Prothorax not much wider than lonj^, not wider at the base than at the middle,
elytra with distinct humeral callus, a distinct elytral fascia. PI. xiii, i\^. 19.
Prothorax much wider than lonjj, widest at the base, Jieither humeral callus nor
elytral fascia. PI. xiii. lifj. :20 saltoideM.
A. veiiti'icoMUN Lee. PI. xiii, fijrs. 19. 19a. — Ovate, convex, piceous, an-
tenme and lej^s rufous, thinly clothed with fine pubescence, thoracic vitta?, scu-
tellar spot and transverse fascia of small, oval, whitish scales. Beak punctured
throughout, subglabrous, indistinctly striate each side in its basal half, first .joint
of autennal funicle robust, second elongate, slender, following joints short, club
ellijitic, acuminate. Head coarsely i)unctu red, sparsely pubescent ; i)rothorax a
little wider than long, less than one-fourth wider at the base than at the apex,
sides nearly straight, suhi)arallel for one-half their length, feebly rounded ante-
riorly, broadly impressed in front, apex scarcely constricted, dorsal channel dis-
tinct, becoming wider in front, disc coarsely punctured, punctures more crowded
on the sides and behind the apical margin, each bearing a short hair, median vittn
and one each side, of pale scales. Elytra scarcely wider at the base than the
jirothorax, oval, very convex, humeri oblique, callus distinct, sides rounded and
subconjointly rounded at the a])cx, strise well impressed, shining, strongly and
closely iMinctured, interspaces wider than the stria% flattened on the disc, more
convex on the declivity, rugose, alternately a little wider; a very coi)Si)icuous
white scutellar line, a suboblique fascia before and a tniusverse one behind the
middle, less conspicuous; tliese fasc.ias are formed by short lines on the inter-
spaces, those on the wider interspaces are placed a little in advance of the others,
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. NOVEMBER, 1896.
416 WILLIAM G. UIETZ, M.D.
the space inclosed between the two fascias is a little darker than the rest of the
surface ; pygidium not densely puijctured, punctures larger and smaller inter-
mixed ; sternal side pieces more coarsely, abdomen moi-e finely punctured ; femora
feebly clavate, all armed with an acute tooth, emarginate before the apex ; til^iae
unguiculate at the apex in both sexes, claws armed with a tooth. Length 2.75
4.0 mm. ; 0.11-0.16 inch.
%. Pygidium feebly impressed.
Hab. — Eastern, Middle and Soutliern States.
As will be seen, the measurements given above do not agree with
those of LeC(jnte ; that author, however, liad only two specimens
before him, and those evidently of small size. I have taken this
species in August on apple trees. In general habitus this species is
not unlike the European genus Seleropterus, though much larger.
A. saltoitles n. sp. PI. xiii, fig. 20. — Closely allied to the preceding species,
from which it differs as follows : Beak distinctly carinate for one-half its length.
Eyes more convex, upper margin somewhat elevated. Head more finely punc-
tured ; prothorax almost twice as wide as long, two-fifths wider at the base than
at the apex, widest at the base, obliquely narrowed on the sides for one-half
their length, then rounded, broadly but not deeply impressed before the middle,
dorsal channel less distinct, disc much more finely punctured. Elytra wider than
long, viewed from above nearly circular, humeral callus obsolete, strite deep, wide,
almost as wide as the interspaces, these scarcely unequal, no scutellar spot, some
faint traces of an anterior and posterior fascia; pygidium very coarsely and
densely punctured. Length 3.35 mm. ; 0.13 inch.
% . Last ventral segment more broadly impressed, hook of middle tibiai quite
distinct, prominent.
Hab. — A single male specimen, Minnesota, in the Nat. Mus. coll.
The sutural white spot so conspicuous and evident in every one of
the numerous specimens of ventricoms before me is entirely absent
in the present species. Aside from the elytral markings, however,
this species is quite diffei'ent and distinct in habitus, resembling in
this respect very nnich the Australian Salcui g/obosus Pasc.
C <EL.IOI>ES Sch.
Beak more slender, long and curved, antennal funicle 7 jointed.
Eyes rounded, feebly convex and entirely concealed in repose. Elytra
wider at the base than the prothorax ; pectoral canal limited poste-
riorly by the metasternum ; second ventral segment as long or longei"
than the two following .segments, the third widely attaining the
lateral margin ; anterior and middle coxal cavities not closed within,
anterior and middle coxse moderately prominent; pygidium perpen-
dicular. Legs moderately stout, femora toothed (in our species i,
tibiaj .simple, claws armed with a tooth.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 417
As here defined the characters of tlie genus, as distinctive from
the other genera of the subtribe Cceliodes, are negative rather than
otherwise. The type of Oeliodes Sch. is the European C. quercus ;
this species, however, has the femora mutic and the pectoral canal
prolonged to nearly the end of the metasternuin and was subsequently
made the type of Meyacetes Thomp.* Of eleven European species
of Qeliodes in my collection, all, except (jiiftu/d Fab. and ejnlobii
Payk. (Auleutes) have the second ventral segment longer than the
two following together, the latter very short, the third widely attain-
ing the lateral margin.
The two species occui-riiig in our fauna are densely squamous
insects, and are distinguished as follows:
Larfter, oval, lateral tulni'clcs of ]injthorax obsolete, lat(>ral spot aiul apex of
elytra pale apiealis.
Smaller, elliptic, lateral tubercles disiiiicr, no elytral spots vitiOSillS.
C. ai>iCHli«« n. sp. — Oval, dark brown, aiitennie and legs a trifle paler, densely
clotlied above and beneatli with oval scales, brownish above with lateral and
apical spot of the elytra of pale scales, scales of the underside dirty ;;rayish white.
Beak rather slender, curved, longer than the prothorax, subcarinate from the
middle to near the apex, densely punctured and thinly stjuamous near tlie base,
scroljes directed against and expanded befoi-e the eyes; antennse inserted almost
two-fifths from the apex (^ and 9 )< slender; first and second joints of funicle
elongate, following joints sliorter, outer a little widened, club elongate or acumi-
nate. Head densely punctured, squamous, front flattened ; prothorax scarcely
wider than long, moderately narrowed anteriorly, rounded on the sides, apex
dee])ly constricted, deeply impressed behind the apical margin, ocular lobes nearly
obsolete, basal inargin straight each side, dorsal channel more deeply imi)ressed
before and behind or subinterrupted at the middle, lateral tubercles obsolete, in-
dicated by a short ridge-like elevation, surfixce densely and rather evenly punc-
tured, punctures small, sides clothed with pale scales; scutel glabrous, scarcely
visible. Elytra scarcely one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, a little
longer than wide, broadly and regularly rounded on the sides, nioderatel.v con-
vex, strife fine, deep, punctures very small, each bearing a pale scale, interspaces
wide, flat, rugulose, a sutural line from the fii^st third to near the apex, of darker
scales with some lustre, an oblique spot on the 6-9 interspaces before the middle
and apical margin, of pale yellowish white scrobes, the apical pale space encloses
a dark spot; metasternum deeply emarginate, excavate; underside of body
closely and suiterficially punctured; femora dentate, obscurely annulate with
pale scales near the apex, tibiie somewhat stout and widened towards the apex,
obscurely annulate near the i)ase and apex, tiirsi elongate, third joint not broadly
biloiied, fourth shorter than the two preceding joint.s, claws armed with a slender
tooth about one-half the length of the claw, the first and second joints with sev-
eral l)ristle-like hairs arising near the a])ical margin ; pygidium densely and finely
punctured, pubescent. Length 2.7.5-3.25 mm. ; 0.11-0.13 inch.
* G. Tliompson, Scandinav. Col. I, p. 339.
TRAN.S. AM. KNT. S()0. X.XIII. (53) DECEMBER. 1896.
418 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
% . Fifth ventral segment witli transverse oval fovea in its apical half, middle
and posterior tibiif distinctly unguiculate at the apex.
9. Fifth ventral not impressed, tibiae not unguicnlate.
Hab. — Pennsylvania, Canada, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Dakota,
Colorado, Texas.
Numerous specimens are befoi'e me. iSome specimens have the
hiteral margin of the elytra pale. This species has heretofore been
known in collections as C. fiavieauda Boh.,* the description of which
is utterly inapplicable in all essential points, save one, to the insect
under consideration. Aside from other differences the following
characters certainly do not apply here " thorace medio tenuiter cari-
nata. Elytra antice singulatim rotundata, thoracis basi multa latiora
— ante-mediam fascia transversa communi, subdentata, parce obscura
brunneo-squamosa ornati." The size is stated as equal to that of
C. quercus F., an insect very much smaller, the largest specimen of
which, in my collection, does not exceed 2.5 mm. No mention is
made of the lateral or apical pale spots on the elytra or a thoracic
sulcus. The femoral tooth is described obtuse, while it is quite acute.
Boheman refers this species to Say. I have been unable to find any
reference or description of flavicauda in Say's writings.
C'. Titiosus n. sp. — Oval elliptic, convex, dark piccous: anteniife, tibise and
tarsi rufo-piceous. scales on the underside larger, nearly round, dirty gray, not
crowded, above clothed with much smaller, oval, grayish brown scales. Beak
slender, curved, obscurely carinate from near the l>ase to the apex, densely punc-
tured, striolate ; scrobes linear, not expanded before the eyes: antennae inserted
a trifle beyond the middle ( "J, ), not very slender, first and second joints of funicle
elongate, joints 3 4 equal, outer joints shorter, gradually wider, club elliptoidal,
acuminate. Eyes a little convex, a short sulcus in front of each. Head densely
and rather coarsely punctured, squamous, front flattened ; prothorax as long as
wide, two-fifths wider at the base than at the apex, tlie latter broadly and strongly
constricted, sides straight, parallel for two-fifths their length, then obliquely nar-
rowed to tlie apical constriction, ocular, lobes distinct, apical margin straight-
subangulate each side ; basal margin not emarginate each side, lateral tubercles
distinct, acute, dorsal channel entire, more deeply impressed before and behind
the middle, surface closely puuirtured. punctures rather large. Elytra oval, about
one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, a little longer than wide, broadly
rounded on the sides and strongly narrowed toward the apex, basal margin ele-
vated, striae as wide as the interspaces, not deejjly imi)ressed, jiunctures rather
closely approximate, concealed by the scales: intersjiaces flattened, a line of dark
brown scales on the middle two-fourths of thesutural inters])ace; metasterinim
as in apicali.i. femora subclavate, distinctly toothed, tibia? widened towards the
apex, tarsi as in the ))receding sjiecies, claws armed witli a tdotli exlcndiiig a lilllc
l)eyond the middle. Length 2.5 mm. ; 0.10 inch.
«■ Sch., Geu. Cure, viii, p. 397.
AMERICAN COLKOPTERA. 419
%. Last ventral segment transversely impressed, nii<l<ile and pustcridi- tibiii'
unguiculate at the apex.
Hab.— Un7Mou, Pa.
A male specimen which I collected many years ago. In form
this species resembles tlie Euroj)eaii C. quadrimaculatu.^ L., but is
smaller and without any maculation. The darker line on the middle
of the sutural interspace is less distinct than in the preceding species.
Subtribe Ceutorhynchi.
A large number of species, all of which, with the exception of
one, belong to the genus CentofluincliHa, repi'esent this subtribe, and
are at once distinguished from all other members of the present
tribe by the pectoral canal not extending beyond the prosternum
and the slender, elongate rostrum ; antenn:e very variable, funicle
7- or 6-jointcd. Eyes rounded, lateral, widely separated above and
more or less covered in repose ; pr(»tliorax narrowed anteriorly, gen-
erally constricted at or behind the apex ; scutel distinct in some,
scarcely visible in others. Elytra not nnich wider at the base than
the })n)thorax, striate and punctured ; [)rosternum long in front of
the coxai, deeply and generally narrowly emarginate, with ante-coxal
ridges; mesosternum not canaliculate, oblicpie (Ceiitorhynchas), or
depressed and transversely sulcate between the middle coxae {Riley-
onymns) ; anterior coxie narrowly, middle more widely separated ;
middle coxal cavities entirely enclosed {Ceutorhynchas), rarely open
within {Rileyonynuis) ; second ventral segment not prolonged on the
sides, third widely attaining the lateral margin, segments 3-4 short,
fifth longer {Ceidorhyuchus ', segments 8-5 longer, equal (Rileyony-
mus) ; femora either dentate or mutic; tibi?e generally slender, mid-
dle and posterior unguiculate at the apex in the male (exce[)t atigu-
latus group), claws bifid, toothed or simple.
As indicated above, the establishment of a new genus seems called
for.
Mesostermnn ohliinie. not silicate, middle coxal cavities dosed within, ventral
segments 3-5 unecnial, third tarsal joint hilobed- . • -Ceillorliy li<'liii<>«.
Mesosternnm depressed, transveisely sulcate. middle coxal cavities open within
ventral segments 3- ,■) equal, third tarsal Joint not hilohi'd.
Rileyoiiyiuii!<i.
€EUTOKIIY\CIIlS.
With the exception of the characters which distinguish the fol-
lowing from the present genus what has l)een .sjiid regtirds the present
suluribc in general applies genericnlly here and not nnich else needs
rKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXUI. DKCEMBKK. 1896.
420 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
to be added. As already stated by Dr. LeConte* the beak is stouter
and more coarsely sculptured (generally in Curculionidte) and the
last ventral segment impressed or foveate in the males.
I have divided the species into the following groups :
Femora toothed.
Vestiture dense, longer species.
Funicle 7-jointed subpubescence group.
Funicle 6-joiuted ang-ulatus group.
Vestiture very sparse, subglabrous, frequently with metallic lustre.
sulcipennis group.
Femora mutic.
Funicle 7-jointed. claws toothed.
Elytra distinctly tuberculate ■v«rv«»A.. . (tuberculipennis) group.
Elytra not tuberculate, generally muricate on the declivity. tA>f\A^W » obOu »
Funicle 7-jointed, claws simple squamatus group.
Funicle 6-jointed, claws simple septentrionis group.
subpubescence group.
■ Species above median size, having the antennal funicle 7-jointed,
the claws bifid, or distinctly toothed, rarely (isolatus) simple. They
are more or less densely scaly or pubescent and may be distinguished
as follows :
Claws armed with a long tooth, nearly bifid; less densely scaly or pubescent.
Above clothed with fine brownish pul)escence intermixed with large white
scales siibpiilx'sceiis.
Above uniformly clothed with gray or pale ochreous scales sifHiieiitiiiii.
Scales white, not uniform, intermixed with coarse hair- . • .!>»t'rie>*elo«»iis.
Claws simple; hirsute isolatus.
Claws armed with a short, stout tooth.
Scales dense, a conspicuous scutellar spot.
Prothorax cribrate riKlis.
Prothorax more finely ])unctured sericaiis.
V. sub|»iil»es<'dis Lee. — Subrhom})oidal, jiitcliy black, above clothed with
fine, i)ale brownisii pubescence, intermixed on the elytra with scattered, large,
white scales. Beak slender, curved, about as long ( % ), or longer ( 9 ) than the
prothorax, slightly tapering towards the apex, finely striate and punctured in its
liasal half, more finely punctured and shining towards the apex, antennae slender,
inserted at the middle ( % and 9 )- ^''^t and second joints of funicle elongate,
second slender, joints 3-4 very little ( ^ ) or distinctly longer ( 9 ) than the outer
joints, club large, ovoidal, acuminate. Eyes round, not prominent, completely
concealed in repose by the prominent postocular lobes. Head rather coarst^ly
punctured, coarsely pubescent ; prothorax wider than long, fully two-fifths wider
at the base than at the apex, latter strongly constricted behind the apiciil margin,
sides broadly rounded, lateral tubercles distinct, placed transversely, dorsal sulcus
entire, less profound at the middle, disc densely and rather coarsely punctunnl ;
* Proc. Amer. Pbilos. Soc. xv. p. 272.
AMKKICAN COLEOPTEKA. 421
scutel minute. Elytra oval, less than one-tliird wider at the base than the pro-
thorax, hiuneri rounded, sides broadly rounded to the apex, declivity somewhat
|irecii)itous, the summit with acute granules, striae fine, each with a row of pale
l)iliform scales, jinnctures very small, intersjjaces wide, flattened, rugose; py-
tridium punctni'ed. squamous; underside closely i)unctured, densely scaly, scales
larfie. grayish white, crowded. Legs slender, femora subclavate, all armed with
a large, acute tooth, tibise subjiarallel, a little widened at the apex, articulating
surface ojjcn posteriorly, tarsi slender, third joint broadly bilobed, fourth a little
shorter than the two preceding joints combined, claws armed with a long slender
tooth, jtarallel to the claw and about two-thirds its length. Length 2.75 3. .5 mm. ;
0.11 0.14 inch.
%. Last ventral segment with a broad, oval fovea, limited each side by a
prominent ridge, middle and posterior tibiae ungui(rnlate.
Hab. — California, Utah (Salt Lake City, Walhsah Mountains).
Two male and two female si)eciniens are before me. Very closely
related to the next species. Two specimens from Utah are a trifle
.smaller and have the pubescence a little more coarse. A specimen
in ]\Ir. Bolter's coll., which I consider to belong to the present species,
has the pubescence entirely grayish white, clo.sely resembling tyi)ical
specimens of the next.
C afHlieiltus n. sp. — Oval, black, alH)ve uniformly clothed with grayish
white, piliform scales not closely appressed to tlie surface, underside densely
scaly, scales whitish, round or oval. Beak longer than the jirothorax, cylindrical,
of equal thickness throughout, punctured and striate from the base to the inser-
tion of the antennse. more finely ))unctulate beyond, antennae slender, inserted a
little beyond ( % ), or before ( 9 ) the middle ; first and second joints of funicle
elongate, latter slender, joints 3 4 longer than the outer joints, which are a little
wider outwardly ; club elliptical, acuminate. Eyes, head and general configura-
tion of prothorax as in Hiibpabesceus ; prothorax a little less rounded on the sides,
impressed each side before the middle, lateral tubercles small, transverse, dorsal
channel entire, more superficial about the middle and terminating in front in a
more or less profound fovea; scutel distinct, scaly. Elytra about one-fourth
wider at the base than the prothorax, finely striate, punctures very small, con-
(•ealed by scales, interspaces wide, flattened, rugose, declivity with small, acute
granules; pygidium more coarsely punctured. Legs and tarsi as in suhpubeaceux ;
anterior femoral tooth small. Length 3.0-3.25 mm.; 0.12-0.13 inch.
%. Last ventral segment as in the preceding, middle and ])osterior tibia' un-
guiculate.
This species, erroneously known in our lists and collections as
rajMP Gyll., bears only a superticial resemblance to its European
congener, while (littering in most important structural characters.
C r«j9ce Gyll. differs from afflaentus in the following points: Beak
very slender, almost piliform, more finely punctulate and glabrous
throughout, except at the base in the female; antennie inserted just
before the middle ( % ), or scarcely more than one-third from the
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBEE, 1896.
422 AVILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
base ( $ ), elytral interspaces more narrow, scarcely double the width
of the strife, femora mutic, claws simple. Length 2.75 mm. ; 0.11
inch. Aside from its smaller size it could not be distinguished from
affluentus on superficial comparison.
Hah. — Canada, Eastern and Western States.
Var. — Above and beneath clothed with pale, ochreous scales,
elytral striae with a row of whitish scales.
Occurs in ^Maryland, Virginia, Illinois, Kansas and Nebraska.
C. seriesetosus u. sp. — Elongate, subtrapezoidal. Black, prothoracic lobes
and tarsi testaceous, above irregularly clothed with elongate, dirty white scales,
intermixed with coarse hair-like bristles, directed forward on the protborax,
backward on the elytra, underside more densely clothed with pale yellowish, or
white, oval or elongate scales without intermixed hair. Beak very slender, longer
than the protborax, subglabrous, very finely punctured, striolate on the sides,
antennae slender, inserted about the middle, first and second joints of funicle
elongate, latter slender, joints 3-4 a little shorter, outer joints wider, club large,
ovoidal. Eyes entirely concealed in repose; head finely and densely punctured,
squamous; protborax one-half wider than long, about two-fifths wider at the
base than at the apex, strongly constricted behind the apical margin, rounded on
the sides, lateral tubercles distinct, acute, dorsal channel deep before and behind,
interrupted at the middle; scutel minute, glabrous. Elytra less than one-third
wider at the base than the protborax, humeri rounded, somewhat prominent,
sides nearly straight, gradually narrowed behind, declivity with acute granules,
which become quite prominent on the posterior callus, when viewed from above ;
strife and punctures very fine, punctures rather remote, interspaces flat, some-
what shining, very finely rugose, each with a row of fine punctures, each bearing
a whitish seta, a distinct scutellar spot and other spots irregularly scattered of
white or pale yellowish scrobes. Legs slender, femora and tibiae more or less
scaly or coarsely pubescent; femora with a small, acute tooth, nearly obsolete on
the anterior pair; tibiae parallel, not widened at the tip, latter testaceous, third
tarsal joint very broadly bilobed, fourth a little longer than the former, claws
armed with a large tooth, inclined towards its fellow. Length 3.0 mm. ; 0.12 inch.
% . Last ventral segment imjjressed. apical spurs distinct, though small.
Hab. — Nantucket Island, Massachusetts.
Three specimens collected by Mr. A. Bolter are before me. A
very distinct species, readily distinguished from the preceding by the
rows of elytral sette and from the next by the strongly tootlied claws.
Since the above was written I have received from Mr. F. A. Sir-
rine four specimens of this species, three of which were bred from
the seed-stalks of kale at Cutchogue (L. I.), N. Y. They are a
little smaller in size than Mr. Butler's specimens, the femoral teeth
very small, obsolete on the anterior pair.
C. is^olatllS n. sp. — Oblong, black, antenna- jiiceous, legs rufo-])iceous, above
thinly clothed with white ])iliform scales, intermixed with long coarse pubescence.
AMIOKICAN COLEOl'TKRA. 423
underside densely and rather coarsely imnctured and more densely clothed with
elongate scales. Beak slender, one-half lonjrer than the prothorax, cylindricral, a
trille wider at the base, finely striate and jjiinctured in its basal half, subglabrons
towards the apex, antennje inserted just before the middle, slender, joints 14 of
funiele gradually shorter, first joint very robust in the male, and like the second
a little more elongate in the female, outer joints very short, club moderately
large, ovoidal. acuminate. Eyes entirely concealed in repose. Head densely
l)unctured, front with a flattened or impressed oval s])ace, limited each side by a
row of erect .scales, the space clothed with white scales; prothorax much wider
than long, rounded on the sides behind, profouiidly constricted in its anterior
third, lateral tubercles represented by an acute, longitudinal ridge, dorsal sulcus
entire, not well defined, base broadly emargiuate each side: scutel distinct, glab-
rous. Elytra one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri oblique,
sides nearly straight for three-fourths their length,, then suddenly rounded to the
apex; declivity, and especially the posterior callus, with prominent, acute gran-
ules; striiE and punctures very fine, superficial, punctures remote, interspaces
wide, flattened, each with a row of setigerous punctures, setfe long, suberect, a
conspicuous scutellar s]>ot and less distinct spots on the disc of condensed white
scales; pygidium punctured, subcarinate in the male. Legs not slender, femora
subdavate, each armed with a large triangular tooth, tibiae moderately stout, a
little flattened, widened towards the apex, third joint of tarsi not broadly bilobed.
fourth long, claws simple. Length 2.2.') mm. ; 0.09 inch.
% . Last ventral segment feebly impressed, tibial hooks distinct.
^o6. — Montuna ; Elko, Nevada ; California.
Three speeinions, Mr. Hike's and my own coll. The Nevada
specimen has the elytral strite coansc^r and dcepci', the elytral setie
are i)ale in two .specimen.--, blackish in the tiiird, the leos entirely
f'crrnoinous in one, rufo-piceous in a second and dark piceons in the
third specimen, thus showing again the futility of supcrticial char-
acters in the demarcation of species.
V. riKlis Lee. PI. xiii, fig. 21. — Oblong, oval, piceous, legs rufous, abovi; very
thinly clothed with very small, pale brown, piliform scales, variegated on the
elytra with scattered* spots of pure white and a large scutellar spot of similar
scales on the base of the first and second interspaces and extending a little farther
on the second interepace than on the first, underside clothed with whitish scales.
Beak feebly curved, not slender, somewhat tapering from the base, striate ajid
l>unctured in its basal half, more finely punctured beyond ; antennaj slender,
inserted before the middle ( 9 ), first and second joints of funiele elongate, former
a little stouter, joints 3-4 shorter, outer joints a little wider, club large, ovoidal.
Eyes concealed in repose. Head coarsely punctured, each puncture bearing a
coarse, brownish hair, an impressed frontal line with white scrales ; prothorax
much wider than long,»rounded ou the sides behind, strongly narrowed in front
and deeply constricted behind the apical margin, latter elevated, lateral tuber-
(des represented by an acute oblique elevation, dorsal channel deep, with a few
pale scales, surface very coarsely and deeply punctured, each puncture bearing a
coarse hair; scutel distinct. Elytra subtrapezoidal. a little wider at the base than
ihe jn'othorax, humeri rounded, sides nearly straight, gi'adually narrowed l>ehind,
strongly rounded on the tij). stria? impressed. ]»unctured, each with a row of white
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOf. XXIII. DKCEMBEK, I ^»b.
424 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
piliforni scales, interspaces flattened, rugose, declivity with a few very small, but
acute granules; femora subclavate, each with a large triangular tooth: tihiee
stout, widened from base to apex, latter rounded, tarsi rather stout, third joint
not broadly bilobed, fourth short, claws with a short, acute basal tooth. Length
2.8 mm.; 0.11 inch.
Hab. — Nevada, Kansas (LeConte).
A single female specimen in Mr. Ulke's collection. Closely re-
lated to sericans, from which it is readily distinguished by its very
coarsely punctured prothorax.
C sericans Lee. — Oblong, depressed, pitchy black, above densely clothed
with very small, brown scales with a faint i)early lustre and inconspicuously mot-
tled with pale scales, underside densely clothed with dirty white scales. Beak
about as long as the prothorax, curved, not very slender, striate and punctured
nearly throughout in the male, glabrous in its apical third in the female, anteunie
slender, inserted scarcely two-fifths from the apex ( %, and 9)> fi'"st and second
joints of funicle of equal length, former more robust, third joint shorter than the
second, longer than the following joints, club elongate elliptic. Eyes concealed in
repose. Head channeled, coarsely punctured, clothed with elongate scales, whitish
on the front and along the channel ; prothorax more than one-half wider than
long and two-fifths wider at the base than at the apex, rounded on the sides, nar-
rowly constricted at the apex, apical margin elevated, lateral tubercles distinct,
obtuse, posterior to these the lateral margin is straight, disc densely and finely
punctured, punctures concealed by the scales, channel entire, more deeply im-
pressed near the base ; scutel minute. Elytra trapezoidal and little wider at the
base than the prothorax, humeri oblique, prominent, sides nearly straight, nar-
rowed behind, striae well impressed, closely punctured, interspaces flattened,
about twice as wide as the striae, declivity not obviously muricate, a conspicuous
line on the base of the sutural interspace of whitish scales, scales on the declivity
pale. Legs squamous, femora subclavate, all armed with a large tooth ; tibia'
moderately stout, widened towards the apex, tarsi slender, third joint not broadly
bilobed, fourth nearly as long as the two preceding joints together, claws armed
with a small, basal tooth. Length 2.5-3.0 mm. ; 0.10 0.12 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with a deep, transversely oval fovea, apical spurs
of tibia; distinct, minute.
Hab. — Iowa, Colorado, Arizona, California (LeConte).
Two males and four feniales. Dr. Horn's and Mr. Ulke's coll.
A very pretty species, the purple gloss is not noticeable in .some
specimens. Although Dr. LeConte describes the vestiture as " scale-
like hairs" and gives the length as 2.0 mm. ; there is no doubt of
the identity of this species.
ang-ulatus group.
The species belonging to this group have the antcniial funicle 0-
jointed, the femora (at least the posterior j)air) toothed and the claws
simple, they all have the elytra ornamented with patterns of con-
densed scales. The eyes arc entirely concealed in repo.se by j)romi-
AMERICAN COLEOPTEKA. 425
nent prothoracic lobes; the tibiie are not armed at tlie apex in tlic
males. They are distinguished as follows :
Anterior nuirgin of ])rotliorax dei'iily ami acutely eiiiarfjinate, elytra witli aiijrii-
lated band of white scales. 1*1. xiii. lij;. ~~ jiii;;iilalii?<.
Anterior margin of protliorax slightly eniarginate in the middle.
Larger .species, elytra suhdepressed. oblique lateral spot di.stinct.
Tibiaj shorter, stout, widened at the apex, a — ^— shaped basal sjxit. I'l. xiii.
fig. 23 coiiM]iii$;iiiii<MiM.
Tibiie long ami slender, very little widened towards the a|)ix.
Above clothed with tine, jjriiinose pube-scence, head not silicate.
diNtiirbaf UM.
Above clothed with larger white scales, intermixed with brown i>iil>escence,
head broadly sulcate ubiiqiiiis.
Above clothed with dark gray or fuscousscales, inverted T-sl:aped spot at
base lau.
Very small, elytra convex, lateral spot wanting. PI. xiii, fig. 24-Ovipeiiiiis.
C angiilatiiN Lee. PI. xiii, fig. 32.— Broadly oblong oval, dejnessed, black,
antennie and legs rufo-piceous. above thinly clothed with very small, pale scales,
an angulated band of white scales on the elytra, underside clothed with round,
whitish scales. Beak a little (%) or one-third ( 9) longer than the prothoi-ax,
rather strongly curved, cylindrical, punctured throughout, indistinctly striolate
on the sides, with closely placed, short, suberect scale.s, scrobes curved, and when
viewed laterally, not visible at the middle, anteniue slender, in.serted about the
middle, funicle 6-jointed, joints 12 elongate, second slender and longer than the
third Joint, outer joints short, club large, elliptic. Head superncially punctured,
punctures large; jirothorax a little wider than long, strongly narrowed in front,
ocular lobes prominent, broadly rounded on the sides, transversely impressed in
its anterior half; apical margin elevated, deeply and acutely emarginate. lateral
tubercles large, a strongly curved marginal edge, extending from the latter to the
apical margin : dorsal sulcus wide, entire, sides and sulcus clothed with white
scales; disc densely and coarsely jjunctured ; scutel minute. Elytra one-third,
and rather sudden Ij' wider at the base than the prothorax, scarcely longer than
wide, slightly narrowed from the humeri three-fifths their length, then suddenly
rounded to the apex, jiosterior callus somewhat ])roniinent, sides feebly rounded,
strite impressed, wide, punctures small, more or less concealed by the scales, in-
terspaces convex, rugose, the angulated band extends from below the humerus on
the ninth interspace, obliquely and becoming wider to the sixth, then ascends in
a curved line to the second intersjiace to the base, some lines of white scales on
the declivity ; femora clavate, armed with a very small tooth, almost obsolete ou
the anterior pair, tibiie rather stout, a little widened at the tip, tarsi slender, first
aud second joints elongate, first a little longer than the second, third short,
broadly bilobed, fourth as long as the first joint, claws small, slender and diver-
gent. Length 3.0-3.25 mm.: 0.12-0.13 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with a deep; transverse fovea, occupying the whole
length of the segment, middle and posterior tibise not unguiculate.
Hab. — California.
Two male.s, seven females, I)rs. Horn aii<l Hamilton, Mr. L Ike's
and Nat. ]Mu.s. coll. Dr. LeConte included in this s})ecies al.so the
TKANS. AM. KNT. S()<J. XXllI. (54) DECKMBEK. ItiUb.
426 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
form hereafter described as dkturbatus, a quite distinct species. The
angulated band is interrupted on the fifth interspace in most speci-
mens. LeConte described the front as concave, it is such in some
specimens, flattened or even some\A'hat convex in others. It is distin-
guished from all the other members of this group by its broader
form and the deeply notched anterior thoracic margins.
C consaiigiiineus n. sp. PI. xiii. fig. 23.— Oblong oval, depressed, pitchy
black, legs rufous, above rather densely clothed with brown scales, a — '^ — basal
spot and an oblique lateral spot on the elytra of white scales, underside as in
angulatus. Beak as long ( '^ ), or a little longer { 9 ) than the prothorax, curved,
slender, cylindrical, finely punctured 'and striate, feebly shining near the apex,
scrobes and antennae as in the preceding, the latter slender, inserted two-fifths
from the apex ( % ), or a trifle beyond the middle ( 9 )• Head coarsely punctured,
front flattened or slightly concave, squamous; prothorax one-half wider than
long, strongly narrowed from base to apex, deeply constricted behind the apical
margin, sides convergently rounded from the base, ocular lobes less prominent
than in angulatus, lateral tubercles transverse, not prominent, curved, marginal
line in front ill-defined, dorsal channel entire, surface coarsely punctured, channel
and sides clothed with pale yellow scales, less conspicuous than in the preceding
species; scutel small, glabrous. Elytra a little wider at the base than the pro-
thorax, humeri obliquely rounded, longer than wide, sides feebly rounded, slightly
narrowed posteriorly, strige fine, superficial, punctures concealed by a row of
scales, interspaces flattened, the lateral spot extends from the ninth to the sixth
interspaces inclusive, the basal spot consists of a spot on the base of the sutural
interspace and a short line on the second jointed to a short subtransverse line on
the third and fourth interspaces, some scattered white scales on the declivity ;
pygidium coarsely punctured, scaly, underside densely punctured. Legs stout,
femoral tooth very small, acute, anterior and middle tibise short and stout,
widened to the apex, the latter rounded, po.sterior tibife a little longer and a little
more slender, thighs and tibia; indistinctly annulate with white scales, tarsi as in
angulatus, but a little stouter. Length 2.5-2.7.5 ram. ; 0.10 0.11 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with superficial and ill-defined fovea, libipe not un-
guiculate.
Hab. — Nevada. Three specimens in Dr. Horn's coll.
A distinct species, similar to angulatHH, though less robust ; elytral
ornamentation very similar, ascending branch absent, the transverse
line on the third and fourth interspaces is nearer the base ; also re-
sembles the next species in general a[)pearance, but differs in the
stout tibi;e and the conspicuous marking at tlie ba.-^e of the elytra.
C <lif*liirl»aliis n. sp. — Oblong oval, dark piceous. above thinly clothed
with sniall. pale scales, scales on the underside round, grayish white, not crowded.
Beak slender, (Uirved, a little longer than the prothorax in the male, one-lialf
longer in tiie female, punctured throughout, more finely in the female, striate in
its basal half, scrobes and antennae as in the preceding species, the latter inserted
two-fifths from the apex ( % ), or at the middle ( 9 )■ Head den.sely ])unctured ;
prothorax wider than long, strongly narrowed in front, rounded on the sides i\nd
AMERICAN COLKOPTERA. 427
deeply constricted behind tlie anterior margin, latter not elevated, scarcely euiar-
ginate at tbe middle, lateral tubercles distinct, transverse, acute, doreal channel
entire, narrowed from the base to the ai)ex, surface densely and rather coarsely
punctured, sides and channel clothed with pale scales; scutel minute, glabrous.
Elytra one-third wider at the base than the the prothorax, a little longer than
wide, gradually narrowed from the humeral prominence, strise wide, well im-
pressed, closely and distinctly punctured, interspaces rather convex, rugose, pos-
terior callus ob.solete, lateral spot as in the preceding species, a spot on the fourth
interspace, about one-fourth from the base of white scales, femora feei)ly clubbed,
distinctly toothed, tooth of anterior pair very small, tibise moderate, widened
toward the apex, thighs and tibise obscurely annulate with white scales, tarsi and
claws as in angulatus. Length 2.2 2.7 mm. ; 0.09-0.11 inch.
% . Last ventral segment distinctly foveate, tibiae not unguiculate.
Hab. — California, Vancouver, Oregon, Washington, British Col.
Numerous specimens are before me. Confounded with aufjulatus,
from which it is sufficiently distinguished by its smaller size, less
robust form, the anterior thoracic margin very slightly emarginate
and the absence of an angulated elytral fascia. The lateral spot is
present in all the specimens before me, the spot on the fourth inter-
space is occasionally wanting; in some specimens there are some
smaller spots near the base and on the declivity.
C\ <>l»Ii4|iiii$i Lee. — Oblong, subdepressed, piceous, legs rufo-piceous, above
clothed with small, brown appressed and larger white suberect scales, the latter
predominating. Beak curved, long and slender, longer than the prothorax. punc-
tured and striate, less punctured and somewhat shining towards the apex in the
female, .scrobes le.ss curved and visible, when viewed laterally, in their whole
extent; antennae inserted two-fifths from the apex ( 'J, ). or just beyond the mid-
dle, first joint of funicle stout, second joint slender, longer than the third, three
outer joints short, club ovoidal. Head broadly sulcate with a crested line each
side of stout, erect scales; prothorax a little wider than long, two-fifths wider at
the base than at the apex, the latter broadly and strongly constricted, sides
rounded, apical margin slightly emarginate at the middle, lateral tubercles large,
channel distinct, entire, surface coarsely punctured, sides and channel clothed
with elongate, whitish scales; scutel quite distinct, glabrous. Elytra longer than
wide, one-third wider at the base than the prothorax. feebly rounded on the sides
and narrowed jjosteriorly ; striie very fine and superficial with a row of white,
piliforni scales concealing the very small punctures, interspaces wide, flattened,
rugose, lateral spot as in angulatus, the s\irrounding spiice less densely clothed
with white scales, thus giving it a shaded appearance, another less conspicuous
spot at the apex of the sutural striae; underside densely punctured and sc-aly.
scales large, dirty gray, crowded ; femora not robust, tooth rather large, distinct
on all, tibiie straight, slightly widened from base to apex, tarsi and claws as in
angnlatius. Length 2.8 mm. ; 0.11 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with large and sharply defined fovea ; tibite not
unguiculate.
9. Pygidium impressed.
Hab. — California (Lee. Nat. Mus. coll.), Arizona (Dr. Horn's
and Mr. Ulke's coll.), Texas (A. Bolter), Utah (my own coll.;.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER. 1896.
428 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
Var. A. — Two female specimens in my collection from Utali dif-
fers from the typical form in the more finely jjunctured prothorax, a
basal spot similar to, hut less defined to that of C. consangu'uieus
and interruptedly connected with an ascending line from the ol)lique
lateral spot, the white scales of the elytra more closely appressed,
with an irregular row of white piliform scales on each elytral inter-
stice. The femoral teeth are quite distinct in one specimen, almost
obsolete in the other.
Var. B. — A female specimen from Texas in Mr. Bolter's collec-
tion is less elongate, antennae testaceous and inserted two-fifths from
the apex. Head with a broad fovea, elytral strite deeper, interspaces
a little convex, very rugose, the brown scales scarcely evident, scat-
terd, a sutural line of white scales interrupted at the middle third
by a black space; pygidium convex, covered with yellowish scales,
anterior and middle femoral tooth obsolete, posterior distinct. A
distinct variety.
C tail Lee. — Ovate, naiTowed in front and less so behind, depressed, lilackisli,
densely clothed with dark .gray scales, which are smaller and more fuscous above.
Beak curved, slender, sparsely punctured, striate towards the base. Head densely
punctured ; prothorax as in mujnlntns, but more oblique rounded on the sides.
Elytra less oblong, more distinctly narrowed behind, similarly striate and rugose,
with a large scutellar spot like an inverted T, and an oblique lateral spot densely
clothed with gray scales; antennte and legs brown, similar to those of ('. mujuUiiHS.
Length 3.0 mm. ; 0.12 inch.
One specimen, Texas, Belfrage ; also closely allied to the preceding
and difiering only by form and elytral spots.
I have not seen this species, and can therefore only transcribe the
description as given by LeConte.
C. OVipeillliS u. sp. PI. xiii, fig. 24. — Oval, convex, jjitchy black, tibiae and
tarsi paler, above thinly clothed with small, brownish scales, elytral si)ots of large
white scales, underside more sparsely clothed with small, oval, pale scales. Beak
rather stout, strongly curved, evenly cylindrical, punctured throughout, anteniue
not very slender, inserted a trifle beyond the middle ( ? ). similar to C. obliquus.
Head with impressed line, coarsely but not closely punctured; prothorax nearly
twice as wide as long, two-fifths wider at the base thau at the apex, the latter
broadly and deeply constricted, strongly rounded on the sides, lateral tubercles
distinct, acute, transverse, dorsal sulcus indistinct except at the base, disc coarsely
punctured, punctures (crowded on the sides and on the basal half, sides in front
and median line clothed with white scales ; .scutel small, distinct. Elytra oval,
convex, very little wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri oblique, sides
regularly rounded to the apex, striiB fine and more superficial on the disc, wider
and more deei)ly impressed on the sides, distinctly punctured, interspaces some-
what convex, roughened ; an oblique line of white scales extending obliquely
ui)ward from the sixth interspace to the second and interrupted on tl>e fifth, some
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 429
scattered white scales on the disc, especially on the declivity ; pygidiuni trans-
versely impressed each side; underside not densely punctured, punctures rather
small, superficial. Legs and tarsi somewhat stout, femora not clavate, tooth, dis-
tinct on the posterior pair only, tihise feebly curved, widened to the a])ex, firet
and second joints of tarsi scarcely longer than wide, third more broadly bilobed,
fourth joint longer than either of the iireceding joints, slender, claws simple.
Length 2.2 mm. ; 0.09 inch.
%. hast ventral with a large, well defmeil fovea; tibije not unguiculate.
Hub. — Dunsinuir, Cal. ; British C(>lmiil)iu. Dr. Horn'.-; and my
own coll. Two males.
sulcipennis group.
The species of this group have the femora dentate, the elytra more
or less shining and very thinly pubescent, without patterns of con-
densed scales, except a scutellar spot. The antennal funicle is 6- or
7-jointed, claws toothed or simple. They are all of moderate size
and may he distinguished as follows :
Elytra coarsely sculptured, striai deep, sulciform. interspaces with a row of acute
granules, claws armed with a long tooth.
Funicle 7-jointed Niileipeiiiiis.
Funicle fi-jointed (iecipieiiM.
Elytra not coarsely sculptured, without rows of acute granules.
Funicle 7-jointed, claws toothed.
Elytra blue I'yaiiipeiiiiis.
Elytra a-neous HTiitiiS.
Funicle 7-jointed, claws simple.
Elytra dark blue bolter i.
Elytra entirely black Iiii'ticollis.
Funicle 6-jointed.
Phitirely ferruginous, elytra acutely tuberc.ulate on the declivity, claws
toothed Hrinatuw.
Black, declivity with a few small, acute granules I>olliiiOSil»».
v. Kiiloipoiiiiis Lee. — Oval, black, antenna^ and tarsi piceous, above very
thinly clulhcd witli a very fine, pale pubescence. Beak curved, a little {%) or
considerably ( 9 ) longer than the prothorax. obscurely carinate. finely punctato-
striolate throughout in the male, finely punctured and shining beyond the inser-
tion of the antennae in the female; anteniiiv slender, inserted just beyond (% ),
or immediately before ( J ) the midd-le, funicle 7-jointed, joints 1-4 elongate,
second longer than the others, outer joints short, club elliptoidal, acuminate.
Eyes only partially concealed in repose by the feebly developad i)ostocular lobes,
round, slightly (convex. Head convex, coarsely jjunctured ; prothorax wider
than long, strongly narrowed anteriorly, rounded on the sides, widest a little
behind the middle, con.stricted at the apex, lateral tubercles acute, quite distinct,
dorsal channel wide, deeply impressed, extending from the base to the apical
constriction, surface coarsely and subcontluently punctured ; scutel distinct.
Elytra ovate, convex, shining, one-third wider at the base than the prothorax,
roundetl on the sides and narrowed froni the humerus to the apex, sulcate. sulci
rRANS. A.M. KNT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER, 1H9K.
430 WILLIAM (J. DIETZ, M.D.
finely and not closely punctured, interspaces rugose, each with a row of acute,
setigerous granules, setae white, recurved, posterior call.is obsolete; pygidium
coarsely punctured, convex ( % ), or slightly foveate ( 9 ) ; underside coarsely
punctured, not densely clothed with whitish scales. Legs slender, thinly pubes-
cent, femora subclavate, armed with a very small, acute tooth, tibiae long, widened
toward the apex, tarsi slender, third broadly bilobed, fourth almost as long as the
first two joints together, claws armed with a long tooth, curved towards its fellow.
Length 2.75 mm. ; 0.11 inch.
% . Middle and posterior tibise strongly unguiculate.
Hab. — Atlantic, Western and Southern States.
A well-known species ; readily known by its very coarse sculpture,
in which it resembles the next species, but from which it is at once
distinguished by the 7-jointed funicle and the strongly unguiculated
tibipe of the male.
C. decipieiiN Lee. — Subovate, black, antennse and legs rufous, above very
thinly clotlied with pale, piliform scales, a conspicuous scutellar spot of white
scales; underside coarsely but not densely punctured, sparsely scaly except on
the thoracic side pieces, which are densely clothed with white scales. Beak
curved, separated from the head by a transverse impression, a little longer than
the prothorax, cylindrical, indistinctly subcarinate, striate and punctured from
the base to the insertion of the antenna;, less densely punctured beyond, antenna*
moderately stout, inserted a trifle beyond the middle, funicle 6-jointed, joints 1-3
elongate, gradually wider, club elliptic. Eyes completely concealed in repose by
prominent prothoracic lobes. Head convex, coarsely punctured and pubescent :
prothorax wider than long, about one-fourth wider at the base than at the apex,
sides subparallel and nearly straight for one-half their length, rounded before the
middle, broadly but not deeply constricted behind the apical margin, base emar-
ginate each side, lateral tubercles conspicuous, dorsal sulcus obsolete, densely
punctured on the sides and on the base, less so on the disc, punctures coarse, a
curved line of white scales each side; scutel scarcely visible. Elytra ovate,
rather convex, fully two-fifths wider at the base than the prothorax, broadly
rounded on the sides from the humerus to the apex, sulcate, rather coarsely punc-
tured, punctures separated about their own length, interspaces convex, feebly
shining, each with a row of setigerous granules, sette subdepressed, coarse,
straight, an ill-defined spot near the base of the seventh and a common sutural
spot, at the apex, of white scales, there are also some scattered scales on the de-
clivity. Legs not slender, femora subparallel, all armed with an acute tooth, less
distinct on the anterior jjair, tibia; rather stout, subj)arallel, very little widened
toward the apex, the latter not unguiculate, tarsi slender, third joint bilobed.
short, fourth as long as the first joint, claws armed with an acute basal tooth.
Length 2.0 2.5 mm. ; 0.08 0.10 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with a deep, transversely oval fovea, tibia; not
unguiculate at the apex.
Hab. — Colorado, Michigan, Utah, California, Kansas (LeConte),
Pennsylvania (my own coll.).
Very closely resembles the European Rhytidommiis r/lobulus in
sculpture and general appearance; this insect, however, has the
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 431
femora deeply sulcate for the reception of the tibiie, which is not the
case in C'eutorhyachus ; in form it is short, contracted and very
convex.
C. «*yani|>ennis Germ. — Oblong, oval, suhdepressed, black, elytra steel-
blue, sliiiiiiig, Hiiti'iniie and legs pieeous, above sparsely clotlied with fine, short
pubescence and a scutellar spot of white pubescence. Beak a little longer than
the prothorax in the male, one-half longer in the female, curved, slender, taper-
ing from the base, striate and punctured from the base to the insertion of the
antenna', more finely punctured and shining towards the apex, antennje long and
slender, inserted immediately before ( 9 ). or. a trifle beyond the middle, funicle
7-,jointed, .joints 1-2 elongate, first longer, joints 3 4 shorter than the second, outer
joints short, gradually wider, club ellii)toidal. Head moderately convex, densely
punctured and pubescent; prothorax wider than long, two-fifths wider at the base
than at the apex, rounded on the sides, broadly constricted behind the apical
margin, less distinctly on the sides, apical margin slightly emarginate at the
middle, basal margin broadly emarginate each side, lateral tubercles prominent,
dorsal sulcus deep, ending at the apical constriction, surface closely and coarsely
punctured ; scutel distinct, scaly. Elytra a little wider at the base than the pro-
thorax. feebly rounded on the sides, narrowed behind, striai fine, distinctly and
closely punctured, interspaces flat, rugose: pygidium rather finely punctured;
underside not densely punctured, punctures small, thoracic side pieces densely
clothed with white scales. Legs long and slender; femora feebly clavate, all
armed with an acute tooth, small on the anterior pair, tibiae subparallel, slightly
widened at the apex, latter not unguiculate, tarsi slender, third joint moderately
bilobed, fourth joint equal to the first, claws armed with an acute basal tooth-
Length 2.75-3.2.5 mm. ; 0.11-0.13 inch.
9 ■ Last ventral segment with large, but ill-defined impression and two apical
tubercles; tibiae not unguiculate.
Hab. — N. Illinois, California.
Introduced from Europe within recent years. Careful comparison
with typical specimens in my collection leave no doubt of its identity.
It is readily recognized by its steel-blue elytra, and could only be
confounded with C. bolterl, from which it differs, by its larger size
and toothed claws.
Ct seratus u. sp. — Elongate, black, with leneous lustre especially inarked on
the elytra, above very thinly clothed with fine, short pubescence, underside with
the exception of the sternal side pieces, sparsely clothed with white scales. Beak
curved and slender, longer than the prothorax, finely striate and punctured from
the base to the insertion of the antennie, shining and scarcely punctured beyond,
antennae slender, inserted two-fifths from the apex {%), funicle 7-jointed, joints
12 elongate, 3-4 shorter, subequal. outer joints short, club elliptical. Head
closely and not coarsely punctured ; prothorax wider than long, gradually nar-
rowed fnnn the base, sides feebly rounded for three-fourths their length, broadly
but not strongly constricted behind the apical margin, ocular lobes prominent,
lateral tubercles small, acute ; dorsjil channel distinct, wide, not deep, disc coarsely
jiunctured, punctures not crowded, each bearing a short hair. Elytra elongate
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER, lH9(i.
432 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
oval, moderately convex, a little wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri
oblique, somewhat prominent, broadly rounded on the sides, posterior callus ob-
solete, strige wide, well impressed, distinctly and rather remotely punctured, in-
terstices not much wider than the striae, slightly convex, a scutellar spot of white
scales; pygidium not coarsely punctured, anterior coxge very narrowly separated ;
femora feebly clavate, middle and posterior with a rather large tooth ; tibiae par-
allel, tarsi rather stout, third broadly bilobed and as long as the preceding joint,
fourth short, projecting less than the length of the third, claws armed with a
short, acute, basal tooth. Length 2.5 mm. ; 0:10 inch.
%. Last ventral segment deeply impressed in its apical half; tibise not uu-
guiculate at the apex.
Hab.— Ohio.
A single male specimen in Mr. Ulke's coll. is the type of this in-
teresting addition to our fauna. The bright seueous lustre of the
elytra at once distinguishes this species.
C bolteri n. sp. — Oblong oval, blackish, elytra dark steel-blue, above sparsely
clothed with short, fine pubescence, a scutellar spot of white scales, underside
finely and not closely punctured, scales grayish white, not dense. Beak curved,
slender, somewhat shining, striate and punctured from the base to the insertion
of the antennae, more finely punctured and shining toward the apex; antennae
slender, inserted just before ( ^ ) or at the middle ( 9 ), funiele 7-jointed, first and
second joints elongate, joints 3-4 subequal, outer joints short, club elliptical
Head densely punctured, clothed with coar.se pubescence; prothorax one-half
wider than long, one-third wider at the base than at the apex, narrowed from
base to tip, sides feebly rounded, broadly constricted behind the apical margin,
the constriction scarcely evident on the sides, dorsal channel less distinct at the
middle, ocular lobes prominent, lateral tubercles small, acute, disc not very closely
punctured, punctures of moderate size; scutel small, sc^ly. Elytra one-fourth
wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri oblique, gradually narrowed from
the humeral prominence, strive fine, superficial, punctures small, interstices
slightly convex, rugose, shining; femora feebly clavate, all armed with an acute
tooth, smaller on the anterior pair, tibiae slender, parallel, widened at the tip,
tarsi rather slender, third joint bilobed, first and second joints short, subequal,
fourth longer than the first joint, claws simple. Length 2.5 mm. : 0.10 inch.
% . Last ventral segmeut transversely impressed ; middle and posterior tibia'
unguiculate at the apex.
Hab.— IS. Illinois.
A % and $ specimen kindly given to me by Mr. A. Bolter, to
whom it gives me pleasure to dedicate this species. The specimen.^
had the label " C. erysimi F," attached, and this species certainly
bears a very close resemblance to the European, from which, how-
ever, it differs by its larger size, the toothed femora and much more
slender tarsi. I have specimens of C. eri/f<iiiil F. from Fiance,
Belgium, Greece and Karpathes Mountains, widely removed locali-
ties, w'hich show no difference whatever. In this species the under-
side of the body and the leys have a decided leneous lustre.
AMERICAN COLEOrXEKA.
438
C liirticollis n. sp.— Obloiif; oval, black, elytra with a faint chalyheous
lustre, pruthurax clothed above with loii}?, coarse jnibesceiice. elytra very finely
imboscent, underside clothed with small, piliforni scales. Beak Ion}; and slender,
curved, striate and punctured from the base to the insertion of the antennje.
punctulate and shining toward the apex ; antenna; inserted two-fiftlis from the
apex ( 'J, ), or at the middle (9), funicle 7-jointed, joints 1-2 longer, following
joints gradually shorter, club ovidal. Head convex, closely punctured, clothed
with elongate, pale yellowish scales ; prothorax one-half wider than long, one-
third wider at the base than at the apex, rounded on the sides, feebly constricted
at the ai)ex when seen from above, anterior half transverselj* impressed, inipres-
siou sharply limited posteriorly, anterior margin with two very small, but acute
and rather remote cusjjs, lateral tubercles small, acute, dorsal channel entire and
extending through the anterior transverse impression, ocular lobes well developed,
sides and basal half coarsely and closely jjunctured, more finely punctured on the
anterior half, transverse impression, dorsal sulcus and a line each side, clothed
with long, coarse, pale yellowish pubescence ; scutel very minute. Elytra nearly
one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri somewhat prominent,
gradually narrowed posteriorly, sides broadly rounded, posterior callus feeble,
strite well defined, sujierficial, punctures very small, not closelj' approximate'
iutei-spaces flattened about twice as wide as the strife, finely rugose; underside
flnely punctured. Legs long and slender, femora armed with a large and very
acute tooth, tibite subparallel, gradually widened to the apex, tarsi slender,
slightly compressed, third joint not broadly bilobed, fourth a little shorter than
the two preceding joints together, claws simple. Length 2.5 mm. ; 0.10 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with deep and sharply defined transverse fovea, tibise
unguiculate.
Hab. — Illinois, Wisconsin.
ISIr. A. Bolter's and my own coll. A quite distinct species.
V. armntns n. sp. — Oval, robust, entirely ferruginous, above nearly glalirous^
shining, very sparsely clothed with a fine, scale-like i)ubescence, underside finely
and suiierticially punctured and (clothed with small, pale scales. Beak much
longer than the prothorax, curved, cyliiidric^il, slightly tapering toward the ajiex,
striate and punctured in its basal half, more shining and punctulate toward the
apex, antenme slender, testaceous, inserted a trille beyond the middle, funicle
G-jointed, joints 1-3 elongate, first joint longer, second and third equal, outer
joints short, club rather small, elongate acuminate. Head convex, densely and
coarsely punctured ; protiiorax wider than long, one-third wider at the base than
at the ai)ex, narrowed from the base, rounded on the sides, scarcely c(>nstri(-ted
on tlie sides, but deeply impressed behind the elevated apical margin, the latter
entire, lateral tubercles absent, dorsal channel obsolete, except a slight impression
at the base and at the apex, surface densely punctured, punctures moderate, basal
margin stniight each side, ocular lobes feeble ; scutel minute, glabrous. Elytra
scarc^ely longer than wide, ii little wider at the base than the prothorax, narrowed
behind, feebly rounded on the sides, striie impressi^d, wide, strongly and closely
l)unctureil, intei'spaces slightly convex, smooth and shining, each with a row of
very fine setigerous punctures, seta» erect, whitish, declivity acutely tuberculate-
especially on the fifth, sixth and seventh interspaces; pygidium very small ( 9 )>
visible only between the apices of the elytra ; anterior coxae scan-ely prominent,
antecoxal ridges very acute. Legs slender, femora armed with a small, acute
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (.55) - DECEMBKR. 1«»6
434 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
tooth ; tibiffi being slender, parallel, tarsi narrow, third joint feebly hilobed.
fourth joint long, claws small, ai'iued with a long basal tooth. Length 2.5 mm. ;
0.10 inch.
Hub. — Texas.
A female specimen in Mr. Ulke's coll. A peculiar species, the
very small pygidium, not visible from below, the fifth ventral seg-
ment filling the apical space between the elytra and the scarcely
prominent anterior coxie, might justify its generic separation, for
want of more material, especially the male, I prefer to leave it where
it is.
C polliiiosns n. sp. — Oblong oval, black, thinly clothed above, with very
.small, pale scales, underside densely punctured, each puncture bearing a pale, but
somewhat larger scale. Beak rather stout, coai-sely punctured throughout, ob-
scurely subangulate about the insertion of the auteunje, the latter inserted two-
fifths from the apex { ^ ), or at the middle ( 9 ), funicle 6-jointed, joints 1-3 longer,
club ovoidal. Head densely punctured ; prothorax wider than long, strongly
narrowed in front, rounded on the sides, broadly and strongly constricted at the
apex, ocular lobes not prominent, anterior margin elevated, slightly emarginate,
lateral tubercles obtuse, dorsal sulcus entire, disc evenly and coarsely punctured ;
scutel minute. Elytra one-third wider at the base than the prothorax. humeri
prominent, sides nearly straight and very little narrowed posteriorly for about
three-fourths their length, striae rather wide, impressed, closely punctured, inter-
spaces flattened, less than twice the width of the strife, rugose, with a feeble lustre,
sutural interspace glabrous, declivity feebly muricate ; pygidium large, densely
punctured. Legs moderate, femora feebly clavate, armed with a very small,
acute tooth, tibiai rather stout, a little widened towards the apex, tarsi stout, first
and second joints not longer than wide, third moderately bilobed, fourth pro-
jecting the length of the preceding joint, claws simple. Length 2.25-2.5 mm. ;
0.09-0.10 inch.
% . Last ventral segment foveate, tibiee not unguiculate.
Hah. — California. Dr. Horn's and Mr. Ulke's coll.
A male and female specimen are before me. RecvOgnized by its
entirely black color and the glabrous sutural interspace.
hornii group.
The species which constitute this group are characterized by the
elytra being distinctly tuberculate. The antennal funicle consists
of seven joints, the femora are mutic and the claws toothed or cleft-
The middle and posterior tibite are unguiculate in the males.
Only three species belong here, which are distinguisiied as follows :
Larger species, above glabrous, claws witii a short basal tooth hornii.
Smaller, densely squamous, claws bifid.
Elytral interspaces with a row of tubercles nodipenni!*.
Tubercles confined to the humeral region and the declivity. ■ • .ndjiiiictus.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 435
C. lioruii n. sp. PI. xiii, fig. 25.— Oval, black, depressed, above glabrous, very
thinly i)iibescent, underside densely and finely punctiired and clothed with elon-
gate, white scales. Beak moderately .slender, curved, very little longer than the
protliorax (% ), .striate and punctured beyond the middle, shining near the apex,
scrobes parallel, nearly straight, widened posteriorly; antennse slender, inserted
just before the middle, first and second joints of funicle elongate, former stouter,
joints 3-4 shorter, equal, outer joints scarcely wider, club large, ovoidal, acumi-
nate. Eyes round, somewhat convex, not entirely concealed by the feeble post-
ocular lobes. Head densely i)unctured, pubescent, front concave; protliorax one-
half wider than long, nearly two fifths. wider at the base than at the apex, well
rounded on the sides and deeply constricted behind the apical margin, the latter
elevated lateral tubercles in form of an elevated transverse ridge, concave on its
anterior face, dorsal sulcus entire, ill-defined on the disc and ending in a fovea
anteriorly, surface densely punctured, jjunctures large, superficial, basal margin
straight; scutel elongate, glabrous. Elytra one-third and rather suddenly wider
at the base than the prothorax, sides feebly rounded, subparallel for three-fourths
their length, then strongly rounded to theai)ex, stria; sharply defined, not deeply
impressed, closely punctured, interspaces wide, each with a row of large, acute
tubercles, tubercles directed backward and bearing on their posterior fa(^e near
the summit a straight and nearly horizontal seta, sutural interspace with a line
of white scales, its outer half with a row of smaller tubercles; pygidium perpen-
dicular (%), slightly inflexed and rather large, punctured ; anterior coxse nar-
rowly separated. Legs long, femora scarcely clavate, mutic, tibia; slender, grad-
ually widened towards the apex, tarsi slender, first and second joints elongate,
third broadly bilobed, lobes long, fourth joint long and slender, projecting the
length of the preceding joint, claws armed with a small, obtuse, basal tooth.
Length 3.0-3.2 mm. : 0.12 0.13 inch.
%. Last ventral segment deeply foveate, fovea circumvallate in its anterior
half, tibiie unguiculatc.
Hab. — Southern California. Three males, Dr. Horn's coll.
Different from any Ceutorhynchid known to me, and at once
recognized by its glabrous, strongly tuberculate elytra and white
sutural vitta. I dedicate this species, with pleasure, to my friend,
G. H. Horn.
C nodi pen II is n. sp. — Oval. depre.ssed, black, densely clothed above and
beneath with large, grayish white, or pale ochreous scales. Beak slender, about
as long ('^ ), or much longer ( J) than the prothorax, cylindrical ; finely punc-
tate and striate toward the apex and squaraose in its basal third, remotely punc-
tulate and shining beyond in the female; antennse slender, inserted just before
the middle ( % ), or one-third from the base ( 9 ). first two joints of funicle elon-
gate, first very little stouter than the second, joints 3-4 equal, outer joints a little
wider, club large, ovoidal, acuminate. Eyes not entirely concealed by the fairly
well developed, prothoracic lobes. Head convex, densely scaly ; prothorax wider
than long, a trifle over one-fourth wider at the base than at the apex, sides broadly
constricted behind the apical margin, the latter elevated, feebly emarginate at the
middle, lateral tubercles transverse, prominent, dorsal channel evident, but like the
punctures concealed by the crowded, piliform scales, base broadly emarginate each
side : scutel scarcely visible. Elytra one-third and rather suddenly, wider at the
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER. 1896
436 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
base tbau the protborax, subtrapezoidal. a little longer than wide, finely striate,
punctures concealed by the scales, interspaces wide, three to eight with a row of
large, acute tubercles, each bearing a short sets© on its posterior face near the
summit, the fourth interspace is tuberculate in its apical third only, the sixth for
two-thirds its length ; pygidium perpendicular, small, scaly. Legs densely scaly,
femora feebly clavate, tibise not slender, widened towards the apex, tarsi slender,
first and second joints elongate, the former longer than the latter, third broadly
bilobed, lobes long, fourth joint long and slender, nearly as long as the two pre-
ceding joints together, claws bifid. Length 2.5 mm. ; 0.10 inch.
%, . Last ventral segment with longitudinal fovea; tibiaj unguiculate.
Hab. — Lo.s Angeles, Cal., on a .species of Ceanothus (Coquillett).
Ten specimens, Nat. Mus. coll., are before me. Very closely re-
lated to the next species.
C adjunctus n. sp. — This species entirely agrees with the preceding in
form, habitus and the density of its scaly covering and from which it is to be
distinguished by the following characters: scales pale, yellowish white. Legs
rufo-testaceous, elytral interspaces alternately wider, elytral tubercles confined
to the humeral region and the summit of the declivity, several small tubercles
near the base of the sixth interspaces, the wider interspaces with some flattened
granules, entirely concealed by the scales and scarcely perceptible. Length 2.25
mm. ; 0.09 inch.
"J, . Last ventral segment broadly foveate, tibiae unguiculate.
Hah. — Utah, Nevada.
Dr. Hyrn's and Mr. Ulke's collections. A specimen in Mr. Ulke's
collection bears the label " C. stanleyi Schwarz." As I am not aware
that this species has been described, and all my efforts to ascertain
if such has been done have proven of no avail, I am compelled to
consider it a nondescript, perfectly willing to renounce authorshij)
when the original description may come to light.
convexicollis group.
Contains all those species with 7-jointed antennal funicle which
have the femora mutic, claws toothed and the elytra at most muri-
cate on the declivity. The species are fairly numerous and more
closely allied, presenting no special habitus and varying in size from
medium to minute. All have the fir.st and second joints of the fu-
nicle elongate, former more robust, joints 3-4 shorter, equal, club
variable. The males in all have the fifth ventral segment foveate,
and the middle and posterior tibite unguiculate at the apex.
The following analytical table, together with the specific descrip-
tions and illustrations, will enable the student to determine his
material :
AMERICAN COLEOPTEKA. 437
Second and third joints of anterior tarsi together longer than the fourth. PI.
xiv, fig. 316.
Dark piceous or black, antennal club elongate, acuminate; elytral interspaces
without a row of setai. PI. xiv, fig. 30.
Lobes of third tarsal joint longer, fourth not projecting more than the length
of the third joint. Pl.-xiv, fig. 316.
Oblong, tarsi slender, no sutural vitta Illiif lihiliN.
Broadly oval, tarsi stout, a white sutural vitta OViiliK.
Lobes of third tarsal joint short, the fourth projecting more than the length
of the third.
Larger, scales not intermixed with fine ])ubescence intoriiiofliiis.
Smaller, above finely pubescent, sprinkled with larger scales- ii mil iiliiM.
Legs ferruginous, antennal club less elongate, ovoidal (if entirely black, elytra
with rows of erect seta').
Elytral intersjiaees without rows of setae.
Densely and uniformly scjuamous ham il toil i.
Pubescent above, apical part of elytra more or less rufous.
Tarsi stouter, second and third joints about equal, fourth projecting
scarcely more than the length of the third joint pil^io.
Tarsi nior'^ slender, joints 1-3 gradually shorter, fourth long, ijrojecting
nearly twice the length of the third ad^persiillis.
Elytral inters])aces with a row of erect setai.
Larger, oblong, prothorax less rounded on the sides, legs ferruginous.
piiMilliis.
Very small, entirely blackish, oval, prothorax strongly rounded on the sides.
pauxillus.
Second and third joints together, of anterior tarsi, shorter than the fourth ; an-
tennal club broadly oval, not acuminate, elytra with rows of sub-
erect setae. PI. xiv, figs. 31c, 30a con vcxicollis.
C. iniitabilis n. sp. PI. xiv, figs. 30, 316. — Oblong oval, entirely black,
above sparsely clothed with larger, appressed, white scales, intermixed with small,
siiberect, piliform scales arranged in one or more irregular rows on the elytral
interspaces, underside clothed with whitish scales, which are rounded or oval on
the sterna, piliform on the abdomen. Beak long and slender, curved, striate and
punctured, squamous at the base; antennse slender, club, elongate-elliptic, acu-
minate. Eyes not entirely concealed in repose. Head convex, densely ])unctured,
front flattened or slightly coticave : ])rothorax wider than long, one-third wider
at the ba.se than at the apex, strongly rounded cm the sides, rather suddenly nar-
rowed in front, strongly and broadly constricted at the apex, apical margin ele-
vated, straight or nearly so, ocular lobes prominent, lateral tubercles small, trans-
verse, dorsal sulcus entire, well impressed throughout, disc densely and rather
finely punctured, each i)uncture bearing a coarse, scale-like hair, a line each side
and along the dorsal channel of pale scales; scutel small, glabrous. Elytra a
little wider at the base than the prothorax, oblong, a little narrowed behind,
slightly rounded on the sides, posterior callus with a grouj) of acute granules,
striae wide, well impressed, distinctly and closely punctured, interspaces some-
what convex, very rugose, a scutellar spot and short sutural line of white scales
more or less distinct; pygidium and underside densely punctured. Legs clothed
with squamiform pubescence, femora clavate. mutic. tibiie subparallel. tarsi slen-
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBEE. 1896.
438 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
der, first and second joints elongate, third broadly bilobed, fourth shorter than
the two preceding joints together and projecting as much as the length of the
fourth, claws rather large and armed with an acute, basal tooth. Length 2.5-
2.75 mm. : 0.10-0.11 inch.
Hub. — Santa Rosa County, California (Dr. Horn), San Francisco
County (Nat. Mus. coll., Ulke), Kansas (Ulke).
This species varies considerably in appearance, according as the
larger scales are present or not. A specimen in Mr. Ulke's collec-
tion from Kansas has the thoracic punctures larger, but does not
differ otherwise. Another specimen in the same collection from
California differs by its smaller size (2.25 mm. J and the suberect
scales on the elytral interspaces arranged in a single row.
C. ovalis n. sp. PI. xiii, figs. 26, 26rt, 266. — Oval, convex, dark piceous,
above thinly clothed with fine, brownish pubescence and scattered, large, oval,
white scales, a scutellar spot and sutural vitta of similar scales, underside densely
clothed with large, oval, white, or yellowish white scales, especially crowded on
the sternal side pieces. Beak not very slender, curved, finely striate and punc-
tured from the base to the insertion of the antennae, remotely punctured and
shining toward the apex, antennae not very slender, inserted a little beyond ( % ),
or at the middle ( 9 )> club elongate acuminate. Eyes nearly covered in repose
by the prominent prothoracic lobes. Head densely punctured, front flattened ;
prothorax wider than long, narrowed from the base, the latter one-third wider
than the apex, not strongly constricted at the apex, sides broadly rounded, apical
margin elevated, feebly emarginate, base nearly straight each side with the aute-
scutellHr lobe rather prominent, lateral tubercle obsolete, surface closely and finely
punctured, dorsal channel entire, wide and more deeply impressed near the base ;
sides, anterior impression and median hue, clothed with white scales; scutel very
small, scaly. Elytra oval, convex, a little more than one-fourth wider at the base
than the prothorax, sides rounded, striae fine, impressed with a row of minute
scales, which conceal the closely placed punctures, interspaces wide, flattened,
rough, a few, very minute, though acute granules on the declivity; pygidium
and underside densely punctured ; femora subclavate, tibiae widened to the apex,
feebly curved, tarsi rather stout, the second and third joints together, longer
than the fourth, which projects about the length of the preceding joint, the latter
broadly bilobed, claws small, with an acute basal tooth. Length 2.75-3.0 mm. ;
0.11-0.12 inch.
Hah. — Illinois, Minnesota. Three specimens, Nat. Mus. and Mr.
A. Bolter's collection.
A very distinct species which may be readily recognized by its
size, oval convex form and conspicuous sutural vitta.
C iiitcriiioclius n. sp. — Oblong, black, somewhat depressed, above clothed
with small, white and pale brown scales, interspersed with scattered, large, white
scales, underside densely covered with large, dirty gray scales. Beak long and
slender, curved, shining almost throughout, finely punctulate toward and scaly
at the base ; antennae not very slender, inserted one-third from the base ( 9 ),
outer joints of funicle widened, club large, elongate, acuminate. Head densely
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 439
punctured and scaly, scales grayish white; prothorax wider than long, fully one-
third wider at the base than at the apex, strongly rounded on the sides, broadly
and strongly constricted at the apex, apical margin elevated, ocular lobes feeble,
base broadly emarginate each side, lateral tubercles distinct, obtuse, channel en-
tire, more deeply impressed at the base, and in form of a fovea in front, a longi-
tudinal impressioji each side in front of the lateral tubercle, disc rather coarsely
l>unctured and clothed with coarse, gray pubescence, paler on the sides and along
the dorsal channel ; scutel scarcely visible. Elytra about one-fourth wider at the
base than the prothorax, a little longer than wide and very little narrowed on
the sides for three-fourths their length, then rajiidly rounded to the apex, strise
deep, wide, closely punctured, each puncture bearing an elongate, white scale,
interspaces little wider than the striai, flattened, rugose, small scales suberect and
'arranged in one or two rows on each intei'space, the large white scales condensed
in an ill-defined scutellar spot and extending in a line along the sutural inter-
space, also on the side towards the apex; summit of the declivity with small,
acute granules: tibise slender, parallel, tarsi with the first two-joints elongate,
third joint hilobed. rather short, fourth shorter than the two jireceding joints
and projecting a trifle more than the length of the third, claws armed with an
acute basal tooth. Length ^.To mm.; 0.11 incli.
Hab. — Pennsylvania.
A female specimen in Dr. Horn's collection closely related to the
following species.
C iinmulns n. sp. — Oblong oval, dark piceous, above clothed with brownish
pubescence, a sutural vitta and some scattered scales, white, underside densely
clothed with dirty gray scales. Beak long and slender, squamous at the base-
finely striate and punctured in its basal half, shining and more remotely punc-
tulate toward the apex ; antennje inserted two-fifths from the base ( % ), slender,
outer joints of funicle scarcely wider, club large, elongate, acuminate. Eyes not
completely concealed in repose. Head convex, obscurely sulcate, front imi)ressed,
densely punctured and scaly: i)rothorax more than one-half wider than long and
nearly two-fifths wider at the base than at the apex, strongly rounded on the
sides and constricted at the apex, apical margin elevated, ocular lobes di.stiuct_
])rominent, lateral tubercles small, acute, dorsal channel less distinct at the mid-
dle, disc coarsely and closely jjunctured, coarsely pubescent, paler on the sides
and along the doi"Siil sulcus, base slightly emarginate each side; scutel extremely
minute. Elytra about one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, feebly
rounded on the sides and gradually narrowed posteriorly, striaj and )>unctures
fine, intersprces wide, flat, rugose, summit of the declivity strongly muricate, a
short basal line on the second interspace, of white scales, similar scales aggre-
gated along the base and on the sides towards the apex ; pygidium densely scaly.
Legs long and slender, femora subdavate, tibia" subparallel, tarsi slender, second
and third joints together longer than the fourth, the latter projects a little more
than the length of the third joint which is not broadly bilobed, claws with an
acute basal tooth. Length 2.2,^ mm.; 0.09 inch.
% . Fovea of last venti-al segment confined to the apical half, an obtuse tubercle
each side.
Hah. —Texas.
A single male specimen, also in Dr. Horn's coll. Very closely
TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER. 1896.
440 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
resembles intermedius, and, with more material, may prove to be
identical. It appears to differ in the much finer pubescence, smaller
size, more rounded form, prothorax less deeply impressed in front
and the conspicuous sutural vitta ; lastly, the far removed habitat
from the preceding species should not be lost sight of.
C liamiltoni n. sp. — Oblong, depressed, reddish browu, head and under-
side of body dark piceous, above densely clothed with small, yellowish brown
scales, slightly variegated with paler scales, scales of the underside pale ochreous
and somewhat larger. Beak slender, a little CJ) ) or considerably ( 9 ) longer than
the prothorax, feebly curved nearer the apex, tinely punctured, scaly toward the
base; autennse slender, inserted a trifle beyond (%) or just before the middle
( 9 ), outer joints of funicle scarcely wider, club moderately large, ovoid. Head
densely punctured and scaly, front flattened ; prothorax one-half wider than
long, fully one-third wider at the base than at the apex, well rounded on the
sides and strongly constricted at the apex, ocular lobes ob.solete, apical margin
elevated, slightly emarginate, lateral tubercles small, acute, dorsal channel nar-
row, feebly impressed, disc densely punctured, punctures small, base biemargin-
ate; scutel minute, glabrous. Elytra longer than wide, less than one-third wider
at the base than the prothorax, broadly rounded on the sides and gradually nar-
rowed behind, strise fine, each with a row of scales concealing the punctures,
interspaces wide, rugose, posterior callus with a few asperities ; pygidium sub-
carinate. punctured and scaly. Legs slender, thinly covered with scales, femora
not clavate, tibise subparallel, tarsi rather stout, first and second joints not elon-
gate, second and third together longer than the fourth ; claws with a short, acute
basal tooth. Length 2.5 mm. ; 0.10 inch.
% . Last ventral with a deep, round fovea, 9 with a circular impression.
Hab. — Massachusetts, Cape Cod (Hamilton), Truro (Dr. Horn),
Nantucket Island (A. Bolter).
A very distinct species. Specimens in Dr. Hamilton's and Mr.
Bolter's collections bear the memorandum " on Kekele americana."
C piisio Mann. — Oval, convex, dark piceous, apical part of elytra and legs
reddish brown, above thinly clothed with fine, brownish, scale-like pubescence,
with si)ots and lines of larger, elongate, whitish scales. Beak cylindrical, feebly
curved, shining, finely punctured, antennse slender, inserted about the middle
{%), or two-tifths from the base ( 9)) outer joints of funicle very little wider,
club elongate oval. Eyes not entirely concealed in repose. Head densely punc-
tured and squamous, front impressed along the median line : prothorax wider
than long, strongly narrowed from the base to the apex, the latter not constricted
on the sides, sides broadly rounded, a wide impression behind the apical margin,
lateral tubercles a-cute, anterior margin with two small, remote cusps, a curved
line extending from the lateral tubercles to the ajncal cusps, dorsal channel ob-
solete on the disc; disc densely i)unctured. punctures rather small, ocular lobes
feeble, base emarginate each side, sides densely clothed with wlntish scales ; scutel
small, glabrous. Elytra fully one fourth wider at the base than the prothorax,
oval, convex, scarcely longer thar. wide, rounded on the sides and obviously nar-
rowed to the apex, striaj impressed, rather wide, closely punctured, interspaces
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 441
slightly convex, rugose, posterior callus feebly muricate. a large scutellar spot of
pale scales; pygidiuni strongly carinate, sterna densely, abdomen more remotely
and not deeply punctured, clothed with white scales, more dense on the sternal
side pieces. Legs slender, pubescent, femora sul)clavate, tibise parallel, a little
widened at the apex, tarsi not slender, first joint a little elongate, following two
joints equal in length, third broadly bilobed, fourth projecting the length of the
third joint, claws with a small basal tooth. Length 2.0-2.2 mm. ; 0.08-0.09 inch.
% . Fovea of last ventral segment large, deep and sharply defined.
9 • Last ventral segment with smaller, rounded and less sharply defined fovea.
Hub. — Western and Southern States, Colorado, Wyoming, Oregon,
Vancouver, British Columbia.
Numerous s})ecimens are before me. Dr. LeConte describes the
claws as being simple, they are nevertheless toothed, the tooth being-
very small and readily overlooked. The elytra are more or less red-
dish brown, at least so, in their a])ical portion, entirely so in some
specimens with the exception of a triangular basal space.
C adspcrsuliis n. sp. — Oblong oval, dark brown, antennaj. legs and apex
of the elj'tra rufous, above thinly clothed with hair-like pubescence, interspersed
with large, oval, white scales; underside densely scaly, scales elongate, piliform.
Beak long, curved, striate and punctured towards the base, shining and puuctu-
late beyond the insertion of the anteunte, the latter slender, inserted at the mid-
dle ( % ), or before it ( 9 ). joints 3-4 of funicle subequal, outer joints gradually
wider, club oval, acuminate. Head densely punctured and pubescent, front
squamous ; prothorax more than one-half wider than long, one-third wider at the
base than at the apex, strongly rounded on the sides and deeply constricted behind
the apical margin, lateral tubercles transverse, not prominent, dorsal channel ob-
solete on the disc: disc evenly and closely punctured, punctures small, ocular
lobes broad, not prominent, ai)ical margin elevated, base nearly straight each
side ; sides, apical constriction and median line more densely clothed with white
scales; scutel small, glabrous. Elytra longer than wide, one-fourth wider at the
base than the prothorax, not markedly narrowed posteriorly, strife fine, punc-
tures small, remote, interepaces rugose, posterior callus with a few acute granules,
a scutellar spot of white scales; femora and tibise at in pusio, tarsi slender, joints
1-3 gradually shorter, fourth joint long and slender, projecting about twice the
length of the third, claws with a short basal tooth. Length 2.4 mm. ; 0.11 inch.
% . Ventral fovea rather deep.
Hab. — California, Arizona. Dr. Horn's and Nat. Mus. coll.
Closely resembles the preceding species, but is less narrowed in
front and behind, the prothorax more strongly rounded on the sides
and more finely punctured, the j)ubescence is finer and longer, the
tarsi more slender with the fourth joint much longer than the third.
The white spots on the elytra consist of single, large scales, instead
of an aggregation of scales as in ])imo. Dr. Horn's specinun lias
the sutural s})ot prolonged as a sutural line.
TRANS. AM. KNT. 80C. XXIII. (56) DKCEMBEK. Ia96.
442 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
C piisilluN Lee. — ObloDg, depressed, reddish brown to dark piecous. legs
always ferruginous, beneath densely clothed with gray scales, above thinly clothed
with pale, scattered scales, each elytral interspace with a row of erect, rigid setae.
Beak a little longer than the prothorax, cylindrical, feebly curved, finely carinate,
punctured and striolate near the base, shining and remotely punctulate beyond
the insertion of the antennae, the latter inserted a little before the middle {%
and 9)> slender, outer joints of funicle not wider, club large, ovoidal-acuminate
Eyes flattened, only partially concealed by the feeble, prothoracic lobes. Head
densely punctured, front slightly concave; prothorax wider than long, gradually
narrowed from the base and feebly rounded on the sides, constricted at the apex,
apical margin elevated, entire, lateral tubercles small, acute, dorsal channel en-
tire, wider towards the base, disc densely punctured, each puncture bearing a
short hair on seta, a line each side and along the middle, of pale scales; scutel
very minute. Elytra oblong, a little wider at the base than the prothorax.
scarcely narrowed for three-fourths their length, then rapidly rounded to the
apex, sides very little rounded, striai deep, closely punctured, interspaces a trifle
convex, rugose, with a row of fine, equidistant, setigerous punctures, declivity
with a few, very small, acute granules, an ill-defined scutellar spot of pale scales ;
pygidium small, convex ( % ), or scarcely visible between the elytral apices ( 9 ) !
femora feebly clavate, tibiae a little widened towards the apex, tarsi very slender,
third joint not broadly bilobed, fourth long, projecting more than the length of
the third, claws armed with a long, acute tooth. Length 2.0 mm. ; 0.08 inch.
% . Ventral fovea profound, rounded.
Hab. — California.
Dr. Horn's, Nat. Mus. and ray own coll. More closely related to
jxiuxillm and convexicollii . It differs from pauxillus by its some-
what larger size, elongate, oblong form, more or less reddish brown
color, from convexicollis by its more elongate form, less strongly
rounded prothorax, hair-like setre, and especially by the more elon-
gate antennal club.
The scales on the upper surface are easily abraded, giving the
insect a hirsute appearance.
C pauxillus n. sp. — Oval, convex, dark piceous, tibiae and tarsi paler, be-
neath clothed with dirt-colored scales, above sparsely clothed with pale scales,
elytral interspaces with a row of stifl", suberect setae. Beak feebly curved, not
very slender, shining, finely punctured, striate and scaly towards the base;
antennae slender, inserted at the middle (%), or immediately before it (J),
outer joints of funicle a little wider. Eyes covered about one-half in repose
by the feeble prothoracic lobes. Head densely punctured, front flattened or a
little concave, squamous; prothorax one-half wider than long, strongly nar-
rowed in front, well rounded on the sides, apex broadly constricted, apical margin
elevated, not emarginate, lateral tubercles rather large, acute, dorsal channel
narrow, ill-defined, obsolete on the disc, the latter rather coarsely though not
very closely punctured, base bi-emarginate; scutel visible. Elytra fully one-
fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, a little longer than wide, narrowed
behind, striae wide, deep, very closely punctured, punctures small, intei-spaces
convex, with a row of setigerous jiunctures; pygidium coarsely punctured;
AMERICAN COLKOPTEKA. 443
femora feebly clavate, tibise a little wick-r towards the apex, tarsi stout, first joint
a little longer, second short, third broadly bilobed. fouith projecting about the
length of the preceding joint, claws armed with a long, acute tooth, almnst bifid.
Length 1.7 mm.; 0.07 inch.
% . Ventral fovea ill-defined.
Hab. — New iNIexico, N. Illinois. Mr. A. Bolter's and my own
coll. The scales on the upper surface are easily rubbed oif, giving
the insect a very hirsute appearance, similar to puslllus. One of
Mr. Bolter's specimens has the elytral interspaces more flattened and
a scutellar spot of white scales.
C coiivcxicollis Lee PI. xiv, figs. 30rt, 31c.— Oblong, pitchy black, legs
rufo-piceous, above not densely clothed with large, pale, appressed scales, inter-
mixed with a coarse, suberect, squaniiform pubescence, underside not densely
clothed with oval or elongate oval, grayish white scales, summit of mesosternal
side pieces densely scaly. Beak curved, more or less shining, punctured through-
out, more finely towards the apex, striolate and sqiiamose near the base ; antennse
inserted just before the middle ( "J) ), or two-fifths from the base ( 9 ). slender,
outer joints of fuuicle wider, club large, oval, obtuse, the first joint forming one-
half its mass. PJyes completely concealed in repose. Head densely punctured,
scaly, front slightly concave ; prothorax one-half wider than long, strongly
rounded on the sides, constricted at the apex, base nearly two-fifths wider than
the former, apical margin elevated, not emarginatc, ocular lobes moderate, lateral
tubercles small, acute, dorsal channel distinct, impressed, base bi-einarginate,
surface coarsely punctured, a median line and one each side interrupted bv t>lie
lateral tubercle, of white scales ; scutel minute, glabrous. Elytra oblong, a little
wider at the base than the prothorax, feebly rounded on the sides, slightly nar-
rowed for three-fifths their length, then rapidly narrowed to the apex, strise
coarse, closely punctured, punctures more or less concealed by the scales, inter-
spaces convex, roughened, finely muricate on the declivity, a scutellar sjiot. not
well defined, of condensed scales; ])ygidium densely sculy, legs and tarsi slendei*.
thinly pubescent, first two joints of tarsi somewhat elongate, third short, not
broadly bilobed, fourth joint very long, equaling in length the two preceding
joints ; claws with a short, but acute, basal tooth. Length 2.0 2.5 mm. ; 0.08-
0.10 inch.
% . Ventral fovea apical, transverse.
Hab. — Colorado, Idaho, Wyoming, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah,
Texas.
Numerous specimens. Dr. LeConte describes the antennne as tes-
taceous, the elytral interspaces as finely alutaceous, these characters
I have not found in any specimen ; nevertheless, I have no doubt of
this being the species described by that author as convexicoll'is.
The appearance of this species varies, according to the presence
or absence of the large scales on the upper surface, similar to the
two preceding species ; from these, as well as all the other species of
this group, it is distinguished by the short, obtu.se, antennal club,
TRAN.S. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER, 1«»6
444 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
and the long fourth joint of the tafsi, the tooth of the claws is quite
short, and the erect scales of the elytra are striate.
Var. atomus. — A small male specimen from Utah, in Mr. Ulke's
collection, presents some differences, which, with more material, may
prove this to be a distinct species. Beak longer, tapering from the
base, front not impressed, prothorax more deeply constricted behind
the apical margin, transverse impression in front more sharply
limited, a little more coarsely punctured. Elytra wider at the base,
alternate interspaces wider, squamiform pubescence semi-procumbent,
pale ochreous, arranged in single or double rows, posterior callus with
some quite distinct, acute tubercles. The large scales are more
pearly white ; an indistinct and interrupted sutural vitta. The
specimen has an altogether smoother, scarcely hirsute appearance.
squamatus group.
A small number of species comprise this group. They are char-
acterized by the 7-jointed funicle of the antennae, femora mutic and
claws simple ; they are of small size, and are distinguished as follows :
Above shining, finely pubesceut with scattered larger scales.
Scutellar spot of elongate, whitish scales antlioiiomoides.
Scutellar spot and transverse fascia behind the middle of the elytra, of large,
white oval scales squainatus.
Above, densely scaly or coarsely pubescent.
Tarsi stouter, third joint broadly bilobed. lobes long, fourth joint not project-
ing more than the length of the third ; anterior margin of prothorax
emarginate, elytra without rows of acute gi-anules. PI. xiv, fig. 31.
Oblong, apical cusps of prothorax acute; no elytral spots, .oregonensis.
Oval, anterior cusps indistinct, elytra with oblique spot and posterior fascia
of condensed scales wiculus.
Tarsi long and slender, fourth joint of anterior tarsi i)rojecting more than the
length of the third ; anterior margin of prothorax entire. PL xiv, fig. 31a.
Larger, not shining above, scales large, intermixed with coarse i)ubescence.
I>er!<iiniilis.
Smaller, shining, above thinly clothed with long, white hair.
albopilosuliis.
C aiillioiioni«i«le!«i n. sp. — Oval elliptic, black, anteniuv and legs rufo-
piceous, above, shining, very thinly clothed with fine, whitish ])ubesceuce with a
few suberect, whitish scales. Beak moderately slender, regularly and rather
strongly curved, cylindrical, glabrous, striate and punctured from the base to the
insertion of the antennae, more remotely punctured towards the apex ; antennae
rather stout, inserted a little beyond the middle ( % ), club ovoidal. Head flat-
tened, very coarsely punctured ; prothorax more than one-half wider than long,
one-third wider at the base than at the apex, convergently rounded on the sides,
constricted at the apex, ocular lobes distinct, lateral tubercles small, acute, dorsal
AMERICAN COLEOPTKUA. 445
channel entire, more deejily impressed before and behind, disc uniformly and not
densely punctured, punctures moderately larpe ; scutel not visible. Elyti-a a
little wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri oblique, rounded on the sides,
striic impressed, closely and distinc^tly punctured, interspaces wider, flattened,
rugulose, a conspicuous scutellar S])ot on the first and second interspaces of white
scales; pyjiidium finely and subconfiuently punctured; undei^side densely and
coarsely punctured, mesosternum and side i)ieces densely, rest of surface less
densely clothed with larjie, elongate scales, smaller on the abdomen. Legs some-
what robust, tibiae a little widened towards the apex, tarsi moderate, first and
second Joints elongate, third broadly bilobed, fourth shorter than the two pre-
ceding joints together. Length 2.5 mm. ; 0.10 inch.
%. Last ventral segment with rounded fovea, middle and posterior tibise
rather strongly nnguiculate.
Hab. — District of Columbia.
A male specimen in Mr. Dike's collection. This species resembles,
somewhat, Anthonomus flavicornis Boh.
C $$qnainatiis Lee. — Oval, robust, subdepressed, piceous, antennae and legs
rufo-piceous, underside clothed with grayish white scales, crowded on the sternal
side pieces, above finely pubescent, scutellar spot and a transverse elytral fascia
behind tiie middle of large, oval scales. Beak long and slender, evenly cylin-
drical, curved, finely punctured and striate towards the base, more shining to-
wards the apex ; antenna?- inserted immediately before the middle, slender, funicle
7-jointed. first joint stout, second slender and shorter, joints 3-4 subequal, outer
joints a little wider, club strongly elongate, about as long as joints 2-7 of funicle.
Eyes almost entirely concealed in rejjose. Head convex, densely punctured, front
slightly flattened; prothorax one-half wider than long, narrowed in front and
decjily constricted at the apex, ocular lobes moderate, apical margin not strongly
elevated, entire, lateral tubercles acute, dorsal channel entire, more deeply im-
pressed and wider toward the base, less distinct at the middle, surface closely
punctured, punctures rather small, sides and dorsal channel clothed with whitish
scales; .scutel evident. Elytra ovate, about one-quarter wider at the base than
the prothorax, sides rounded and narrowed towards the apex, stria? wide, deep,
closely and distinctly punctured, intei-spaces slightly convex, somewhat shining,
rugose, finely muricate on the declivity, besides the scutellar spot and transverse
fascia, there are some large, scattered scales, especially along the base; pygidium
densely punctured. Legs moderate, femora mutic, subclavate. tibiae parallel, a
little wider at the apex, tai-si stout, third joint broadly bilobed, lobes long, fourth
joint projecting much less than the length of the third ; claws simple. Length
2.2-2.5 mm. ; 0.09-0.10 inch.
•J, . Last ventral segment with a deep, transverse, oval excavation ; tibise not
distinctly nnguiculate.
Hah. — Iowa, Kentucky, Illinois.
Three specimens, all males, are before me. An easily recognized
species.
C oregonensis n. sp. PI. xiv, fig. 31.— Oblong, pitchy black, legs rufous^
underside densely clothed with dirt-colored scales, above not densely, with i)ale
brown or grayish yellow, small, elongate scales. Beak not very slender, feebly
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER, 1896.
446 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
curved, shining, finely punctulate, striate and scaly towards the base ; aiitennse
not slender, inserted before ( 9 ) or at the middle ( % ), funicle 7-joiuted, first and
second joints longer, joints 3-7 gradually shorter and wider, club ovoid, acumi-
nate. Head closely punctured and scaly, front concave between the eyes; pro-
thorax wider than long, two-fifths wider at the base than at the apex, rounded
on the sides and broadly constricted at the apex, ocular lobes feeble, apical mar-
gin elevated, emarginate at the middle with a triangular cusp each side, lateral
tubercles acute, dorsal channel narrow, impressed, subinterrupted at the middle,
disc closely and rather coarsely punctured, each puncture bearing a coarse, scale-
like hair, sides clothed witn pale scales; scutel minute. Elytra subtrapezoidal,
less than one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri oblique, promi-
nent, feebly rounded on the sides and slightly narrowed posteriorly, declivity
rather precipitous, muricate, striae not deeply impressed, punctured, each punc-
ture bearing a white elongate scale, interspaces flattened, rather wide, rugose, an
irregular, scutellar spot of white scales; femora rather slender, subclavate, tibiae
somewhat compressed, widened towards the apex, tarsi stout, first and second
joints not elongate, fourth projecting about the length of the third joint, claws
stout, simple; pygidium finely punctured and squamous. Length 2.0 mm. ; 0.08
inch.
% . Last ventral segment with an ill-defined fovea and a tubercle-like eleva-
tion each side, middle and posterior tibiai unguiculate, more distinctly on the
middle pair.
Hab. — Portland, Oreg., Idaho (collected by F. H. Wickham).
Dr. Horn's and ray own collection. The two specimens from Idaho
differ somewhat from the above description ; upper surface more
densely scaly, scales more yellowish and intermixed with white scales,
the dorsal channel is wider and more deeply impressed.
C siculns n. sp. PL xiv, fig. 27. — Oval, rather convex, blackish, antennae
and legs rufo-testaceous, beneath clothed with small, whitish or cream-colored
scales, the latter especially on the sternal side pieces, above clothed with a fine,
white or pale brown, squamiform pubescence inteimixed with larger white scales.
Beak rather stout, curved, scarcely as long as the prothorax ( % ), finely carinate,
punctured, striolate, pubescent throughout; antennae slender, inserted two-fifths
from the apex {%), first two joints of funicle elongate, first joint stouter, outer
joints scarcely wider, club large, elongate, pointed. Head densely punctured,
coarsely pubescent, front flattened ; prothorax wider than long, strongly nar-
rowed in front, rounded on the sides and constricted at the apex, ocular lobes
well developed, apical margin elevated, emarginate at the middle, lateral tuber-
cles small, acute, dorsal sulcus entire, of equal width, not deeply impressed, basal
margin straight, disc closely punctured, sides clothed with pale scales; scutel
minute. Elytra scarcely longer than wide, more than oue-fourtli wider at the
base than the prothorax, feebly rounded on the sides and gradually nairowed
behind for three-fourths their length, then suddenly narrowud to the apex, striae
fine, punctures small, each bearing a white, piliform scale and more or less con-
cealed by the scaly vestiture, interspaces slightly convex, rugulose, a few very
small, acute granules on the summit of the declivity, the latter rather precipitous,
an oblique spot extending from below the humerus on the ninth interspace to the
sixth interspace inclusive, another spot near the base on the fourth, and another
AMERICAN COLEOPTKRA. 447
oil the base of the second interspaces, thus foriiiint; an interrupted line from the
end of the oblique spot on tlie sixth to the basal spot on the second interspace, a
short sutural line and a less distinct post-median fascia of white, piliform scales:
anterior coxae narrowly separated, femora and tibise slender, former mutic, the
latter widened towards the apex, first joint of tarsi a little elongate, lobes of
third rather long, fourth projecting less than the length of the third joint, claws
very small, simple. Length 2.0-2.25 mm. ; 0.08 0.09 inch.
% . Fovea of last ventral segment transverse, oval, sharply limited, middle
and posterior tibise distinctly unguiculate at the apex.
Hab. — District of Columbia, Virginia. Nat. Mus. and Mr. Ulke's
collection. Two males.
This species is not unlike C. obUquui^ Lee, from wliich it differs
by its 7-jointed antennal funicle and mutic femora. The two speci-
mens differ considerable in appearance, the specimen in the National
Museum is more densely scaly, has the scaly vestiture better preserved
and the spots on the second and fourth elytral interspaces large and
conspicuous, while the post-median band is evident only on the sides.
Mr. Ulke's specimen has the oblique spot quite conspicuous and sur-
rounded by a subglabrous space and the post-median fascia quite
distinct, the spot on the fourth interspace is quite small. It seems
that the yellowish scales are more easily abraded than the white
scales, the former being almost absent in Mr. Ulke's specimens.
C\ persiniilis n. sp. PI. xiv, fig. 31a. — Oblong, black, antenna; and legs
p.iler, densely clothed beneath with grayish white scales, above with coai-se,
grayish, squamiform pubescence intermixed with white scales of various sizes.
Beak a trifie longer than the prothorax ( 9 ). cylindric^xl, curved, glabrous, re-
motely punctured, finely striate towards and scaly at the base: antennre piceous,
slender, inserted two-fifths from the base ( 9 )< 'ii"st two joints of funicle elongate,
3-4 short, equal, outer joints scarcely wider, club elliptic, acuminate. Head
densely i)unctured and scaly, front flattened ; prothorax a little wider than long,
narrowed from the base, broadly rounded on its posterior two-thirds, broadly and
deeply constricted behind the apical margin, the latter elevated, entire, a trans-
verse ridge extending from the lateral tubercles towards the median line and
limiting posteriorly a broad, transvei-se groove which occupies the anterior half
of the prothorax, dorsal channel widened anteriorly, ocular lobes prominent,
base feebly emarginate each side, disc closely punctured, punctures larger on the
sides, the latter more densely clothed with pale scales; scutel small, distinct.
Elytra less than one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, sides nearly
straight and gradually narrowed for three-fourths their length, then oblicjuely
narrowed to the apex, stria; impressed, jiunctured, more or less concealed by the
sciiles, interspaces slightly convex, each with a row of very small, acute granules,
which become larger and more evident on the declivity, a not well defined spot
behind the scutellum of white scales; femora feebly clavate, piceous, uiutic, tibise
and tarsi rufo-piceous, the former subi)arallel. the latter slender, first and second
joints elongate, compressed, third broadly bilobed, fourth long and slender, pro-
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER. 1896.
448 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, ]\f.D.
jecting more than the length of the preceding joint, claws small, simple. Length
2.0 mm. : 0.08 inch.
Hab. — Nevada.
A female specimen in iNIr. Ulke's coll. It bears the label " C.
convexicollis Lee," to which, indeed, it bears a close resemblancef
the prothorax, however, is less stongly rounded on the sides and the
claws are simple.
C. albopilosiilus u. sp. — Oblong oval, pitchy black, underside not densely
clothed with elongate with scales, above very sparsely clothed with long, suberect,
white, hair-like scales. Beak long and cylindrical, strongly curved, glabrous,
remotely punctulate in its apical half, striate from base to middle, antennae slen-
der, inserted a Irttle before the middle, first joint of funicle elongate, a little
robust, joints 2-4 about equal, longer than wide, outer three joints transverse,
gradually wider, club rather large, ovoidal, pointed. Head closely punctured,
pubescent, front flattened with concentric rows of punctures; prothorax a little
wider than long, two-fifths wider at the base than at the apes, widest before the
middle, strongly rounded on the sides and deeply constricted behind the apical
margin, a narrow impressed line before the basal margin, giving a somewhat
constricted appearance, broadly impressed in front, lateral tubercles rather large,
prominent, acute, a row of small, acute granules extending from the lateral tu-
bercles towards the median line and a few small granules exterior to the tuber-
cles, an acute tubercle each side of the dorsal channel, the latter subinterrupted
before the middle, impressed in the form of a round, deep fovea behind the apical
margin, the latter strongly elevated, entire, ocular lobes nearly obsolete, base
feebly emargiuate each side; scutel evident, glabrous. Elytra one-fourtli wider
at the base than the prothorax, subquadrate, a trifle longer than wide, finely
striate and punctured, punctures rather small, interspaces wide, somewhat shin-
ing, each with a row of acute granules which become larger and tuberculiform
towards the declivity, a short, ill-defined line of white scales behind the scutel ;
femora clavate. tibiaj subparallel, a little wider towards the apex, tarsi slender,
third joint "broadly bilobed, fourth long and slender, projecting decidedly more
than the length of the third joint, claws simple, rather long and slender, widely
divergent. Length 1.75 mm. ; 0.07 inch.
Hab. — Los Angeles, Cal,
A female specimen in the National Museum coll. A very distinct
species ; its nearest ally is perdmili^, from which it differs by its
smaller size, long and sparse pubescence, obsolete prothoracic lobes
and the row of acute granules on the prothorax ; the granules on
the elytral interspaces are larger.
septentrionis group.
The species belonging to this grouj) are all small in size and are
readily distinguished from those of the preceding groups by the 6-
jointed funicle of the antennae, the unarmed femora and the simple
claws; joints 1-3 of the antennal funicle elongate, the outer three
AMERICAN COI.KOl'TKKA. 449
joints slioi't, clul) vuriuhlc. Tlie middle and po.sterior tihite are lui-
guiculate in the males, simple in the females. They are distinguished
as follows :
{^lytral with sutiiral vitta. PI. xiv, fijrs. 28, 20.
Elytra l)lack, shining, apiiMl jiart rufous, a white lateral spot.. .seilliriiriiN.
Elytra brown, pubescent iiiedijili*^.
Elytra without .sutural vitta, at most a scutellar spot or line of ]>ale scales.
Above clothed with fine pubescence, more or les.s shining.
Larger, 2.0 mm. or more, prothor-ix finely and evenly punctured.
Legs red, fourth tarsal joint long ('■■,> 111 r<>|>iiN.
Legs blackish, fourth tarsal joint shorter ill |I1*omiim.
Very small, less than 2.0 mm., protliora.x coarsley and not evenly punctured.
atri<'iilii»«.
Dark, blackish, above coarsely pubescent.
Larger, antennse of male inserted beyond the middle, pubescence more ap-
pressed sepf ciitrionis.
Smaller, antenna; of male inverted before the middle, pubescence less ap-
prcssed piiboriiiiiM.
Elytra and legs brownish red, scpiamous above xiiiiiiicriiisiiiiii.
€. KCniiruriis Lee. I'l. .xiv, fig. 28.— 0%'al elliptic, nigro-i)iceous. ajiical
half of elytra and legs ferruginous, shining, above very thinly clothed with
short, fine pubescence and large, scattered scales, sutural vitta and lateral spot
of the elytra of large white scales, underside densely clothed with similar scales.
Beak curved, ta])ering from the base, subearinate and striate each side in its basal
half, shining and remotely jmnctu red towards theape.x; antennse inserted imme-
diately before ('$), or at the middle (%,), first two-joints of funicle long, about
equal, third shorter, outer joints wider, club ovoid. Head coarsely and clo.sely
punctured ; i)rothora.x wider than long, fully one-third wider at the base than at
the ai)ex, the latter broadly and strongly constricted, sides rounded, rather sud-
denly narrowed in front, ocular lobes prominent, apical margin elevated, entire,
fuscous, lateral tubercles transverse, acute, distinct, sides deeply impressed in
front of the tubercles, dorsal channel deeply impressed in front and near the
base, almost interrupted at the middle, disc rather coarsely but not closely punc-
tured, sides and channel densely clothed with yellowish white scales; scutel
minute, glabrous. Elytra less than one-tliird wider at the base than at the pro-
thorax, longer than wide, broadly rounded on the sides and gradually narrowed
from humerus to ajiex. strife rather wide, impressed, di.stinctly and closely punc-
tured, interspaces flattened, shining, slightly rugulose and finely punctulate, de-
clivity with a few very minute, acute granules; pygidium densely punctured ;
femora feebly davate. nuitic, tibite subparallel, wider towards the apex, tarsi
stout, second joint short, lobes of third joint rather long, fourth not long, pro-
jecting less than the length of the i)receding joint, claw-s slender, simjjle. Length
2.0 mm.; 0.08 inch.
%. Last ventral segment impressed, impression limited each side by ridges
converging towards the apex.
Hab. — Buffalo (New York), Camida, Detroit (Michigan).
Distinct and etisily recognized by the ferruginous a[)ical litilf of
TRANS. AM. KNT. .S()C. XXIII. (57) DKCKMBKK, 1896
450 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
the elytra, conspicuous white sutural vitta and lateral spot. Dr.
LeConte gives the size as 1.3 ram. The eight specimens before me
show no difference in the measurement given above. This author's
reference to the supposed relationship of the present species to the
European C. querceti Gyll.* is erroneous, the latter species is larger,
antennal funicle 7-jointed, the vestiture consists of a coarse pubes-
cence without sutural vitta or lateral spot of the elytra, the latter
are rufous at the apex, the only approach to similarity I can find.
C medialis Lee. PI. xiv. fig. 29. — Oblong oval, brownish piceous, above
clothed with pale, scale-like pubescence, sutural interspa(!e and base of second
interspace densely, sides behind the middle of the elytra, less densely clothed
with dirty white scales, underside densely clothed with similar scales. Beak
slender, curved, finely punctured, nearly smooth towards the apex, finely striate
each side towards the base, the latter scaly; antennae slender, inserted two-fifths
from the base ( % ), joints 1-3 of funicle long and slender, outer joints wider,
club elliptic pointed. Head densely punctured and scaly : prothorax wider than
long, one-third wider at the base than at the apex, feebly and couvergently
rounded on the sides behind, rather suddenly narrowed in front and broadly
constricted at the apex, ocular lobes distinct, lateral tubercles small, acute, dorsal
sulcus entire, more deeply impressed near the base, surface finely and not very
closely punctured, basal margin straight each side; scutel minute, scaly. Elytra
a little wider at the base than the prothorax, longer than wide, sides nearly
straight and narrowed behind for three-fourths their length, then obliquely nar-
rowed to the apex, posterior callus obvious, muricate, striie well impressed, closely
punctured, punctures more or less concealed by the pubescence, interspaces flat-
tened, rugose ; pygidium closely punctured aud scaly. Legs, tarsi and claws as
in semirufm. Length 2.4 mm. ; 0.09 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with deejjly impressed apical fovea, limited each
side by an oblique acute ridge.
Hah. — Louisiana : Bayou Sara and New Orleans ; Lake Superior
(LeConte).
A male specimen in Dr. Horn's coll. and four in Nat. Mus. coll.
are before, me, and agrees in all particulars with Dr. LeConte's de-
scription except that the prothoracic lobes are quite distinct, and
tlu! prothorax is not strongly punctured.
<'. orytlir<»|»US n. s)). — Oblong oval, blackish, legs reddish brown, above
clothed with a fine pubescence, consisting of short, suberect, hair-like scales, aud
having a faint, brassy lustre. Beak long, curved, somewhat tapering from the
base to the apex, striate aud punctured in its basal half, shining, finely i)unc-
tured and striolate towards the apex ; antennse slender, inserted a little beyond
the middle ( 9 ). joints 1-2 of funicle elongate, the former a little more robust,
joints 3-6 gradually shorter, scarcely wider towards the clava, the latter elon-
gate acuminate. Head finely and very closely punctured ; prothorax more than
* Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, p. 279.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 451
oni'-liuir widiT than Ioiik. one-tliii'd wider at the hasc tliaii at tlie a]K'X. well
roundefl on the sides and strongly constricted at the ajiex, ocular lobes broad, not
prominent, apical margin not much elevated, lateral tubercles somewhat trans-
verse, small, acute, channel linear, interrupted at the middle, superficial, except
at the base, disc evenly and rather finely punctured, basal margin nearly straight
each side ; scutel scarcely visible. Elytra one-fourth wider at tlie base than the
prothorax, longer than wide, feebly rounded on the sides, the latter subparallel
for three-fourths their length, then obliquely rounded to the apex, striie fine,
punctures not clo.sely approximate, interspaces flattened, rugose, posterior callus
with a few very minute, at^ute granules; pygidium closely punctured, underside
not densely clothed with small, whitish scales: femora slender, niutic. tibiie sub-
parallel, a little wider towards the apex, tarsi rather slender, first two joints a
little elongate, third broadly bilobed. lobes long, fourth joint slender, projecting
about the length of the preceding joint, claws simple, slender, divergent. Length
2.0 mm. ; 0.08 inch.
H(xb. — District of Coliiiul)i:i.
A female specinieii in Mr. Ulke's coll., closely related to the next.
The in.-^ertiou of the antenuio beyond the middle of the rostrum in
the female is worthy of note.
V, moro^iis n. sj). — Very closely resembles rnfipex, with which it agrees in
all particulars, except the following: Black, tibite and tarsi piceous. aiitennic red-
dish brown, inserted two-fifths from the base ( 9), joints 1-3 of funicle eloiigate,
.slender, 4-fi short : prothorax very densely punctured in its basal half. Elytra
shining; tibiie slender, jiarallel, not at all widened to the apex, fourth tjirssil joint
shorter, projecting less than the length of the third joint. Length 2.2.^ mm.;
0.09 inch.
Hdh. — Virginia.
A female specimen in ^Nlr. Bolter's coll. It is with some hesitation
that I consider this as distinct from enjtliropus. The single s[)ecimen
is very nuich abraded, but what is left of the pubescence would seem
to indicate that it is finer than in rvfipes, the hair-like scales are
bistriate under high amplication, a character not ob.^erved in nijipes.
The difference in the insertion of antennae is very marked, both type
specimens being females, likewise the relative length of the fourth
tarsal joint.
C atrioulllS n. sj). — Oblong oval, black, antenna* testaceous, very thinly
clothed with a tine, scale-like pubescence, scales a little larger on the undei"side
than above. Beak slender, cylindrical, regularly curved, finely striate and punc-
tured towards the base, .somewhat shining and more remotely punctulate towards
the apex; antennse slender, inserted at the middle, funicle (5-jointed, first joint
more robust, second a little longer than the tliird, clava rather large, oval elliptic,
dusky. Head rather wider, feebly convex, very closely punctured ; prothorax a
little wider than long, broadly rounded on the sides, rather broadly, but not
strongly constricted at the apex, a]iical margin somewhat elevated, entire, lateral
tubercles small, acute, base Ijiemarginate, dorsal channel obscure, more evident
TRANS. AM. F:NT. SOC. XXIII. DECKMBEE. 1896.
4o2 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
anteriorly, surface closely and somewliat coarsely pinictured : scutel minute.
Elytra oblong, about one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, sides
nearly parallel, feebly rounded, striae, well impressed, distinctly and rather closely
punctured, interspaces moderately wide, outer ones a little more convex, rugu-
lose. Legs slender, femora scarcely clavate. tibiae a little widened towards the
apex, tarsi a trifle compressed, third joint broadly bilobed, lobes rather long,
fourth joint projecting about the length of the preceding joint. Length 1.75 mm. ;
0.07 inch.
Hn h. — Pen n.^yl van ia.
A female specimen of this very small species in Mr. Ulke's coll.
1'. septeiitrionis Gyll. — Oblong oval, black, antennte rufo-testaceous, legs
piceous, above clothed with a pale, coarse pubescence, scales striolate and having
a faint, metallic lustre, underside more densely clothed with small, oval, or elon-
gate, dirty white scales. Beak long, curved and cylindrical, striate and punctured
from the base to the insertion of the antennae, shining and finely punctured to-
wards the apex; antennae slender, inserted a little beyond the middle ( 'J, ), or
two-fifths from the base ( 9 ). joints 1-3 of funicle elongate, three outer joints
short, gradually wider, club elliptic, pointed. Head rather coarsely punctured
and coarsely pubescent ; prothorax a little wider than long, narrowed in front,
well rounded on the sides and strongly constricted at the apex, the constriction
narrow on the sides, extending backward and becoming wider above, ocular
lobes broad, feeble, apical margin not much elevated, entire, lateral tubercles
small, dorsal channel foveiform in front and at the base, nearly obsolete at the
middle, surface closely and rather coarsely punctured, each puncture bearing a
coarse and scale-like hair: scutel small, glabrous. Elytra longer than wide, about
one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, sides broadly rounded from
humerus to apex, posterior callus not very evident, declivity very finely muri-
cate, striae imi)ressed, punctures small, not approximate, interspaces flattened,
rugose, scales arranged in two or three irregular rows, an inconspicuous scutellar
s])ot of pale scales; pygidium very coarsely punctured, femora clavate, mutic,
tibiie widened towards the apes, tarsi rather slender, first two joints elongate,
third broadly bilobed, fourth projecting less than the length, of the third joint,
claws simjile, slender and rather approximate. Length 2.0-"J.2r) mm. ; 0.08-0.09
inch.
•^ . Last ventral segment with a bniiully oval fovea occupying the middle two-
fourths of the segment.
ILih. — New York, New Jersey, Virginia, Illinois.
Closely related to the next species. The scutellar spot is entirely
absent in some specimens.
C pilberillus Lee. — Resembles fiepfenfriovis. from which it differs as fol-
lows: The scale-like pubescence is less appressed, the beak longer and more
slender, especially in the female, thoracic channel more evenly impressed, not
interrupted at the middle; the antennte of the male are inserted before the mid-
dle: the scutellar si)ot of tlie elytra is more distinct and the pygidium more
finely punctured. It is a trifle smaller.
% . Last ventral segment with a fovea occnjiying the middle third of the seg-
ment, a tubercle-like elevation each side of the fovea.
amkui(;an colkoi'tkra. 453
ILtl). — Pennsylvania, Wi.scoiisin, .MicliiLiaii, Texas; Ahuneda
County, California.
But for the difference in the insertion of the antenna' and the
formation of the ventral fovea in the male, a sj)ecifi<' ditierentiation
from .•o'pfriifrionix would not he tenable. The (idifornia s])eeimens
are a little longer than the eastern, and agree in size with the pre-
ceding species.
C ziiiiineriiiaiiiii Gyll.— Ohlonj;. ellijitic, iiiceous: beak, antcniup, elytra
ami legs reddish hrmvii, above tbiiily clothed with white, oval scales, intermixed
with a suberect. s(iiiamirorm pul)esceiice, underside densely clothed with whitish
scales. Heak cylindrical, slender, curved, striate each side from the base to tlie
insertion of the antennse. shining and finely imnctured beyond, a little stouter
at the base and taperinjr towards the apex in the female; antennip inserted about
two-fifths from the apex ( \, ), or just beyond the middle ( 9). first two joints of
funicle elongate, joints 3-4 a little shorter, subequal, outer two joints wider, club
elliptic, pointed. Head closely punctured, front flattened, thinly scaly ; pro-
thorax wider than long, narrowed in front, rounded on the sides and broadly
constricted at the apex, ocular lobes prominent, apical margin elevated, entire,
lateral tubercles very small, acute, dorsal channel feebly impres.sed, more distinct
at the base, surface closely and rather coarsely punctured, coarsely i)ubescent ;
scutel minute, scaly. Elytra oblong, a little wider at the base than the prothorax,
slightly narrowed from tl)e humerus for three-fourths their length then obliquely
to the apex, posterior callus rather distinct, finely niuricate, strije impressed, dis-
tinctly punctured, interspaces shining, rugulose; pygidium densely and finely
punctured, a scutellar spot, not well defined, of pale scales; femora feebly clavate,
tibii» scarcely widened towards the apex, tarsi stout, first two joints not elongate,
third not broadly bilobed. fourth slender and i)rojecting about the length of the
preceding joint, claws simple, slender. Length 1.1^ mm. ; 0.07 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with a rounded or oval, not sharply defined fovea.
Hab. — Eastern and Western States.
Easily recognized hy its small size and pale brownish color. The
difference in the beak, as well as in the insertion of the antennie in
the two sexes, is worthy of note.
KII.EVO.\Y.nUS gen. nov.
Beak long and slender, ta[)ering, antennie slender, funicle T-jointed,
club short, ovoidal, acuminate. Eyes small, surmounted by a lateral
exi)ansion of the front and scarcely visible from above ; front broadly
concave, expandeil laterally into a triangular projection, occiput
more narrowly concave and separated from the frontal excavation
by a not very obvious transverse ridge; prothorax wider than long,
strongly and sharply narrowed in front, ocular lobes large, promi-
nent, apical margin elevated, lateral tubercles prominent, obtuse,
basal margin deeply bisinuate ; scutel not visible. Elytra longer
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER. 1896.
454 AVILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
than wide, alternate interspaces wider, with tufts of elevated scales ;
prosternum long in front of the coxse, narrowly and deeply eniar-
ginate, aute-coxal ridges acute ; mesosternum depressed between the
coxae, transversely sulcate ; metasternum shorter than the first ven-
tral segment •, first and second ventral segments longer than the
three following, separated by a straight suture, segments 3-5 equal ;
anterior coxae prominent, rather narrowly separated, middle coxae
more widely separated, not enclosed within by the coxal cavities ;
femora toothed, tibite widened to the tip, tarsi narrow, third joint
scarcely wider than the others, claws approximate at the base, simple.
A very peculiar insect forms the type of this genus. The meso-
sternum being depressed between the coxae gives a deceptive appear-
ance of being canaliculate and forming i)art of the pectoral canal.
The broadly excavate and expanded front, the equal length of the
three last ventral segments and the narrow tarsi, form a complex of
characters which does not j)ermit the reception of the single species
into the old genus Ceuforiu/nehus. It is from a profound regard to
the memory of that eminent and lamented scientist. Prof. C. V.
Riley, that I dedicate this genus to his name.
Represented by a single species.
R. relictus n. sp. PI. xiv, figs. 32, 32a. 32&.— Oblong elliptic, dark piceous,
above densely clothed with large, imbricate scales, varying in color from pale
ochreous to dark brown, underside clothed with dirty ochreous, densely matted
scales. Beak curved in its basal half, shining, finely punctured, striate near the
base; antennae slender, inserted two-fifths from the base ( 9 ). scape not attiiining
the eye, funicle 7-jointed, first joint stout, outer joints gradually decreasing in
length, concavities of the head densely clothed with pale scales, frontal excavation
with a longitudinal, ridge-like elevation ; prothorax about one-half wider than
long, sides straight for two-fifths their length and slightly convergent, then rapidly
narrowed in front, apex broadly and strongly constricted, profoundly impressed
about one-third behind the anterior margin, the latter strongly elevated, deeply
and narrowly emarginatc at the middle, ocular lobes prominent, a transverse
ridge extending from the i)romineut, but obtuse, lateral tubercles across the disc,
semi-interrupted by the dorsal channel and bearing several acute denticles each
side, disc in front of this ridge precipitous, dorsal channel profound, entire, nar-
rowed from the middle both towards the apex and the base, punctures concealed
by the scaly vestiture, the latter intermixed with erect, blackish claviform scales,
directed forward, a median line and one each side of pale scales. Elytra nearly
one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri rounded, prominent,
sides nearly straight from the Immeral prominence for three-fourths their length,
then rapidly rounded to the apex, strise impressed, sculpture completely concealed
by the scales, interspacres alternately wider, convex, the dark brown velvety
scales erect, forming elongated spots on the wider interspaces, alternating with
pale spots of aj)pressed scales, each interspace with a row of dark brown, erect
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 455
setir, a velvety spot onc-fourtli froin the base <iii the first anil second intersi)aces.
a little prolonged on the sutural interspace; i)osterior callus rather prominent;
pygidiuin densely scaly, underside closely and not coarsely ])unctured ; femora
rather slender, with a large, acutely triangular tooth, tihiie not long, distinctly
widened from the base to the apex, outer a])ical angle rounded, tarsi narrow,
first two joints elongate, third short, not bilobed, fourth as long as the two pre-
ceding joints together, claws approximate and subangulate near the base, not
toothed. Length 3.0 mm. ; 0.12 inch.
Hub.—'' Paiuunins, Vy., K."
A female specimen with the above locality label in the Nat. ]\Ius.
collection.
Subtribe Phijtobii.
Thi.-< .subtribe contains tho.se fjenera in which the ])ect()ral canal is
either entirely ab.sent or, if present, becomes effaced between the
anterior coxne. The beak is short and stout, rarely Cce log aster, Phy-
toblusj more elongate. The eyes are not concealed in repose, and
the prothoracic lobes are obsolete (except Ccelogaster). The species
are all stout, robust insects, rarely elongate (Perenihes).
According to the formation of the beak and the presence or ab-
sence of prothoracic lobes, I have arranged the genera under two
groups :
Beak elongate, less robust: scrobes parallel, directed against the eyes; eyes com-
jili'tely concealed in repose by prominent prothoracic lobes; claws bifid. PI.
xiv, fig. '.i'.in Grou]> I. Phytobii spurii.
Beak short, .stout, scrobes oblitjue. directed beneath the eyes; eyes entirely or
partially free, postocular lobes of jirothorax feeble or obsolete. PI. xiv, fig. 37.
(Jrouj) II. Phytobii veri.
Group I. Phytobii spurii.
Aside from the characters given above nothing more need be said
in the definition of this group, which is represented by the single
genus Cielogader.
C/E LOG ASTER Schoen.
Heak moderately stout, as long as ( ^ ) or a little longer ( 9 ) than
the prothorax, cylindrical, curved, somewhat widened at the apex
in the female, scrobes parallel, expanded towards the eyes, antennae
slender, inserted two-titths from the apex ( £ ) or at the middle ( 9 ),
funicle 6-jointed, joints 1-3 elongate, the first stouter, outer three
joints short, gradually wider and merging into the elongate elliptical
clava. Eyes rounded, convex, with acutely elevated orbital ridges
completely concealed in repose ; prothorax wider than long, nar-
rowed in front, ocular lobes prominent, anterior margin emarginate,
THANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBEB, 1896.
456 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
bicuspid, lateral tubercles large, acute, base l)i-eiiiargiiiate ; scutel
small, glabrous. Elytra much and rather suddenly wider at the
base than the prothorax, narrowed posteriorly ; pygidium large,
nearly perpendicular ; pectoral caual deep, not extending upon the
mesosternum, the latter truncate between the middle coxae and en-
tering less than one-half into the formation of the middle coxal
cavities, side pieces wide, distinctly visible from above; metasternum
truncate in front and behind ; second abdominal segment shorter
than the two following segments together, prolonged on the sides,
third narrowed at its extremities, narrowly attainly the lateral mar-
gin ; anterior coxie conical, rather widely separated, middle coxse
glabrous, separated about one-half more than the anterior coxse ;
posterior coxae widely separated. Legs moderately long, femora not
robust, mutic, tibiae slender, tarsi moderate, third joint broadly bi-
lobed, fourth joint short, claws armed with a slender tooth, almost
as long as the claw itself.
In the formation of the beak, the presence of post-ocular lobes,
completely concealing the eyes in repose, formation of the ventral
segments and the bifid claws, this genus strongl}' reverts to Auleuten
of the subtribe Cceliodes.
Two species, well defined by structural differences, occurs in our
fauna :
Larger, ante-coxal ridges distinct, curved, dorsal channel of prothorax entire, a
callous elevation each side at the middle. PI. xiv, fig. '.i3h.
ziniineriiiaiiiii.
Smaller, ante-coxal ridges obsolete, prosternum very deeply eniarginate, sides of
cmargiuation straight; prothorax not uneven, channel interrupted at the
middle. PI. xiv, fig. 346. litiiratuw.
C ziniinertnanni Gyll. PI. xiv, figs. 33, 33a, 336. — Broadly oval, piceous ;
antennaj, tibise and tarsi rufous, above variegated with spots of white, or yellow-
ish white scales, underside densely scaly, scales large, oval, white. Beak obscurely
subcarinate, opake, striate and punctured, thinly pubescent, except at the apex,
which is glabrous, especially in the female. Head densely punctured ; occiput, a
spot above each eye and at the middle of the front, of white scales; prothorax
not much wider than long, sides nearly straight behind, rounded in front, broadly
but not deeply constricted at the apex, broadly impressed in front, ai)ical cusps
well marked, triangular, lateral tubercles acute, dorsal cliannel distinct, entire,
gradually becoming wuh^r from the base to the apical margin, an obtuse callosity
each side of channel before the middle ; between this callosity and the lateral
tubercles tliere is a deep ol)lique sulcus, surface densely but not coarsely punc-
tured, sides and anterior impression densely, dorsal (diannel less densely, clothed
with large white scale. Elytra one-third wider at the base than the prothorax,
wider than long, iiiimeii rounded, sides feebly rounded and narrowed posterioily.
AMKKU'AN COLKOl'TKRA. 457
strife fine, punctures very small, approxiiuate, interspaces flattene'l, alternately a
little more convex and more prominent, rugulose, a cruciform scutellar spot and
a curved line each side, of condensed white, or yellowish scales, rest of surface
less conspicuously mottled; pygidium densely punctured; presternum deeply
and rather widely emarginate. emarginatiou limited by ante-coxal ridges, which
are curved outwardly and more approximate at the apex; underside of body
densely punctured and scaly throughout; femora annulate with white scales.
Length :5.0 mm. ; 0.12 inch.
% . Last ventral segment with a large, oval, not deeply imi)re,ssed fovea.
Hab. —New York, Illinois, Wushington (Taconia), South Caro-
lina, Georgia, Pennsylvania.
This would seem to indicate its occurrence over the whole Atlantic-
slope, except the Northern States. A specimen in my coll. from
Tacoma, Wash., has the elytral interspaces equal ; the white elytra!
markings are easily abraded.
C liturutus n. sp. PI. xiv, figs. 34, 34rt, 34'>. — Very similar in appearance,
less roliu-st. and a trifle smaller than the preceding species, and with which it also
agrees in coloration and the scaly vestiture. It differs as follows: Prothorax
fully one-fourth wider than long, sides straight and parallel in their basal half,
feebly rounded in front, narrowly and not distinctly constricted at the apex,
scarcely impressed before the middle, tubercles and apical cusps smaller, without
tuberosity each side of the dorsal channel, the latter almost interrupted at the
middle. Elytral interspaces equal, the cruciform scutellar spot differs in that the
transverse bar is somewhat oblique ; a spot on the seventh interspace represents
the oblique lateral line of the jjreceding species, another spot on the third inter-
space near the apex; prosternum very deeply and less widely emarginate, sides
of the emargination sti'aight, i)arallel, without ante-coxal ridges; pectus densely
clothed with large white scales. Abdomen le.ss densely clothed with piliform
scales. Legs as in zimmenminni, but more slender. Length 2.75 nmi. ; 0.11 inch.
Hub. — Detroit, Mich., Illinois.
Two female specimens, Mr. Dike's and my own collection. This
species very closely resembles Perigaster obscurus in form and ar-
rangement of the elytral .spots, but aside from the difference in the
form of rostrum and the sci-obes has the anterior cusps of the pro-
thorax less prominent and the last joint of the tarsi less elongate.
The cruciform spot on the elytra is absent in Mr. Hike's specimen
and rei)resented by the basal spot in the third interspace only.
Group II. Phytobii veri.
The genera and species comprising the Phytobii veri present an
appearance peculiarly their own. The eyes are more or less promi-
nent and not or only partially concealed in repose. The beak stout
and short, rarely slightly elongate (^P/nitohiit.i), scrobes oblique,
directed beneath the eyes.
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (58) DKCEMBER, 1896.
458 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
The following genera are indicated :
Third tarsal joint bilobed, fourth joint shorter than the two preceding joints
combined.
Second veiiti-al segment as long as the following two segments together, third
segment narrowed on the sides, not widely attaining the lateral mar-
gin ; anterior coxie more widely separated, fully one-half the distance
of the middle coxse.
Very robust form, lateral tubercles of prothorax very distinct, third tarsal
joint broadly bilobed Perigaster.
More elongate, thoracic tubercles almost obsolete, third tarsal joint scarcely
bilobed Pareiithis.
Second ventral segment longer than the two following segments, third not nar-
rowed on the sides, fully attaining the lateral margin ; anterior coxse
narrowly separated, scarcely more than one-third the distance of the
middle coxse (except Rhinoncus).
Prosternum without ante-coxal ridges Peleiiomiis.
Prosternum with ante-coxal ridges.
Eyes with distinct supra-orbital ridges, anterior coxie separated one-third
the distance of the middle coxse Iflecopeltus.
Eyes without supra-orbital ridges, anterior coxse. separated one-half the
distance of the middle coxa? Rliinoucus.
Third joint of tarsi narrow, fourth as long as the preceding joints. PI. xi v, tig. 40.
Pliytobius.
PERIGASTER gen. nov.
Under this generic name I have separated the two species described
by Dr. LeConte under Ccelogaster, and is thus characterized : Beak
stout, shorter than the prothorax, widened towards the apex, scrobes
linear, oblique ; antennse inserted one-third (%), or two-fifths ( 9 ) with
6-jointed funicle, joints 1-3 longer. Eyes large, round, moderately
convex, partially concealed in repose, with acutely elevated orbital
margin ; prothorax strongly narrowed in front, ocular lobes obsolete,
apical margin bicuspid, lateral tubercles present, basal margin nearly
straight each side ; scutel very small. Elytra wider at the base than
the prothorax, broadly oval ; pygidium nearly perpendicular ; pro-
sternum rather short and deeply emarginate in front of the coxa?,
not canaliculate, mesosternum short, feebly emarginate in front,
truncate behind and forming less than one-half of the middle coxal
cavities; motasternum long, entering well between the middle coxa3 ;
second abdominal segment shorter than the two following segments
together, the third nai-rowed on the sides ; anterior coxjc conical,
prominent, rather widely separated, middle coxie small, globular,
separated twice the distance of the anterior coxai and less than half
the distance of the posterior. Legs slender, femora nnitic, scarcely
•AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 459
clavate, tibire very slender, not armed at the apex, tarsi with the
third joint broadly bilobed, claws simple, divaricate.
Thus defined this genus is readily distingujshed from Cidogaster
by the stout and shorter beak, the oblique scrobes, obsolete post-
ocular lobes and simple claws. From the following genus it is dis-
tinguished by its short, robust form, the distinct prothoracic tuber-
cles and the broadly bilobed third tarsal joint. From the rest of
the genera of this subtribe, the present genus is separated by the
shorter second abdominal segment and the third segment narrowed
on tiie sides.
The two species are distinguished thus :
Larger, prothorax impressed at the base, elytra not conspicuously mottled.
cretiira.
Smaller, prothora.x channeled, carinate near the base, elytra tessclhite, a cou-
si)icuous white spot on the third interspace obscurus.
1*. erotiira ]Icrl)st. — Broadly oval, brownish black, antennte and legs red-
dish brown, thinly clothed above witii small, pale, or brownish scales, variable in
form, without mottling; beneath, pectus, tirst and -second ventral segments and
sides of prothora.x, densely clothed with pale brown or fulvous scales, last three
abdominal segments less densely scaly. Beak subcarinate, punctured, somewhat
shilling and like the head, thinly pubescent, the latter densely punctured, front
broadly inipres.sed ; i)i'othorax one-half wider than long, narrowed from the base,
rounded on the sides, narrowly and feebly constricted at the apex, dorsal channel
obsolete, a foveu-like impression in front of the scutel. lateral tubercles and apical
cusi)S distinct, acute, surface densely and rather finely punctured. Elytra about
one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, rounded on the sides, not ob-
viously narrowed behind, strife impressed, wide, punctured, punctures concealed
by fine, piliform scales, interspaces convex, equal, finely rugose ; pygidiura rather
coarsely punctured, underside denselj' punctured. Length 2.O-U.0 mm.; 0.10-
0.12 inch.
% . Ventral segments not impressed.
Hob. — Middle, Western and Southern States.
The thighs and tibite are infuscate about the middle in some speci-
mens, entirely rufo-testaceous in others.
P. ob^ciirus Lee. PI. xiv, fig. 3(i.— Broadly oval, dark piceoiis, antennai
and legs rufo-testaceous, above thinly squamous, scales on the underside larger,
more condensed, especially on the sternal side pieces. Beak very robust, finely
striolato-punctate, clothed with fine pubescence. Head rather strongly and
closely punctured, frontal fovea distinct, more densely scaly near the base of the
rosti'um and on the occiput, scales yellowish; jjrothorax one-half wider than
long and about one-third wider at the base than at the apex, feebly rounded on
the sides, basal nuirgin straight each side, lateral tubercles acute, apical cusps
acute, rather remote, flanks separated from the dorsum by an outwardly curved
line or margin, extending from the lateral tubercles to the apical cusps, dorsiil
channel entire, less distinct at the middle, carinate at the base, disc densely and
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIH. DECEMBER. 1896
460 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
coarsely punctui'ed, each puncture bearing a fine, scale-like hair, flanks densely
clothed with larger, yellowish scales. Elytra one-third wider at the base than
the prothorax. about as loug as wide, broadly rounded on the sides and not ob-
viously narrowed behind, basal margin elevated, deeply striate, striaj nearly as
wide as the interspaces, closely and coarsely punctured, interspaces convex, some-
what shining, indistinctly mottled with fine white scales, a conspicuous white
spot of condensed scales on the third interspaiie a little more than one- fourth from
the base, and another near the apex, a less conspicuous spot on the seventh inter-
space, about two-fifths from the base; pygidium coarsely punctured, punctures
not crowded, underside coarsely punctured, less densely on the abdomen: femora
infuscate about the middle, annulate with white scales. Length 2.5-2.75 mm. ;
0.10-0.11 inch.
% . Last ventral segment of male not impressed.
Hab. — Florida, Georgia.
Two specimens, Dr. Horn's and Mr. Ulke's coll. The resemblance
of this species to Ctelogaster litumtus has been mentioned under that
species ; it is much less mottled with pale scales.
PERENTHIS gen. nov.
Beak stout, widened towards the apex, scrobes oblique, at a dis-
tance from the eyes ; antennae stout, inserted two-fifths from the apex,
funicle 6-jointed, first joint stout, rather short, joints 2-3 a little
longer than wide, 4-6 transverse, gradually becoming wider and
merging into the rather small, elliptoidal clava. Head wide, eyes
large, moderately prominent with slightly elevated orbital ridges ;
prothorax not much wider than long, without ocular lobes, lateral
tubercles very small, almost obsolete, anterior margin straight, with-
out cusps; scutel not visible. Elytra rather suddenly wider than
the prothorax, oblong, sides subparallel ; jjygidium nearly perpen-
dicular ; |)rosternum very short in front of the coxie, very widely
emarginate, witliout ante-coxal ridges; mesosternum declivous, meta-
sternum longer than the first ventral segment, second ventral seg-
ment as long as the two following united, the third segment very
little narrowed on the sides ; anterior coxce not very prominent,
narrowly sejjarated, middle coxse about three times as widely sepa-
rated as the anterior. Legs slender, femora not clavate, mutic, tibiae
parallel, not armed at the apex, tarsi long, third joint feebly bilobed,
fourth nearly as long as the two preceding joints, claws simple.
A peculiar insect forms the type of this genus. In form and
habitus it rather approaches Phytobms, to whicli it becomes still
more closely related by the slender tarsi with the third joint but
feebly l)ilolK'd. A single species.
AMERICAN COLEOPTKRA. 461
P. voxtitus n. SI). PI. xiv, figs. 5, 35«. — Elongate oblong, black, above
(icnsely clothed with dark gray and intermingled with pale scales, the vestiture
having a faint bluish reflection : scales on the underside uniformly grayi.sh white.
Beak and head densely punctulate and thinly clothed with very small, piliform
scales, beak with an obscure elevated line; prothora.\ scarcely one-half wider
than long, feebly constricted at the ape.K, dorsal channel entire, somewhat ex-
jianded aTid more deeply impressed behind the ai>ical constriction, sides well
rounded, lateral tubercles obtuse, disc finely and closely punctured, scales not
crowded, sides and dorsal channel a little more densely clothed with whitish
seniles, basal margin straight eacli side. Elytra nearly two-fifths wider at the
base than the i)rothorax, subparallel on the sides, strise rather wide, not deeply
impressed, punctured, punctures concealed by the scales, interspaces wide, a little
convex with the scales intact, a distinct post-scutellar spot of white scales. Length
■15 mm. ; 0.10 inch.
% . Last ventral not imjiressed.
Hab. — Indiana. A male specimen in Mr. Ulke'.«i coll. Easily
recognized by its elongate form, very dense, scaly vestiture, and the
very small, lateral thoracic tubercles.
PEL,EXOMl'S Thomp.
This genus has for its type Phytobius camari Herbst, an insect
resembling, in size and general appearance, P. cnvifrons Lee, but is
less stout. Beak robust, more or less widened towards the apex,
scrobes oblique, antennal funicle 6-jointed. Eyes rounded, more or
less convex and entirely uncovered in repose; prothorax wider than
long, narrowed in front, without ocular lobes. Elytra oval, wider
at the base than the prothorax ; scutel very minute ; prosternum
very short in front of the coxa? without ante-coxal ridges, mesoster-
num declivous, truncate posteriorly, side pieces wide, ascending,
visible from above ; metasternum about as long as the second ventral
segment at its middle, side pieces wide; ventral segments 1-2 rather
long, the latter fully as long at its middle as the following two seg-
ments together, segments 3-4 short,, third not narrowed on the sides ;
anterior coxre narrowly separated, scarcely one-third the distance of
the middle coxte, not very prominent, middle coxre subglobose and
latlici- widely separated. Legs slender, femora mutic, tibiae slender,
unarmed, po.sterior of the male with a very small mucro, third joint
(if tarsi bilobed, claws simple.
The species are distinguished as follows :
.\lternate elyti-al interepaces with a row of tubercles CM\ ifroiis.
Elytra not tuberculate.
Antennffi more slender, second joint of funicle distinctly longer than the third,
fourth tarsal joint much shorter than joints two and three combined.
PI. xiv, fig 38 sulcieollis.
Antvnnaj stouter, joints 2-3 of funicle equal, or nearly so.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER, 1896.
462 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
Fourtli tarsal joint longer than the two preceding joints. Elytral inter-
spaces with a row of acute granules. PI. xiv, fig. 39- • .gracilipes.
Fourth tarsal joint shorter than the two preceding joints.
Front concave, dorsal channel obsolete. Elytra with rows of acute gran-
ules asperulus.
Front not concave, dorsal sulcus distinct. Elytra not asperate.
Beak as long as the head, fourth tarsal joint distinctly shorter than the
two preceding joints. PI. xiv, fig. 37a squamosus.
Beak shorter than the head, fourth tarsal joint scarcely shorter than the
two preceding joints. PI. xiv, fig. 376 pusillus.
P. cavifrons Lee. PI. xiv, fig. 37. — Oval, black, legs rufo-testaceous, above
clothed with small, black and white scales, beneath with larger, pale ochreous
scales. Beak a little longer than the head, a little widened at the apex, suban-
gulate on the sides densely punctured and scaly ; antennse stout, inserted two-
fifths from the apex ( %), or just beyond the middle ( ?) ; joints 2-3 of funicle
subequal, a little longer than the outer joints, club subelliptic, acuminate. Head
densely punctured and scaly, front deeply concave; prothorax more than one-
half wider than long, strongly narrowed in front, base broadly bi-emarginate,
sides rounded, apex constricted, broadly and transversely sulcate in its anterior
half, anterior margin elevated with two approximate cusps, lateral tubercles
rather large, acute, dorsal channel entire, surface densely punctured, sides and
transverse sulcus densely clothed with whitish scales. Elytra broadly oval, about
one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, broadly rounded on the sides,
striae feebly impressed, closely punctured, each puncture bearing a pale scale,
interspaces wide, flattened, except interspaces 3, 5, 7 and 9, which are convex,
the former with a row of rather distant tubercles, scales predominantly pale,
those of the tubercles blackish, a distinct spot behind the scutellum and another
behind the middle on the sutural interspaces of whitish condensed scales, under-
side densely squamous. Legs slender, thinly clothed with white scales, femora
annulate near the apex, tarsi slender, third joint not broadly bilobed, fourth about
as long as the two preceding joints together. Length 2.5 mm. ; 0.10 inch.
% . Ventral segments broadly impressed along the middle, the fifth foveate.
9 • Ventral segments feebly impressed.
Hab. — California, Utah.
Easily recognized by the rows of tubercles on the alternate elytral
interspaces. A specimen in ]Mr. Ulke's collection presents some
structural differences from the typical form tliat I deem it proper to
refer to it as a distinct variety which eventually may prove to be
specific.
Var. forvipes. — Differs in the following characters: Larger, the
anterior transverse sulcus of the prothorax is nuich shoi'ter, antero-
pcjsteriorly, lateral tubercles obtuse and less prominent. Elytra more
elongate and more evidently narrowed posteriorly, fifth interspace
with a few tubercles, third tarsal joint more broadly bilobed (this is
quite evident on compari.son with the typical form). Length 3.25
nnn. : 0.18 inch.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 463
Hub. — Washington (State).
The whole appearance of the insect is darker, the pale scales being
less predominant.
F. sulcicolliM Fab. PI. xiv, fig. 38.— Broadly oval, dark piceous, antenna
and legs rufo-testaceous, above clothed with small, dark browu scales, incon-
spicuously variegated with spots of pale scales, underside densely clothed with
larger, dirty gray scales. Beak scarcely -longer than the head, widened towards
the apex, rounded on the sides, densely punctured and scaly; antennae less stout,
inserted about two-fifths from the ai)ex C^), or just before the middle ( 9 )•
first joint of funicle stout and rather long, joints 2 3 distinctly elongated, the
former longer than the latter, outer joints short, subturbinate, club relatively
larger than in cavifrons and not acuminate. Head not wide, obscurely channeled
on the vertex, front concave, densely scaly; prothorax almost twice as wide at
tlie base than long, strongly narrowed in front, sides nearly straight behind, base
emarginate each side, apical margin elevated with two large and rather distant
cusps, between these there is an emargination, lateral tubercles acute. i)rominent,
dorsjil channel distinct, entire, becoming gradually wider from the base and
widening into a triangular fovea in front, the lateral margins of which extend
to tlie anterior cusps, disc finely and closely punctured, sides densely clothed with
pale scales, some scattered pale scales along the sulcus. Elytra broadly oval, less
than one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, rounded on the sides, striae
not deeply impressed, moderately wide, punctured, punctures distinct, transverse
and rather distant, interspaces moderately wide, slightly convex, with a few very
minute, but acute granules; a distinct post-scutellar sjjot of white or pale yel-
lowish scales, surface tessellate with subquadrate spots of larger, whitish .scales;
pygidium small, rather coarsely punctured, underside not very closely punctured,
pnnctui-es small, femora a little stouter than in cavifrons, densely scaly, not an-
nulate, tibiie slender, tarsi moderately stout, third joint broadly bilobed. fourth
shorter than the two preceding joints. Length 2.3 mm. ; 0.09 inch.
% . Ventral segments 3 5 flattened, or slightly concave along the middle.
9 . Apex of last ventral segment with a glabrous oval space.
Hab. — Pennsylvania, Montana, Illinois, Iowa ; Detroit, Mich.,
(Lake Superior to Georgia, LeConte).
The greater length of the second and third joints of the antennal
funicle, the absence of evident elytral tubercles or granules, and the
rather sliort fourth tarsal joint, distinguishes this species from all
otlitTs of this genus.
|>. j;rac'il^pes n. sp. PI. xiv, fig. .39.— Oval, piceous, legs rufo-piceous.
clothed above and beneatli with grayisli white scales, smaller and less crowded
above. Beak distinctly longer than the head, a little wider towards the apex, the
latter subcarinate, rounded on the sides, finely punctured and squamous; an-
tennse stout, inserted two-fifths from the apex (9). fi'"st joint of funicle moder-
ately stout, the second and third joints very little longer than the outer joints,
these gradually wider and merging into the moderately large elliptoidal clava.
Head separated from the beak by a curved imjiression, front deeply concave,
orbital margin acutely elevated, densely chrthed with .scales; prothorax more
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER. 1896
464 WILLIAM G. DIKTZ, M.D.
than one-half wider than king, ronnded on the sides, constricted at the apex,
apieal cusps prominent, acute and not closely approximate, an acute carina ex-
tending from the summit of each cusp and couvergiug towards the median line
enclose a triangular fovea, dorsal sulcus ill-defined, obsolete near the base, lateral
tubercles very acute, a trifle smaller than the anterior cusps, surface evenly punc-
tured, punctures nearly concealed by the scales, which are a trifle paler and more
crowded on the sides. Elytra two-fifths wider at the base than the prothorax,
oval, rounded on the sides, strife not deeply impressed, punctured, each puncture
bearing a pale scale, interspaces flattened on the disc, outer ones slightly convex,
each from the fifth to the tenth with a row of distinct, small, but acute granules,
a few scattered and less distinct granules on the inner iutei-spaces, a spot behind
the scutel of white scales ; pygidium moderately large, punctured and scaly.
Legs as in the preceding species, not very deusel.v scaly, tarsi rather slender,
joints 2-3 rather short, the third not broadly bilobed, the fourth joint longer
than the two preceding joints, claws slender, diverging. Length 2.3 mm.; O.OH
inch.
9- Last ventral segment with a small glabrous place.
Hab.— West PL, Neb. ; Garland, Col.
Two female specimens in the Nat. Mus. coll. The Colorado speci-
mens differs in several re.spects from the Nebraska specimen, which
has served as the type for the above description, and with a largei-
series of specimens may prove to be distinct. It has the front
scarcely concave, the npper margin of the eyes being hardly raised
above the uivean of the front ; the vestiture of the upper surface
consists of pale and brown scales in nearly equal proportion.
P. asperulus n. sp. — Oval, dark piceous. legs and antennai rufo-piceous,
clothed above with pale brown pubescence, intermixed with pale, elongate scales,
undei-side not very densely clothed with moderately large, dirty gray scales
Beak a little longer than the head, widened towards the apex, feebly curved,
subangulate on the sides, densely punctured, pubescent, scrobes commence about
one-fifth from the apex ; antennje inserted two-fifths from the apex, first joint
of funide distinctly longer than the second, this equal to the third, outer joints
scarcely wider, club ovoid, rather large. Head closely and rather coai-sely punc-
tured, pubescent, deeply concave between the eyes, the latter convex, prominent,
their upper margin reaching considerably above the front ; prothorax more than
one-half wider than long and about one-fourth wider at the base than at the
apex, sides broadly rounded, constricted at the apex, base broadly emarginate
each side, lateral tubercles rather small, acute, apical cusps a trifle larger and less
acute, rather widely separated, dorsjil sulcus obsolete, an indistinct feebly im-
pressed, median line, surface densely and somewhat coarsely punctured, sides
densely clothed with whitish scales. Elytra oval, a trifle longer than wide, two-
fifths and rather suddenly wider at the base than the prothorax, broadly rounded
on the sides, striiv distinct and deepl.v impressed, punctured, punctures approxi-
mate, interspaces flat, finely rugose, each with a row of very small acute granules,
more distinct on the outer interspaces, the white scales form indistinct spots and
bands: pygidium somewhat compressed laterally and produced towaril the apex,
densely punctured and pubescent, underside of thorax rather coarsely and densely
AMERICAN COLEOrrKKA. 465
putictiiriMl, ventral segments more finely ]innctiire(l ; femora feebly cUivate, in-
fuscate about the middle, tibise slender, a little wider towards the ajiex, the ante-
rior somewhat curved, middle and posterior nearly straight, tarsi slender, third
joint not broadly bilobed. the fourth shorter than the two preceding joints com-
bined, claws simple, slightly divergent. Length 2.0 mm. ; 0.08 inch.
% . Second ventral .segment with a round and rather deej) fovea, bordered on
its anterior circumference by an elevated margin. Last ventral with an ill-de-
tined, triangular and somewhat spongy ^pace.
Hub. — Detroit, Mich.
A single specimen in Dr. Horn's coll. The fovea on the .second
ventral is very renuirkal)le. Difiei-s from the preceding species by
its smaller size, much smaller elytral asperities and shorter fourth
tarsal joint ; from the next species, with which it agrees in size, by
the absence of the prothoracic sulcus and the presence of the elytral
asperities.
P. NquaiiiO!«ll»« Lee. PI. xiv. fig. .37«.— Oval, jiitehy l)Iack, antenme and
legs rufo-piceous, above densely clothed with small, dark gray scales, having a
feeble brassy lustre, indistinctly mottled with larger, graj'ish white scales, under-
side not densely clothed with grayish white scales. Beak stout, cylindrical, fully
as long as the head and separated from the latter by an ill-defined, curved line
in front of the eyes, very little widened towards the ai)ex, densely and rather
finely punctured, squamose ; antennae moderate, inserted two-fifths from the
apex ( % ), second joint of funide a trifle shorter than the first and distinctly lon-
ger than the third, outer joints short, club rather large, elongate. Eyes moder-
ately convex. Head densely punctured, squamose. scarcely concave between the
eyes, a median vitta and an ill-defined spot before each eye of white scales; pro-
thorax nearly twice as wide as long, one-third wider at the base than at the apex,
feebly rounded on the sides and transversely impressed behind the anterior mar-
gin, base very feebly emarginate each side, lateral tubercles acute, anterior margin
with two very acute, distant cusps, a little smaller than the lateral tubercles and
with the margin between them emarginate, dorsal channel wide, distinct, ending
into a triangular fossa anteriorly; surface densely and finely punctured, sides
and doi-sal sulcus clothed with white scales; scutel very small, scarcely visible.
Elytra one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, a little longer than wide,
moderately narrowed behind, humeri rather prominent, strife not deeply im-
pressed, punctures small, rather distant, intersjjaces flattened, finely punctured,
without asi)erities, the pale scales are condensed in transverse fascias and along
the suture, a short line behind the scutelluni of dark gray, velvety scales; py-
gidium finely and densely punctured, underside not coarsely punctured. Legs
and tarsi slender, thirtl joint of the latter not broadly bilobed, last joint shorter
than the two preceding joints. Length 2.0 mm. ; 0.08 inch.
%. Liist ventral segment with a large, (juadrilateral fovea, fully occupying
the middle third of the segment and limited each side by a ridge.
Hab. — Coeur d'Alene, Idado (New York, Michigan, British Co-
lumbia, LeContej.
The single specimi-n in my collection and which has served as the
type for the above description, was collected by Mr. Wickham at
TKANK. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (o9j UKCKMBEK. ]»»().
466 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D,
the above-named locality. It agrees well with the description as
given by Dr. LeConte, differing only in that the anthor describes
the s})ecies as densely scaly above, which is not the case in my speci-
men. In appearance it closely resembles the next ; it is, however,
easily distinguished by the longer beak, the longer fourth tarsal
joint and the sexual characters of the male.
P. ptisillns n. sp. PI. xiv, fig. 376. — Of the same size as squnmosus, with
wl>i('h it agrees, except in the following points: Beak very stout, shorter than
the head. Eyes less convex, the scales on the upper surface are brownish with a
distinct brassy lustre and more conspicuously mottled with larger white scales;
scales of underside of prothorax and mesosternal side pieces ochreous. Legs
rufous, fourth tarsal joint distinctly longer, nearly equal to the two preceding
joints.
% . Last ventral with a small longitudinal fovea.
Hab. — Tampa, Fla.
The single specimen before me is a male in Dr. Horn's coll. and
bears the label, " squamosus Lee." ; however, the description tallies
less with this than the preceding species. The more northern habitat
of the former would also in a measure lend support to this view ;
still, should a comparison with the type prove my conclusions to be
erroneous, the specific name adopted for the present species may be
applied to the one which I consider as squamosiis Lee,
MECOPELTIJS gen. nov.
This genus differs from Pelenomus only in the presence of distinct
ante-coxal ridges, forming a prosternal canal, more or less distinct
for the reception of the rostrum in repose, the latter is a little less
robust ; antennal funicle (vjointed, club large, the first joint forming
fully one-half its mas8 ; orbital margin acutely elevated ; second
abdominal segment longer than the two following united, the third
not narrowed on the sides ; prosternum longer in front of the coxje ;
the scutellum is minute, but visible in all. In general appearance
the species do not differ from those of the preceding genus and may
be distinguished as follows :
Antennre more slender, second joint of funicle distinctly elongate, elytra rounded
on the sides.
Front concave, scales without lustre, dull liili(;iiiO!<iii<<i.
Front not concave, scales witli a l)rassy lustre scaildeiis.
AntenniE stouter, second joint of funicle not distinctly elongate, scarcely longer
tlian wide.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 467
Elytra without a i)!ile, sutural sjiot.
Elytral interspaces with a row of acute grainilos.
Subdepressed, elytra trapezoidal, scales without lustre.
obNCiirefaisciatiiM.
Convex, elytra rounded on the sides, scales with brassy lustic.
ieueoMqiiaiii4>!siis.
Elytra not granulate eoiigeiiialis.
Elytra with a pale, sutural spot !»t'olio»iU«i.
JH. f'liIigiiiONilS n. sp. — Oval, i)itchy black, antenna; and legs rufo-piceous,
above tliinly clothed with very small grayish scales, not concealing the derm,
inconspicuously mottled with somewhat larger, whitish scales and some pale pu-
bescence, undei-side more densely clothed with sordid gray scales. Beak longer
than the head and separated from it by an impressed, not very distinct, curved
line, gradually widened from base to apex, rounded on the sides, densely punc-
tured, each puncture bearing a fine, piliform scale ; antennae rather slender, in-
serted scarcely one-third ( ^ ), or nearly two-fifths ( ^ ), from the apex, first two
joints of funicle elongate, first joint stout, second slender, longer than the third
joint which is a little longer than the following joints Eyes round, convex,
orbital margin acutely elevated. Head densely punctured, front concave between
the eyes; prothorax about one-half wider than long and one-third wider at the
base than at the apex, rounded on the sides before the middle, broadly but not
strongly constricted at the apex, lateral tubercles large, acute, anterior cusps
rather large and also acute, somewhat remote and connected with the former by
a nearly straight marginal line, an oblicjue impression in front of each lateral
tubercle, dorsal channel entire, expanding anteriorly into a triangular fossa
having in its centre a deep fovea, surface densely and rather finely punctured,
sides densely clothed with rather large, dirty yellowish scales. Elytra oval, one-
third wider at the base than the jjrothorax, humeri somewhat prominent, sides
broadly rounded to the ai)ex, stria; rather wide, not deeply impressed, punctures
transverse, approximate, interspa<',es feebly convex, transversely rugose, outer
interepaces with a row of very small, acute granules, each bearing a short re-
curved setii ; pygidium finely i)unctured ; ante-coxal ridges acute, undei"side
densely punctured. Legs slender, femora and tibiie infuscate about the middle,
tarsi slender, third joint scarcely twice the width of the j)receding joint, the
fourth projecting more than the length of the third, claws simple, rather small,
divaricate. Length 2.75 -:i.O mm. ; 0.11-0.12 inch.
% . Last ventral not impressed, middle tibia", distinctlj' unguiculate, posterior
with a minute mucro at the apex.
Hub. — Caiiada, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Oregon, Xevada,
Texas, New York.
Resembles Pelenomiis sulcicollis, with which it lias been confounded
in collections, but is larger and of more sombre ajjpearance. The
presence of ante-coxal ridges is sufficient to distinguish the two
species,
3fl. scandens n. sp. — Oval elliptic, black, antennse and legs ferruginous,
above thinly clotlied with very small, pale brown scales, inconspicuously mottled
with small spots of white scales and intermixed with a fine pubescence having a
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. DKCEMBEK, 1896.
468 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
brassy lustre, underside more densely clothed with grayish white scales. Beak
stout, a trifle shorter than the head and separated from it by a curved, impressed
line, distinctly widened towards the ai)ex, rounded on the sides, densely punc-
tured except a space just before the apex, each puncture bearing a small, brassy
scale; antennae slender, first joint of funicle stout, .second and third elongate,
slender, the third a little shorter than the second, outer joints short. Eyes mod-
erately convex. Head densely punctured, front not concave between the eyes,
more densely scaly on the sides behind the eyes ; prothorax more thaii one-half
wider than long, less than one-third wider at the base than at the apex, which is
feebly constricted, sides broadly rounded, lateral tubercles moderately large,
acute, apical cusps very little smaller, distant and very acute, apex distinctly
emarginate between the two cusps, dorsal sulcus distinct, broad, widening ante-
riorly into a well marked, triangular fossa, a transverse impression in front of
each lateral tubercle, which extends towards and attains the median sulcus, sur-
face closely punctured, punctures rather large, each bearing a small scale, sides
densely clothed with large, yellowish white scales, base broadly emarginate each
side ; scutel quite distinct, glabrous. Elytra longer than wide, about one-third
wider at the base than the prothorax, humeral angle rather prominent, sides
broadly rounded and gradually narrowed towards the apex, striae not dee])ly
mipressed, distinctly punctured, punctures transverse, closely set, interspaces
feebly convex, finely punctured and without asperities, the sutural interspace
clothed with grayish white, velvety scales interrupted behind the .scutellum by
a darker spot; pygidium densely punctured ; underside, and especially the sterna,
very closely and somewhat coarsely jtunctured. Legs and tarsi slender, the third
tarsal joint scarcely one-half wider than the preceding one, the fourth about as
long as the two preceding joints, claws feebly divergent. Length 2.25-0.09 inch.
9 . Last ventral segment with a very small, glabrous space at the apex.
Hah.—'' Cambr" (?).
A single female specimen in Dr. Horn's coll. The ante-coxal
ridges are less marked than in the preceding species, resembling in
this respect scoliosus. It very closely resembles wneosquamosufi, from
which it is distinguished by its less robust form, the longer second
and third joints of the antennal funicle and the velvety line on the
sutural interspace.
HI. Obi^ciirefasciatiis n. sj). — Subtrapezoidal, moderately stout, some-
what depressed, pitchy black, tibiae and tarsi rufo-piceous, above not densely
clothed with small, grayish brown .scales and variegated on the elytra with ill-
defined, transverse fasciae of white scales, the scales intermixed with a short,
coarse pube.scence, underside clothed with dirty gray scales. Beak a little longer
than the head and sepanited from it by a curved, impressed line, curved, sub-
cylindrical, somewhat flattened above and widened towards the tip, closely and
rather coarsely punctured, thinly squamous; autennse piceous, inserted less than
one-third {%) or nearly two-fifths ( 9 ) fi"om the apex, rather stout, joints 2-3
of funicle not elongate, .scarcely longer than wide, very little longer than the
outer joints. Eyes convex, supra-orbital margin acutely elevated. Head densely
and rather coarsely punctured, concave between the eyes; prothorax about one-
half wider than long, one-third wider at the bass than at the apex, the hitter
AMERICAN COLKOPTERA. 469
soniewlmt constricted, sides subiiaiallcl heliind tlie middle, rounded before, lateral
tubercles prominent, acute, anterior cusps distinct, acute and ratlier distant, dorsal
channel ill-defined, entire, expanding anteriorly into a trianjrular. not dee))ly
impressed fossa, surface densely punctured, punctures rather larjie, each bearing
a small scale, sides densely clothed with whitish scales ; scutel very small, scarcely
visible. Elytra trapezoidal, two-fifths wider at the base than the prothorax,
humeri prominent, sides nearly straight and narrowed posteriorly for three-
fourths their length, rather suddenly rounded to the apex, strije rather wide,
more deeply impressed )iear the base, punctured, punctures small and more or
less concealed by the scales, alternate intersjjaces a trifle more convex, punctured,
outer inters]>aces with a row of distant, very small, acute granules, each bearing
a short, recurved seta : pygidium densely punctured, underside as in the pre-
ceding species; ante-coxal ridges distinct. Legs slender, third tarsal joint nearly
twice the width of the second, fourth sliorter than the two jireceding joints
together, claws divergent. Length 2.75 mm. ; 0.11 incli.
% . First and second ventral segments impressed, tibise not unguiculate.
Hab. — Nevada.
Four specimens in Dr. Horn's coll. are before nie. Its nearest
aljy is ceneosquamosiis.
M. jeiieosqiiaiiiO!iiiiN n. sp. — Oval, convex, dark piceons, antennse and
legs ferruginous, above not dense clothed with small scales having a brassy lustre
indistinctly mottled with pale spots. Beak, antennae and head as in the preced-
ing species ; prothorax one-half wider than long, nearly straight on the sides
behind, rather suddenly narrowed in front and broadly constricted at the apex,
constriction not extending upon the disc, lateral tubercles prominent, acute, an-
terior cusps about as large, rather distant, dorsal channel broad, exi)anding ante-
riorly into a triangular fossa, an oblicpie im])ression in front of the lateral tuber,
cles, surface densely punctured, sides densely clothed with yellowish gray scales:
scutel very small. Elytra oval, convex, two-fifths wider' at the base than the
prothorax, humeri prominent, sides rounded, striai not deeply impressed, punc-
tures small, not closely ajijiroximate, inters]><vces feebly convex, alternate ones a
trifle more so. outer interspaces with a row of very small, acute granules, each
bearing a short recurved Keta, : pygidium closely and finely punctured; ante-
coxal ridges distinct, underside densely punctured and sc<ily. Legs and tarsi as
in the preceding. I>e!)gtli 2.25 2.75 mm.; 0.09-0.11 inch.
%. Second venft-al segment segment with a small, longitudinal fovea, sur-
rounded anteriorly by a i>atch of large yellow scales.
Hab. — Oregon, Texas. Dr. Horn's and Nat. Mu.s. collections.
Three males and six females are before me. This species closely
resembles obHCurefasciatus in appearance, but is more convex, the
scalQs have a decided brassy lustre, the elytra rounded on the sides,
legs entirely ferniginou.s, femora dusky at the base, and lastly the
sexual differences of the males. The single specimen from Texas is
a little longer than the Oregon specimens but does not differ other-
wise. Also closely related to the next species.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER. IHHti.
470 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
]?I. COllgeuialis n. sp. — Differs from the last species as follows : Less robust ;
antennae inserted just before the middle (%); orbital margin only slightly ele-
vated, front not concave between the eyes; prothorax more than one-half wider
than long, anterior cusps much smaller, very acute and a little more remote.
Elytra one-third wider at the base than the prothorax, somewhat shining, very
thinly clothed with very small scales without metallic lustre, conspicuously mot-
tled with spots of white scales, a short scutellar line of dark, velvety scales, strife
well impressed, distinctly and closely punctured, interspaces convex, punctulate,
without acute granules ; underside of body more densely clothed with grayish
white scales, femora more densely scaly, obscurely annulate. Length 2.25 mm. ;
0.09 inch.
% . Apical half of last ventral segment with a well defined, transversely oval,
glabrous fovea.
Hub. — Oregon .
A unique specimen in Nat. Mus. coll. Might readily be con-
founded with ceneosqaamosiis, with which, indeed, I had confounded
it, but for the difference in the sexual characters of the male. The
elytra are more shining, not densely scaly and distinctly mottled
with spots of white scales.
M. scoliasus n. sp. — Oval elliptic, convex, black, antennsp and legs rufous,
infuscate; above rather densely clothed with dirty gray scales, variable in size,
underside clothed with small oval scales, not at all crowded except on the meso-
sternum and the last ventral segment. Beak a little longer than the bead, feebly
curved, a little wider towards the apex, separated from the head by an impression,
densely punctured, subcarinate in its apical half. Head densely punctured, feebly
concave between the eyes, the latter slightly convex ; antennae stout, insei-ted
immediately before the middle ( % ), first joint of funicle robust, joints 2-3 not
elongate ; prothorax nearly one-half wider than long, oue-third wider at the base
than at the apex, widest at the base, sides straight and slightly convergent for
three-fifths their length, rather suddenly rounded in front and feebly constricted
at the apex, lateral tubercles large, very acute, anterior cusps nearly as large as
the tubercles, not widely separated, dorsal sulcus broad, ill-defined posteriorly,
widening and more sharply defined in front by ridges extending to the summit
of the anterior cusps, disc closely and rather coarsely punctured, sides densely
squamose ; scutel very minute. Elytra oval, one-third wider at the base than
the prothorax, rounded on the sides, stria; rather wide, well impressed, closely
and coarsely punctured, more or less concealed by the scales, interspaces rather
convex, finely rugose, outer interspaces with a row of small, setiferous granules,
a common sutural spot of pale scales near the base; pygidium densely and finely
punctured ; ante-coxal ridges not sharply defined. Legs slender, femora infuscate
about the middle, tarsi slender, third joint scarcely one-half wider than the
second, fourth joint nearly as long as the two preceding joints together, claws
divergent. Length 2.0 mm. ; 0.08 inch.
% . Cannot discover any sexual characters on the ventral surface.
Hab. — Wyoming.
Two male specimens in Dr. Horn's coll. At once recognized by
the cons})icuous, pale sutural spot.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 471
KIII\0:VCUS Sch.
Beak stout, widened towards tlie apex, scrobes oblique, deep; an-
tenna} with 7-jointed t'unicle, clava elliptic, acuminate. Kves large,
rounded, more or less convex, witiiout distinct supra-(U'bital ridges;
scutel not visible ; ])r()sternum long in front of the coxae, deeply
emarginate, with distinct ante-coxal ridges ; mesosternum oblique,
metasternum a little shorter than the first ventral segment ; second
ventral segment as long, or longer than the two following segments
together, the third segment not narrowed on the sides, fully attain-
ing the lateral margin ; anterior coxie conical, i)rominent and rather
widely separated, middle coxie globular, separated about tw'ice the
distance of the anterior coxse, their cavities formed equally by the
meso- and metasternum. Legs rather slender, third tarsal joint
l)ilobed, claws armed with a long tooth.
The species of this genus, although varying from a broadly oval
to an elongate form, present a habitus peculiarly their own. The
expression " without distinct orbital ridges," as used in the analytical
table and again in the above description of the genus requires some
explanation, inasmuch as such a ridge, ill-defined as it is, exists in
most of the species examined by me. Dr. LeConte's statement, " no
trace of supra-orbital ridge," is therefore erroneous. In the Euro-
pean species, R. fopiarius, this ridge is quite prominent and the front
concave, as much so as in certain Pelenomi ; it is entirely absent
only in R. /oiuju/us Lee. and its European congener, R. perpeudicu-
/((rls. In all the anterior coxiB are much more widely separated
than in Pelenomn-^ or Mecopeltus. In all the species there exists a
conspicuous scutellar spot of white or pale scales, and the anterior
thoracic margin is entire. The ai)ical armature of the tibiiu in the
male difiers in each of the three species.
I have no additions to make to the three species heretofore known
and which may be distinguished as follows :
Eyes as widely sepaiated above as the width of the beak, the latter longer than
the liead : form stout.
Larger, elytra not tul)ercnlate occitloiltalis.
Smaller, elytra tiibcri'ulate p^rrliopiiM.
Eyes encroaching upon the front, beak sliorter than the head ; form ohlong.
lOllj^lllllS.
R. occidonfalis n. sp. — Oval, robust. Itlack, antennai and legs piceous:
above thinly clothed with coarse grayish pubescence; beneath densely clothed
with dirty gray scales. Beak a little longer than tlie head and separated from it
by a curved impression in front of the eyes, widened at its apical third, distinctly
TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER, 1896.
472 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
cariiiatc ami closely and coarsely ]niiictui'ed, except near the apex; antenna;
shnider, inserted ( ^ and 9 ) one-third from the apex, scape impungiug against
the eye, first joint of fuuicle moderately stout, second long and slender, fully as
long, or longer than the first, joints 3 4 shorter, outer three joints transverse and
slightly wider. Eyes feebly convex with slightly raised supra-orbital ridges,
separated nearly as widely as the width of the beak. Head densely and coarsely
punctured, front flattened ; prothorax one-half wider than long, rounded on the
sides and feebly constricted at the apex, about one-fourth wider at the base than
at the tip ; lateral tubercles very small, obtuse, dorsal sulcus entire, more deeply
impressed behind, a transverse, ill-defined imjjression each side behind the middle,
surface coarsely punctured, punctures crowded on the sides. Elytra oval, about
one-fourth wider at the base than the prothorax, sides rounded, strife wide, deep,
closely and (hoarsely punctured, interspaces subconvex. alternately a little wider,
rugose, the wider interspaces with pale, piliform scales, scutellar spot very con-
spicuous, cardiform ; pygidium like the underside, rather coar.sely and closel.y
punctured ; femora subclavate, tibiae widtmed at the apex, third tarsal joint
broadly bilobed, fourth long, ])rojecting the length of the preceding joint, claws
armed with a strong tooth or.e-half the length of the claw. Length 3.5-4.0 mm. ;
0.14-0.16 inch.
% . Fifth ventral segment broadly emarginate, shorter than the two preceding
segments together, anterior tibia; uuguiculate at the apex.
9 . Fifth ventral rounded, longer than the two preceding segments.
Hdb. — Canada, Kansas, Iowa, Indiana (Pennsylvania, Lake Su-
perior, LeConte).
This species is known in our lists and collections as pericarpius,
and it is not without hesitancy that I propose a new name for a fairly
well-known species. In size and general appearance it agrees well
with the European species, but difiers from it in the followijig points :
1. beak carinate ; this is constant, though varying in degree in all
the numerous specimens before me, while in eight European speci-
mens of pericarpius from different localities a slight indication of a
carina exists only in two specimens ; 2. the curved imj)ression at the
base of the rostrum is not noticeable in pericarpius ; 8. the fourth
tarsal joint projecting about the length of the third joint, whereas
in pericarpius the third is relatively shorter, the fourth })rojects
distinctly more than the length of the former.
R« I>yi*i*liO|>US Boh.— Suboval. piceous, antennif, and legs paler, clothed
above with a coarse brownish pubescence, variegated in varying proportion with
whitish piliform scales, underside clothed with whitish scales which are more
dense on the sterna and their side pieces. Beak longer than the head, cylindrical,
feebly curved, carinate, densely punctured and scaly in its basal half, finely punc-
tured, shining and widened towards the apex, fir.st joint of funicle stout, second
elongate, longer than the third, outer joints a little wider. Eyes slightly convex,
with feeble supra-orbital ridges, separated above nearly the width of the beak.
Head densely punctured, squamose, slightly concave between the eyes: prothorax
less than one-half wider than long, narrowed in front, feebly rounded on the
AMERICAN COLEOl'TJCKA. 4(.)
sides, broadly and distinctly consti-ict(>d at the a])ex, lateral tiihercles small, sub-
acute : dorsal channel entire or nearly so, le,«s distinct anteriorly, surface coarsely
punctured, less so in front. Elytra oval, less than one-third wider at the base
than the prothorax, broadly rounded on the sides, strire rather wide, well im-
pressed, punctures small and rather distant, intersjiaceS convex, rugose, each witli
a row of small tubercles or granules, behind the distinct scutellar spot is a dark
velvety line; pygidium densely punctured, coarsely pubescent: femora subcla-
vate, tibise slightly curved, especially the anterior pair, faisi slender, third joint
broadly bilobed, fourth as long as the two pi'eceding joints, claws with a long
basal tooth. Length 2.5-2.75 mm. ; 0.10 0.11 inch.
% . ■ Last ventral with a small glabrous space at the apex ; middle and poste-
rior tibite unguiculate at the apex.
Hub. — Eastern, Western and Southern States.
Our most common si)ecies. The Eastern specimens are generally
smaller and loss conspicuously mottled than the Western.
R. loniu^lillis Lee. — Oblong, ellii)tic, black, antennse and tarsi paler, above
thinly cldtlicd with a very short, fine pubescence, interspersed with isolated,
elongate white scales; scales on the underside white, not dense, except on the
mesosteruum and between the anterior coxie. Beak very stout, shorter than the
head, widened at the apex, coarsely jjunctured and scaly near the base; antennse
rather stout, inserted just before the middle, scape testaceous, funicle and clava
darker, first joint of funicle robust, second not elongate, shorter than the first
and a little longer than the third, club oval. Eyes round, feebly convex and en-
croaching upon the front, without supra-orbital ridges, sejjarated above about one-
half the width of the rostrum. Head convex, densely punctured; prothorax
about as long as wide, scarcely one-fourth wider at the base than at the a])ex,
broadly rounded on tlie sides and feebly constricted at the apex, lateral tubercles
absent, dorsal channel extending to about the middle, surface densely punctured,
esjiecially on the sides, thf latter densely clothed with large, cream-colored scales
and enclosing an oval, glabrous space, doi-sal channel squaniose. Elytra elongate,
cue-third wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri rounded, sides nearly
straight for one-half their length, then gradually rounded to the apex, striae deep,
distinctly punctured, punctures not closely approximate, iutersj)aces coarsely ru-
gose, scutellar spot very conspicuous, another less distinct sutural sjiot on the
declivity and some lines of white scales ; pygidium densely and finely punctured ;
prosternuni broadlyand less deeply emarginate. Legs slender, femora not davate,
tibiae scarcely wider at the apex, tarsi slender, third joint bioadly bilobed, fourth
sherter than the two preceding joints, claws with a long tooth. Length 2.5-3.0
nun.; 0.10 0.12 inch.
% . .Last ventral slightly glabrous at the apex, middle tibite unguiculate at the
apex.
Hab. — Pennsylvania (Allegheny County, Dr. Hamilton), South-
ern and Western States.
Easily recognized by its elongate form ; structurally and in ap-
pearance it agrees with the European R. perpendicularii Reich., but
is much larger. Two specimens in Mr. Ulke's coll. are ferruginous,
due no doubt to immaturity.
TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. (60) DECKMBER. 1896.
474 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
PHYTOBIUS Sch.
This genus is at once distinguished from the other genera of this
subtribe by the very slender tarsi, the fourth joint equaling in length
the three preceding joints. The rostrum is less stout, longer than
the head, scrobes oblique, straight, at some distance from the eyes ;
antennae with 6-jointed fuuicle, joints 1-3 elongate, club variable.
Eyes rather small, round, convex and entirely exposed ; base of
prothorax produced into an acute, triangular process at the middle ;
scutel scarcely visible. Elytra wider at the base than the prothbrax,
distinctly narrowed posteriorly ; pygidium large, prosternum very
short in front of the coxve, broadly emarginate, without ante-coxal
ridges, mesosternum broad, truncate behind, forming one-half of the
middle coxal cavities, side pieces wide, ascending ; metasternum
short, side pieces wide; first ventral segment a little longer than the
second, segments 3-4 short, third not narrowed on the sides ; aiiterior
coxie conical, prominent, subcontiguous, separated by a very thin
lamina of the prosternum, middle coxse subglobose, rather widely
separated, posterior cox^ small, distant from the lateral margin and
but a little more widely separated than the middle coxae. Legs
long and slender, femora mutic, tibiae not armed at the apex, tai'si
as described above, claws simple.
The two species thus far known to occur within our faunal limits
present structural differences of sufficient importance to warrant the
•establishment of two subgenera, as follows :
Mesosternal side pieces wider, epimera ascending between the protliorax and the
elytra, freely visible from above Phytobius.
Mesosternal side pieces narrower, epimera not ascending between prothorax and
tlie elytra, not visible from above Euhrj'-chiopsis.
Subsenus Phytobius.
Prothorax much wider than long, narrowed anteriorly ; mesos-
ternal side pieces freely visible from above ; the derm is covered with
a dense layer of scales, which, on the upper surface, overlap each
other, forming a sort of water-proof covering .similar to that seen in
certain genera of the Erirhinini. The European P. velatus Beck,
the type of the genus, belongs here.
One species :
Pli. griseomicaiis n. sp. PI. xiv, fig. 40. — Oval, black, antennse and legs
rufo-testaceous, above densely clothed with grayisli, slate-colored scales, having
a peculiar velvety appearance, beneath with i)ale ochreous, rounded scales. Beak
as loug as llie i>r<)th()rax, rather slender, a little widened at the apex, finely puuc-
AMKKICAN COLEOJ'TKKA. 475
tured iiiid sqiiamose towards tlie hase ; antemiiP slender, inserted twofiftlis from
the apex ( % ), the scajie not attaining the eye, first joint of fiiiiicU' longer than
the foUowing joints. Eyes with orhital ridges. Head finely punctured. occii)ital
carina continued to the front, the latter concave hetween the eyes; prothorax
more than one-haif wider than long, widest a little before the basal angles, sides
feebly and somewhat irregularly rounded, gradually narrowed for three-fourths
their length then suddenly narrowed to and somewhat constricted at the ajiex :
lateral tubercles small, acute, dorsiil channel entire, surface uneven, anterior
margin with two remote, very small and obtuse cusps, disc densely punctured,
punctures concealed by the scales, sides densely clothed with ochreous scales.
Elytra less than two-fifths wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri rounded,
prominent, sides nearly straight for three-fifths their length, then rounded to the
apex, striai wide, impressed, punctures concealed by the scales, interspaces con-
vex, scutellar region clothed with pale, whitish or yellowish scales: pygidium
densely jniuctured, squamous; underside of body densely punctured ; femora at
tip and tarsi dusky. Length .3.0 mm. ; 0.12 inch.
% . La.st ventral segment with a narrow glabrous space at the ai)ex.
Hub. — Dakota.
Two males, one in Dr. Horn's (without Ibcality label), the other
in Mr. Ulke's coll., are before me. Very closely related, if not
identical with the European P. velaim, a male specimen of whicli,
in Dr. Horn's collection, is .also before me, and from which it appears
to differ only in the more elongate beak and the more slender an-
tennae; the scaly vestiture on the upper surface also differs somewhat.
I have retained the name of this species by which it is known in our
collections and in the Third Supplement to the List of N. A. Cole-
optera by Mr. Samuel Henshaw. As I had not seen any description^
of this species I wi'ote to Islv. E. A. Schwarz, the reputed author, for
information, and to kindly give me the name, etc., of the publica-
tion containing the description of this and two other species. This
inquiry Mr. Schwarz has not seen fit to answer. I also wrote to
several other gentlemen who might be in a position to give me the
desired information, but with negative results. Under these circum-
stances no other course is left for me but to describe the species as
new.
Subgenus Euhrychiop&is.
Prothorax very little wider than long, scarcely tiarrrTwed at the
apex; mesothoracic side pieces not visible from above; scales on the
upper side not imbricate and forming a water-proof coating. Rep-
resented by
Ph. let'Ontei n. s]). — Elongate, l)lack. antenna? and legs rufo-testaceous,
scales on the upper surface of a yellowish green, l)eneath of a yellowish gray
color. Beak moderately stout, a little longer than the head, widened at the ajiex,
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. DECKMBEE, 18»t).
476 ' WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
subcariuate, punctured and scaly towards the base, anteiinte inserted about the
middle, second .joint of funicle elongate, longer than the first, dava rather small,
elongate elliptic, acuminate. Eyes without supra-orbital ridges. Head densely
scaly, not concave between the eyes, occipital carina extending upon the front;
l)rothorax a trifle wider at the base than long, widest about the middle, lateral
margin subangulate, tubercles very small, scarcely discernible, dorsal channel
wide, entire, anterior margin with two distant, extremely small cusps: punctures,
where visible, rather coarse, sides and dorsal channel densely scaly. Elytra two-
fifths and rather suddenly wider at the base than the prothorax, humeri promi-
nent, sides gradually narrowed from the shoulders; strise deep, wide, distinctly
punctured, intei-spaces convex, rugose, sides and sutural interspace densely scaly,
striiE of the di.sc each with a row of scales; femora densely squamous, apex and
end of fourth tarsal joint dusky. Length 2.25-2.5 mm.; 0.09 0.10 inch.
% . The glabrous space at the apex of the last ventral segment is almost ob-
solete.
Hub. — Michigiin ( Detroit).
The remarks under the preceding species al.-50 apply here. Dr.
LeCoiite considered this, as idoitical with the European Fh. velatus
Beck. Mr. Schwarz is credited with calling this species leeontei
Bibliography and Synonymy.
MONONYCHUS Germ.
1. M. vulpeculus Fab.. Syst. El. ii. 450 ; Oliv., Ent. v, No. 83, 129, pi. 427 ; Boh..
S(;h. Cure, iv, 309: Say, Cure. 20, ed. Lee. i. 286.
CRAPONIUS Lee.
1. C. in^qualis Ray, Cure. 20. ed. Lee. i, 280 (Ccntorhi/nchus); Lee. Proc. Amer
Philos. Soc. XV, 269.
CNEMOGONUS Lee.
I. C. leconbei n. sp.
ACANTHOSCELIS gen. nov.
1. A. californicus n. sji.
2. A. frontalis n. sp.
3. A. griseuis n. s]).
4. A. ilex n. sj).
5. A. curtus Say, Cure. 20, ed, Lee. i, 298 (Ceiiforhiinchus) ; (lyll.. Scii. Cure, iv,
287.
6. A. acephalus Say. ,Jo\ir. Ac. Nat: Sci. Phila. iii. 309: ed. Lee. i. 173; Germ.,
Sell. Cure. iv. 2S9 ; sabnlirnstris Gyll., Sch., Cure, iv, 288 (nvlhxlrs) :
lepvosuH Boh., Sch. Cure, viii, 1, 394 {Cwliodes) .
Yar. tenehrosiis.
7. A. tarsalis n. sp.
8. A. guttatus n. sp.
9. A. perplexus n, sp.
10. A. mendicus n. s)).
II. A. pusillus n. sp.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 477
AULEUTES goii. iiov.
>/,
1. A. curvipes n. sp.
2. A. asper Lee, I'loc. Amer. Pliilos. Sue. xv, p. 270.
3. A. tenuipes Lee. Pioc. Aiiier. I'liilos. Soc. xv, 270.
4. A. ater n. sp.
5. A. tuberoulatus ii. sp.
6. A. subfasciaous n. sp.
7. A. tachygonoides n. sp.
8. A. longirostris n. sp.
9. A. epilobii Payk., Fn. Succ, iii, 2.59; Genu.. Fn. Ins. Fur. L\ 1:5: (hll., Sch.
Cure, iv, 288; cninilis Lee. (Cmliodes), Proc. Aiuer. Philos. Stic, xv, 270.
10. A. nasalis Lee., Proc. Amer. Pliilos. Soc. xv, 27L
11. A. nebulosus Lee., Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 271.
PELENOSOMUS sen. no v.
1. P. cristatus*n. sp.
ORCHESTOMERUS gvu. nov.
1. O. ulkei n. sj).
2. O. wickhami n. sp.
ACALLODES Lee.
1. A. ventricosus Lee, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 272.
2. A. salcoides n. sp.
CCELIODES Sch.
1. C. apicalis n. sp.
2. C. vitiosus n. sp.
CEUTORHYNCHUS Germ.
1. C. svibpubescens Lee, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 273.
2. C. affluentus n. sp.
3. C. seriesetosus n. sp.
4. C. Isolatus n. sp.
.■5. C. rudis Lee, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 275.
6. C. sericans Lee, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 27.5.
7. C. angulatus Lee, Vvov.. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv. 277.
8. C. consangruineus n. sj).
9. C. disturbatus n. sp.
10. C. obliquus Lee, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 278.
11. C. tau Lee, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 278.
12. C. ovipennis n. sp.
m
13. C. sulcipennis Lee. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv. 274.
14. C. decipiens Lee, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 27.">.
TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBER. 1896.
478 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.I).
15. C. cyanipennis Germ., Ins. spec. nov. 235 ; Gyll.. Sch. Cure. iv. p. 58; lUig.,
Dej. Cat. 3d ed. 323.
16. C. seratus n. sp.
17. C. bolteri n. sp.
18. C. hirticollis n. sp.
19. C. armatus u. sp.
20. C. pollinosus n. sp.
21. C. hornii n. sp. '
22. C. nodipennis n. sp.
23. C. adjunctus u. sp.
24. C. mutabilis n. sp.
25. O. ovalis n. sp.
26. C. intermedius n. sp.
27. C. numulus n. sp.
28. C. hamiltoni u. sp.
29. C. pusiA Mann., Bull. Mosc. 1852. ii, 355 ; Lee, Proc. Anier. Pliilos. Soc. xv,
27'6.
30. C. adspersulus n. sp.
31. C. pusilus Lee., Proc. Anier. Philos. Soc. xv, 276.
32. C. pauxillus n. sp.
33. C. convexicollis Lee, Proc. Aiuer. Philos. Soc. xv, 276.
Var. atomus.
mm
34. C. anthonomoides n. sp. /
35. C. squamatus Lee, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 277.
36. C. oreg-onensis n. sp.
37. C. siculus n. sp.
38. C. persimilis n. sj).
39. C. albopilosulus u. sp.
mmM
40. C. setnirufus Lee, Proc. Anier. Philos. Soc. xv, 278.
41. C. medialis Lee, Proc. Anier. PhiU)S. Soc. xv, 279.
42. C. erythropus n. sp.
43. C. morosus n. sp.
44. C. atriculus n. sj).
45. C. septentrionis Gyll., Sch. Cure iv, 492; Lee, Proe Aiiut. I'hilos. Soc.
XV, 279.
40. C. puberulus Lee, Proe Anier. Pliilos. Soc. xv, 279.
47. C. zimmermanni Gyll, Scli. Cure iv, 492; Lee, Proe .Xiiicr. IMiihis. Soc. xv,
279.
RILEYONYMUS gen. nov.
1. R. relicbus n. sp.
CCELOGASTER Sch.
1. C. zimmermanni Gyll., Sch. Cure iv. 580; Lee. Pr. Am. Phil. Soc. xv.283.
•>. C. lituratus n. sp.
AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 479
PERIG ASTER jreii. nov.
1. P. cretura Herbst. Kiifer vii, 70, pi. 100. fig. 5 (CurcuHa); Say, Cure. 20; ed.
Lee. i, '285 (Ccntorhi/nchus) ; Falcifier -i-spinosuti Say, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci.
Phila. iii, 310; Lee., ii, 173, Phytobius A-spinostis Gyll.. Sch. Cure, iii,
4G3; Lee., Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 283.
:1. P. obscurus Lee.. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 283.
PERENTHIS sen. nov.
1. P. vestitus n. sp.
PELENOMUS Thomps.
1. P. cavifrons Lee, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 282.
2. P. sulcicoUis Fab., Sch. Cure, vii, 346; Lee, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. xv, 281.
3. P. gracilipes n. sp.
4. P. asperulus n. sp.
.">. P. squamosus Lee, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 281.
<). P. pusillus n. sp.
MECOPELTUS gen. nov.
1. M. fuliginosus n. sp.
2. M. scandens n. sp.
3. M. obscurefasclatus n. sp.
4. M. seneosquamosus u. sp.
ii. M. congenialis n. sp.
G. M. scoliasus ii. sp.
RHINONCUS Sch.
1. R. occidentalis n. sp.
2. R. pyrrhopus Boh., Sch. Cure, viii, 2, 172; Lee, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. xv, 284.
:',. R. longulus Lee. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. xv, 284.
PHYTOBIUS Sch.
Subgenus Phytobins striete sic dicta.
1. P. griseomicans n. sp. (Schwarz MSS.).
Subgenus Euhrychiopsis.
:>. P. lecontei ii. sp. (Schwarz MSS.).
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIL
1. Abdomen of Craponins inasqualiti.
2. Anterior tibia of Cuemogonus lecontei .
3. Acanfhoscelis guttafns.
4. " pusillns.
5. " califorHicus, middle tibia of % ; 5a, posterior tibia of do.
6. " frontalis, lateral view of head ; 6a, middle tibia of % of do.
7. " grineuft, posterior tihise of % .
8. " ilex, posterior til)ia of % .
9. " acephalns. lateral view of head ; 9a, anterior til)iie and tai-sus
of do ; 96. posterior tibiae of do.
' 10. " cmW((«, posterior til>iie of 9-
TKAN'S. AM. KNT. SOC. XXIII. DECEMBEB. IHHH.
480 WILLIAM G. DIETZ, M.D.
Fig. 11. Acanthoscelis tarsnlis. auterior tarsus of.
" 12. Aideufes snbfnucintHK.
" 13. " tachi/gonoides,
" 14. " <PM»/j)6.s, underside of pectus; Ua, (\() of A. nehidosm.
" 15. Auterior tibije of Auleutes curvipes; loa, do of A. asper ; 1.")'*, do of A.
hmgirostris ; 15f, do of A. epilohii.
'■ 16. Pelenosomus cristatus.
" 17. Orchestomerus ulkei ; ITre, hind leg of do.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIII.
Fig. 18. Orchestomerus wickhami ; 16a, lateral view of do ; 186, hind leg of do ;
18c, auterior femur of do.
" 19. Acallodes ventricosus ; 19rt, abdomen of do.
■' 20. " saJcoides.
'■ 21. Ceutorhynchus rudis.
" 22. " aiigiUntus.
" 2."i. " consangninens.
" 24. " ovipennis.
" 25. " hornii.
" 26. ■' ovalis ; 26«, antenna of do; 2(ib, anterior tarsus of do.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIV.
Fig. 27. Centorhi/nchas sicuUis.
'• 28. " semirafus.
" 29. " mcdialis.
" 30. Antenna of C. mulnbilis ; 30a, antennal club of 0. conrexicollis.
" 31. Anterior tarsus of C. oregouensis ; 3hi, do of C. persiinilis : 31ft, do of C.
mntahilis : 31c, do of convexicollis.
" 32. Uileyonymus relictus ; 32«, view of upper side of head; 326, anterior tar-
sus of do.
" 33. C(dogaster zimmermanni ; 33rt, lateral view of head and prothorax of do;
336, underside of prothorax.
" 34. C liturattis : 'Ma, lateral view of head; 346, underside of prothora.v.
" 35. Perenthis vestitus ; 35a, lateral view of head of do.
" 36. Perigaster obscurus.
" 37. Lateral view of head of Pelenomus cdvifrons ; 37rt, do of /'. sqttamosns ;
376, do of P. pnsillus.
" 38. Antenme of Pelenomus sulcicollis.
" 39. Auterior tarsus of Pelenomus gracilipes.
" 40. Tarsus of I'hijtobius griseomicaiis.
ERRATA IX VOL. XXIII, 181Ki.
Page 103, line 27. 29, 11 rend Michthisomini, MICHTHISOMA, Michthisoiiui.
104, " 32, for Gen. read Captain.
106, " 41, for Aran, read Arcan.
" 108, ''• 27, for Dorohiis. roid l>orcu>».
110. •' 18, for DOIU'lI AS. (•('<«< OOUC'AS.
" 113, " 4, for synoi)sis read synopses.
" 113, " 13, for Lagochier read Lagocheir.
134, " 36, for haswood read l)ass\v(i()<l.
'• 142, '• 26, for APORT.W m/(/ AIM»I«ATAX.
" 144, " 11. for Melothia rend Melothria.
149, " 28, for Oretxgua read Crafiegn.s.
" 181, " 3, for Blake read Fox.
'• 190, " 18. for 49 c read i90.
•■ 190, '• 22, for Cress, read Nort.
" 190, •• 25, for ARCiYFOX rend .ICiKVFOX.
• 190, " 26, for ArgJiMUl prjiMlisfJi' (('((/ .4gry|»oii |>W€liSfS«».
191, " 14, for rrmlisca read Piedisca.
" 191, bottom line, for or read on.
" 192, line 27. for about read about.
" 193, line 31, for eplke!«tril<> rend epliewtia'.
" 195, line 6, for
'■ 195, line 18, for Ephestrin read Ephesfia.
'■ 210. line 3 from bottom, for Iloiililctow rend IleiliifleleM.
" 214, after line 3 insert I..O|>liyr«cer« iiigri<«e|>s sj). n.
215. line 4. for Cyprus read Cypress.
249, line 5 from top, for vein absent read vein 5 absent.
249, line 13 from top and line 5 from bottom ; also page 254, lines 14 and 15
from bottom ; also page 2.55, lines 11 and 17 from top ; also page 311, lines
7 and 10 from bottom, for Hydrioniinse read Hydriomeninaj.
258, line 13 from bottom, for Enncmiinfe read PZnnominiu.
" 287, line 13 from top, for Xanfhorhoe read Xauihorlioe.
" 289, line 11 from top, for Melauchoria read Melnnehroia.
" 298, line 11 from bottom, for fuscaria read perfuscaria.
" 300, before all species under Leucophtbalmia iu place of C place L.
" 303, line 20 from top, for laretaria read laiitaria.
" 317, for LEUCULID.E read LEUC!ULIN/E.
" 322, line 9 from bottom; also page 326, line 9 from top, for Cllor»>ipi-
lates read Chlortii^pilHtO!^.
" 341, before all species of KiKincra, in jilace of .\ i)lace E.
" 343, line 8 from bottom, for insect.s read insect.
368, between lines 6 and 7 from top, place species .S. vuhiernrla Hiib.
Tbe original drawings of Plates VI and VII were not intended to be reduced,
lly mistake a reduction by photographic process was made, causing the lines
above, which indicate the actual length of each species, to be short just three
millimeters.
Trans. Am. Em. Soc. Vol. XXni.
I'l. XII.
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXIII.
PI. XIII.
-o
^srm?x^3
=^rr?^^
Z2.
ifm
^'%^
^'M^^ih
26 i»
I ;
m^
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXIII
PI. XIV.
INDEX.
The niinies of new genera and of new species are followed by the name of the
Author.
PAGE
Abbottana : 323, 383
Acallodes 391, 414
saltoides Dietz 415, 416
ventricosus 415
Acanthocinini 113, 130
Acanthocinus 113, 130. 131
nodosus 131, 132
obliquus 131, 132
obsoletus 131. 132
spectabilis 131, 132
Acanthoderes 114
decipiens 114
morrisii 114
l)eninsiilaris 114
quadrigibhus 114
wiekiianii l.emj- -114. 17t>
Acanthoderiiii 103, 113
Aeanthoderoides 103
Acanthophora Iluht 320, 3(i5
gnefii Hiilst 365
Acanthoscelis Dietz 390, 393
acephalus 394, 397
californicus Dietz • . 394
curtiis 394, .396
frontalis 7>;<>/3. .394, 395
griseus Diets ■ ■ -394, 395
guttatus Dietz ■ -394, 399
ilex Dietz 394, 396
uiendicus Dietz -394. 400
I)erplexus Dietz.3di, 400
piisillusDJWs. .394, 401
tarsalis Dietz ■ ■ -394. 398
Acaria
73
Acmseops variipes 174
Acroclibis carolinensis Ashmead ■ ■ ■ 228
Acrolyta aletia;M.s/i 209
enipretia; Ash 209
pa(;e
Acrolyta nie-^^ochori Ash 208
Acyphoderes delicatus 168
Aegilips victorise Ash 184
Aenoj)lex betulaecola Ash 208
Aethalodes 321. 354
Aethaloptera 321, 358
Aethyctera Hnht 323, 339
- electa Huht 339
Aetroxys calidii Ash 223
Agallissus chauiffiropis 173
gratiis 173
AgaristidsB 39
Agia 255, 2,59
eborata Huht 260
Alcis .320. 344
dejecta Hulst 345
dissoiiaria Hidst 345
lati])ennis lliilst 346
liiridula llnlst 346
Allocota confederatie Ash 208
Allotria xanthopsis Ash 185
Alniodes 38.5
Alsophila 255, 257
Aniesolytus ferrugineus Ash 201
Aniilapsis 319, 346
AiiiphioMycha 151, 161
auuena Jfamilton- ■ ■ KJl
fiannnata llil
An:ichavis inexicana Ash 1.S4
Anagoga 323. 369
Anai)lodes 312, 316
Ancylocera brevicornis 169
Annenioria 312
Ania 323. 373
Antenna- of Lepidoptera 1
Anthelia 324, 337
tavlorata Ilnlst ■ 337
(61)
INDEX.
PAGE
Aiithophyliix suhvittatus 173
Anyphsena floridana Banks (i3
Apsecasia Hnlst 324, 340
Aplodes 312, 315
Apocheima 321, 361
racheltE Hulst 362
Apolema 324, 336
Aporataxia Ham 142
lineata Ham 142
Apostenus cinctipes Banks 65
Apsilops hirtifrous Ash 207
Arctiidse 39
Argypon prsedisciB Ash 190
Aspicera utaliensis Ash 103
Asthena .- 256. 274
Ataxia 142, 143
crypta 143
Ataxiiui 103, 142
Atmetus californicus Ash 204
nigritus Ash 204
tetrazonatus Ash 204
Attidse 73
Auleutes 390, 402
asper 402, 404
ater Diets 403, 405
curvipes Diets 402, 403
epilobii 403, 408
longirostris Diets 403, 407
nasalis 409
nebulosus 409, 410
subfasciatus Diets ■ ■ .403, 406
tachygonoides Diets- -403, 407
tenuipes 403, 404
tuberculatus Diets. . .403, 406
Autoiueris 43
Azeliiia 323. 380
l$atl)yi)bantcs floridana Ba)iks. ... 68
jiarva Banks 68
Bathyle eylindrclla 169
Bdella tend la Banks 75
Belba floridana Banks • 76
Belonnra Ash 224
singiilaris .I.s7( 225
Bolypliantes pacifieus Banks 69
Bombycidie • 42
Bracbycistcs 180, 181
BrephinsK 249. 316
Bre])lioct<inns flavosus ,l.s/( 202
californicus Ash- ■ ■ ■ 202
PAGE
Brephos 316, 317
Caberodes 32.3, 381
Cacoplia 108, 111
puUata Ill
Cjelogaster 455
lituratns 456, 457
zimmermanui 456
Calledapteryx 309, 310
Callilepsis pluto Banks 60
Callizzia 309
Callosamia 44
Calocalpe 256, 275
Calosaturnia 44
Calothysauis 296, 297
Carabodes brevis Banks 77
dorsalis Banks 77
Caripeta 3i2, 341
ida Hulst 341
Carsia 256, 261
Catoclothis Hulst 255, 275
Catolaccus ccBliodis Ash 226
Catopyrra 321, 340
perolivata Hulst 340
Ceratiuopsis bicolor Banks 67
laticeps 67
nigriceps 67
nigripalpis 67
similis Banks 67
Ceratographis 113. 130, 131
biguttatus 131
Oeropteres frond osie Ash 186
politus Ash 187
rufiventris Ash 186
Ceutorbynchi 389. 419
Ceutorhynchini 387, 388
Ceutorbyncbus 419
adjunctnsD<2..434, 436
adsjiersulus D. .437, 441
a-ratus Diets- - .429. 431
atflnentus Dts- 420. 421
albo])ilosulusD.444, 448
angulatus 42.5
antbononioides D. - 444
arniatus7)(ete. .429.433
atriculus Diets- Ud, 451
bolteri Diets --.i2i), 432
consangiiineuH Dts-426,
convexicollis • .437, 443
cyanipeunis. • .429. 431
INDEX.
PAGE
C'eutorhynchus de(ii>iens 429, 430
(listurhatus /).-42o, 426
er.vthropus D.. 449, 450
hiiiniltoui 7)^3. .437, 440
hirticoHis/)te..429, 433
. hornii Diets ■ ..434, 4.3.5
iiitorruptus /^. .437, 438
isolatusZ>ie<3..420, 422
medial is 449, 450
niurosusDiete. .449,451
mutabilis Dietz. . • • 437
nodi]>ennis Z). -434, 435
Dumulus Diets -Vil, 439
obliquus 425, 427
oregouensis Z). .444, 445
ovalisD»e^3 4.37, 438
ovipeunis Dtz. .425, 428
pauxillus Z)fs.. 437, 442
persiniilis Dtz. .444, 447
pollinosus Dtz.i2\i, 434
puberulus 449, 452
pusillus 437, 442
])usi() 437. 440
nulls 420, 423
seinirufus 449
soptontrionis • -449, 4.52
sericjins 420, 424
seriesetosus D. • 420, 422
siculus Dietz- . .444, 446
squaniatus • . • .444, 445
subpubescens 420
sulcipennis 429
tan 425. 428
Zimmerman ni .449, 453
Charommata;a Hidst 297, 302
el la Hnht 302
ellatiiia lliilsf 303
Charojis apatura' Axh 193
Chesiadodes Hulst 321, 354
morosata Hnlst 354
Ohlorochlamys llidst 312
Chloioclystis 256, 263
iiu'iiiispiciia Hulst' ■■ 264
Cliloruiiterys Hulst 312, 314
Chloiosea 312, 315
Clioraspilates 322, 326
Choriuieiis CAlifornicus Ash 200
marlatti Ash 200
Cli rotonia. 166
Chrotomadiuiiiiana
Cin<,'ilia 322,
Ciii^lis 296.
albidula Hulst
Citlieroniidic
Cladaia Hulst 2.50,
Cleoia 320,
formosata Hulst
Clostcrocerus iii<;er Ash
Clubiona nid'sta Bmiks
])aci(ica Bunds
Cnemogoiuis 390,
lecoutei Diets
Coeliodes 389, 390, 391,
apicalis Dietz
vitiosus Dietz 417,
Cu)uocali)e 257.
alaskse Hulst
oxygramma
polyfirammata Hulst.- .
Ccenocharis Hulst 31 J.
elongata Hulst
Cd'HoiKinis 113,
III
j)aliiien
Collapteryx 104.
Coloradia
Colpotrocliia? ciiictiveiitris Ash. ■ ■
Coniodes Hulst 321.
Coriarachne fluridaiia Bunks
Corinna media Banks
pacifica Banks
Coryphista Hidst 256.
Cosmoplionis hojikinsii Ash
Cossidse
Crabro harrisii
minimus
nigrifrons
parvnlus
pauper
signifer
snowii Fox
unicus
Crajronius 390,
iineciualis
Cremuodes alaskensis Ash
tubcrculatus Ash
Crossidius blandi
crassipes 170,
AGE
166
364
301
301
42
251
3.56
357
232
64
65
392
392
416
417
418
287
287
288
288
353
353
115
176
115
105
43
200
353
71
66
66
275
216
32
79
80
78
78
78
(8
79
80
391
391
211
211
170
171
INDEX.
PAGE
Crossidius hirtipes 171
intermedins 171
longipeiiuis 170, 171
uitidicollis 170, 171
piilchellus 171
punctatus 171
testaceus 171
Cryptoprynnius illinceusis Ash- ■ - ■ 228
Cryptus ? carpocapsa* Ash 212
Cteuopelma pulolira Ash 198
CurculionidfB 388
Cymatophoridse 38
Cyphotes 180, 181
Cyphotinii 179, 180
Cyrtinini 102, 107
Cyrtinoides 102
Cyrtinus pygmteus 107
Cyrtogaster citripes Ash 230
occidentalis Ash 230
Cyrtophorus iusiiiuans 172
Cysteropteryx Halst 250
Dasyfidonia 322. 325
Dectes 113, 126
spinosus 126
Deilinia 321, 327
bo real is Hidsl .327
fmiiosa Hiilst 328
Deptalia Hulst 296, 299
Desmiphora mexicaiia 140
Desiniphorini 103, 140
Diaborus uiariiliventris Ash 197
Diastictis .320, 331
cinereola Hidst 335
crassata Iliilsf 333
dece]itata Hulst 3.34
decorata Hulst ;J33
deiiticiilodes irulst 332
flla Hulst 332
festa Hulst 335
Horida Hulst 334
Helena Hulst 332
niintita Hulst 334
pallidula Hulst 334
reetifascia Hulst 333
speeiosa Hulst 332
subacuta Hulst 3.35
snhalbaria Hulst 333
Kiibfalcata Ifulst 335
Dioptidie 38
PAGE
Dorcadiini 102, 104
Dorcadioides 102
Dorchaschema 108, 110
alternatnm 110
nigrum 110
wildii 110
Dorcasfa 143, 144
cinerea 144
Drassidse 58
Drassus placidus Banks 63
vastus Banks 62
Drepanidfe 38
Dyscia 321, 366
Dysphaga 162. 163
bicolor 16.3, 164
debilis 163, 164
Isevis 163
teuuipes 163
Dyspteridiu£e 249, 2.50
Dyspteris 250
Eburia conspersa 166
Ecjjhylus hypothenemi ,4.s7i 215
nigriceps Ash 216
pallidus Ash 215
Ectropis 321. 358
Ecyrus 134, 136
dasycerus 136, 137
exiguus •■ 136, 137
fasciatus Ham 136, 137
Eilica bicolor Banks 60
Eipbosoma pyralidis Ash 191
Elaphidiou arizonense 166
cinereum 168
lanatum 168
levettei 1()7
niutatuni 167
l)aralleluni 166
Elatus sisynibri Ash 218
Emmiltis 297, 306
Enchoria Hulst 257, 281
Encyrtus niesogra])ta> . I.s7( 232
Endomychobius Ash 227
flavipes Ash 227
Eniaca texana . I.s7( 217
Ennomida> 249. 318
Ennominse 249,318
Ennomos 321, .371
Enypia Hulst .321. 343
perangulata Hulst 343
INDEX.
PAGE
Eois 297, 304
australis llnlst :50(}
deliciita Hul.sf 30")
flavescens llnlst 304
laiK't'olata Jlidst 305
niicroi)liysii Ifnht 305
iiimbic-olor IIuM 305
pallida 7/i»/«f 306
riif€>scens lliiJst 305
EpeiiidiB 69
Epelis HiilM 322, 324
Epiiiu'c-is 320. 359
Ei)ii)lat.vmetra 323. 376
Episeniasia llnlst 323, 328
inorbosji llnlst 328
Erannis 323, 363
ooloradata Hulst 363
Erenueus marginalis Banks 76
Eremotylus arctiie Ash 192
Ergates neoniexicanus 164
Eiseithila HnM 256, 291
Kiandipennis Hulst .... 291
Estola sordida 134
Estolse 133
Euacidalia 297. 298
Eiiasjiilates 321. 337
Eucaterva 321, 364
Euceropteves Ash 187
])rimus Ash 187
Eiicestia 256, 2.59
Euchta'iia 323, 375
EuchuM-a 256, 274
Euclirysia liyalinipennis Ash 231
niafulii)eiii)is Ash 232
Eucleidse 32
Euciostis 312, 313
viridipeiuiata Hnlst ■ ■ ■ ■ 314
Eucyniatoge 2.56. 272
graofii Hulst 273
grand is Hulst 273
Eudej-ces exilis 173
Eueinera Hnlst .320, 340
Eutidonia .322, .324
Enjroii()l)ai)ta 324, 371
Eulirychiopsis 474, 47.5
Eupodos niarinus Bunks 75
Eii])()j;oiiii 133, 138
Eupojtjonius 138.
pubesccns 138. 139
PAGE
Eupogonius subarniatus 1.38. 139
tonientosus 1.38
vestitus 138, 139
Eiirhinosca 2.56, 290
Enrytoina tylodeniiatis Ash '■ 218
Eusinius acrobasidis .l.s7( 212
Eiistroiua 2.56, 277
Evolution of Aiitoiiiuu 17
Exelis 322, 351
Exochilum acroiiyctiP Ash 190
Exochns xantliopsis Ash 201
Exolytus ithaca> Ash 206
Exyston abdoniiiialis Ash 197
Fernaldella Hulst 318
Fernaldellin?e 249, 318
Figitodes atricornis .l.s7i 182
Frenatffi 29
generalized 30
specialized 34
Frenulum conservers 37, 38
losers 41
FiTnction of the Autennse 11
Gamasomorplia floridana Binil-s . . 57
Ganasi)is diastro])bi Ash 184
Gayenna fraterna Bunks 63
maculata Banks 63
pacifica Banks 64
Geometrida> • 249
Geonietrina .38, 245, 249, 311
GeonietrinsB 249, 312
Glauoina Hulst 320. 352
Glena Hnlst 320, 3.58
(inaphora aniericana Bunks 61
parvula Banks (Jl
Goes 108, 111
debilis Ill, 112
oculata 111. 112
pulclua ....111,112
pulverulenta Ill, 112
tesselata Ill, 112
tigrina Ill, 112
Goniacidalia 297, 308
Gonodontis 322, .373
barnesii Hnlst 374
fonnosa Hulst 375
(tiannnonota maculata Banks 68
(trapbisurus 113, 130
fasciatus 131
triangulifer 13(1
INDEX.
PAGE
Grouse Locusts 235
Grypocentrus bimaculatus Ash- ■ ■ ■ 199
Gueueria 321, 326
Gymnocelis 255, 264
desperata Hrtlst 264
inferwr Hnlsi 264
minuta Hiilst 265
Gypsochroa 257, 290
Habrocytis languriae ^.s7i, 220
rbodobseui .4*/* 220
Hiematopsis 294, 295
Halizofi rufipes Ash 225
Heliomata 323, 325
HemileucidsB 42
Hemiteles euryptycbije Ash 210
laticinctus Ash 210
Hepialidje 28
Hesperiina 42
Heterophleps 256, 262
Heterospilus? astigma Ash 215
caryse Ash 214
texanus Ash 214
Hetcemis 108
ciuerea Ill
Hippopsini 103, 143
Hippopsis 143
lemniscata 144
Histology of the Antennse 5
Holochroa 320, 352
Homochlodes Hulst 323, 339
Hoplosiie 133
HopUisia uubila 134
Hydrioiuena 257, 283
ablata Hnlst 284
costiguttata Hnlst- ■ - 286
curvilinea llidsf 286
herbicolata Hulst- - - ■ 285
neoiuexicana Hulst- ■ 285
siiiiilaris Hulst 284
sparsimacula Hulst- - 285
Hydriominse 249, 254
Hylotrupes litigiosus 65
Hypentis 322. 373
Hyperplatys 113, 129
aspersus 129
californicus 129
femoralis 129
maculatus 129
nigreUus 129
PAGE
Hypoleptus columbiaiius Ash 203
Icius pleuralis Banks 73
Ictoplectris orgyite Ash 213
Idcemea 162
fulleri 162
Illinois Grouse Locusts 235
Ipochus fasciatus 104
Ischyrocuemis pacificus Ash 199
Isosoma abnorme Ash 219
Ixala Hulst 321, 349
JugatiB 27
Ijacosomidfe 42
Lagocbierini 113
Lagocbeirus 113. 115
araneiformis 115
obsoletus 115
Lamiinse of North America 101
Lamioides 102
Lasiocainpidse 42
Leptomeris 297, 303
semulata Hulst 303
roseotincta Hulst 303
Leptostylus 113, 116
aculifer 117
albidus 116, 119
arcuatus 116, 118
argentatus 117
biustus 116. 119
collaris 116, 120
macula 116, 121
nebulosus 116. 118
parvus 116. 119
perplexus 116, 120
planidorsus 116. 118
sexguttatus 116, 119
terraicolor 116, 118
Leptura exigua 174
gaurotoides 174
bakk'iiiaui 175
lacustris 175
nana 174
serpentina 174
spuria 174
tribalteata 171
Lepturges 113, 127
facetus 127, 128
megalops Ham 127
querci 127, 128
regularis 127, 129
INDEX.
Vll
PAGE
Leptiirgcs signatus 127, 128
synimetricus 127
Leucobrephos 316, .317
LeiK'Oi)litl)alniica 29G, 300
Leuciila 317
Leuculidse 317
Leuculinie 249
Limerodes 205
Limneria 193
aci-oiiyctsB Ash 193. 194
ephestriiB Ash 193, 19.5
helise Ash 193, 194
nt'phclodis Ash 193, 194
riifa Ash 193
Liopi 113
Liopiis 113,121
alplia 121, 124
ceutralis 121, 123
ciuereus 124
crassulus 121, 122
fascicularis 121, 123
foveatocollis Jfam 121, 12.')
niimieiis JIdm 121, 123
j)iiuctatus 121. 125
scliwarzi ]I(nn 121, 124
setipes 121, 126
variegatus 121, 122
wiltii 121, 122
Lithosiidie 39
Locusts, Illinois Grouse 235
Lophosis Hulst 297, 308
Lophyrocera iiigriceps Ash 214
Loxilidonia 25.5, 294
Lyclniosea 323, 367
Lycia 321,359
Lycosa floridaua Hanks 72
Lycosidie 72
Lyinantriid;e 39
Lypsiniena 1.38, 139
califoniica 139, 140
fuscata 139
Lytrosis ' 320, 348
Macaria 321, 330
Macroficnatai — Spocializod 37
Malloceius 81, 83
auratus Alilrich 83
biuodatus 83
uupchus 83, 84
olynipiiu Aid 83
PAGE
Mallocerus siiuus 83, 84
Mallodou niolaiiuin 164
Marmarea Iliilst ,323, .379
occiduutalis Hulst 380
Marmopteryx 256. 289
odontata Hidst 289
Maso polita Banks 67
Mecas 151, 1.52
cana 152
femoralis 1.52, 1.53
inornata 152
niargiuella 1.52, 1.53
pergrata 1.52, 1.53
ruficollis 1.52, 1.53
Mecoceras 385
Mocoeeratinai 249. 384
M(!copeltus JHetz 458, 466
seneosquamosus Diet3.Hi7, 469
congenialis Diets 467, 470
fuliginosus Dietz 466, 467
obscurefaaciatus Diets. 467, 468
scandeus Diets 466, 467
scolioses Diets 467. 470
Mecotetartus 113, 126
autenuatus 126
Megalopygidffi 30
Melania?a Hnlst 322, 368
magdalena Hulst 368
Melanochroa 386
Melancbroiiiue 249, 285
Mclanolophia Hulst 322, 357
Melanouiuia 294
Melauoptilon 2.56, 288
Mellilla 322, 325
Meniscus darkruniie Ash 212
Meraporus dulnus Ash 219
Meiicisca Hnlst 323, 3.56
gracea Hidsf 356
Meris Hulst .320, MS
alticola Jful-st 348
Mesochorus aprilinus ylsh 195
Mesocrina ? niicTorhojiala; ,-l.s7i. . . . 217
Mesoleius olynipiie Ash 199
Mesoleuca 257, 282
ethcia Hnlst 283
Mesosini 102. 112
Mesosoides lf)2
Metanenia 323, 378
Metapon californicuni .l.s7) 22y
VIU
INDEX.
PAGE
Metapon rufipes Ash 229
Methia 1(52
punctata 163
pusilla 162
Methiini 103, 162
Methioifles 103
Methoca 180
Metrocampa 323, 371
Micaria agilis 60
coloradensis Banks 58, 60
constricta 60
formicoides 60
longipes 60
nioutana 60
palliditarsus Banks 59. 60
perfecta Banks 59, 60
punctata Banks .58, 59
Michthisoma heterodoxum 103
Micropterygidte 29
Misumena bellula Banks 71
viridans Banks 71
Mncsidpeus apicalis Ash 202
Mouilema 104. 105
aiinulatum 105, 106
appres.su m 105, 106
arniatum 105, 106
crassum 106, 107
forte 106, 107
gigas 105, 106
lajvigatuni 105, 106
obtusuni 10.5, 106
semipunctatum 105, 106
spoliatum 105, 107
•subrogosum 106, 107
ulkei 106, 107
variolare 10(i, 107
Monilemini 102. 104
Monocteniinai 249, 294
Monohamniini 102, 108
Monohanimus 108
confusor 109
niaculosus 108, 109
inarniorator ■ . ■ .109, 110
scutellatus 109
titillator 108, 109
Mononyc-lii 389
Mononychus 389
viili)eculus .390
Morpliology of the Ant(^niia> 4
P.\GE
Mutilla 180
Mutillidaj 179
Mutillini 179, 180
Mycterophora Hulst 296, 298
longipalpata /f !(/»■<. . 299
moutic.ola Hulst 299
Myrmosa 180
Myrmosini 179, 180
Mysmena bulbifera Banks 66
4-maculata Banks 66
Kacophora Hulst 319, 360
carlotta Hulst 361
minima Hulst 360
Nannia Hulst 256, 262
morensata Hulst 262
Necydalis barbarte 173
Nemoria 312. 313
Neolexia Hulst 256, 278
speciosa Hulst 279
xylina Hulst 278
Neoterpes Hulst .322, 369
Nepytia Hulst 320, 344
Neuratelus americanns Ash 203
liriodendri Ash 203
ulmicola Ash 203
Noctuidie 39
NothrisY marinus Banks 77
Notodontidse 38
Nycterosea Hulst 2.56. 263
brunueipeunis Hulst-. 263
Nyctipbanta Hulst 320. 336
liPtula Hulst 336
Nyctobia Hulst 250, 251
Nyssodrys 113. ]30
haldemania 133
Obcrea i51, 1.53
ailinis 155
basali.s 155
bimaculata 1.54, 1.55. 157
flavipes 155. 157
gracilis 1.54. 156, 157
luandariua 155
myops • • • • . 155
ocellata 154, 156, 1.57
oculaticollis 1.57
quadricallosa 1.57
ruficollis 154, 1.56. 1.57
scliaumii : . . . . 154, 157
texana 157
INDEX.
IX
PAGE
Oberea tibialis 157
tripuuctata 154. 155, 157
CEcobiidse 58
Oucideres 140
cingulatus 140, 141
pustulatus 140
tesanus 140, 141
Onciderini 103, 140
Oncideroides 103
Oonopidse 57
Opheroptora 250, 252
Ophiou luacrurum 192
Opbistomis 175
la^vicollis 175
ventralis 175
Orchestomeris Diets 390, 412
ulkei Diefz 413
wickbami Diets- • • ■ 414
Oribatella niinuta Bnnks 76
pcrfecta Banks 75
Oronotus albomaculatus Ash 205
Orthofidouia .324
Otacustes orgyite Ash 209
periliti Ash 210
Ottonia {;ranub)sa Bdnks 74
trombidioides Banks 74
Oxoplus coccineus 170
Oxydia 323, 382
Oxyopes compacta Banks 72
OxyopidsB 72
Paleacrita 255, 257
Palyadina; 249, 384
Palyas 384
Paota IMst 294, 295
Papilionina 42
Parapbia 320. 346
Paraptera Hulst 250, 252
daubyi IMst 2.52
Parasitic Hymenoptera ... 179
Paratettix cucullatus 241
Paustenon columbiana Ash 231
Pelenomus 458, 461
asperulus Diets • ■ • -462, 464
cavifioiis 461, 462
gracilipes Dietz- . . -462. 463
pusillus Diets 462, 466
squamosus 462. 465
sulcicollis 461, 463
Pelenosomus Diets 390, 411
PAGE
PeUniosoimis cristatus Diets 411
Percnoi)til(ita Ifnlst 2.57. 282
Pereutbis Diets 458, 460
vestitus Diets 461
Periclistus californicus .l.s7t 188
sniilacis Ash 188
Pericopidse 39
Perigaster Diets 458
cretiira 4.59
obscurus 4.59
Perilissus paiiiscoidcs ,l.s7i 197
soutbwickii Ash 196
Peritapnia fabra 134, 177
nudicornis 177
Pbffiogenes walsbii Ash 198
Pbffioura HuJst .321. 359
cristifera IMst 360
Pbeiigommataia Hulst 324, 341
gL-vtrmhi IMst 342
Pbcrne Ilnlst 322. 377
Pbilitus moiiticola Bunks 73
Pbiiagraula IMst 309, 310
slossouiib Ilnlst 310
Pliilt'dia Hulst 322, 343
Pbileniie 2.56, 276
Formosa Hulst 276
Pbilobia 321, 330
Philopsia Hulst 255, 259
Pbilosamia 44
Pbiltiaja Hulst 321, 364
Pbolcidae 57
Pbolocophora Banks 57
americana Banks 57
Pbotopsis 180
Pbnirolitluis affinis Hunks 65
Pliygadeiion pbryganidiai Ash- ■ ■ . 207
Pbygioiiis 384
Pbylace IMst 256, 277
luteolata Hulst 277
Pbyuiatodes juglandis 166
obliquus 166
thoracicus 165
Pbysostegania 320. 326
Phytobii 389, 455
Pbytobius 458, 474
griseouiicans Diets 474
lecontei Diets 475
Pbytuiciini 103, 151
PigUH 297
(62)
INDEX.
PAGE
Piezobria floridana A.sh 185
Plagtxlis 323, 372
Platea 321. 342
diva Hnlst 343
Platyterma citripes Ash 223
fuscipes Aftli 223
Plectana venusta Banks fi9
Plectrodera • 108
scalator 112
Plectiira spinicauda 104
Plemyria 256, 279
georgii Hulst 280
Pogouocheri 133, 134
Pogoiiocherini 103, 133
Pogouocheroides 103
Pogonochenis 134. 135
crinitus 135
mixtus 135
oregonus 135, 136
pencillatus 135
volitaus 135
Polycyrtus floridanus Ash 230
Polyopsia analis 164
Priouopoda begiuii Ash 198
coloradensis Ash 198
ruficornis Ash 198
Priouus debilis 164
Pristomerus euryptychisB Ash ■ ■ ■ ■ i92
Probatius umbraticus 142
Prosaparia 296, 298
Prosthesima floridana Banks 61
niger Banks 62
valida Banks 62
Pyrocycla • • 323, 378
Psenoceriui 102, 107
Pseuocerus superuotatus 108
Pseudomethoca Ash 180, 181
cressouii Ash 182
PsychidtB 31
Psychopbora 255, 290
Ptenopoda Halst 297, 307
niiraiida Hnlst 307
Pterota-a Hnlsf 320. 349
cariosa HaM 349
Ptycbodes 108
trilitieatus 110
Pyroniorpliidte 33
Rachela Hnlst 250, 253
hyperborea Hulst 254
PAGE
Raehela latipennis Hulst 254
occidentalis Hulst 254
Racbeospila 312, 314
Eapbididemas Hulst 321, 362
nevadaria HuM .... 362
Rhinoncus 458, 471
lougulus 471, 473
occidiintalis Dietz 471
pyrrhopus 471, 472
Rbinotrogides 168
Ebopalopbora bicincta 168
meeskei 168
Ehyncolophus floridanus Banks- • • 74
Eileyouymus Dietz 419, 453
rel ictus Dietz 454
Eipula 321, .371
Sabulodes 324. 382
Samia 44
Saperda 146
calcarata 146, 148
Candida 147. 148
concolor 147, 151
cretata 147. 149
discoidea 147, 150
fayi 147, 149
lateralis 147, 150
mcesta 147, 151
mutica 147, 148
obliqua 146, 148
puncticollis 147, 151
tridentata 147, 150
vestita 147. 149
Sapcrdini 103
Saperoides 103
Sapyga pelopffii Ash- - ■ 179
Sarathrus nasoni Ash 182
Saturniidai 42, 43
Saturiina 41, 42
Scelidacantha Hulst 255. 261
Scelolopbia Hulst 297, 301
forniosa Hulst 302
Sciagrapliia HnUt 321, 329
niaculifascia Hulst- • - - 329
Secodes pbbvotribi .I,s7( 233
Selenia 322, 376
pcrangulata Hulst 376
Seleucus gillettei Ash 206
rufivcntris Ash 207
Selidosenia 320. 354
INDEX.
PAGE
Selidosema albescens Huht 355
correllatum Hitlst 355
muricolor Ilnht * 355
Sicya 322, 370
Sicyobius 143
brousii 144
Sigela Hiilst 296, 307
penumbrata Huht 308
Siuga lloridaiia Banks 69
modesta Banks 70
Smaris australis Banks 74
Smicromyriua 180
Siiowia 322, 379
Soleuaspis singularis Ash 183
Somatolophia Hulst 320, 350
umbripennis Hulst ■ . 350
Spalacopsis 143, 144
liuum 145
stolata 146
suffusa 145
suturalis Ham 145
Spanoctenus caseyi Ash 196
Sphsecelodes 322, 367
Sphieuothecus basalis 171
rubens 171
Sphserophthalma 180
Sphingidfe 38
Spiders and Mites, New 57
Spodolepsis Hulst 320, 347
substriataria Hulst 347
Spodoptera Htdst 321, 350
Stenaspilates 322, 379
muricolor Hulst 379
Stenosphenus lougulus 172
Stenotracbclys 320, 347
Stergamata^a Hulst 320, 368
inornata Hulst 368
SterrhiniB 249, 295
Stictomischus auratus Ash 221
Strangalia nioutaua 174
Strophidiiua- 249. 309
Styloxus 162
lucanus 162
Sychnoleter auiericauus Ash 196
Synipbcrta Hulst 320. 338
coloradensis Hulst • ■ • • 338
Julia Hulst 338
Synapba'ta guexi 112
Svnaxis Hulst 324, 377
PAGE
Synchlora 312, 314
viridii>allt^ns Hnlst 315
Synelys Huht 297, 3(X)
Synergus 85
agrifoliie Ash 189
albipes 90,97
Utr^ailletle H(!
atripennis Ash 189
atripes Gill 90, 96
batatoides 90.95
bicolor 86, 87
brevicornis ^l.s7( 189
campanula 90, 97
coniferaj 90, 96
dimorphus S(i
duricoria <!ill 90. 93
erinacei Gill 90. 91
ficigera; 90,93
ganyana 89, 91
incisus Gill 90, 92
laiviventris 90, 98
lanffi 99,100
lignicola 86, 88
maguus 99
medulla; 86, 89
meudax 90, 95
mcxicana Gill 90. 96
oneratus 89
punctata Gill 90, 94
similis Gill 90. 92
villosus 99. 100
walshii Gill 90. 98
Synglochis Hulst 320, 351
perumbraria Hulst 352
Synomila Hulst 294, 295
Syntoniopus allinis Ash 228
Sys.saura 323, 380
Tachytreclius 81
angustipennis. . • -81, 82
fioridensis Aldrich .81. 82
vorax 81.82
Talladega Hulst 2.56, 260
tabulata Hulst 260
Tapeinse 133
Tapinoi)S 204
Taricanus 140
tru(iuii 1 41
Telea 44
Tephroclystis 256, 265
INDEX.
PAGE
Tephroclystis anuulata Hnht 267
bivittata lf»is( 271
cestata Hulst 271
coloradensis Hulst • . 268
. cretata Ilxdst 269
edua Hulst 266
flavigutta Huht 268
furaosa Huht 269
iraplorata //((Z.s^ 272
inornata Hulst 267
leucata Hulst 267
longideus Hulst 270
mffistosa Hulst ...... 269
misturata Hulst 266
multiscripta Hulst ■ ■ 270
multistrigataif^H- • 270
nebulosa Hulst 266
nimbicolor Hulst- ■ • ■ 269
uinibosa Hulst 269
obscurior Hulst 271
ornata Hulst 267
sierrse Hulst 268
stellata Hnht 270
unicolor Hulst 271
Tetracis 323, .382
Tetraopes 151, 158
basalis 160
caiiesceus 158, 161
caiiteriator 158, 159
collaris 1.58. 160
discoideus 158
elegans 158, 159
fe.nioralis 158. 160
niaiicus 160
oregtineusis 160
qnadrimaculatiis 160
qiiiiKnumiaculatus 158
tetraophtbalimis. . • .153, 159
tc.xanus 158
Tetnistichus chlamytis Ash 234
johnsoni Ash 233
iiucroTbopalge Ash ■ • • ■ 234
Tet rupiuni • 165
cinnoinopterum 165
pai'allelum 165
parvulum 165
scliwarzianiini 165
velutinuin 165
Tetiops 151, 157
PAGE
Tetrops canescens 157
jucunda 157
raonostigina 157. 158
Tettigidea acuta 242
parvipennis 242
Tettix angustus Hancock 238
decoratus Han 240
fluctuosus Han 240
gibbosus Han 239
grauulatus 237
inflatus Han 238
obscurus Han 239
ornatus 237
Tbalamia floridana Banhs 58
Thallophaga Hulst 324, 339
Therididse 66
Therina 322, 370
Theroscopus americauus Ash 211
Thoraisidae 70
Tbyrididaj 38
Tornos 319, 351
Toxotus lateralis 173
Tracheops Hulst 320, 365
bolteri Hulst 366
Tragidion aiinulatum 169
armatum 1()9
auripenne 169
coquus 169
fulvipemie 169
Tragosoma harrisii 164
pilosicoruis 164
spiculuiu 164
Trichocblamys Huht 256, 291
Tricboglenes occiden talis Ash 225
Triclistus terniinalis Ash 201
thoracicus Ash 201
Tripbosa 257, 287
Trocbosa floridana Banks 72
Tronibidium niarinus Banks 73
Tropaia 44
Uriella Ashmead 221
rufipes Ash 222
Vemisia 2.55, 273
Xaiitborhoe 256, 292
borealis 7/»i.y< 292
illocata Hnht 293
nomorella Huht 293
volucer JIuht 293
Xautbotype 322, 372
Xylasjjis flavipes Ash 183
Xylotrechus gemellus 172
Xvsticiis floriduTius Banks 70
Xvstrotji Hulst 297, 301
Zai)l()i 133
Zaplotus hubbardi 140
ZeiiopliJeps ][uht 2.55. 280
obscurata Hulst 281
ZygiBiiidBe 39
LIST OF MEMBERS
OF THE
/^MERiCAN Entomological 5ociety
OF
PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Preliminary meeting, Feb. 14, 1859, of Ezra T. Cresson, James
Ridings and George Newman, resulting in the issue of a call for the
organization of an entomological society.
Organized as " The Entomological Society of Philadelphia" Feb.
22, 1859 ; incorporated under this title, under the laws of the State
of Pennsylvania, April 11, 18G2 ; name changed to " The American
Entomological Society" Feb. 23, 1867.
Locations of the Society.
From Feb. U, 1859, to March 1, 1859,-728 Erie Street (resi-
dence of Mr, E. T. Cresson).
From March 14, 1859, to June 27, 1859,-1325 Spruce Street
(residence of Dr. J. L. LeConte).
From July 11, 1859, to Dec. 26, 1859,— S. E. corner 13th and
Market Streets (third story " Druid's Hall").
From Jan. 9, 1860, to July 14, 1862,-1310 South Street.
From Aug. 11, 1862, to Jan. 10, 1876,-518 S. 13th Street.
From Feb. 14, 1876, to present date, — Hall of the Academy of
Natural Sciences, 19th and Race Streets.
Resolution for establishment of a Society Cabinet adopted Nov.
28, 1859 ; first donation thereto recorded Jan. 23, 1860.
Resolution for establishment of a Society Library adopted Dec.
12, 1859, but first donation of books recorded May 9, 1S59.
(63)
ii List of Members
Resolution for estalilisliment of a Publication Fund adopted Feb.
25, 1861. First papers, " Descriptions of a few new species of
Hemiptera" by P. R. Uhler and " Catalogue of Cicindelidse of
North America" by E. T. Cresson, received April 8, 1861. First
number of the Proceedings published INIay, 1861.
(In the following lists the names of those believed to be deceased
are printed in italics. Dates following names indicate time of elec-
tion to the Society.)
Organization Members.
Ashfon, T. B. Nevmian, George.
Bland, J. H. B. Pearsall, John.
Cox, Thomas. Ridings, James.
Cresson, Ezra T. Schneider, Louis.
Evett, William. Shiiin, S. H.
Felchnan, Henry. Wilson, Thomas B., M.D.
Hill, George. Wilt, Charles.
Jack, Robert. Wolter, William.
LeConte, John L., M.D. Wood, Charles J.
McAllister, J. W. Wood, William S.
Meichel, John.
Present Resident Members.
Akhurst, John. March 8, 1860.
Blake, Charles A. Oct. 22, 1860.
Bullock, David Jayne. Jan. 22, 1891.
Calvert, Philip P., Ph.D. Jan. 26, 1893. ■
Cresson, Charles C. July 11, 1864. 1
Cresson, Ezra T. Organization Member.
Cresson, George B. Dec. 12, 1887.
Fox, AVilliam J. June 10, 1895. '
Griffith, H. G., M.D. Dec. 9, 1895.
Haiml)ach, Frank. Dec. 9, 1895.
Heilprin, An gel o. Jan. 28, 1890.
Horn, George H., M.D. July 23, 1860.
Jayne, Horace, M.D., Ph.D. Aug. 9, 1875.
Johnson, Charles W. June 13, 1892.
Laurent, Philip. Jan. 28, 1886.
Liebeck, Charles. June 13, 1892.
McAllister, James W. Organization ^fember.
xVmerican Entomological Society. i
McCook, Henry C, D.D. Feb. 9, 1877.
Kidiugs, James H. Feb. 9, 18G3.
Seiss, C. Few. Dec. 12, 1893.
Skinner, Henry, M.D. March 9, 1883.
Smith, Jieiijiunin, H. Dec. 13, 1875.
Thomas, Lancaster. April 23, 1896.
Welles, Charles S. Jan. 22, 1891.
Wenzel, Henry W. AjjHI 23, 1896.
Wood, Stuart. Oct. 14, 1872.
Corresponding Members.
Aaron, Charles E. Mount Holly, N". J. July 23, 1860.
Adee, Alvey Augustus. New York, N. Y. May 14, 1866.
Angus, James. West Farms, N. Y. Nov. 14, 1864.
Auxer, Samuel. Lancaster, Pa. Feb. 9, 1863.
Baird, Spencer F. Wasliiugton, D. C. Dec. 12, 1859.
Bassett, H. F. Waterbury, Conn. Feb. 9, 1863.
Beadle, D. AV. Toronto, Canada. Nov. 10, 1862.
Behrens, James. San Francisco, Cal, Oct. 14, 1872.
Belknap, Aaron B. New York, N. Y. March 9, 1863.
Bethune, Rev. C. J. S. Port Hope, Canada. Oct. 13, 1862.
Biddle, Craig. Buck^ County, Pa. May 12, 1862.
Billing.^ B. Prescott, Canada. Nov. 10, 1862.
Boardman, Samuel L. Augusta, Me. March 12, 186(j.
Bolter, A. Chicago, 111. Aug. 14, 1865.
Bolton, John. Portsmouth, Ohio. Aug. 11, 1862.
Boteri, M. Mexico. March 12, 1866.
Brakeley, Rev. John H. Bordentown, N. J. June 8, 1863.
Brendel, Emil, M.D. Cedar Rai)ids, Iowa. Aug. 14, 1865.
Brevoort, J. Carson. Brooklyn, N. Y. March 14, 1864.
Bridgham, Mrs. E. F., New York, N. Y. Sept. 11, 1865.
Bridgham, Joseph, Jr. New York, N. Y. March 9, 1863.
Buckley, S. B. Austin, Texas. April 14, ISiij!.
Calverley, Stephen. New York, N. Y. Oct. 14, 1861.
Castelnau, Cotint F. de (see La Porte).
Clemens, Breckenridge, M.D. Easton, Pa. April 11, 1859.
Couper, William. Quebec, Canada. Nov. 10, 1862.
Croft, Henry. Toronto, Canada. Oct. 13, 1862.
Crotch, George R. Cambridge, England. June 9, 1873.
Crowfoot, Dr. W. M. Beccles, Suttblk, England, dan. 23, lSi)().
iv List of Members
Crunirine, Boyd. Washington, Pa. Feb. 12, 1872.
Currier, W. 6. Providence, R. I. Aug, 10, 1863.
DeForrest, Robert. New York, N. Y. March 9, 1863.
De Gray, Thomas CLord Walsingham). England. 1872.
Drexler, C. F. Washington, D. C. Dec. 26, 1859.
Dunn, J. California. March 11, 1872.
Edwards, Henry. New York, N. Y. June 13, 1870.
Edwards, William H. Coalburgh, W. Va. Aug. 8, 1859.
Fay, H. T. Columbus, Ohio. Oct. U, 1861.
Felder, Dr. Cajetano. Vienna, Austria. Aug. 14, 1865.
Findlay, Rev. Samuel. Warren County, Ohio. Dec. 8, 1873.
Fitch, Asa. Fitch's Point, N. Y. Oct. 8, 1860.
French, George H. Springfield, III. Jan. 23, 1890.
Fuller, Andrew H. New York, N. Y. March 11, 1872.
Gabb, William H. San Francisco, Cal. May 12, 1862.
Gissler, C. F. Jersey City, N. J. Jan. 12, 1874.
Glover, Townsend. Washington, D. C. Oct. 8, 1860.
Graff; Edward L. Brooklyn, N. Y. Jan. 12, 1863.
Grote, A. R. Bremen, Germany. April 14, 1862.
Gundlach, Dr. Juan. Havana, Cuba. Jan. 11, 1864.
Hagen, Hermann A. Cambridge, Mass. Dec. 8, 1867.
Haldeman, S. S. Columbia, Pa. Dec. 12, 1859.
Hamilton, John, M.D. Allegheny, Pa. Dec. 17, 1896.
Harold, Baron E. von. Munich, Germany. June 9, 1873.
Harvey, Leon F., M.D. Buffalo, N. Y. May 10, 1875.
Hathaway, George H. Chicago, 111. June 13, 1864.
Hauverman, A. D., M.D. Chattanooga, Tenn. June 12, 187
Healey, David, Jr. Lowell, Mass. Dec. 11, 1865.
Helmuth, Dr. Charles A. Chicago, 111. Feb. 10, 1862.
Heicston, George, M.D. San Francisco, Cal. Dec. 12, 1870.
Hill, George S. L Canada. Nov. 10, 1862.
Holdenworth, Henry. Shanghai, China. 1870.
Howard, W. I. Central City, Col. March 10, 1862.
Hunt, George. Providence, R. I. Jan. 15, 1866.
Hunt, Howard A. Burlington, N. J. Sept. 11, 1865.
Jekel, Henry. Paris, France. Jan. 15, 1866.
Juellch, Wilhelm. New York, N. Y. Aug. 14, 1865.
Kennlcott,' Robert W. Chicago, 111. July 13, 1863.
Kirby, William F. London, England. July 10, 1871.
Kirkpatrick, John. Cleveland, Ohio. Oct. 10, 1864.
American Entomological Society. v
Kirtland, Dr. J. P. Cleveland, Ohio. March 9, 1863.
Kraft, Louis P. Belleville, 111. July 10, 1871.
Lake, Henry C, M.D. New York, N. Y. June 12, 1865.
LaPorte, Francis F. Melbourne, Australia. June 13, 1870.
LeBaron, Dr. William. Geneva, 111. Oct. 14, 1861.
Legrande, Augustin. Mexico. March 12, 1866.
Liudheimer, F. S. New Braunfels, Texas. Nov. 14, 1859.
Lintner, J. A., Ph.D. Albany, N. Y. Nov. 10, 1862.
Lorenzen, Henry. New York, N. Y. Sept. 9, 1867.
Loweree, F. H. B. Guadalajara, Mexico. July, 10, 1865.
McLachlan, Robert. London, England. Dec. 10, 1866.
Mann, B. Picknian. Cambridge, Mass. May 10, 1875.
Mead, Theodore L. New York, N. Y. Nov. 9, 1868.
Mehheimer, Dr. F. E. York, Pa. April 25, 1859.
Mendenhall, R. J. Minneapolis, Minn. May 10, 1869.
Me>^ke, Otto von. Albany, N. Y. 1870.
Miles, M. Lansing, Mich. Jan. 12, 1863.
Minot, Charles S. Boston, Mass. Jan. 11, 1870.
Moreno, Auiseto Mexico. March 12, 1866.
Morris, Beverly R., M.D. Toronto, Canada. Dec. 8, 1862.
Morris, Rev. John G. Baltimore, Md. April 25, 1859.
M (filler, Albert. Loudon, England. June 12, 1871.
Myer, Julius. Brooklyn, N. Y. Oct. 10, 1864.
Nason, William A. Algonquin, 111. Jan. 13, 1862.
Nieto, Jose A. Mexico. March 12, 1866.
Norton, Edward. Farmington, Conn. Oct. 14, 1861.
Osten Sacken, Bai'on R. von. Heidelberg, Germany. March 28, '59.
Packard, A. S., Ph.D. Providence, R. I. Oct. 14, 1861.
Peck, George W. New York, N. Y. Jan. 15, 1866.
Pettit, Johnson. Grimsby, Canada. Nov. 12, 186(5.
Poe, James H. Portsmouth, Ohio. Aug. 11, 1862.
Poey, Felipe. Havana, Cuba. Jan. II, 1864.
Pool, Isaac. Chicago, 111. Oct. 14, 1861.
Putnam, F. W. Salem, Mass. Sept. 11, 1865.
Rithvon, S. S. Lancaster, Pa Oct. 13, 1862.
Reber, Abraham S. Howard, Centre Co., Pa. Jan. 13, 1862.
Reed, Edmund Baynes. London, Canada. Nov. 13, 1865.
Reizenstein, Baron von. New Orleans, La. June 12, 1865.
Rich, Harvey J. Brooklyn, N. Y. Dec. 8, 1862.
Riley, Charles V. Washington, D. C. Nov. 13, 1865.
vi List of Members
Eiotte, Charles N. Costa Rica. Jan. 11, 18(34.
Robinson, Coleman T. New York, N. Y. Feb. 13, 18b5.
Ross, Alexander M., M.D. Toronto, Canada. 1871.
Russell, A. B. Shreveport, La. March 12, 1866.
Siehs, Renmum. New York, N. Y. Sept. 9, 1867.
Salle, Auguste. Paris, France. Jan. 15, 1866.
Sanborn, Francis Gregory. Boston, Mass. Feb. 13, 1865.
Sa7-torius, Dr. C Mexico. Jan. 12, 1863.
Saunders, William. London, Canada. Oct. 13, 1862.
Saussure, Henri de. Geneve, Switzerland. Jan. 15, 1866.
Say, Mrs. Lucy W. Newburg, N. Y. April 13, 1863.
Scudder, Samuel H, Ph.D. Cambridge, Mass. Oct. 14, 1861.
Selys-Longchamps, Baron Edmond de. Liege, Belgium. Feb. 15, '94
Shimer, Henry, M.D. Mt. Carroll, 111. Dec. Kt, 1866.
Slosson, Mrs. Annie Trumbull. New York, N. Y. June 8, 1891.
Smith, George D. Boston, Mass. Jan. 12, 1863.
Sommer, M. C. Hamburg, Germany. Oct. 9, 1865.
Sonne, Charles. Chicago, 111. Nov. 14, 1864.
Sprague, Hfenry S. Buffalo, N. Y. July 13, 1863.
Stainton, H. T. London, England. Nov. 9, 1863.
Staufer, Jacob. Lancaster, Pa. Oct. 13, 1862.
Strecker, Herman, PhD. Reading, Pa. Nov. 12, 1866.
Stretch, Robert H. San Francisco, Cal. 1870.
Suffert, E. Friedenau (Berlin), Germany. Nov. 13, 1865.
Sumichrad, Francois. Mexico. March 12, 1866.
Talbot, Robert Bancker. New York, N. Y. March 9, 1863.
Tatnall, Edward, Jr. Wilmington, Del. July 13, 1863.
Tepper, F. W. Brooklyn, N. Y. July 13, 1863.
Tepper, John. Brooklyn, N. Y. Aug. 10, 1863.
Thomas, Cyrus. Murphysborough, 111 Dec. 9, 1861.
Thomas, W. H. B. Mount Holly, N. J. July 23, 1860.
Trimble, Dr. Isaac P. Newark, N. J. Dec. 11, 1865.
Uhler, John C Lebanon, Pa. Oct. 23, 1860.
Uhler, Philip R. Baltimore, Md. May 9, 1859.
Ulke, Henry. Washington, D. C. March 28, 1859.
\an Patten, C H. San Jo.se, Costa Rica. Oct. 14, 1872.
Walsh, Benjamin D. Rock Island, 111. Oct. 14, 1861.
Walsingham, Lord (see De Grey).
Weidemeyer, J. W. New York, N. Y. July 11, 1859.
Westwood, J. 0. Oxford, P:ngland. Nov. 14, 1864.
American Entomological Society. vii
WliitcniJin, J. S. Farm School, P. O., Centre Co , Pa. Aug. 13, '(JO.
Wild, J. P. Egg Harbor City, N. J. March U, 18G8.
Wlngate, J. D. Bellefonte, Pa. June 25, 18G0.
Wood, William H. S. New York, N. Y. Nov. 11, 1861.
Xanthus, John. Jan. 12, 1863.
Zeigler, Rev. Daniel. York, Pa. April K!, 1863.
Former Resident Members.
Biddle, George. July 10, 1865.
Breed, Rev. W. P. Dec. 8, 1862.
Bucknel, Rufns. Nov. 14, 1864.
Bunte, Theodore. Feb. 13, 1860.
Cadwallader, William. April 9, 1860.
Cassiri, John- March 13, 1865.
Cope, Edward D., Ph.D. June 12, 1865.
Crozer, Robert H. Dec. 12, 1864.
Daly; Thon}as. March 25, 1861.
Davis, W. M., Jr. June 8, 1874.
Duron, George B." April 10, 1865.
Dowliiig, J. D. Nov. 26, 1860.
Drexel, Joseph M. March 11, 1867.
Dunbar, Hugh. July 11, 1859.
Dunkerly, Joseph. May 23, 1859.
Eckfelt, John W., M B. June 8, 1874.
Engelhard, F., Ph D. Sept. 26, 1859.
J'Jnnix, Jacob. Jan. 28, 1861.
Frazer, Robert. Nov. 11, 1861.
Gallierd, George W. Dec. 9, 1861.
Getz, John. May 12, 1862.
Gr()j)engeiser, Lewis. July 25, 1859.
Grote, Augustus R. Nov. 9, 1863 (Corresponding Member).
Haines, John S. March 11, 1867.
Haines, Reuben. Oct. 8, 1866.
Hart, CJharles H. April 9, 1866.
Heussner, Ferdinand. July 9, 1866.
Heni4on, George, M.D. March 11, 1861.
Kay, William. April 25, 1859.
Keating, John W. March 10, 1862. '
Kilvington, Robert. April 9, 1866.
\'
^
viii List of Members
Kline, Christian. Dec. 8, 1862.
Knight, John. Sept. 26, 1859.
Knight, J. Frank. April 25, 1859.
Leidy, Joseph, M.D. Feb. 8, 1864.
Lewis, Samuel, M.D. Aug. 27, 1860.
Lumbrey, William W. March 11, 1861.
McElroy, Thomas E. March 11, 1867.
McFarland, Rev. James H. June 25, 1860.
McMeiehel, John. Dec. 9, 1861.
Manuel, Edward A. Nov. 10, 1862.
Martindale, Isaac C Dec. 9, 1889.
Mead, Theodore L. Dec. 14, 1868 (Corresp(mding Member).
Mitchell, Horace B. July 9, 1860.
Montgomery, William. April 10, 1865.
Neely, Thomas B., D.D. June 8, 1863.
Nuttell, Robert. Nov. 26, 1860.
Parker, Charles F. Nov. 11, 1861.
Pennypacker, J. T. Feb. 9, 1877.
Pine, William S. June 27, 1859.
Reakirt, Tryon. July 13, 1863.
Ridings, William. Feb. 11, 1867.
Royal, William A. Feb. 27, 1860.
Seeber, C. Ernest. Nov. 10, 1862.
Shaw, Thomas. May 12, 1862.
Smith, James H. Oct. 22, 1860.
Strecker, Herman, Ph.D. Dec. 10, 1866 (Cor. Member).
Tainall, Edward. Nov. 8, 1875.
Ulke, Henry. April 11, 1859 (Corresponding Member).
Wenzel, William. April 11, 1859.
Wiest, Daniel. July 8, 1861.
Wilson, Rathmell. March 11, 1867.
Wilson, William S. Nov. 10, 1862.
Wingate, J. D. July 9, 1860.
Of many of those mentioned in the preceding lists nothing is
known. Any corrections will be thankfully received by the Corre-
sponding Secretary of the Society at the Academy of Natural Sci-
ences, Philadelphia.
t-
•*8
PZV. INS.
U,S. NATL. WIS.
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES
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